TRIGENERATION SOLUTIONS

FOR AIRPORTS
 POWERFUL.

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CRUCIAL.

Airport safety relies on a dependable and steady power supply. Reliable

emergency power that is not dependent on the public grid, is a necessity.
Power production on site provides independence from unreliable
grids and reduces or eliminates the risk of blackouts and other supply
disturbances. With Wärtsilä gas power, an airport can guarantee that the
landing runway lighting is switched on within seconds of a public mains
system failure and that all airport services continue without hazard or
inconvenience to passengers or personnel.
But why settle for a costly emergency system, if you can turn a
necessity into profit? With a Wärtsilä power plant you can.
3D view of a typical CHP plant design with a
common engine hall and all needed ancilliary
spaces. Pre-engineered and pre-tested modules
minimize construction time on site and maximize
availability and reliability.

FLEXIBLE, ECONOMICAL AND RELIABLE
With a Wärtsilä power plant you can power
up the entire airport. It is a proven, cost-
effective alternative for a continuous supply of
the electricity, heating and cooling needed at
airports all year round.
A reciprocating engine is the most efficient
means today of converting liquid or gaseous
fuels into energy. Wärtsilä power stations are
based on multi-unit installations of gas engines
or dual-fuel engines using light or heavy fuel
oils as back-up fuel.
You can choose to build up the plant
gradually and optimize the investment and the
size of the plant during the years to come by
adding on more gensets according to demand.
Fast delivery and stepwise expansion enables
rapid profit generation and involves smaller
investment risks.
Furthermore, a multi-unit installation
guarantees excellent operational reliability.
Gensets can easily be taken in and out of
operation in accordance with varying load
requirements. Single large units are not
achieving the same level of availability or adapt
as flexibly to actual demand.
When service or repairs are due, the
work are carried out on-site in non-critical
hours, one unit at a time – without expensive
transport to supplier’s factory or production
downtime.
TOUGH AND ROBUST
Compared to conventional solutions, a gas
engine power plant is virtually immune to
ageing. The engines will run with optimum
performance from overhaul to overhaul. With
64,000 actual running hours before the first
major overhaul, Wärtsilä gas engines are
tougher than most.
Wärtsilä gas power offers unfaltering
performance even in challenging conditions.
While stifling heat, dryness and high altitudes
significantly weaken the performance of a
single large unit, gas engines keep on running.
The robust design of the plant makes
Wärtsilä gas power an excellent choice even in
earthquake-sensitive areas.
Because the gas pressure requirement in
Wärtsilä gas engines is as low as 4.5 bar, no
high pressure gas supply is required and the
engines will also cope with a gas supply that
suffers interruptions.
LEAN, CLEAN AND QUIET
A Wärtsilä gas power plant situated in the midst
of the airport grounds is a considerate and
responsible neighbour: clean, lean and quiet.
Due to the unbeatable electrical efficiency
throughout the load range, the CO2 emissions
are very low. Combined heat and power
solutions minimize emissions and will easily
comply with the most stringent regulations.
In cogeneration or trigeneration, no cooling
of the engines is needed  as the heat from the
process is taken into profitable use.

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“Ladies and Gentlemen!  All passengers,
please be prepared to enjoy a reliable
power supply and pleasant thermal comfort
during your stay here. Have a nice trip and
welcome again.”
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Wärtsilä is becoming a major supplier of power
generation technology for airports, especially
in trigeneration applications – the continuous
supply of electricity, heating and cooling.
Trigeneration is cogeneration taken one
step further by including a absorbtion chiller.
The inclusion of chillers starts to pay off
as soon as there are periods when not all
the heat can be used directly for heating
purposes or when there is a use for chilled
water or air instead. Trigeneration is used for
air conditioning, for heating during winter and
cooling during summer. It can also be used
for heating in one area and cooling in another
area.
The concept is based on the joint need
for heat and cold water in order to maximize
the total efficiency of the plant. A power
plant located close to the consumer has
lower electricity distribution losses and safer
distribution due to short distribution lines.
PERFECTLY COOL.
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR
TRIGENERATION
Flexibility in trigeneration can be improved by
using hot water and cold water storages, and
also by using the topping-up control capacity
offered by compressor chillers or direct-fired
auxiliary boilers. The running philosophy and
control strategy are of importance and should
be properly evaluated.
The optimal solution is seldom based
on a solution where the entire chilled water
capacity is produced by absorption chillers.
The absorbtion chillers take the baseload and
are topped up with cheaper electrical driven
chillers. In this way the total investment cost
for the chillers can be minimized.
ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY COMFORT
As living standards improve, demands for
better comfort tend to increase along with
greater awareness of environmental issues.
 Separate electricity and heat generation
10 MWe, heating mode
11 MWe, cooling mode

Fuel imput 23 MWf, heating mode 1 MWe,

25.3 MWf, cooling mode 10 MW e
cooling mode

5 MW c
Compressor
chiller
7.8 MW h Terminal
Boiler

Additional fuel 8.76 MWf

Total efficiency, heat mode 56%
Total efficiency, cooling mode 59%

Trigeneration: power generation, heat generation and absorption cooling.

Fuel input 23 MWf Additional fuel

10 MW e
to compr. chiller
0 MWf
Up to 5 MW
Chilling
system
Heating Terminal
system 7.8 MW h

Total efficiency, heat mode 77%

Additional fuel to aux. boilers 0 MWf
Total efficiency, cooling mode 65%

The main advantage of trigeneration is shown in this diagram. With a Wärtsilä trigeneration power plant
you will obtain the same output with considerably less fuel input than with separate power and heat
generation.

NICE AND WARM.

This leads to a more widespread use of air Electricity

conditioning, and awareness of environmental
issues calls for more efficient use of fuel.
Wärtsilä Power Plants has ready-made
MW

solutions for trigeneration which can be

easily adapted to the specific needs of the Emergency level
aviation market and delivered within tight time
schedules. Year
Engine 1 Engine 2 Purchase

Electricity 44% Recoverable heat 50% Heating and cooling

MW

Heating
Cooling Year
Losses 6%

Natural gas 100% Engine 1 Absorption chiller Boilers

Engine 2 Compressor chiller

Principal heat balance of a Wärtsilä gas engine. Trigeneration enables optimized plant operation around the year and
guarantees both airport safety and comfort in all occurring situations.
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Fast delivery, stepwise expansion, high plant
efficiency and true flexibility make Wärtsilä
power plants a sound choice in today’s cost-
conscious power market. It is the choice that
allows you to focus on the essential in your
own core business: treating your passengers
to a safe, smoothly operating airport with a
constantly enjoyable climate.
Wärtsilä is a major global provider of
decentralized power plants for utilities, IPPs,
industry and municipalities. The modular
design of the plants enables fast-track delivery
anywhere in the world, typically less than 7
months.  Prefabricated, functionally pretested
modules guarantee consistent quality and
performance and make on-site installation
simply a matter of assembling and connecting
the modules.
Wärtsilä has the resources and capabilities
needed to carry out deliveries ranging from the
supply of equipment and basic engineering to
complete turn-key projects including financing,
engineering, procurement, construction,
operation and maintenance.
You can rest assured that you have the best
possible support available when and where
you need it  - from training and online support
to service packages or plant modernization
and upgrading. Wärtsilä’s global network is on
hand 24 hours a day to ensure that your power
plant performs at its highest efficiency and
performance levels throughout its lifetime.

GLOBAL.

LINATE AIRPORT, ITALY

In June 2007, Wärtsilä and EuroPower SpA
handed over a 24 MWe trigeneration power
plant at Linate airport, Milan in Italy. The
plant has been built for Malpensa Energia
Srl, whose shareholders are the Milan airport
management company SEA Aeroporti Milano
and the Milan multi-utilities company AEM
Milano.
The trigeneration power plant is equipped
with three Wärtsilä 20V34SG gas-fuelled
generating sets, together with ancillary
equipment, exhaust heat recovery economizers
and two gas-fired boilers. The plant is located
inside Linate airport.
Operating on baseload, the plant is flexible
in operation, economically meeting the
variations in heat demand in summer and
winter for both heating and air conditioning.
The heat output of the plant is 81.7 MWth in
winter and 74.8 MWth in summer, with a year-
round electrical power output of 24 MWe.
The heat recovery system for the three
engines is designed for maximum heat
recovery for heating services and the air
conditioning of airport buildings. This full
climate control system is typically referred to
as a trigeneration installation.
The heat is delivered as superheated water
at 125°C and hot water at 70°C to the airport
buildings and to a small village close to the
airport. The plant also delivers electricity to the
Italian national grid. Normally the generating
sets run in parallel with the grid but they will
also serve as emergency sets to maintain
airport services in the event of a break in the
grid supply.
•• engines.....................3 x Wärtsilä 20V34SG
•• total electrical output................. 24000 kWe
•• total heat output. ..................... 17505 kWth
•• total efficiency................................ 80.2 %

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LOCAL.
DETROIT AIRPORT,
USA
•• engines.....................3 x Wärtsilä 18V34SG
•• total electrical output................. 16200 kWe
•• total heat output. ....................... 7300 kWth
•• total efficiency.................................... 57%
Wärtsilä’s gas power plant at the Detroit Metro
Airport supplies heat and power to its Midfield
Terminal expansion. The power plant’s owner,
Metro Energy LLC, sells excess electric energy
to the national grid.
BARAJAS AIRPORT, SPAIN
In 2003, AENA, the Spanish Airport Authority,
called for bids to supply thermal and electrical
energy for the very important Barajas airport
in Madrid under a Power Purchase Agreement
for a twenty-year period. One of the bidders,
the engineering company Sampol Ingeniería y
Obras S.A, teamed up with Wärtsilä to develop
a technically advanced, environmentally
friendly and cost-efficient trigeneration plant
that would guarantee the extremely high level
of reliability required.
Wärtsilä presented an offer based on the EPC
(Engineering, Procurement and Construction)
approach. Wärtsilä’s strong technological
support along with Sampol’s price-competitive
offer made the team the bid winner for the new
trigeneration plant.
Wärtsilä was responsible for supplying
the engineering, equipment, installation,
commissioning and start-up of six Wärtsilä
NICE AIRPORT,
FRANCE
•• engines....................... 2 x Wärtsilä 12V200
•• total electrical output................... 4600 kWe
•• total heat output. .......... no heat is produced
•• total electrical efficiency at
generator terminals, cos phi 0.8........ 38.0%
Nice airport is an emergency power plant.
No heat is produced. Total efficiency is only
electrical efficiency : 38.0%-0%, at generator
terminals, cos phi 0.8.
18V32DF dual-fuel engines and their
auxiliaries, the heat recovery boilers at the
engine’s exhaust, the engine hall ventilation
systems and the engine control system.
The 18V32DF burns natural gas as the main
fuel and light fuel oil (LFO) as the back-up
fuel. Engine emissions comply with the local
environmental laws and the design and
construction with the Spanish and European
engineering and construction standards as well
as the airport’s own stringent regulations.
The trigeneration plant generates a net electric
power of 33 MW and is connected to both
the airport’s internal grid and the public grid.
The plant provides electricity on a continuous
basis, as well as heating during the winter and
cooling during the summer.
•• engines..................... 6 x Wärtsilä 18V32DF
•• total electrical output................. 33600 kWe
•• total heat output. ..................... 24000 kWth
•• total efficiency.................................... 74%
SØNDRE STRØMFJORD AIRPORT,
GREENLAND
•• engines........................2 x Wärtsilä 6L20 +
. ..................................... 1 x Wärtsilä 9L20
•• total electrical output................... 3140 kWe
•• total heat output. ....................... 2200 kWth
•• total efficiency.................................... 73%
The plant is the only power source (baseload)
for the airport. Kangerlussuaq Airport serves
as an Atlantic emergency airport. Due to its
geographical location the airport is closed only
1 or 2 days a year because of bad weather.
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 01.2007 / Bock´s Office /
Wärtsilä enhances the business of its customers by providing them with
complete lifecycle power solutions. When creating better and environmentally
compatible technologies, Wärtsilä focuses on the marine and energy markets
with products and solutions as well as services. Through innovative products
and services, Wärtsilä sets out to be the most valued business partner of
all its customers. This is achieved by the dedication of more than 14,000
professionals manning 130 Wärtsilä locations in close to 70 countries around
the world.

WÄRTSILÄ® is a registered trademark. Copyright © 2007 Wärtsilä Corporation.