Our project is Smart Street Lighting System using low cost microcontroller,

intelligent sensors and two way GSM module with renewable solar energy.
INTRODUCTION
Objective
What is the Problem?
Streets and roads are illuminated constantly for more than 13 hours daily.
Lights will be switched on in the evening before the sun sets and they are switched
off the next day morning after there is sufficient light on the roads.
In many roads, some parts have vehicles and the rest of the parts have no vehicles,
but still consuming electrical power.
About 30% of the total electrical power of any country is consumed in lighting the
roads and the streets.
Is it possible to automatically reduce the lighting intensity of street lights for the
parts of the roads that do not have vehicles and restore full brightness once there
are some vehicles to come?
Power Consumption Estimation
Proposal
Our proposal is an intelligent system that takes decisions for luminous control
(ON/OFF/DIM) considering the light intensity during day and night
simultaneously.
The system was programmed to automatically/ manually (via GSM) turn off
during the hours of daylight and only operate during the night and heavy
raining or bad weather.
The controlling and managing of the system is based on the presence of
traffic and environmental conditions.
Logically, this system may save a large amount of the electrical power. In addition,
it may increase the lifetime of the lamps and reduce the pollutions.
Cont
LED Light Technology
Less Energy Consumption
Lifetime Of LED Street Lights
Color Rendering Index
Low Light Pollution due to Directional Light
Environment Friendly
Operating Conditions
Solar Power
Solar energy falls on the surface of the earth at a rate of 120 petawatts, (1
petawatt = 1015 watt). This means all the solar energy received from the sun
in one days can satisfied the whole worlds demand for more than 20 years.
Pakistan can make use of this freely available and widely distributed solar
energy for improving the conditions of the people living in remote areas.
In contrast to conventional fuels, its use eliminates the need for refining,
transporting and conveying fuels and power over long distances.
Harnessing the suns power is considered an attractive alternative
because it is a renewable resource, which causes no pollution.
Solar Panels
A solar panel is a set of solar photovoltaic modules electrically connected and
mounted on a supporting structure.
A photovoltaic module is a packaged, connected assembly of solar cells (having
potential 2V per cell).

Each module is rated by its DC output power and typically ranges from 100 to 320
watts.
The efficiency of a module determines the area of a module given the same rated
output - an 8% efficient 230 watt module will have twice the area of a 16% efficient
230 watt module.
Types of Solar Panel
GSM Technology
GSM
Technology
GSM standard originally described a digital, circuit-switched network
optimized for full duplex voice telephony.
This expanded over time to include data communications, first by circuitswitched transport, then by packet data transport via GPRS (General Packet
Radio Services) and EDGE (Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution or EGPRS).
The main advantage of GSM, with its good anti-privacy ability, large network
capacity, high reliability and high sensitivity, is that it can provide many data
transmission services.
GSM Module
GSM/GPRS module is used to establish communication between a computer
and a GSM-GPRS system. Global System for Mobile communication (GSM) is
an architecture used for mobile communication in most of the countries.
Global Packet Radio Service (GPRS) is an extension of GSM that enables
higher data transmission rate. GSM/GPRS module consists of a GSM/GPRS
modem assembled together with power supply circuit and communication
interfaces (like RS-232, USB, etc) for computer.
Design Architecture
PROTOTYPE
PIC18F452
Microcontroller
Solar Cell
Solar Cell Interfacing
GSM MODULE
GSM SIM900
GSM Module Interfacing
Sensors
Sensors Interfacing
LCD MODULE
LCD Interfacing
LED Modules
LED Interfacing
Working Principle
Block Diagram
Modes of Operation

Automatic
Manual
Algorithm
Traditional street lighting requires significant infrastructure and costly installation
including trenching of cabling. Power from the grid is required to utilize the lights,
causing a long-term on going cost.

Smart Street Lights eliminate grid power consumption. They are self-sustainable,
solar powered, LED lighting systems which intelligently provide light at night
without the need for external management or control.
Traditional Street Lighting
Smart Street Lighting
Smart Street Lighting Design for UCE&T,BZU.
Presenting
Types Of Lamps Used In UCET BZU
Existing Lighting Scenario
Fixture used = Energy Saver (CFL)
Power Supply= Grid Station
Total number of fixtures = 17
Installation Cost of CFLs = No. of lamps Cost of one lamp
= 17 Rs. 1300
= Rs. 22,100 /For Finding working hours per year:
Summer season has almost 7 months with 10 hrs. of night duration.
Winter season has almost 5 months with 13 hrs. of night duration.
Average working hrs. =

10+ 13
2

11

Working Hours per year = (Average working hrs. Total no. of days in a year)
=11hrs 365days
= 4015 hrs.
*all calculations are made without considering any environment losses
Cont
Fixture Wattage = 80W
Existing Energy Use (kWh) =

Existing fixture quantity fixture wattage hrs . per year

1000

17 80 4015
1000

= 5460.4 kWh.

Annual Energy Cost = kWh utility rate

= 5460.4 kWh Rs.18
= Rs. 98,287 /For Maintenance:
Life Time of CFL (working 11 hrs. daily) = 2.5 years
*all calculations are made without considering any environment losses
Alternate Lighting Solution
Fixture proposed = 60 W LED bulb (AC)
Power Supply = Existing Power Supply

kWh=

Proposed fixture quantity LED fixture wattage hrs . per year

1000

17 60 4015
1000

= 4095.3 kWh

Energy Cost=kWh utility rate=4095.3 18=Rs .73715 .4

Energy Savings=Existing Energy ( kWh ) Proposed energy ( kWh )=5460.44095.3=1365.1 kWh
Energy Cost Savings=Existing energy Cost Proposed energy cost
Rs .98287.2Rs.73715 .4=Rs .24571.8
Proposed Lighting System
Fixture proposed = 30 W LED bulb (DC)
Power supply = Solar Power
Installation Cost
For Combined Installation:
Single LED cost = Rs. 8500
Total fixture cost = No. of lamps Cost of fixture
= 17 Rs. 8500 = Rs. 144,500/Cost of a single Solar Panel (150 W) = Rs. 10,500/ We need at least 8 solar panels of 150W to energize 17 fixture
Total cost of solar panels = (No. of solar panel Cost of a single Solar Panel)
= 8 Rs. 10,500
= Rs. 84,000/Cont
Dry Battery(100 A) maintenance free = Rs. 17000/Total cost of batteries = (No. of batteries Cost of single battery)
=8 Rs. 17000
=Rs. 136,000/Cost of Cabling = 18 feet Rs. 2000(for 1 foot)
= Rs. 36000/Cost of = Rs. 7150/Total Installation Cost = Rs. 407,650 /*all calculations are made without considering any environment losses
Cont.
Energy cost of Proposed System = Rs. 0
(As we are using Solar Power so system does not have any energy cost)
For Maintenance :
Life time of LED luminaire = 22.8 years
Life time of Solar Panel = 5 years
Life time of Dry Battery = 1 year
*all calculations are made without considering any environment losses
Conclusion
As a conclusion, 100% of energy saving can be achieved through this smart
system due to the use of renewable solar energy.
Furthermore, the cost effective components including the LED module, solar
cell and low cost controller produce the better saving.
On top of that, the lifetime, better illumination and low power consumption of
LED are the other criteria for reducing the operational and maintenance cost
after installation.

Hence, it helps in further improves the energy efficiency , quality of lighting level,
puts up a very user friendly approach and could increase the power saving.