BOMBARDIER DASH 8 Q400

STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES

REV 2 24/10/15
p.1

Pre-flight Preparation
Before commencing a flight, thorough preparation should be completed to
ensure safe and efficient flying.
Preparation for the flight includes checking of:
Route
Weather (Departure, destination, en-route, alternates)
NOTAMs
Company notices
Fuel figure
Fuel preparation
It is VBEE policy for the Q400 to uplift, in addition to the required trip fuel, at
least 5% contingency fuel (that is to say, an additional 5% of the calculated trip
fuel) and a MINIMUM final reserve figure of 400kg. No VBEE Q400 flight should
land with less than 400kg of fuel on board.
Naturally, the final reserve fuel and the contingency fuel can both be increased
at the Captain's discretion, taking into consideration any weather or operational
limitations. The standard taxi fuel figure for the Q400 is 70kg though once again,
more can be added if the Captain anticipates a long taxi (e.g. AMS or CDG).
Tankering fuel is acceptable, though it is company policy to land with no more
than 3,700kg of fuel on board unless in exceptional circumstances. Explanation
for landing with greater fuel quantity may be required.
Alternate airports should be chosen on the basis of weather, NOTAMs and
proximity. It may also be prudent to choose Flybe bases or destinations as
alternates where possible for operational ease (for example, Bristol or Exeter
would be good alternates for Southampton, depending on weather/NOTAMs).

p.2

At the aircraft
On arrival at the aircraft, the captain should ensure:
Pins and covers are stowed
Parking Brake set to PARK
Nav Lights set to ON
External Inspection
Described in a seperate document
First Flight Check
If it is the first flight of the crew's day, or their first flight on a particular aircraft,
then a first flight check must be completed. The safety check includes
verification

of

the

presence

of

the

requisite

safety

equipment

and

documentation. The circuit breaker panels must also bechecked thoroughly.

The Cockpit Preparation panel scan starts from the top left of the overhead
panel (DC Electrical panel) and moves in a W shape to the top right (AC
Electrical panel). Thereafter, the scan starts from the Captain's left-hand
console, the glareshield, main instrument panel, pedestal and First Officer's
console, finishing at the oxygen gauge.
This is an expanded checklist, but also includes all items found during the panel
scan. Green items appear on the checklist, whilst blue items are ones that
should be completed but do not appear on the checklist. The scan should be
done first, and then supplemented by the checklist (i.e. not read-and-do).

p.3

COCKPIT PREPARATION
DOCUMENTATION........................................................CHECK
Check presence of aerodrome/enroute charts, OFP, checklist & manuals
SAFETY EQUIPMENT....................................................CHECK
Goggles, extinguishers, axe, life jackets, escape hatch, flashlights, fire gloves,
hydraulic handpump
LDG GEAR & PINS........................................................CHECK
Open MAIN LANDING GEAR ALTERNATE RELEASE DOOR and check that
MAIN LG RELEASE HANDLE in normal position. Close the door.
Ensure LANDING GEAR EXTENSION INHIBIT SWITCH set to NORMAL and
red guard closed.
Ensure LANDING GEAR ATERNATE EXTENSION DOOR (on floor) 3 green
lights are illuminated, then close.
OVERHEAD PANEL
ENGINE INTAKE DOORS.............................................OPEN
Amber OPN Lights on overhead panel
BATTERIES...................................................................CHECKED
BATT MASTER/MAIN/AUX/STBY should all be ON.
Voltages need to be checked (With EXT PWR connected, Batt should = <26V
for engine start, or 22V if starting on battery power only).
Temperatures should not exceed 25 degrees.
MAIN BUS TIE................................................................TIE
ICE PROTECTION & WINDSHIELD..........................................................SET
All switches should be OFF, INTAKE switches should be OPN (green light).
All windshield switches should be OFF.
EXTERIOR LIGHTS..................................................................................SET
p.4

LANDING and TAXI lights should be off.

ELT......................................................................................AUTO
FLIGHT DATA RCDR.........................................................GND TEST
Check that FLT DATA RECORDER light on CWP goes out, then place switch
back to NORM.
PFD ALTIMETER UNITS..................................................AS RQD
Altimeter units in Europe are in FT, though if operating in regions with metric
altimetry, FT + M can be used.
FIRE DETECTION AND SMOKE....................................TESTED
DO NOT TEST APU FIRE PROTECTION if the APU is running.
Press APU FIRE TEST. Ensure illumination of
APU FUEL VALVE CLOSED white light
APU BTL ARM amber light
APU FAULT amber light
APU FIRE red light
APU caution light
APU EXTG light
APU FAIL light
CHECK FIRE DET warning (flashing)
MASTER CAUTION & MASTER WARNING lights (flashing)
Press ENGINE 1 and subsequently ENGINE 2 FIRE TEST DETECTION switch.
Check for each:
PULL FUEL/HYD OFF handle illuminates
FAULT A and FAULT B advisory lights illuminate
CHECK FIRE DET warning light illuminates
MASTER WARNING light illuminates
p.5

 ENGINE FIRE lights flash

Fire warning bell rings
Ensure that the ENGINE FIRE lights are depressed at least once during these
tests, to ensure that the fire bell silences.
Press BAGGAGE SMOKE tests for FWD and AFT. Ensure:
Master Warning tone sounds
MASTER WARNING lights flash
SMOKE warning on CWP
PANEL LIGHTING..............................................................AS RQD
DC EXT PWR/APU............................................................ON
GPU should be used wherever possible, as APU is expensive and noisy.
For APU Start:
Press PWR on APU CONTROL panel. Ensure APU FUEL VALVE OPEN
advisory light illuminates
Press START on APU panel. Ensure STARTER amber advisory light
illuminates, then extinguishes
Wait for green RUN light and GEN WARN light.
Press GEN Switch and ensure GEN ON light illuminates.
Once running, check APU GEN on MFD Electrical page is at around 0.3 (max
1.0). Bus voltage should read around 28V.
ENGINE START PANEL....................................................SET
IGNITION SWITCHES should be in NORM
Engine selector should be centred and Start p/b blank.
CABIN ALTITUDE CONTROLS.........................................SET
AUTO/MAN/DUMP should be AUTO
CABIN ALTITUDE FORWARD OUTFLOW knob should be rotated fully antip.6

clockwise
Set Landing Elevation of destination airport using LDG ALT knob
EXTERIOR LIGHTS (2)....................................................SET
Day = All off (except POSN lights)
Night = All on (except anti-collision light until before engine start)
EMER LIGHTS.................................................................ARM
FASTEN BELTS/NO SMOKING......................................AS RQD/ON
NO SMOKING should always be ON.
FASTEN BELTS can be switched on UNLESS fueling with passengers on board
is anticipated, in which case FASTEN BELTS should remain OFF until fueling
complete.
TEST CAUT ADVSRY Switch...........................................TEST
Test caution and advisory lights. Particularly important are:
+ Fire and detection panel lights
De-ice and anti-ice lights
POWERED FLIGHT CONTROL SHUTOFF lights
LANDING GEAR lights
AP DISENG light
MASTER WARNING & MASTER CAUTION lights
Some lights will not illuminate during the test, including:
ENGINE SELECT, ENGINE START, CABIN ALTITUDE FAULT, ALTERNATE
PILOT WIPER ON. Furthermore, the FUSELAGE DOORS light will not
illuminate if the passenger or baggage doors are open.
BLEED AIR 1 & 2...............................................................OFF
BLEEDS 1 & 2 should be OFF and BLEED Switch set to MIN.
APU BLEED.......................................................................AS RQD
p.7

DO NOT use APU BLEED until 2 mins after APU RUN green light illuminates.
BUS VOLTAGE...................................................................CHECK
RECIRC FAN.......................................................................ON
PRESS/PACKS....................................................................SET/CHECKED
Packs should be in AUTO
TEMP CONTROL for CABIN set to F/A and set for COCKPIT.
AC CONTROL......................................................................SET
EXT PWR usually OFF, GEN 1 and 2 should be ON.
CAPTAIN SIDE PANEL
GPWS OVERRIDE...............................................................NORM
Ensure switch is blank and guarded.
T/O WARN TEST..................................................................TEST
Check audio tone sounds
ADC TEST 1 & 2...................................................................TEST
Ensure ALT FAIL, IAS FAIL and IVSI FAIL flags removed from PFDs
For each test,ensure:
Altimeter shows 14,360ft on PFD
Altimeter setting shows 990Hpa
Maximum Operating Speed displays as 284 kts
SAT = -15 degrees and WTG2 FAIL legend appears on ED
IAS, IAS MISMATCH & ALT appear on PFDs.
PITCH TRIM & ELEVATOR FEEL caution lights illuminate
Overspeed warning tone sounds after 5 seconds
TCAS FAIL legend appears momentarily on PFDs and MFDs.
STALL WARNING.................................................................TEST
p.8

Hold each test for at least 10 seconds.

Ensure:
RA increases to greater than 500ft
RA decreases to 50ft
Stick shaker activates
#1(2) STALL SYS FAIL and PUSHER SYST FAIL caution lights illuminate
NOSEWHEEL STEERING...................................................OFF
Nosewheel MUST remain off until pushback is complete and the tow bar has
been disconnected, so as to avoid nosewheel unit damage.
GLARESHIELD
FLIGHT/TAXI........................................................................TAXI
STICK PUSHER and ELEVATOR TRIM SHUTOFF..............NORM
These selectors should be blank
CLOCK................................................................................SET
Check chrono and ET reset, and that correct UTC time shown
GPWS TEST.........................................................................TEST
Check:
PULL UP and BELOW G/S advisory lights illuminates
GLIDESLOPE and PULL UP aural warnings sound
If time permits, the GPWS TEST p/b can be depressed for longer than three
seconds. This will test all GPWS associated aural tones. If the test is not
satisfactory, wait 30 seconds before repeating.
PFCS.................................................................................NORMAL
All PFCS switches should be blank and pushed out.
HSI SEL............................................................................ONSIDE SELECTED
HSI SEL p/b should be pressed to toggle the flying HSI. If Captain is Pilot
p.9

Flying, there should be an <HSI message on the First Officer's PFD. If First
Officer is PF, the HSI> message should be shown on Captain's PFD.
SBY COMPASS...............................................................CHECKED
MAIN INSTRUMENT PANEL
SPEED BUGS.................................................................SET
V1, VR, V2, VFRI and VCLIMB bugs should be set according to tables/Aurasim
calculation.
ALTIMETERS.................................................................SET
Set local QNH and crosscheck altimeter indication with published airfield
elevation.
DH/MDA.....................................................................SET THRUST REDUCTION
Set MDA bug for the thrust reduction, which is 1000ft AAL (default).
1000Ft + aerodrome elevation.
PFD.................................................................................CHECK
Make sure no red flags are present and that all necessary navigation aids are
presented on EHSI.
MFD................................................................................CHECK
Check all pages to test for functionality. Standard pre-start presentation is
ELECTRICAL page on Captain's MFD and DOORS page on First Officer's
page.
STANDBY INSTRUMENT..............................................CHECK
Ensure correct QNH and altitude shown on standby instrument.
ED.................................................................................CHECK
Check fuel quantity and temperature and all maintenance messages are blank.
LANDING GEAR...........................................................CHECK
Ensure lever down and LEFT/NOSE/RIGHT green lights indicated. L/R & N
p.10

DOOR amber lights may also be showing.

Hold TEST switch and listen for gear warning horn.
GPWS FLAP..................................................................AS REQUIRED
Set for destination landing flap (15 or 35).
STBY HYD PRESS/PTU/ HYD #3 ISOL VALVE...................NORMAL
Make sure all switches are off and blank.
PEDESTAL
FMS.......................................................................................ON/CHECKED
Turn both FMS computers on. Check database validity and press ACCEPT.
PITCH AND ROLL DISCONNECT.........................................IN
Both yellow handles should be pushed in.
TANK AUXILIARY PUMPS...................................................OFF
Both buttons should be off and blank. Confirm on the MFD Fuel page.
FUEL....................................................................................CHECKED
Transfer should be OFF. Quantity should be crosschecked with Flight Plan.
Imbalance between tanks should be no greater than 272kg.
STBY VHF PANEL...............................................................OFF
CVR.....................................................................................CHECKED
AUTOFEATHER..................................................................TEST
COND LEVERS = FUEL OFF
POWER LEVERS = DISC
Depress AUTOFEATHER switch. Messages on ED:
A/F SELECT
UPTRIM
ITT and NH increase
NTOP changes to NTOP
p.11

 Torque rating increases

A/F ARM increases
UPTRIM disappears
MTOP changes to NTOP and torque ratings decrease.
A/F TEST PASS message
After test complete, deselect AUTOFEATHER p/b.
If the test fails, maintenance must be carried out and the flight MUST NOT
CONTINUE.
EMERGENCY BRAKE..........................................................SET & CHECKED
Brake lever should be set to park and sufficient pressure should be verified on
HYDRAULIC page. At least 500 PSI is required.
CONTROL LOCK.................................................................. ON
POWER LEVERS..................................................................DISC
COND LEVERS.....................................................................FUEL OFF
ARCDU 1 & 2..............................................................................ON & SET
Set navigation and ATC frequencies required for departure.
TCAS test must be carried out first flight of the day.
To do this, select TCAS. Press EXP and line select against TEST. Wait for
TCAS SYSTEM TEST OK aural tone.
TRIMS....................................................................................CHECKED
Test elevator trim for full and free travel. Return to T/O range. Elevator trim
needs to be set as follows:
TAKEOFF CG% MAC = Forward 13.88%.........................USE AFT END of T/O Range
TAKEOFF CG% MAC = Aft 36%............................USE FORWARD END of T/O Range

Aileron: Briefly release control lock and cycle through range. Then set needle to
centre and engage control lock.
Rudder: Cycle through range. Then reset to one needle width to the right (to
p.12

counteract yawing motion from propeller wash on takeoff)

RADAR..................................................................................OFF
FIRST OFFICER'S GLARESHIELD
CLOCK..................................................................................SET
STICK PUSHER/ELEVATOR TRIM SHUTOFF.....................NORM
Switches should be off and blank
ANTI-SKID.............................................................................ON
Switching the Anti-Skid to ON will start a self-test process. Ensure that the INBD
ANTISKID and OUTBD ANTI-SKID caution lights on CWP go out after 6
seconds.
FIRST OFFICER'S SIDE PANEL
FORWARD OUTFLOW VALVE.............................................NORMAL
OXYGEN PRESS..................................................................CHECK
Oxygen should be in the green gauge. Minimum dispatch is 1300 PSI.
BEFORE START
FMS Setup
The route stipulated on the Operational Flight Plan should be inserted into the
FMS, along with published SID and STAR procedures where applicable.
When filling the FMS fuel plan, the PASSENGERS section should remain at
zero and the correct EMPTY WEIGHT should be inserted. Traffic load for the
flight should be inserted in the CARGO section. Insert the alternate fuel for the
selected alternate aerodrome, and the final reserve fuel (usually equivalent to 30
minutes flying time) should be inserted in the HOLD section.

p.13

Fuel Crosscheck
In FUEL ON BOARD, insert ramp fuel minus the taxi fuel (usually 70kg).
Crosscheck that the GROSS WEIGHT section automatically shows aircraft
takeoff weight.
Once this check is complete, re-insert actual ramp fuel figure into FUEL ON
BOARD section. GROSS WEIGHT should now show the aircraft's ramp weight.
FMS routeing can be crosschecked using the PLAN display on the MFD. This is
optional but can be useful for spotting erroneous flight plan points.
Radio Navigation Backup
If flying a prescribed SID routeing, pilots should back up the FMS flight plan by
tuning the radio aids stipulated on the departure charts.
Instrument Setting
PFD
Flags not present
Heading matches SBY compass
HDG BUG matches departure runway heading
Speed bugs set V1, VR, V2, VFRI and VCLIMB
VOR & ADF set and displayed on HSI (as required)
DH blank
MDA should display acceleration altitude (default = 1000ft AAL unless
otherwise stated on aerodrome charts/company procedures
Altimeters should be set to local QNH and elevation should be checked with
published aerodrome elevation
MFD
Toggle through the various pages checking for functionality
p.14

 Captain's MFD should be set to ELEC

First Officer's MFD should be set to DOORS
ED
Confirm fuel figure agrees with OFP
Check sensible engine parameters and indications
Check NTOP set
ATIS
ATIS for the local aerodrome should be recorded and reviewed
Takeoff Data
Takeoff data can be obtained using the published VBEE Q400 charts or by using
the EFB provided by Aurasim. Weights and weather information inserted into the
EFB should be crosschecked thoroughly, as well as power and flap settings.
Use the SPEED BUG selector to set V1, VR, V2, VFRI and VCLIMB. The filledin triangle represents VFRI (flap retraction speed), whilst the hollow triangle
represents VCLIMB.
Always crosscheck all data for accuracy before departure.
NTOP will be used for all departures and bleeds will usually be left in the
MIN/ON position for takeoff, unless performance tables do not permit this.
Departure clearance
Obtain departure clearance from ATC. Once obtained, set the altitude selector
and transponder appropriately. If ATC are not available (IVAO/VATSIM),
announce departure intentions on UNICOM using format (CALLSIGN) Traffic.
EGPH TRFC, BEE6VA, DH8D, Stand 22, Pushback and Start for EGAC,
TLA6C departure rwy 24.

p.15

BEFORE START CHECKLIST

COCKPIT PREPARATION............................................COMPLETE
All checks and internal/external scans have been completed, FMS prepared,
security check completed, IFR clearance gained.
FUEL.............................................................................XFER OFF, QTY______
Check fuel transfer switch centred. Ensure fuel imbalance does not exceed
272kg and that VALVE OPEN lights on FUEL SYS page are not showing.
Ensure sufficient fuel quantity for the flight.
BRAKE/PRESSURE.........................................................ON,PRESS CHECKED
Ensure EMERGENCY/PARKING BRAKE lever set to ON and pressure shown
on First Officer's MFD is sufficient (minimum 500 PSI).
PWR/COND LEVERS......................................................DISC/FUEL OFF
ANTI-SKID............................................................................ON
ALTIMETERS........................................................................QNH___ SET
CHECKLIST COMPLETE
Starting with APU
If using the APU for electrical power on startup, ensure APU GEN is selected
ON and BL AIR selected OFF (APU Bleed must NOT be operating during engine
start).
Starting with External Power
It is preferable to start with GPU connected where possible. This can be done by
starting the first engine on stand. Pushback can the commence and, with the
use of the MAIN BUS TIE, the running engine generator can be used to provide
power for the second engine start.

p.16

Single Engine Taxi

If a single engine taxi-out is anticipated, engine 2 should be started first.
Clearance
Always ensure start clearance from ATC has been obtained. Also make a visual
confirmation out of side windows that the engine areas are clear before engine
start.
Battery Start
Starting on batteries is not an approved standard procedure, but may be
performed in exceptional circumstances where neither APU or GPU are
available. There must be at least 22V bus voltage for battery start.
------------CLEAR TO START------------TRIMS................................................................................SET
Ensure Elevator trim is set in takeoff range and according to the aircraft's CG.
Aileron trim should be neutral
Rudder trim should be 1 needle's width to the right to counteract yawing motion
when takeoff power is applied.
DOORS...............................................................................CLOSED
Confirm on DOORS SYS page that all fuselage doors are closed.
Flight deck door should be closed.
NOSEWHEEL STEERING...............................................OFF
This MUST be selected off prior to pushback to avoid structural damage.
BUGS...................................................................................SET
Read out bugged V1, VR, V2, VFRI and VCLIMB. Ensure set correctly on both
sides.
p.17

Crosscheck bugged acceleration altitude on MDA bug.

PASSENGER SIGNS...........................................................ON
ANTI-COLLISION.................................................................RED
APU BLEED..........................................................................OFF
BUS VOLTS........................................26V (22V for Battery Start)
CHECKLIST COMPLETE
START PROCEDURE
Engine areas confirmed clear and bus voltages checked
Select start switch to #2 (#1)
START light illuminates
Depress START switch
At first indication of NH on ED, set condition lever to START/FEATHER
Monitor ITT and oil pressures (should increase to green)
IF NO LIGHT UP WITHIN 10 SECONDS
COND levers to FUEL OFF
ABNORMAL START
This includes:
+ No ITT indication after fuel selected ON
Hot start (ITT goes above 920 degrees)
NH decreases/does not increase
No oil pressure or oil pressure below 44 PSI
In these circumstances, abandon engine start IMMEDIATELY by selected
COND levers to FUEL OFF and deselecting start switch.

p.18

Normal Engine Start

Once NH stable above 64%, ENG OIL PRESS warning, ENG FUEL PRESS and
ENG HYD PUMP cautions all extinguished, call 'STABLE START'.
Repeat process for next engine.
DO NOT place COND levers to MAX whilst on or near stand area. All
personnel and equipment MUST be clear before MAX is selected.
AFTER START (ENG 2)
EXT PWR/APU.................................................................OFF
Ensure external power switch OFF and APU is deselected.
To deselect APU, first switch off GEN switch. Green GEN ON light should
extinguish. Then press PWR switch and ensure advisory lights extinguish and
FUEL VALVE CLOSED advisory illuminates.
RADAR..............................................................................SBY
Do not select radar to ON until well clear of ramp area & personnel.
FUEL PUMPS....................................................................ON
RUDDER............................................................................CHECKED
Ensure full and free travel on the rudder.
For first flight of the day, make a full and free check. Then switch RUD 1 PUSH
OFF switch ON. Check full and free. Deselect RUD 1 PUSH OFF switch.
Repeat with RUD 2 PUSH OFF switch. Ensure all PFCS switches are blank
before taxiing.
NOSE STEERING...............................................................ON
Once tow bar disconnected, select steering to ON
HYDRAULICS.....................................................................CHECKED
Pressures should be checked sufficient (2800-3000 Standby, 2900-3100 Main 1
p.19

& 2)
Quantities should be at least 50%
Depress HYD #3 ISOL VALVE. Ensure amber advisory illuminates. No.3 system
should show 2400-3100 PSI. ELEV PRESS caution should appear.
Check elevator for full and free travel.
Deselect HYD #3 ISOL VALVE and place small elevator input to depressurise
system 3.
FLAPS..................................................................................___ SET
Ensure flap position set for takeoff.
DE-ICE PRESSURE.............................................................CHECKED
Check pressure on First Officer's side panel.
Select TEST on PROP ICING switch and ensure both green lights illuminate.
Once complete, return to OFF position.
Single Engine Taxi
Do not taxi single engine over an active runway. Ensure both engines are
started before crossing active runways.
Engine 2 should be started first to supply hydraulic pressure. Ensure Engine 2
COND lever set to MAX before taxi.
Rudder inputs can be used to augment nosewheel steering to stop unwanted
movements to the left with Engine 2 started.
Engine 1 should be started in good time for takeoff and should be stabilised and
running for at least two minutes before takeoff power is applied. Engine should
be run in START/FEATHER for at least 30 seconds before running COND lever
to MAX.

p.20

AFTER START (ENG 1) CHECKLIST

ELECTRICAL PANEL...........................................................CHECKED
Batteries should all be on.
EXT PWR should be OFF
MAIN BUS TIE should be OFF.
CONDITION LEVERS..........................................................MAX
AUTOFEATHER...................................................................SELECT
Ensure white SELECT light illuminates.
PFD/MFD/ED........................................................................CHECKED & SET
Check for failure messages. Captain and F/O MFDs should now be selected to
NAV.
BLEEDS.............................................................................ON/MIN (OR AS RQD)
Ensure bleeds set as per takeoff data calculations. Normally ON/MIN should be
set.
CHECKLIST COMPLETE
TAXI
Taxiing should always be performed with TAXI light selected ON.
Any reverse taxiing or pushback is STRICTLY prohibited.
Wing inspection lights should also be used at night or in conditions of poor
visibility.
Taxi speed should not exceed 30 kts straight line and 15 kts in turns. Tight turns
(90 degrees or more) should be performed at MAX 10 kts.
Try not to 'ride' the brakes against power, as this increases wear and brake
temperatures.

p.21

BEFORE TAKEOFF CHECKLIST

BRAKES.................................................................................CHECKED
Ensure brakes apply efficiently and symmetrically.
T/O WARNING........................................................................TESTED
Select T/O WARN switch and ensure aural tone does not sound.
T/O POWER...........................................................................NTOP
FLT INSTRUMENTS.............................................................CHECKED
Ensure correct indications and no flags
Make sure bugs set correctly
Whilst turning, check RMI, EHSI, magnetic compass and turn/slip indicators for
correct indications. Slip indicator should move in OPPOSITE direction to turn.
EADI and standby artificial horizon should remain erect.
FLIGHT CONTROLS...........................................................CHECKED/FREE
Disengage control lock.
Check ailerons and spoilers move through full travel.
SIM NOTE: The MJC Q400 nosewheel steering is controlled by the control
column or aileron axis. A control check will lead to unwanted movements
on the taxiway, so it is recommended to perform full and free check at or
near stationary.
YAW DAMPER..................................................................ON
CABIN...............................................................................SECURE
CHECKLIST COMPLETE

p.22

----------CLEARED TO LINE UP--------LIGHTS.............................................................................SET

Landing lights should be ON
Anti-collision should be WHITE
TRANSPONDER...............................................................SET
Ensure correct squawk code and ALT/ON set
CABIN CREW....................................................................WARNED
Cycle FASTEN BELTS sign to warn cabin crew of pending departures
PITOT STATIC..................................................................ON
Ensure PITOT STATIC switches are on and CWP cautions are extinguished.
FMA..............................................................GA, HDG, ALT SEL
CWP..................................................................................BLANK
CHECKLIST COMPLETE

TAKEOFF
The takeoff should be commenced with the wind in mind (check windsock, sim
weather indications or listen to wind vectors given by ATC). This is to ensure
proper directional control during takeoff. It also serves as a reminder for a
rejected takeoff in the event of a fire, as fires should always be kept downwind of
the fuselage where possible.
Advance power levers smoothly and note that takeoff power is set.
Note that A/F ARM annunciation appears on ED. If this does not occur,
REJECT TAKEOFF IMMEDIATELY.
At VR, rotate gently and follow flight director bars. When positive climb is
established, select landing gear UP and note that gear lights extinguish.
The initial climb-out should be performed at a MINIMUM speed of V2+10 kts. V2
p.23

is only the minimum speed during single engine climb.

At 500ft AAL, lateral modes may be selected on the Flight Guidance Panel.
INITIAL CLIMB
At acceleration altitude:
Select Flap Zero (ensure above VFRI)
Engage autopilot (if required hand flying is acceptable but A/P greatly
reduces workload)
Bleeds should be set to ON/NORM (or MAX if required). Check amber BLEED
indication on ED
COND LEVERS set to 900.
After flap retraction, engage IAS mode and climb at 210 kts (or as required
standard profile is 210 kts).
AFTER TAKEOFF CHECKLIST
LANDING GEAR....................................................................UP
FLAPS...................................................................................ZERO
BLEEDS................................................................................ON&NORM/MAX
Only select MAX with full passenger load. This setting increases fuel
consumption.
CLIMB POWER.....................................................................SET
CHECKLIST COMPLETE

p.24

CLIMB
Note when passing Minimum Safe Altitude.
Once transition altitude is reached, set 1013 on both PFDs. Standby altimeter
remains 1013 until passing 10,000ft (FL100). Check both altimeter indications
correct and synchronised.
Cabin crew are released, once aircraft has climbed above MSA, using the
ARCDU CHIME button.
Pressurisation system should be checked for normal operation. This check must
also be performed every 10,000ft in climb and descent.
Step climbs
If aircraft levels off before reaching cruise altitude, speed can be allowed to
increase to VMO -20 kts. When cleared to a higher level, use small and gradual
changes to allow aircraft to climb without making jolting movements or rapid,
uncomfortable pitch changes.
(E.g. when level at 6,000 and cleared to FL150 whilst aircraft flying at VMO- 20,
set new altitude and IAS Mode for VMO -30 initially, rather than reducing IAS
selection immediately to 210 knots. This would cause rapid and uncomfortable
pitch movements.)
Climb in V/S mode is NOT PERMITTED.

p.25

CLIMB CHECKLIST
ALTIMETERS..................................................................STD 1013
PRESSURISATION.........................................................CHECKED
STBY HYD & PTU CNTRL..............................................BLANK
Ensure both switches are pushed out and off
FUEL PUMPS..................................................................BLANK
Ensure both switches are pushed out and off
AUTOFEATHER..............................................................OFF
Ensure AUTOFEATHER pushbutton blank
CHECKLIST COMPLETE
CRUISE
Use FMS estimations on FUEL or PERF page to establish whether the aircraft
will reach destination on time, late or early. If late, use VMO -10 kts as the cruise
speed. If time is not a problem for the flight, VMO -20 can be used to save fuel.
REMEMBER! VMO 10kts is the MAXIMUM permissible cruise speed.
Select cruise power with condition levers VERY CAREFULLY to avoid
inadvertent feathering.
One MFD should always have TERR selected, and the MSA of the flight plan
route printed on the OFP should always be considered.
Monitoring 121.5 from time to time on VHF2 is good airmanship.
A fuel check should be made against OFP predictions at least every 20 minutes.
In addition, the MFD system pages should be reviewed for correct indications.
Pressurisation system indications, hydraulic system, ice protection and oxygen
indications must also be checked at least every 20 minutes in the cruise.
p.26

DESCENT
Descent planning can be made by using the FMS VNAV page. All descents
should be planned to be continuous or nearly continuous, with power as close to
idle as possible. Set the VNAV page using altitude restrictions published on the
STAR. If there is no published STAR or altitude restrictions, the VNAV page
should be used to plan to be at 5000ft with 15 track miles remaining.
The VTO page will show the descent rate from present position to each VNAV
waypoint.
Approach radio aids should be tuned, STAR routeing set in the FMS, TOD point
calculated and approach charts reviewed and briefed before descent if possible.
Set MDA (or DH for CAT II approach)
Set arrival QNH on standby instruments
Review safety and transition altitudes for arrival
Check fuel and crosscheck with OFP for alternate requirements
Crosscheck landing weight on OFP with prediction on FMS FUEL page
Use Aurasim or performance charts to calculate VREF (solid triangle) &
VCLIMB (hollow triangle)
Set aerodrome elevation on pressurisation panel
Set radio aids and applicable inbound course for each
Review missed approach procedure and taxi procedure for arrival
Review go-around acceleration altitude (1000ft AAL dual engine)

p.27

DESCENT CHECKLIST
PRESSURISATION.....................................................SET
Aerodrome elevation set on cabin altitude selector. +500ft if landing with bleeds
off.
GPWS FLAP POSITION..............................................___ SET
Set switch to Flap 15 or 35.
SAFETY/TRANSITION ALTS.......................................REVIEWED
BRIEFING/BUGS.................................................REVIEWED/SET
CHECKLIST COMPLETE
Descent should be flown at 230 IAS with power as near to idle as possible. Do
not forget to use ALTSEL mode for every altitude or level change.
Holding
Holding procedures should be completed at a minimum of 170 kts.
APPROACH
Once cleared to an altitude, set the local QNH on both altimeters and
crosscheck. At this point, auxiliary fuel pumps should be turned on (green),
STBY HYD & PTU CNTRL turned on, AUTOFEATHER should be selected.
Landing lights must be switched on below 10,000ft (FL100).
Passenger signs must be on by FL100.

p.28

APPROACH CHECKLIST
ALTIMETERS..............................................QNH ____ SET
FUEL PUMPS.............................................ON
STBY HYD/PTU CNTRL.............................ON
PASSENGER SIGNS..................................ON
Passenger signs must be on by 10,000ft (FL100)
CABIN..........................................................SECURE
CHECKLIST COMPLETE
LANDING
Landing is completed using Flap 15 or 35. Because Flap 35 produces
cumbersome flight
control behaviours, and also increases fuel consumption during final approach, it
should
only be used when operating into short runways (i.e. below 1800m LDA).
Reduced NP should be used whenever practicable. This is achieved by
selecting RDC NP
push button on pedestal and then selecting COND levers to MAX within 20
seconds. This
should be completed after landing gear extension. Do not use reduced NP if:
Anti-skid inoperative
Nosewheel steering inoperative
Ground spoilers inoperative
Performing a steep approach
Performing a single engine approach
Performing a CAT II approach
Landing on very wet or contaminated
p.29

Landing Schedule
180 KTS (12-8 miles).....................FLAP 5
170 KTS (8-5 miles).......................GEAR DOWN (3 greens)
.......................REDUCED NP/COND LEVERS MAX
.......................BLEEDS ON/MIN
......................FASTEN BELTS SIGN CYCLED
......................MISSED APPROACH HDG/ALT BUGS SET
160 KTS (5-4 miles).......................FLAP 15
......................LANDING CHECKS
3 miles = Reduce to VREF.
Approach should be flown at VREF, or VREF + 10 in turbulence.
By 500ft RH, the aircraft MUST be stabilised. This includes:
Correct flight path
On runway centreline
At VREF (no more than +15kts)
V/S less than 1000ft/min
Gear down
Landing flap set
Landing checklist complete
Power setting
If these conditions are not met, the missed approach must be carried out.
Once established on the glidepath, aircraft must not deviate more than one dot
on localiser or glidepath.
A non-precision approach must be flown within 5 degrees of published inbound
course.
p.30

It has been proven that closing the throttles whilst flaring on the Q400 will cause
a violent touchdown. Power will be needed throughout the flare until main
wheels touch down, at which point FLIGHT IDLE should be used. Check
PROPELLER GROUND RANGE advisories illuminate.
Do not flare too high and do not forget that a missed approach is always an
option, even at very low heights.
On nose gear touchdown, power levers into DISC. Check SPOILERS advisory
lights illuminate.
At 60 kts, engage control locks.
Reverse thrust is certainly not to be used in ordinary circumstances, as placing
power levers into DISC will provide enough drag for deceleration. In emergency
situations, however, reverse thrust can be used to slow the aircraft as quickly as
possible.
LANDING CHECKLIST
LANDING GEAR..........................................DOWN 3 GREENS
CONDITION LEVERS..................................MAX
Select MAX. If using reduced NP, select RDC NP before selecting MAX.
BLEEDS......................................................AS RQD
Usually ON/MIN.
FLAPS........................................................___ SET
CHECKLIST COMPLETE
For diagrams of specific approach types, refer to pilot library page on the VBEE
website.

p.31

GO-AROUND
Go-arounds can be tricky in this aircraft, so it is important to review the missed
approach procedure thoroughly before commencing the approach. It should be
completed smoothly and carefully, without huge pitch changes or violent control
movements.
To initiate a go-around, press the go-around switches on the power levers. This
sets the flight director bars to a pitch of 9 degrees nose up.
Smoothly apply full power and retract the flaps by one stage.
At confirmation of positive rate of climb, select the landing gear up.
Select heading and ALTSEL.
DO NOT exceed flap limiting speeds.
At acceleration altitude, select Flaps Zero, autopilot, Bleeds On/Norm and set
Climb Power to 900.
Carry out the AFTER TAKEOFF CHECKLIST.
AFTER LANDING
As soon as aircraft leaves the runway, select anti-collision lights to RED and
landing lights OFF.
FLIGHT/TAXI switch is set to TAXI.
When appropriate, deselect fuel pumps, AUTOFEATHER and weather radar.
Retract the flaps and select MAIN BUS TIE to ON.
If reverse thrust was not used for landing, Engine #1 can be shutdown
immediately. Select #1 power lever to START & FEATHER for 30 seconds and
then to FUEL OFF. #1 bleed can then be selected OFF.
Engine shutdown will cause cautions and warnings which should be checked for
anomalies.
The OSG test should be carried out according to the procedure stipulated on the
p.32

NORMAL CHECKLIST. This only needs to be done after the last flight on
Saturday night or if requested by technical personnel.
AFTER LANDING CHECKLIST
CONTROL LOCKS...........................................................ON
LIGHTS.............................................................................SET
Anti-collision to RED, landing lights OFF.
FLAPS..............................................................................ZERO
MAIN BUS TIE..................................................................TIE
FLIGHT/TAXI.....................................................................TAXI
ICE PROTECTION............................................................OFF
Windshield heat off. All fuselage, tail, wing and propeller icing protection should
be deselected.
PITOT STATIC...................................................................OFF
This will provoke cautions which should be checked.
YAW DAMPER...................................................................OFF
WEATHER RADAR............................................................STBY
SHUTDOWN
As the aircraft approaches the stand, switch off the TAXI light. Check hydraulic
pressures and note any failures. Once parked, set EMERG BRAKE to PARK
and carry out shutdown checks.
GPU can be requested and connected once COND levers are set to
START/FEATHER.
Ensure GPU connected on ELEC SYS page and then select EXT PWR switch to
ON.
Propellers should be set to START/FEATHER for 30 seconds before selecting
FUEL OFF.
p.33

SHUTDOWN CHECKLIST
BRAKE..............................................................................SET
FUEL PUMPS...................................................................OFF
HYD PUMP & PTU CNTRL..............................................OFF
PWR/COND LEVERS...............DISC/STRT & FTHR (30 seconds)
NOSEWHEEL STEERING...............................................OFF
RADAR............................................................................OFF
TRANSPONDER/TCAS..................................................2000 SBY
ENGINE BLEEDS..........................................................OFF & MIN
APU/GPU......................................................................ON
Ensure APU started OR GPU connected.
----30 SECONDS STABILISTATION COMPLETE---COND LEVERS...........................................................FUEL OFF
PASSENGER SIGNS..................................................OFF
ANTI-COLLISION........................................................OFF
CHECKLIST COMPLETE
SECURE
When leaving the aircraft, the secure checklist should be used.
INTAKE DOORS.........................................................CLOSED
RECIRC FAN..............................................................OFF
EMERGENCY LIGHTS..............................................OFF
BATTERIES...............................................................OFF
IRS.............................................................................OFF
ANTI-SKID.................................................................OFF
Don't forget to submit the PIREP using SMARTCARS before ending the flight.
For reference to specific approach type diagrams, low visibility procedures, icing
p.34

and winter operations and abnormal procedures, see separate documents on

website (coming soon).
If there are any questions or suggestions for this document, contact the VBEE
CPO on the e-mail address located on the STAFF section of the website, or via
the forum.

p.35