Explicacin De Comparativos y Superlativos En

Ingls
Existen tres grados de comparacin para los adjetivos en
ingls, el grado positivo, comparativo y superlativo.
Estos tipos de comparacin nos ayudan a comprobar,
verificar y contrastar dos o ms sustantivos, por ejemplo:

expensive

COMPARATIVE
Comparativo

Strange
Extrao

Stranger
than The Strangest
ms extrao que el ms extrao

Fast
rpido

Faster
ms
rpido

The Fastest
que el
ms
rpido

Hard
duro

Harder
ms
duro

The Hardest
que el
ms
duro

Cheap
barato

Cheaper
ms
barato

The Cheapest
que el
ms
barato

Cold
fro

Colder
ms

The Coldest
que el
ms

Large
largo

Larger
ms
largo

The Largest
que el
ms
largo

fro

SUPERLATIVE
Superlativo

fro

POSITIVE

Chicken
is
El pollo es caro

COMPARATIVE

Pork is more expensive than chicken

El puerco es ms caro que el pollo

Small
pequeo

Smaller
ms pequeo

The Smallest
que el ms pequeo

SUPERLATIVE

Lobster is the most expensive

La langosta es la ms cara de todas

High
alto

Higher
ms

The Highest
que el
ms

POSITIVE

The
chain
La cadena es larga

Loud
fuerte

Louder
ms fuerte que

COMPARATIVE

The chain is longer than rope

La cadena es ms larga que la
cuerda

SUPERLATIVE

The
chain
is
the
La cadena es la ms larga

is

long

2.

longest

Como se puede notar el grado positivo no presenta

dificultad alguna, mientras que los grados comparativos
y superlativos contienen ciertas diferencias entre si, las
cuales sern aclaradas a continuacin:
REGLAS
ADJETIVOS
SUPERLATIVOS
1.

POSITIVE
Positivo

COMPARATIVOS

La mayora de los adjetivos que contienen solo una silaba

pueden aadirse al final las letras "er" o "est" ya sean
para comparativos o superlativos respectivamente.
Pero cuando los adjetivos terminan en la letra "e" solo se
aade las letras "r" o "st" para comparativos y
superlativos
respectivamente.
Adems
que
los
superlativos siempre usan la palabra "the" antes del
sustantivo.

alto

alto

The Loudest
el ms fuerte

Hay otros
adjetivos en
los
que hay
que
aadir otra consonante antes de aadir"er" o
"est"
para
comparativos
y
superlativos
respectivamente.
POSITIVE
Positivo

COMPARATIVE
Comparativo

SUPERLATIVE
Superlativo

Hot
caliente

Hotter
than The Hottest
ms caliente que la ms caliente

Fat
gordo

Fatter
ms
gordo

than The Fattest

que el
ms
gordo

Sad
triste

Sadder
ms
triste

than The Saddest

que el
ms
triste

Red
rojo

Redder
ms
rojo

than The Reddest

que el
ms
rojo

Big
grande

Bigger
than The Biggest
ms
grande
que la ms grande

Wet
hmedo

Wetter
than The Wettest
ms hmedo que el ms hmedo

Thin
delgado
3.

4.

5.

POSITIVE
Positivo

Thinner
than The Thinnest
ms delgado que
el ms delgado

Para los adjetivos que tienen una silaba y que

terminan "w" "x" o "y" se aade "er" y "est" para
comparativos y superlativos respectivamente.

Difficult
difcil

POSITIVE
Positivo

COMPARATIVE
Comparativo

Low
bajo

Lower
ms

New
nuevo

Newer
than The Newest
ms
nuevo
que el
ms
nuevo

Pleasant
agradable

Slow
lento

Slower
ms
lento

than The Slowest

que el
ms
lento

Important
importante

Gray
gris

Grayer
ms gris que

than The Grayest

el ms gris

Crowded
concurrido

bajo

SUPERLATIVE
Superlativo

than The Lowest

que el
ms

Polluted
contaminad
o

bajo

Modern
moderno

Para los adjetivos que tienen dos silabas y que

terminan en "y" se les aade "er" y "est" para
comparativos y superlativos respectivamente.
Pero la letra "y" debe ser cambiada por la letra
"i".
POSITIVE
Positivo

COMPARATIVE
Comparativo

Busy
ocupado

Busier
than The Busiest
ms ocupado que el ms ocupado

Early
temprano

Earlier
than The Earliest
ms temprano que el ms temprano

Noisy
ruidoso

Noisier
than The Noisiest
ms
ruidoso
que el
ms
ruidoso

Dirty
sucio

Dirtier
ms
sucio

Friendly
amistoso

Friendlier
than The Friendliest
ms amistoso que el ms amistoso

Hungry
hambriento

Hungrier
than The Hungriest
ms hambriento que el ms hambriento

Delicious
delicioso

SUPERLATIVE
Superlativo

than The Dirtiest

que el
ms
sucio

Todos los otros adjetivos que tienen ms de dos

slabas utilizan las palabras "more" y "the most"
para
comparativos
y
superlativos
respectivamente.

Dangerous
peligroso
Expensive
caro

6.

COMPARATIVE
Comparativo

More Difficult than

ms
difcil
que

SUPERLATIVE
Superlativo

The
most Difficult
el
ms
difci

The
most Polluted
More Polluted than
el
m
ms
contaminado
contaminado
que

The
More Pleasant than
most Pleasant
ms agradable que
el ms agradable

More Important tha

The
n
most Important
ms importante que
el ms importante

More Crowded than

The
ms concurrido que
most Crowded
el ms concurrido
More Modern than
ms moderno que
The most Modern
el ms moderno
More Delicious than
ms delicioso que
The
most Delicious
More Dangerous tha
el ms delicioso
n
ms peligroso que
The
most Dangerous
More Expensive tha
el ms peligroso
n
ms caro que
The
most Expensive
el ms caro

Y por ultimo existen los adjetivos con forma

irregular para comparativos y superlativos.
POSITIVE
Positivo

COMPARATIVE
Comparativo

Good
bueno

Better
ms

Bad
malo

Worse
ms malo

SUPERLATIVE
Superlativo

The
bueno el
The
el peor

Forming regular comparatives and superlatives

1. We use comparatives to compare two things or
two people. (e.g She is taller than her husband.)
2. Superlatives are used, however, to compare to
show the difference between more than two

bes
mejo

wors

things or more than two people. (e.g Paris is the

biggest city in France)
3. To form comparatives and superlatives you need
to know the number of syllables in the
adjective.Syllables are like "sound beats".
For instance:

"find" contains one syllable,

but "finding" contains two find and ing.

The rules to form comparatives and superlatives:
1. One syllable adjective ending in a silent 'e' nice

Comparative add 'r' nicer

Superlative add 'st' nicest

2. One syllable adjective ending in one vowel and one
consonant big

Comparative the consonant is doubled and 'er'

is added bigger

Superlative the consonant is doubled and 'est'

is addedbiggest
3. One syllable adjective ending in more than one
consonant or more than a vowel high, cheap

Comparative 'er' is added higher, cheaper

Superlative

'est
is
added
highest, cheapest
4. A two syllable adjective ending in 'y' happy

Comparative 'y' becomes 'i' and 'er' is added

happier

Superlative 'y' becomes 'i' and 'est' is added

happiest
5. Tow syllable or more adjectives without 'y' at the
end exciting

Comparative more
+
the
adjective
+
than more exciting than

Superlative more
+
the
adjective
+
than the most exciting
ExamplesG:

The Nile River is longer and more famous

than the Thames.

Egypt is much hotter than Sweden.

Everest is the highest mountain in the world.

This is one of the most exciting films I have

ever seen.

Peter (6 years old)

Charley (5 months old)

Peter
is older than
Charley is younger than Peter.

Charley.

Irregular comparatives and superlatives

Adjectives

Comparatives

Superlatives

bad

worse

worst

far(distance)

farther

farthest

far(extent)

further

furthest

good

better

best

little

less

least

many

more

most

much

more

most

How to use comparatives and superlatives

Comparatives

Superlatives

Comparatives
are Superlatives are used to
used to compare compare more than two
two things or two things or two people.
people:
Superlative
sentences
Alan is taller than usually
use
'the':
John.
Alan
is
the
most
intelligent.
Similarities
To express similarities use the following structure:
... as + adjective + as ...
Examples:

Mike is as intelligent as Nancy.

Larry is as popular as Oprah