Division

07 - Thermal and Moisture Protection

Section

07900 - Joint Sealers

Part 1:

General

1 01

Summary
The work covered by this section consists of providing all tools, labor, equipment and
materials, and performing all operations in connection with joint sealing.

1 01 01

1 01 04

Section includes
01.0

Standard Sealants and Accessories

02.0

Sealants and Accessories for Concrete Pavement

03.0

Fire Resistant Sealants and Accessories

04.0

Compression Seals

Related Sections
03400 Cast-in Place Concrete
05810 Expansion Joint Cover Assembly
07100 Waterproofing

1 02

References

1 02 01

Applicable Standards

1 02 01 03

International Standards

1 02 01 03 01

International Standards Organization (ISO)

ISO 11600: 93

Building construction - Sealants - Classification and

requirements

1 02 01 04

USA Standards

1 02 01 04 01

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)

1 02 01 06

ASTM C570: 00

Standard Specification for Oil- and Resin-Base Caulking

Compound for Building Construction (Amendment 1989)

ASTM C834: 00

Standard Specification for Latex Sealant

ASTM C920: 01

Standard Specification for Elastomeric Joint Sealants

ASTM C1184: 00

Standard Specification for Structural Silicone Sealants E (2001)

ASTM D1751: 99

Standard Specification for Preformed Expansion Joint Filler for

Concrete Paving and Structural Construction (Nonextruding and
Resilient Bituminous Types)

ASTM D1752: 84

Standard Specification for Preformed Sponge Rubber and Cork

Expansion Joint Fillers for Concrete Paving and Structural
Construction E (1996) R (1996)

British Standards
BS 476
BS 476 - Pt.20: 87

Fire tests on building materials and structures

Method for determination of the fire resistance of elements of
construction (general principles)

Joint Sealers | Division 07 - Thermal and Moisture Protection

1 02 02

BS 2499
BS 2499 - Pt.1: 93
BS 2499 - Pt.3: 93

Hot-applied joint sealant systems for concrete pavements

Specification for joint sealants
Methods of test

BS 4254: 83(91)

Specification for two-part polysulfide-based sealants

BS 5212
BS 5212-Pt.1: 90
BS 5212-Pt.3: 90

Cold applied joint sealant systems for concrete pavements

Specification for joint sealants
Methods of test

BS 5215: 86

Specification for one-part gun grade polysulfide-based sealants

BS 6213: 00

Selection of constructional sealants

Codes
BS 2499 - Pt.2: 92

Code of practice for the application and use of joint sealants

BS 5212 - Pt.2: 90

Code of practice for the application and use of joint sealants

BS 6093: 93

Code of practice for design of joints and jointing in building

construction

1 03

Definitions

1 03 01

Technical Terms
Compatibility - the capability of two or more materials to be placed in contact or close
proximity with one another and each material maintaining its usual physical or
chemical properties, or both.
Compound - an intimate mixture of all the ingredients necessary for a finished
material or product.
Construction joint - a formed or assembled joint at a predetermined location where
two successive placements of concrete meet.
Control joint - a formed, sawed, tooled, or assembled joint acting to regulate the
location and degree of cracking and separation resulting from the dimensional change
of different elements of a structure.
Cure - the process by which a compound attains its intended properties through
evaporation, chemical reaction, heat, radiation, or combinations thereof.
Expansion joint - a structural separation between building elements that allows
independent movement without damage to the assembly.
Hot-applied sealant - a compound that is applied in a molten state and cures
primarily by cooling to ambient temperatures.
Joint - the space or opening between two or more adjoining surfaces.
Latex sealant - a compound that cures primarily through water evaporation.
Non-sag sealant - a compound that exhibits little or no flow when applied in vertical or
inverted joints.
Pot life - the time interval after mixing the components of a multicomponent sealant,
during which application and tooling is possible.
Primer - a compatible coating designed to enhance adhesion.
Seal - a barrier against the passage of liquids, solids, or gases.
Sealant - a material that has the adhesive and cohesive properties to form a seal.
Sealant backing - a compressive material placed in a joint before applying a sealant.
Solvent-release sealant - a compound that cures primarily through solvent
evaporation.

Joint Sealers | Division 07 - Thermal and Moisture Protection

Tape sealant - a sealant having a preformed shape, and intended to be used in a joint
initially under compression.

1 03 02

Abbreviations and Symbols

deg C
MAF
max.
min.
RH
TRM
UL
WSmin

1 05

degree Celsius
movement accommodation factor
maximum
minimum
Relative Humidity
total relevant movement
Underwriters Laboratories (US)
min. sealant width

Submittals
Submit the following in accordance with Conditions of Contract and specification
Section 01300.

1 05 01

Product Data
Provide product data for each type of sealant, joint filler, primer, preformed foam
sealant, including label compliance and fire-ratings.

1 05 02

Shop Drawings

1 05 03

Samples
Samples of all materials used for joint sealing shall be submitted to the Engineer prior
to installation for approval.

1 05 04

Quality Control Submittals

Documented experience of Contractors site supervisor(s) (see ref. 1 06 01 02)
Certificates for all elements indicated showing compliance with referenced Standards
and requirements of local authorities.
Records and reports of Contractors Internal Q.C.
Records and reports of Contractors External Q.C.

1 06

Quality Assurance

1 06 01

Qualifications

1 06 01 01

Qualifications of Manufacturers
Products used in the work of this Section shall be produced by manufacturers
regularly engaged in this business, with a history of successful production acceptable
to the Engineer.

1 06 01 02

Qualifications of Installers
Use adequate number of skilled workmen who are thoroughly trained and experienced
in the necessary crafts and who are completely familiar with the specified
requirements and the methods needed for proper performance of work .
Contractors site supervisor(s) shall have knowledge of referenced Standards and at
least five (5) years of documented experience.

1 06 03

Certifications
Provide 'Third Party' certificates issued by an authorized and independent agency or
laboratory where indicated.

1 06 04

Quality Control

1 06 04 01

Internal Quality Control

Contractors internal Quality Control shall include but not be limited to:

Joint Sealers | Division 07 - Thermal and Moisture Protection

Checking suppliers test certificates and certificates of compliance to conform with

specification and referenced Standards prior to application or installation.
Checking suppliers delivery tickets for compliance with supply order and specification.

1 07

Delivery, Storage and Handling

1 07 01

Packing and Shipping

Deliver materials to site originally packed by manufacturer in unopened containers.
Protect materials during delivery to comply with manufacturers directions. Damaged
materials shall be replaced at Contractor's cost.

1 07 02

Storage and Protection

Store materials at building site strictly according to manufacturers instructions. Store
products in a dry and ventilated place.

1 10

Special Warranty
01.0

The Contractor shall provide min. ten (10) years warranty for
Bitumen, Rubber/Bitumen and Butyl products and the related
workmanship.

02.0

The Contractor shall provide min. fifteen (15) years warranty for
Acrylic/Latex products and the related workmanship.

03.0

The Contractor shall provide min. twenty (20) years warranty for
Polysulfide, Polyurethane and Silicone products and the related
workmanship.

Part 2:

Products

2 01

Sealant Mater
Follow BS 6213 'British Standard Guide to Selection of constructional sealants' to
select the right sealant for the specific job.

2 01 01

Acrylic-Based Sealants (Latex)

Acrylic-based sealants shall comply with the requirements of ASTM C834 or an
equivalent Standard, for the indicated application, use and class. Compliance shall be
certified by an authorized and independent laboratory.

2 01 02

Butyl-Rubber Sealants
Butyl-rubber sealants shall comply with the requirements of ASTM C1085 or an
equivalent Standard, for the indicated application, use and class. Compliance shall be
certified by an authorized and independent laboratory.

2 01 03

Elastomeric Sealants

2 01 03 01

Silicone-Based Sealants
Silicone-based sealants shall comply with the requirements of BS 5889 or an
equivalent Standard, for the indicated application, use and class. Compliance shall be
certified by an authorized and independent laboratory.

2 01 03 02

Polysulfide-Based Sealants
Polysulfide-based sealants shall comply with the requirements of ASTM C920 or an
equivalent Standard, for the indicated application, use and class. Compliance shall be
certified by an authorized and independent laboratory.

Joint Sealers | Division 07 - Thermal and Moisture Protection

2 01 03 03

Polyurethane-Based Sealants
Polyurethane-based sealants shall comply with the requirements of ASTM C920 or an
equivalent Standard, for the indicated application, use and class. Compliance shall be
certified by an authorized and independent laboratory.

2 01 04

2 01 05

Joint Sealants for Concrete Pavement

01.0

Cold-applied sealants for concrete pavements, hardstands,

runways etc. shall comply with BS 5212 or an equivalent Standard.
Compliance shall be certified by an authorized and independent
laboratory.

02.0

Hot-applied sealants for concrete pavements, hardstands, runways

etc. shall comply with BS 2499 or an equivalent Standard.
Compliance shall be certified by an authorized and independent
laboratory.

Fire Resistant Joint Sealants

Fire stopping sealants are in general available as one-part products with low to
medium MAF (10%), or two-part products with high MAF (25%)
Provide manufacturer's standard fire-stopping sealant, with accessory materials,
having fire-resistance ratings indicated as established by testing identical assemblies
per BS 476 Pt.20 or an equivalent Standard at an authorized and independent
laboratory.

2 02

Primer
Use only manufacturer's recommended primer for the respective sealant and
substrate.

2 03

2 04

Joint Filler
01.0

Joint Fillers for cold applied sealants shall be open cell

polyurethane or closed cell polyethylene foams, whichever is
recommended by the sealant manufacturer for the respective
sealant or joint location.

02.0

Joint fillers for hot applied sealants or joints under hydrostatic

pressure shall be of processed cork or another adequate product
acceptable to the Engineer.

03.0

Joint fillers for concrete paving shall be of cork, self-expanding

cork, or sponge rubber complying with ASTM D1752, or bituminous
fiber complying with ASTM D1751, or an equivalent product
acceptable to the Engineer.

04.0

Joint fillers for fire resistant joints shall be of mineral or ceramic

fibers or another adequate product acceptable to the Engineer.

Bond Breaker Tape

Bond breaker tape shall be of polyethylene unless otherwise recommended by sealant
manufacturer.

2 05

Preformed Foam Sealant - Compression Seals

Provide manufacturer's standard preformed, precompressed, impregnated open-cell
foam sealant, produced from high-density urethane foam and impregnated with a
nondrying, water repellent agent. It shall be factory produced in precompressed rolls to
fit joint widths indicated and to develop a water- and airtight seal when compressed to
the degree specified by manufacturer. It shall be permanently elastic, mildew-resistant,
nonmigratory, nonstaining and compatible with joint substrates. Backing shall be
pressure sensitive adhesive, factory applied to one side, with protective wrapping.
Joint Sealers | Division 07 - Thermal and Moisture Protection

Joint Sealers | Division 07 - Thermal and Moisture Protection

Part 3:

Execution

3 01

General Examination
Examine structure where work of this Section will be installed. Correct conditions
detrimental to the proper and timely completion of the work. Verify that materials to be
used for the work comply with requirements in specifications and schedules. Do not
proceed with installation until unsatisfactory conditions have been corrected.

3 02

General Preparation

3 03

Installation

3 03 01

Preparation
01.0

Clean out joints immediately before applying joint sealers to

comply with manufacturer's recommendations and the following
requirements:

01.1

Remove all foreign material from joint substrates which could

interfere with adhesion of joint sealer, including oil, grease, water
repellents, dust and paints, except for permanent, protective
coatings approved for sealant adhesion and compatibility by
sealant manufacturer.

01.2

Clean concrete, masonry, unglazed surfaces of ceramic tiles and

similar porous joint substrate surfaces, by brushing, grinding,
blasting, mechanical abrading, or a combination of these methods
to produce a clean, sound substrate capable of developing
optimum bond with joint sealers. Remove laitance and formwork
release agents from concrete. Remove loose particles by
vacuuming or blowing out joints with oil-free compressed air.

01.3

Clean metal, glass, porcelain enamel, glazed surfaces by chemical

cleaners or other means, which are not harmful to substrates or
leave residues capable of interfering with adhesion of joint sealers.

02.0

Priming: Prime joint substrates where indicated or where

recommended by sealer manufacturer, based on substrate tests or
prior experience. Apply primer to comply with joint sealer
manufacturer's recommendations. Confine primer to areas of joint
sealer bond; do not allow spillage or migration onto adjoining
surfaces.

03.0

Masking tape: Use masking tape where required to prevent contact

of sealant with adjoining surfaces, which otherwise would be
permanently stained or damaged by such contact. Remove tape
immediately after tooling without disturbing joint seal.

04.0

Sealant Backing: Install joint fillers of type indicated to provide

support of sealants during application and at position required to
produce the cross-sectional shapes and depths of installed
sealants relative to joint widths which allow optimum sealant
movement capability. Use special adjustable rollers to guarantee a
constant depth.
Do not leave gaps between ends of joint fillers.
Do not stretch, twist, puncture, or tear joint fillers.

05.0

Bond breaker: Install bond breaker tape between sealant and joint
fillers, or back of joints where adhesion of sealant would result in
sealant failure.

Joint Sealers | Division 07 - Thermal and Moisture Protection

3 03 02

Installation of Sealants
For standard type joints see Annex 6, Figure 1.

3 03 02 01

General
Comply with joint sealer manufacturers written installation instructions applicable to
products and applications indicated, except where more stringent requirements apply.

3 03 02 02

3 03 02 03

3 03 02 04

Installation Standards
01.0

Elastomeric sealant installation shall comply with ASTM C962 or an

equivalent Standard.

02.0

Solvent-release curing sealant installation shall comply with ASTM

C804 or an equivalent Standard.

03.0

Latex sealant installation shall comply with ASTM C790 or an

equivalent Standard.

04.0

Acoustical sealant installation shall comply with ASTM C804 or an

equivalent Standard.

05.0

Cold-applied pavement sealant installation shall comply with BS

5212 - Pt.2 or an equivalent Standard.

06.0

Hot-applied pavement sealant installation shall comply with BS

2499 - Pt.2 or an equivalent Standard.

Sealant Application
01.0

Install sealant by proven techniques that result in sealants directly

contacting and fully wetting joint substrates, completely filling
recesses and providing uniform, cross-sectional shapes and
depths relative to joint widths which allow optimum sealant
movement capability.

02.0

Tooling: Nonsag sealants shall be tooled immediately after

application prior to skinning and curing. Tool sealant to form
smooth, uniform beads of configuration indicated, to eliminate
airpockets and to ensure contact and adhesion. Remove excess
sealant from surfaces adjacent to joint. Do not use tooling agents,
which discolor sealant or adjacent surfaces or are not approved by
sealant manufacturer.

03.0

Concrete pavement sealing: Make sure, that at no time during the

anticipated operating cycle of the joint, the sealant will protrude
above the surface of the concrete pavement. To ensure this, it will
be necessary to recess the level of the sealant 5 to 8 mm below
the pavement surface, depending on the temperature prevailing at
time of application (see Annex 6, Figure 2).

04.0

Firestopping sealant: Follow strictly manufacturer's, respectively

testing agencies instructions for the installation of sealant and
required backing materials to ensure the indicated fire ratings after
curing.

Installation of Preformed Foam Seals - Compression Seals

Install each length of sealant immediately after removing protective wrapping, taking
care not to pull or stretch material, and to comply with sealant manufacturer's
directions for installation methods, materials and tools which produce seal continuity at
ends, turns and intersections of joints.

Joint Sealers | Division 07 - Thermal and Moisture Protection

3 04

Field Quality Control

3 05

Adjusting and Cleaning

Clean off excess sealants or sealant smears adjacent to joints as work progresses by
methods and with cleaning materials approved by manufacturer of joint sealers and
joint substrates.

3 06

Demonstration

3 07

Protection
Protect joint sealers during and after curing period from contact with contaminating
substances or from damage resulting from construction operations, to be without
deterioration or damage at time of handing over. If, despite such protection, damage
occurs, cut out and remove this parts immediately and reseal joints with new material
to produce joint sealer installations with repaired areas indistinguishable from original
work and approved by the Engineer.

3 08

Schedules
Contractor shall provide schedules of his works, coordinated with other trades, prior to
commencing with installation.

Joint Sealers | Division 07 - Thermal and Moisture Protection

Part 4: Method of Measurement

4 01

General
The quantities to be paid for will be measured in place or determined from drawings.

4 02

Units of Measurement
Joints will be differentiated into type of joint, width, type of material used and
measured by m length.

Joint Sealers | Division 07 - Thermal and Moisture Protection

10

Part 5: Basis of Payment

5 01

General
Payment will be made for complete work including furnishing all material, equipment,
tools, scaffolding, storage facilities, water, power, for all labor, samples, coordinating
work with other trades, checking, examination, testing, quality assurance, cleaning and
protecting.

5 02

Ancillary Works to be included in the Unit Price Rates

The following ancillary works shall be included in the unit price rates and will not be
measured separately:
All necessary cleaning work before application of joint filling materials.
Required application of primers.
Required backing material and joint fillers.

Joint Sealers | Division 07 - Thermal and Moisture Protection

11

Annex : Tables and Figures

6 02

Figures

Fig. 1: Typical construction joint

Joint Sealers | Division 07 - Thermal and Moisture Protection

12

Fig. 2: Typical joint in concrete pavement

Joint Sealers | Division 07 - Thermal and Moisture Protection

13