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TheCorporateGovernanceFramework

18September2012

Corporate Governance Framework

KeyInfluencers

Shareholders

OtherStakeholders
(NGO,employees,
etc)

Stock
Exchanges/Listing
Agreements

Lenders
(Bank/Depositors)

InstitutionalInvestors

Regulators(SEBI/RBI)

Press/Media

CommonGrounds:Transparency,Accountability,Fairnessand
Responsibility

TheCorporateGovernanceLessonsfromthe
FinancialCrisis
Widespreadfailure
ofriskmanagement

Boardsthatare
capableofobjective
andINDEPENDENT
judgement

Exerciseof
ShareholderRights
BasedonOECDresearchoncorporategovernanceweaknessesduringFinancialCrisis 2009
Thereviewofriskmanagement,boardpracticesandtheexerciseofshareholderrights
provideforagoodbasisbutthechallengeistoencourageandsupporteffective
implementationofthesestandards.

The Role of Board in sustainable,effectiveCorporate


Governance
Notonlycompliance
focusedbutalso
evaluateoutput
measures.

Separationof
management&
governancerights

Board Basic
responsibilitytoprovide
strategicguidance&
oversightregarding
managementdecisions,
andselecting&changing
themanagement
whenevernecessary.

Composition,its
agenda,decision
makingandabilityto
continuously
improve

Shareholder activism
Ashareinacompanyisnotonlyashareinprofitsbutalsoashareinownership.
Shareholdersmustrealizethattheiractiveparticipationinthecompanysoperations
ensuresbettermanagement,lessfraudsandbettergovernance.

VariousrightsundertheCompaniesAct,1956includingLegalProtectionsuchas:
Righttoparticipatein,andtobe
sufficientlyinformedon,
decisionsconcerning
fundamentalcorporatechanges

Opportunitytoparticipate
effectivelyandvoteingeneral
shareholdermeetings

Exerciseofownershiprightsby
allshareholders,including
institutionalinvestors,shouldbe
facilitated.

TheroleofShareholdersinCorporateGovernance
Establishingdialoguewith
themanagementonissues
thatconcernthem

Usingcorporatedemocracy
providedbylaw&
influencingthecorporate
culture

Increasinggeneral
awarenessonsocial&
humanrightsissues
concerningtheorganization

Amanagementthatknowsthatitwillbequestionedandheld
responsibleforitsactions,isalwaysonitsfeet.

Institutional shareholder activism in India a wake


up call
TheChildrensInvestment
Fund(TCI)

Withastakeofonly1.01%inCIL,forthefirsttimeinIndian
corporatehistoryaninstitutionalinvestorthreatenedtosue
individualBoardmembersofalistedentityforproposingto
sellcoaltopowercompaniesatsubsidisedprices.

In2010,SEBIcameoutwith
Foreigninstitutionalinvestorsown~18%anddomestic
guidelinesthatmandated
Indianmutualfundstoreport
institutionalinvestorsown~11%ofthetop500
theirvotingatshareholder
companies.
meetings.

Growinginstitutional
shareholdersactivism

Akzo NobelIndia:Thougheventuallypassed,thepostvote
analysisshowsifthoseinstitutionswhoAbstainedhadcast
theirvoteAgainst,itwouldhavedefeatedtheresolutionfor
amalgamationof3unlistedentitieswiththelistedentityand
setaprecedent.
VedantaRestructuring:Manyinstitutionalshareholdersare
reportedtohaveprotestedagainsttherestructuringexercise
thatsawthemergerofSesa GoaandSterlite Industries.

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