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Uplamping and Its Energy Savings for Industrial

and Office Lighting 20 Pages
DATASET MARCH 2014

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1 AUTHOR:
Nedhal Al-Tamimi
Najran University
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Nedhal A. Al-Tamimi

Uplamping and its Energy Savings for

Industrial and Office Lighting

LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing

UPLAMPING AND ITS ENERGY SAVINGS FOR

INDUSTRIAL AND OFFICE LIGHTING

BY

NEDHAL AHMED AL-TAMIMI

B. Sc Arch. Eng, M. Tech Building Automation, PhD. Energy Efficient Design
Najran University, Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

DEDICATION

To my beloved parents, my wife and my kids who always support me with their
love, patience, encouragement and constant prayers throughout the difficult times.

ii

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
All praise and thanks are due to my Lord: ALLAH for granting me the health,
knowledge,patience and wisdom to overcome all of the difficulties I have faced.
There are always special people behind the scenes, who make a significant
contribution to a task this large.
I gratefully acknowledge the contribution that Mr.B.Mallya has made to this
study and for his valuable support and advice during my training at Philips India
Ltd, New Delhi. My heartfelt appreciation goes to Mr. Milind Mantravadi, for
his unlimited support, and for cheering me from the beginning of this work.
Thanks are also expressed to Mr. Rajiv Sinha and Mr. Sanjay Tiwari who
helped at the early stage of writing this book. I also wish to thank all Philips people
at North Region for the facilities offered.

The final and most important thanks go to my Indian friends, who reflect
that how Indian people are great and helpful, I am particularly grateful to Deepak

Kumar for his assistance throughout the project. Nevertheless, I remain solely
responsible for any errors in the content.

Nedhal Ahmed Al-Tamimi

naaltamimi@nu.edu.sa

iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS
DEDICATION..ii
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS........iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS.........iv
LIST OF FIGURES....viii
LIST OF TABLES.x
ABSTRACT....xii
OBJECTIVE....xx

CHAPTER 1 .
ENERGY CONSERVATION IN LIGHTING SECTOR
1.1.

Indian Energy Situation in a Global Context .............................................. 2

1.2.

Electricity Use in Indian Buildings ............................................................. 3

1.3.

Energy Efficient Lighting ........................................................................... 4

1.4.

How to Save Lighting Energy..................................................................... 6

CHAPTER 2 .
PRINCIPLES OF LIGHTING TECHNOLOGY
2.1.

Lamps ....................................................................................................... 10
2.1.1. Lamps Criteria .............................................................................. 10
2.1.1.1. Efficacy

10

2.1.1.2. Rated Lamp Life

11

2.1.1.3. Lamp Lumen Depreciation

12

2.1.1.4. Colour

13

2.1.2. Types of Lamps............................................................................. 14

2.2.

2.1.2.1. Fluorescent Lamps

14

2.1.2.2. Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFL)

15

Ballast ........................................................................................................ 16
2.2.1. Basic Performance Criteria ........................................................... 16
2.2.1.1. Ballast Factor (BF)
iv

17

2.2.1.2. Power Factor (PF)

17

2.2.1.3. Total Harmonic Distortion (THD)

17

2.2.1.4. Minimum Starting Temperature

17

2.2.1.5. Distance Between Lamp and Ballast

17

2.2.2. Types of Ballast ............................................................................ 18

2.3.

Fixtures ...................................................................................................... 19
2.3.1. Basic Requirements ...................................................................... 19
2.3.1.1. Physically Protection

19

2.3.1.2. Lighting Distributions

20

2.3.1.3. Efficiency

24

2.3.2. Type of Luminaries ....................................................................... 24

2.4.

2.3.2.1. Tubular Fluorescent

24

2.3.2.2. Compact Fluorescent

25

Lighting Control ........................................................................................ 26

CHAPTER 3 .
UPLAMPING RECOMMENDATIONS WITH PHILIPS
3.1.

Uplamping Fluorescent Lamps ................................................................. 28

3.1.1. Uplamping from Champion T12 with Electromagnetic Ballast
to Trulite T8 with Electronic Ballast ........................................... 29
3.1.2. Uplamping from Champion T12 with Electromagnetic Ballast
to TL5 with Electronic Ballast .................................................... 32

3.2.

Uplamping incandescent lamp by compact florescent lamp .................... 36

3.3.

Uplamping from Halogen to CFL ............................................................. 39

CHAPTER 4 .
EXISTING SCENARIO AND INCLINATION TO WORLD ENERGY
EFFICIENT LIGHTING
4.1.

Names of the Visited Buildings Around Delhi ......................................... 42

4.1.1. Manesar Area: ............................................................................... 42
v

4.1.2. Gurgaon Area:............................................................................... 43

4.1.3. Noida Area .................................................................................... 43

CHAPTER 5 .
UPLAMPING PROJECTS
5.1.

Uplamping Project for Shahi Export House ............................................. 48

5.1.1. Existing Lighting System: ............................................................ 48
5.1.1.1. Type of Lamp

48

5.1.1.2. Type of Ballast

48

5.1.1.3. Type of Fixture with the Numbers

48

5.1.1.4. Lux Level

49

5.1.2. Textile Industries Lighting............................................................ 49

5.1.2.1. Brief

49

5.1.2.2. Needs

49

5.1.2.3. Lighting Solution

49

5.1.3. Proposed Lighting System ............................................................ 51

5.1.4. Final Result from Uplamping System in Shahi Export House ..... 53
5.1.4.1. Uplamp Twin Fixture Using Elec. Ballast with
Trulite, 4 Feet.
56
5.1.4.2. Uplamp Single Fixture Using Elec. Ballast with
Trulite, 4 Feet.
57
5.2.

Uplamping Project for HRDI of BHEL .................................................... 58

5.2.1. Existing Lighting System: ............................................................ 58
5.2.1.1. Type of Lamp

58

5.2.1.2. Type of Ballast

58

5.2.1.3. Type of Fixture with the Numbers

58

5.2.1.4. Lux Level

58

5.2.2. Efficient Lighting System: ............................................................ 59

5.2.2.1. Effect of Lighting Design

59

5.2.2.2. Office Lighting Requirements:

60

5.2.2.3. Recommendations:

60

vi

5.2.3. Philips Opportunities .................................................................... 61

5.2.3.1. Lamps

61

5.2.3.2. Control Gear

61

5.2.3.3. Range:

62

5.2.4. Proposed Lighting System ............................................................ 62

5.2.5. Final Result for Uplamping System ............................................. 63
5.2.5.1. Uplamping in Offices Area

63

5.2.5.2. Uplamping in Conference Rooms

71

CONCLUSION...71
REFERENCES....77
APPENDIX.80

vii

LIST OF FIGURES
TITLE

PAGE
2

Figure (3)

The largest countries used energy in the world

Electricity consumption in commercial and office
buildings.
Electricity consumption in residential buildings in India

Figure (4)

Energy consumption by sector, India 2001

Figure (5)

Cost of light

Figure (6)

Efficacy of all types of lamps

11

Figure (7)

Fluorescent lamp mortality curve

11

Figure (8)

Lumen maintenance curve.

12

Figure (9)

Colour temperature

13

Figure (10)

Colour rendering index

13

Figure (11)

Type and use of fluorescent lamps

15

Figure (12)

Type and use of CFL lamps

16

Figure (13)

Type and use of ballast

18

Figure (14)

Luminaires for outdoor applications

20

Figure (15)

Luminaires for outdoor applications

21

Figure (16)

Rotationally symmetrical

21

Figure (17)

Plane symmetry

22

Figure (18)

Symmetry

22

Figure (19)

Lighting Distribution Curves

23

Figure (20)

Types of fluorescent lamps luminaire from Philips

25

Figure (21)

Types of CFLs luminaire from Philips

25

Figure (22)

Electronic ballast and trulite lamps

32

Figure (23)

TL5 fluorescent lamp from Philips

33

Figure (25)

GLS and CFL bulb from Philips

37

Figure (1)
Figure (2)

viii

3
3

Figure (26)

Halogen and CFL bulb from Philips

39

Figure (27)

Types of building visited.

44

Figure (28)

Ways used in the lighting system in the market

45

Figure (29)

45

Figure (31)

Different types of lamps used

Different types of Philips fluorescent lamps used in visited
buildings
Plan of process area simple (Shahi Export).

Figure (32)

Unequal lighting distribution in the working area

51

Figure (33)

Existing lux level

52

Figure (34)

Existing fixture position

52

Figure (35)

Lux level with Trulite

53

Figure (36)

Proposed fixture position

53

Figure (37)

Lighting distribution in conference room

59

Figure (38)

Lighting distribution in office

59

Figure (39)

Plan of the selected office room

63

Figure (40)

Lux level in the work plane with the existing system

64

Figure (41)

Section of the office room, existing system

64

Figure (42)

Propose fixture

65

Figure (43)

Propose ballast

65

Figure (44)

Lux level in the work plane with the first solution

65

Figure (45)

Section of the office room, first solution

65

Figure (46)

Lux level in the work plane with the second solution

66

Figure (47)

Section of the office room, second solution

66

Figure (48)

Lux level in the work plane with the final solution

67

Figure (49)

Section of the office room, final solution

67

Figure (50)

Existing luminaires position and its glare effect

72

Figure (51)

Propose luminaires direction

72

Figure (30)

ix

46
51

LIST OF TABLES

TITLE

PAGE

Table (1):

Classification of general indoor lighting luminaries

23

Table (2):

Comparison between TL12 with E.M. Ballast and TL8

with E. Ballast

30

Table (3):

Total energy saving by using EB-S Elec. ballast (Single

Fixture) with Trulite 4 feet in place of Copper ballast with
Champion lamp for simple 100 fixture.

31

Table (4):

Comparison between TL12 with E.M. Ballast and TL5

with E. Ballast

33

Table (5):

Total energy saving by using EB-S Elec. ballast (Single

Fixture) with TL5 4 feet in place of copper ballast with
champion lamp for simple 100 fixture.

35

Table (6):

Comparison between GLS and CFL bulb

37

Table (7):

Total energy saving by using CFL in place of GLS bulb.

38

Table (8):

Total energy saving by using CFL in place of Halogen

bulb.

40

Table (9):

Names of the visited building in Manesar

42

Table (10):

Names of the visited building in Gurgaon

43

Table (11):

Names of the visited building in Noida

43

Table (12):

Lux level on all surfaces by existing system simulation

53

Table (13):

Results of increasing in the proposed solution

54

Table (14):

Payback calculation and percentage of energy saving for

using Electronic Ballast (Twin fixture), with Trulite in
place of the existing

56

Table (15):

Payback calculation and percentage of energy saving for

using Electronic Ballast (Single fixture), with Trulite in
place of the existing system

57

Table (16):

Recommended illumination levels for office areas and

activities

60

Table (17):

Lux level on all surfaces by simulation (existing system)

64

Table (18):

Lux level on all surfaces by simulation (first solution)

66

Table (19):

Lux level on all surfaces by simulation (second solution)

67

Table (20):

Lux level on all surfaces by simulation (final solution)

68

Table (21):

Payback calculation and percentage of energy saving for

using Electronic Ballast (Twin fixture), with TL5 in place
of the existing system

69

Table (22):

Payback calculation and percentage of energy saving for

using Electronic Ballast (Single fixture), with TL5 in place
of the existing system

70

Table (23):

Payback calculation and percentage of energy saving for

using Elect. Ballast (4 lamps fixture), with Trulite, 2feet in
place of the existing

73

Table (24):

Payback calculation and percentage of energy saving for

using CFL lamps in place of the GLS existing bulbs

74

Table (25):

Payback calculation and percentage of energy saving for

using CFL lamps in place of the existing halogen bulbs

75

xi

ABSTRACT

Lighting is one of the most important and high quality uses of electricity. Recent
advances in lighting technologies have made it possible to use the precious
electrical energy more efficiently. Illumination represents 10 - 20% of electricity
use in most countries and sometimes more in developing countries.

In India, lighting consumes around 18 % of the total power generated as

compared to 8 % in the developed countries. Thus, the energy consumed by
lighting is considerable in India. This percentage of lighting consumption is very
much more in the building doesnt use HVAC system, to reach 40-50%. Energy
conservation has received attention in India since the mid 70s. The impact of
energy conservation efforts are felt at a very low pace, as the commercial energy
consumption per capital is low in the country and efficient end use devices are
costly.

Lighting upgrades can be achieved in a variety of ways. Perhaps the most

significant way to obtain substantial energy savings and increased lighting
efficiency is to upgrade existing fluorescent lighting systems using state-of-the-art
reflector designs, as well as to engage in a uplamping program using newer ballast
technology.

In this book we will concentrate on uplamping and its energy saving for
industrial and office lighting in the building visited in Gurgaon, Manesar and
Noida around the capital of India i.e. Delhi, by discussion with the technical and
maintenance people in these buildings to know what is the existing lighting system
using, analyzes it and suggest some efficient lighting system and make simulation
if needed. I have chosen two projects as a sample, one is a garment industry and
xii

the other is office building. The result of the efficient system in both building
shows that, achieved in energy saving of 35% and 65% by uplamping fluorescent
lamps and CFL respectively, and increase in lux level by 30%.

The energy efficient lighting installations ensure that lighting is provided only
where and when it is required. This may be achieved with appropriate design to
produce uniform lighting depending on the usage of the area being lite. This can be
achieved by providing switching modes for a particular installation.

The natures of work included study of the different products, meeting clients
and do the lighting design for them after knowing their requirements. This project
includes some of the lighting projects done, and their designs done, using the
world-renowned software DIALux.

xiii

OBJECTIVE

The bjective of the project is to study the existing lighting systems in the visited
factories and office buildings in industrial areas around Delhi, (Gurgaon, ITM
Manesar and Noida), the ultimate objective is to provide better solution (high
efficient lighting systems) for lower energy consumption and cost by concentrating
on two points:
a) Increasing the lux level to reach the required standards.
b) Reduce the energy consumption for the lighting system and to decrease the
total cost of ownership for optimization of financial resources.

The objective is clearly to provide lighting to the quantity and quality standards
required, with the minimum usage of electrical energy. To meet this basic
requirement it is necessary to evaluate the equipment, techniques and services
available for both existing and proposed installations.

xiv

C
H
A
P
T
E
R

ENERGY CONSERVATION IN
(1)

LIGHTING SECTOR

CHAPTER 1.
ENERGY CONSERVATION IN LIGHTING SECTOR
Energy consumption in any country is an indicator of its industrial progress and
the standard of living of its people.

1.1.

INDIAN ENERGY SITUATION IN A GLOBAL CONTEXT

The second most populous and seventh largest country in the world, the
Republic of India is a political leader among developing nations. Energy
consumption, economic growth, and population have strong interconnections in
India. Although, Indias energy consumption has increased several times after
independence which was in keeping with planned development.
As energy plays a central role in the world development, it represents as well a
major challenge for sustainable development. India is thered country for energy
consumption on the world, after China and USA.
The electricity consumption in India is essentially in buildings and building
establishments for various uses. There was a structural change in the consumption
pattern of energy in India during the last three decades.

India
3%

China
9%

Brazil
2%
USA
25%

Other countries
61%
Figure (1): The largest countries used energy in
the world