GNS3 is a graphical network simulator that allows simulation of complex

networks.
To provide complete and accurate simulations, GNS3 is strongly linked
with:

Dynamips, a Cisco IOS emulator.

Dynagen, a text-based front end for Dynamips.
Qemu, a generic and open source machine emulator and virtualizer.
VirtualBox, a free and powerful virtualization software.

GNS3 is an excellent complementary tool to real labs for network

engineers, administrators and people wanting to study for certifications
such as Cisco CCNA, CCNP, CCIP and CCIE as well as Juniper JNCIA,
JNCIS and JNCIE.
It can also be used to experiment features of Cisco IOS, Juniper JunOS or
to check configurations that need to be deployed later on real routers.
Thanks to VirtualBox integration, now even system engineers and
administrators can take advantage of GNS3 to make labs and study for
Redhat (RHCE, RHCT), Microsoft (MSCE, MSCA), Novell (CLP) and many
other vendor certifications.
This project is an open source, free program that may be used on multiple
operating systems, including Windows, Linux, and MacOS X.
Features overview

Design of high quality and complex network topologies.

Emulation of many Cisco IOS router platforms, IPS, PIX and ASA
firewalls, JunOS.
Simulation of simple Ethernet, ATM and Frame Relay switches.
Connection of the simulated network to the real world!
Packet capture using Wireshark.

INSTALLING GNS3
Step 1 Download GNS3
The easiest way to install GNS3 in a Windows environment is to download
the all-in-one version. The file is a little under 16 MB in size and will take
less than a minute to download on a DSL or cable connection. Dial-up
connections will take somewhat longer.
Step 2 Install GNS3

Find the file you download and double-click on it to begin installing GNS3.
The GNS3 Setup Wizard will begin. Everything else is a matter of clicking
on next or agree buttons.
GNS3 depends on several other programs to operate. Those dependencies
include WinPCAP, Dynamips and Qemu and these components along with
GNS3 are all chosen by default for installation. The default location to
install GNS3 is also chosen for you.
Moreover note that if needed, WinPcap Setup Wizard will be launched for
you to install it, this dependency is required for GNS3 to communicate
with real networks through a physical network internal controller. The
installation for WinPcap will begin. However, if you have a previous
version of WinPcap on your computer, the wizard will ask to remove the
older version and will then install the newer version.
You
have
now
completed
the
installation
of
GNS3.
Click
the Start button,All Programs, GNS3, and then choose GNS3 out of the
list of applications installed. Youll see the main GNS3 window. Well

discuss its panes in a later step, but first we have to configure the
location for a Cisco IOS.
Step 3 Defining Cisco IOS files

As mentioned earlier,
you must provide your own Cisco IOS to use with GNS3 due to licensing
issues. GNS3 is meant to be used in a lab environment for testing and
learning. Once you have obtained your own copy of a Cisco IOS for one of
the supported platforms, you are ready to continue. Supported platforms
are Cisco 7200, 3600 series (3620, 3640 and 3660), 3700 series (3725,
3745) and 2600 series (2610 to 2650XM, 2691).
On the Edit menu, choose IOS image and hypervisors. Then under
the IOS Images tab, click and then find your Cisco IOS file and
click Open. The file will appear as your Image file. Next, click the dropdown arrow next toPlatform and choose the platform that corresponds to
your IOS file.
Now click the drop-down arrow next to Model and choose the model
corresponding to your IOS file. For now, well accept the default values
that remain. However, there is a very important value called the IDLE PC
value that we will want to include. Well get to that later. Click
the Savebutton and then the Close button. This will return you to the
default GNS3 window. Its time to create our very first simple topology.

First Network Topology

R1, R2, R3,R6: Routers respectively

Configuring The routers

CISCO Router Models:
Various CISCO Router Models are:

Cisco 7600 Series Routers

Cisco 7200 Series Routers
Cisco 3900 Series Integrated Services Router
Cisco 3800 Series Integrated Services Router
Cisco 2900 Series Integrated Services Router
Cisco 2800 Series Integrated Services Router
Cisco 1900 Series Integrated Services Router

Cisco Router IOS

Cisco IOS (originally Internetwork Operating System) is software used on most
Cisco Systems routers and current Cisco network switches. (Earlier switches ran
CatOS.) IOS is a package of routing, switching, internetworking and
telecommunications functions integrated into a multitasking operating system.
The IOS command line interface provides a fixed set of multiple-word commands.
The set available is determined by the "mode" and the privilege level of the current
user. "Global configuration mode" provides commands to change the system's
configuration, and "interface configuration mode" provides commands to change the
configuration of a specific interface. All commands are assigned a privilege level,
from 0 to 15, and can only be accessed by users with the necessary privilege.
Through the CLI, the commands available to each privilege level can be defined.

These are some important things that the Cisco router IOS software is responsible
for:

Carrying network protocols and functions

Connecting high-speed traffic between devices
Adding security to control access and stop unauthorized network use
Providing scalability for ease of network growth and redundancy

Cisco Router Hostname Setup

Cisco Router Auxiliary, Console and Telnet Passwords

Setup
There are five passwords used to secure your Cisco routers: console, auxiliary,
telnet (VTY), enable password, and enable secret.

Cisco Router Auxiliary Password Setup

To configure the auxiliary password, go into global configuration mode and type line
aux ?.You can see here that you only get a choice of 00.
Router#config t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with
CNTL/Z.
//Router(config)#line aux ?
//<0-0> First Line number
Router(config)#line aux 0
Router(config-line)#password admin(admin is the password)
Router(config-line)#login

Cisco Router Console Password Setup

To set the console password, use the line console 0 command.
Router(config-line)#line console ?
% Unrecognized command
Router(config-line)#exit
Router(config)#line console ?
<0-0> First Line number
Router(config)#line console 0
Router(config-line)# password admin1
Router(config-line)# login

Cisco Router Telnet Password Setup

To set the user-mode password for Telnet access into the router, use the line vty
command. Routers that arent running the Enterprise edition of the Cisco IOS default
to five VTY lines, 0 through 4. But if you have the Enterprise edition, youll have
significantly more. The best way to find out how many lines you have is to use that
question mark
Router(config-line)#line vty 0 ?
<1-4> Last Line Number

Router(config-line)#line vty 0 4
Router(config-line)# password admin2
Router(config-line)# login

Cisco Router Configuration Commands

Requirement

Cisco Command

Set a console password to

cisco

Router(config)#line con 0
Router(config-line)#password cisco
Router(config-line)#login

Set a telnet password

Router(config)#line vty 0 4
Router(config-line)#password cisco
Router(config-line)#login

Stop console timing out

Router(config)#line con 0
Router(config-line)#exec-timeout 0 0

Set the enable password

to cisco

Router(config)#enable password cisco

Set the enable secret

password to peter.
This password overrides
the enable password
and is encypted within the
config file

Router(config)#enable secret peter

Router(config)->router(configif)=command #interface fastethernet
0/0

Enable an interface

Router(config-if)#no shutdown

To disable an interface

Router(config-if)#shutdown

To add an IP address to a
interface

Router(config-if)#ip addr 10.1.1.1

255.255.255.0

Cisco Router Show Commands

View version information

show version

View current configuration

(DRAM)

show running-config

View startup configuration

(NVRAM)

show startup-config

Show IOS file and flash

space

show flash

Shows all logs that the

router has in its memory

show log

Cisco Router Basic Operations

Enable

Enter privileged mode

Return to user mode from

privileged

Disable

Exit Router

Logout or exit or quit

Recall last command

up arrow or <Ctrl-P>

Recall next command

down arrow or <Ctrl-N>

Suspend or abort

<Shift> and

Refresh screen output

<Ctrl-R>

Complete Command

TAB

<Ctrl> and 6 then x

Setting Up Banners on Cisco Router

There are four types of banners available in Cisco Routers:
exec process creation banner
incoming terminal line banner
login banner
message of the day banner
Router(config)#banner ?
LINE c banner-text c, where c is a delimiting character
exec Set EXEC process creation banner
incoming Set incoming terminal line banner
login Set login banner
motd Set Message of the Day banner
Message of the day (MOTD) is the most extensively used banner. It gives a
message to every person dialing into or connecting to the router via Telnet or
auxiliary port, or even through a console port as seen here:
Router(config)#banner motd ?
LINE c banner-text c, where c is a delimiting character
Router(config)#banner motd #
Enter TEXT message. End with the character #.
$ Type your motd banner here.
#
Router(config)#^Z
Router#
00:25:12: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by
console
Router#exit
Router con0 is now available
Press RETURN to get started.

For example, a banner can be set on one line as shown:

Router(config)#banner motd x Unauthorized access
prohibited! x

Set the time on a Cisco router manually

Setting the internal clock in a Cisco router allows timestamping of logging information
which makes troubleshooting much easier. If you do not have an NTP server
running, you can set the time manually with a simple command.

To set the time, use this command in enable mode (not configuration mode):
Router# clock set 22:10:35 June 20 2012

The time is in 24 hour mode. To see the information about the clock settings,
use:
Router# show clock detail 22:56:07.136 PDT Wed Jun 20 2012
Time source is user configuration

This will show the current date and time and the source of the time
configuration (in this case showing that the time was manually set).

Configuration of the interface of the Cisco Routers

The f0/0 denotes the interface of the router,Where f denotes fast Ethernet.
Firstly each interface is assigned an ip address along with a subnet mask
The command that facilitates the desired is :
Raveena(config-line)#int f0/0
Raveena(config-if)#ip addr 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
Lastly the command no shutdown, changes the state of the router to
up.
Raveena(config-if)#no shutdown

The communication between interfaces

This calls for the use of the very famous and useful command called the ping
command .
Ping is a computer network administration utility used to test the reachability of
a host on an Internet Protocol (IP) network and to measure the round-trip time for
messages sent from the originating host to a destination computer
So we begin by pinging the router itself , to see whether its up or not.
The following screenshot depicts the command and its aftereffect

.
When pinging to the other node r2 in the same network i.e connected to the same
interface the delivery ratio was 0.8