Sg3R Metallic Bellows-Type Expansion Joint Specification and Procurement Data Sheet

Corporate Engineering Guideline: SG3R
Process Equipment
SG3R
Metallic Bellows-Type Expansion Joint Specification and
Procurement Data Sheet
Table of Contents
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
Scope...................................................................................................................................................................2
Note for INVISTA personnel ..............................................................................................................................2
General ................................................................................................................................................................2
Materials..............................................................................................................................................................3
Design .................................................................................................................................................................3
Manufacturers drawings...................................................................................................................................5
Fabrication ..........................................................................................................................................................5
Heat treatment ....................................................................................................................................................6
Inspection ...........................................................................................................................................................6
Errors and repairs ..............................................................................................................................................7
Reports and records ..........................................................................................................................................7
Marking................................................................................................................................................................8
Shipping ..............................................................................................................................................................8
List of Figures
Figure 1. Attachment detail for thin gage bellows expansion joint ............................................................................9
Document revised April 1,1990 / Document reaffirmed April 1,1990
INVISTA Confidential.
This Engineering Guide is licensed to INVISTA. Any use outside the specific project authorized in writing by INVISTA
is expressly prohibited.
Page 1 of 12
SG3R
Metallic Bellows-Type Expansion Joint Specification and Procurement Data Sheet
1.
Scope
This specification describes the design, fabrication, inspection, and shipping requirements of thingage metallic bellows-type expansion joints.
2.
Note for INVISTA personnel

2.1
Expansion joints shall be fabricated by vendors that have been approved by INVISTA
Engineering.
2.2
For assistance in specifying expansion joints, contact INVISTA Engineering.
2.3
Review of vendors drawings by INVISTA Engineering is recommended.
2.4
Material for the bellows shall be the recommendation of a INVISTA materials engineer.
Incoloy 800 per SB-409 (ASME Code, Section II) shall be used wherever possible. Stainless steel
shall be per SA-240. Austenitic stainless steel shall be avoided wherever possible because of the
possibility of chloride stress-corrosion cracking. If a material other than Incoloy 800 or stainless
steel is specified, the proper ASME or ASTM specification shall be referenced.
2.5
Internal pressure for design shall be at least the relief valve set pressure.
2.6
For noncritical applications with low pressure and temperature, nontoxic or
nonflammable fluids, or where plant shutdown would not be involved, the paragraphs pertaining to
heat treatment (8.2) and weld examination (9.3, 9.4, 9.5) may be waived.
3.
General
3.1
The bidder shall take no exception to any part of this expansion joint specification in the
original quotation. However, additional alternate quotations may be submitted.
3.2
The bidder shall fill out completely the Bellows Corrugation Data Form, page 12 and
submit it with calculations showing that the bellows meets the requirements for membrane and
bending stress resulting from internal pressure.
3.3
The manufacturer shall have a formal documented quality assurance program that is
applicable to all phases of the manufacturer.
3.4
Paragraphs of this specification which may be disregarded are listed on the Procurement
Data Sheet, page 10.
3.5
Design, fabrication, and inspection of the complete assembly shall be in accordance with
the applicable codes (ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII; ANSI B31.3, Code
for Pressure Piping; and ASME Code Case 1177), INVISTA specifications, and local regulations.
3.6
The related specifications, engineering guidelines, and codes specified herein shall be of
the latest issue.
3.7
Welding procedures and shop fabrication drawings are to be forwarded to INVISTA for
their approval prior to fabrication release.
Document reaffirmed April 1, 1990
SG3R
3.8
The fabrication, inspection, and shipping requirements of the applicable INVISTA
specifications listed on the procurement work sheet shall apply to the expansion joints fabricated
to this specification.
4.
Materials
4.1
Material requirements are specified on the procurement data sheet.
4.2
Materials shall agree with the requirements of any attached INVISTA specifications,
ASME Code Section II, SB-409 for Incoloy 800, and SA-240 for stainless steel.
4.3
Bellows material shall be of deep drawing quality and may be pickled before forming.
The material shall be straight, uniform in quality and temper, and free from visible surface
imperfections (scratches, dents, etc.) that would interfere with the performance of the bellows.
Deep drawing quality pertains to SB-409 Alloy 800 only.
5.
Design
5.1
Joints shall be designed to meet the requirements stated on the procurement data sheet
and the attachment detail, Figure 1.
5.2
An analysis for membrane and bending stresses from pressure and deflection shall be
calculated by the appropriate formulas, C-23 to C-37, of the 1980 edition of the Engineering
Guidelines of the Expansion Joint Manufacturers Association (EJMA). No modification parameters
are to be used to adjust for special vendors experience unless or until the basis for these
parameters has been reviewed and approved by INVISTA.
5.3
The stress criteria in EJMA is to be the basis for acceptable stress.
5.4
The squirm pressure calculated by the appropriate formula C-30 or C-39 must be greater
than the designed pressure. No modification parameters are to be used to adjust for vendors
experience unless or until the basis for these parameters has been reviewed and approved by
INVISTA.
5.5
The cyclic life shall be determined by Figure C21 in the 1980 edition of EJMA.
5.6
Joints shall be designed for a cyclic life of 7000 or the expected cyclic exposure in
service with a safety factor of ten, whichever is larger. Exceptions to this cycle life on
replacement joints being supplied can be authorized by INVISTA Engineering.
5.7
Design and construction of the assembly shall be such that no single corrugation is
permitted to deflect more than 90 percent of its design amount.
5.8
The bellows may be either hydraulically formed by internal pressure or mechanically
rolled or formed.
5.9
Unless otherwise specified, the bellows thickness before forming shall not be less than
0.0478 inch (18 gage) per ply for diameters greater than 12 inches. For diameters between 4
inches and 12 inches inclusive, the minimum bellows thickness shall be 0.030 inches. The
minimum thickness requirements does not apply to diameters 3 inches and less.
5.10
Hinge pins (when required) shall be provided with a lubrication groove and fitting.
SG3R
5.11
Internal sleeves (when required) shall have a minimum clearance between the bellows
and sleeve, suitable for joint operation. When placed in the vertical position with upflow, drill
sufficient holes as close as possible to the sleeve attachment weld to assure drainage.
5.12
When limit stops, shipping clips, and temporary positioning devices are included on the
joint, they shall be designed so they do not interfere with installation or removal of the joint.
5.13
All tie rods shall be ASTM A 193-B7 unless otherwise specified. Tie rods shall be
positioned on the outside of all insulation. If this is not possible, the vendors drawing shall so
indicate and the design temperature used for sizing shall be stated.
5.14
Universal expansion joint assemblies shall be so designed and constructed that
INVISTA will not have to add any structure for the support of the center spool piece and its
contents. Provide rotational restraints where tie rods pass through lugs on the center spool piece
where necessary.
5.15
The drawing shall state whether or not hinges or gimbal rings are designed to be placed
inside of insulation. If inside the insulation, the design temperature shall be stated.
5.16
Expansion joints weighing over 100 pounds and not an integral part of a pressure vessel
shall be provided with lifting lugs. Each lifting lug shall be designed to carry the entire weight of
the assembly.
5.17
Bellows that are to be welded to transition pieces shall have the additional hardware
design as shown on Figure 1.
5.18
The distance between the bellows attachment weld and the tangent line of the root of
each end convolution shall not be less than R1 t and not greater than 2-1/2 inches(seeFigure1).
5.19
All external covers shall be removable and shall have the ends closed. There shall be no
paint or galvanizing applied to either the inside or outside of the cover or cover attachments.
5.20
All tie rods or limit stop nuts acting as positioning devices shall be fixed by the addition of
cotter pins in the nuts.
5.21
There shall be no weld any closer than 3/8 inch to the bellows and transition piece
circumferential seal weld.
5.22
When drains are necessary in convolutions, the OD of the drain divided by the
convolution crest radius shall not exceed 0.7.
5.23
For expansion joints which are to be part of a piping system, the movements listed below
are for fit-up tolerances and shall be in addition to the movements on the procurement data sheet.
Type of expansion joint
Simple
1/4 in. axial

1/4 in. Iateral
0.3 angular rotation
Tied (tie rods)
1/4 in. Iateral
Hinge or gimbal
0.3 angular rotation
5.24
Expansion joints shall be designed so they will not squirm under a hydrostatic test.
SG3R
5.25
Unless otherwise noted on the procurement work sheet, tie rods are to be designed to
carry the full axial pressure force plus all thermally induced axial forces generated within the tie
rod Iength.
6.
Manufacturers drawings
6.1
Drawings shall show all principle dimensions including the end-to-end length, spool
piece length, the length and location of sleeves, number, size, and thickness of the bellows, size
and location of tie rod lugs, material and thickness of all parts, heat treatment of bellows, location
and size of welds, and forces required to move the assembly through its design limits.
6.2
Drawings shall list INVISTA plant name, purchase order number, project number,
equipment piece number (EN number), design temperature, design pressure, test pressure, and
restrictions on test pressure, jigs, anchors, etc.
6.3
The following statement shall be added to each drawing as close as possible to INVISTA
EN number:
BEFORE THIS EXPANSION JOINT IS INSTALLED, REVIEW AND COMPLY WITH THE
REQUIREMENTS OF SG3.1R
6.4
The maximum allowable pitch for safe operation (excluding fatigue consideration) shall
be stated just above the title block as follows:
MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE PITCH FOR SAFE OPERATION________________IN
7.
Fabrication
7.1
The length of the assembly shall be within 1/8 inch of that shown on the manufacturers
drawing. If flanged, the bolt holes shall straddle the centerlines within 1/16 inch.
7.2
Bellows shall have only longitudinal welds. The welds shall be made on an automatic
welding machine utilizing the gas-tungsten arc process with or without filler metal.
7.3
After welding, the longitudinal seam shall be planished to obtain a thickness difference
between the sheet and the weld that will be within the limits of ASME SA-240, and have a
smoothness equivalent to that of the bellows sheet material.
7.4
Multi-ply bellows shall have the ends sealed with resistance welds. Caution shall be
used to prevent entrapment of contaminants or moisture between the plies during forming.
7.5
Multi-ply bellows shall have a vent placed in the tangent section of the bellows. The
tangent section shall be long enough to have a coupling attached with 3/8 inch NPS standard
female pipe threads for the connection of a pressure gage. A circular hole is permitted in the
bellows strength band for attachment of this vent.
Notches for this purpose are not permitted without calculations to verify that the band strength is
sufficient.
7.6
Multi-ply bellows shall be tested for leakage for one hour with nitrogen at a test pressure
of 15 psig.
SG3R
7.7
When welding dissimilar metals, other than the attachment of the bellows to the
transition pieces, and the design temperature exceeds 300F, a pad of the same material as the
transition piece shall be welded between the dissimilar materials.
7.8
The construction in the vicinity of the bellows seal welds shall be such as to allow visual
and liquid-penetrant inspection.
8.
Heat treatment
8.1
All foreign material shall be removed from the surfaces in the areas that are to be
welded or that will be heat-treated before any heat is applied to the surfaces. This includes such
materials as dirt, grease, machining or forming lubricants, paint, marking crayons, marking inks,
label adhesives, temperature crayons or pellets, and any materials containing sulfur, lead, or
phosphorous.
8.2
Annealing shall be performed only in special applications where maximum corrosion
resistance is required. Formed or As Welded construction of thin-walled sections is acceptable
for most service conditions. Consult a materials engineer for those special cases when annealing
may be required. When annealing is specified (and indicated under Supplementary
Requirements on procurement data sheet), it shall be performed after forming of the bellows at
the following conditions and before attachment to the transition pieces.
Material
Minutes
300 Series stainless steels (SA-240)
19502000
30
Monel 400 (SB-127)
10001100
30
Inconel 600 (SB-168)
16001650
30
18001850
30
17001750
30
Inconel 825(SB-424)
17251775
30
Carpenter 20 Cb-3 (Code Case 1188)
17501825
30
Hastelloy C-276 (SB-1334)
20502100
30
8.3
The anneal in an inert atmosphere or vacuum shall be followed by forced air cooling
through the range of 1500F to 1000F in less than 3 minutes. This is for all materials listed in 8.2
except Monel 400.
8.4
9.
Bellows shall not be pickled after annealing. Discoloration will be acceptable.
Inspection
9.1
In addition to inspection performed by the vendor and required by this specification or
the ASME Code, materials and all stages of fabrication shall be subject to inspection by the
purchaser at his request.
9.2
Unless otherwise noted, expansion joints purchased by an equipment vendor shall be
inspected by INVISTA in the equipment vendors fabrication shop.
9.3
The requirements of INVISTA inspector are outlined in SG3.3R which will be furnished
upon request.
SG3R
9.4
Before forming, all longitudinal seams of bellows shall be fully examined by radiographic
methods in accordance with ASME Code for Pressure Vessels, Section VIII, and reviewed by
INVISTA inspector.
9.5
The liquid-penetrant equipment and technique shall be acceptable to INVISTA inspector.
9.6
A liquid-penetrant examination shall be performed on all bellows attachment welds after
the hydrostatic test.
9.7
All bellows, including the transition pieces, shall be hydrostatic tested for 1 hour at a test
pressure of:
Pt
1.5Pd (SaT / SaD), psig
Pd
Maximum allowable working pressure (design pressure), psig
SaT
Allowable stress at test temperature, psi
SaD
Allowable stress at design temperature, psi
9.8
Gaskets used for test purposes shall have the same dimension and compressibility, and
be the same type, as the service gaskets. When the service gasket specifications call for a spiralwound metal type, test gaskets shall be spiral wound but lower cost gaskets may be substituted.
9.9
Hydrostatic tests shall include the testing of tie rods and attachment when these are part
of the expansion joint.
9.10
There shall be no restraints placed between the bellows, with or without preset moment,
to prevent squirm during the hydrostatic test.
9.11
Material accepted by INVISTA representative at the place of manufacture, which
subsequently develops imperfections not detected at the place of manufacture, or which
subsequent tests or analysis show not to be in accordance with this specification, is subject to
rejection.
9.12
A hydrostatic test is to be performed in the vendors shop on each expansion joint,
except when it is impractical. When impractical it is the vendors responsibility to notify INVISTA of
such at the time of the quote.
10. Errors and repairs

10.1
Any defects (dents, scratches, or weld spatter) found on the bellows shall not be
removed or repaired without the approval of INVISTA.
10.2
There shall be no repairs made to the bellows longitudinal weld at any time.
11. Reports and records

Records listed below shall be kept available for examination by INVISTA inspector at his request.
1. Welding procedure specifications
2. Operators welding qualification test results
SG3R
3. Radiograph films
4. Liquid-penetrant examination report
5. Heat treatment and stress-relieving report
6. Certified mill test reports
7. The Partial Data Report, if required, shall be filled out by the vendor and signed by an
authorized ASME Code inspector. The report shall include hydrostatic test results.
12. Marking
12.1
Each joint shall have attached to some part other than the bellows, a nameplate of 300
series stainless steel bearing the following information:
Manufacturers name
Type and size of joint
Design pressure and temperature
Design movements
EN number
P. O. number
Project number and plant
12.2
When internal sleeves are included in the joint, an arrow indicating the direction of flow
shall be welded on a flange, spool piece, or tie rod assembly. Do not attach or weld the arrow on
the bellows. The direction of flow is toward the open or unwelded end of the sleeve.
13. Shipping
13.1
Temporary positioning devices (shipping bars) for holding the joint in the required
installation position during shipment and erection shall be painted yellow and tagged with
instructions for removal after installation.
13.2
At least 3 shipping bars shall be used per assembly.
13.3
If the bellows are to be installed with a preset movement, the expansion joint shall be
shipped with the movement preset and held in this position by shipping bars. The shipping bars
shall be capable of holding the expansion joint in the deformed condition during a hydrostatic test
with no other means of support against additional deformation.
13.4
Exposed machined and flange surfaces shall be coated with an easily removable rust
preventive. All exterior carbon steel parts, except bellows and machined surfaces, shall be
painted as specified on the procurement data sheet.
13.5
All openings shall be sealed and protected for shipment in accordance with the
applicable specification under 3.8.
13.6
Tie rods shall not be used for shipping bars. Nuts on tie rods are to be set and cotterkeyed before shipment.
SG3R
Figure 1.
Attachment detail for thin gage bellows expansion joint
Notes:
SG3R
1.
2.
Do not weld collar to bellows

There will be no circumferential welds in thin-walled bellows other than that shown.
_______________________________|_______________________|________________________|_______________________|____________
EN NO
DATE
PROJECT NO.
SPEC. NO.
REV. NO.
________________________|_________________________________|___________________________________|_____________________
QUANTITY
PREPARED BY
PLANT
PAGE
PROCUREMENT DATA SHEET

Joint Description:
Size________________in
End Conditions:
Welded Ends_________________, Flanged ____________________, Material____________________, Type_____________________
Pressure Class___________________________________________, Finish________________________________________________
Gaskets: Type ___________________________________________, Seating Load _______________________________________ psi
Transition Pieces: Material _________________________________, Thickness ___________________________________________ in
Bellows:
Material_______________________, No.of Plies_________________________ Insulation Thickness____________________________in
Components:
Tie Rods
Required
___________________________
Not Required
____________________________
Material
__________________________
Hinges
___________________________
____________________________
__________________________
Internal Sleeve
___________________________
____________________________
__________________________
External Cover
___________________________
____________________________
__________________________
Media:
Density __________________lb/ft2, Liquid_____________________, Solids____________________, Gas________________________
Flow:
Constant_________________, Pulsating_____________________, Shock____________________, Velocity_____________________ft/s
Pressure:
Internal__________________psig, External______________________psig , Test____________________________psig
Cycles________________________________________, Maximum Temperature_______________________________F
Movements: (see 5.23 for installation tolerances)
Axial_____________________________lb, Lateral________________________in, Rotation________________________________degree
Maximum Allowable Force:
Axial_____________________________lb, Lateral________________________in, Rotational________________________________ft-lb
INVISTA Inspection Required: Yes_______________, No______________
Partial Data Report ASME Code Case Required: Yes_______________, No______________
Applicable INVISTA Specifications:_______________________________________________ __________________________________________
Painting (Bellows and Covers Not Included ):_______________________________ __________________________________________________
Expansion joint is to be a part of a: (Piping System) (Pressure Vessel) (Heat Exchanger) ___________________
The following paragraphs of SG3R may be disregarded in this order_______________________________________________________________
Supplementary Requirements: ______________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
10
SG3R
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Inspections shall be made by:
INVISTA Engineering _______ , Other (as specified by purchaser ) ________________
11
SG3R
12

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Copyright:

Formati disponibili

Corporate Engineering Guideline: SG3R

Document revised April 1,1990 / Document reaffirmed April 1,1990

Note for INVISTA personnel

For assistance in specifying expansion joints, contact INVISTA Engineering.

Review of vendors drawings by INVISTA Engineering is recommended.

Document reaffirmed April 1, 1990

Material requirements are specified on the procurement data sheet.

The stress criteria in EJMA is to be the basis for acceptable stress.

Document reaffirmed April 1, 1990

1/4 in. axial

Tied (tie rods)

1/4 in. Iateral

0.3 angular rotation

Document reaffirmed April 1, 1990

Document reaffirmed April 1, 1990

300 Series stainless steels (SA-240)

Monel 400 (SB-127)

Inconel 600 (SB-168)

Inconel 625 (SB-443)

Inconel 800 (SB-409)

Carpenter 20 Cb-3 (Code Case 1188)

Hastelloy C-276 (SB-1334)

Bellows shall not be pickled after annealing. Discoloration will be acceptable.

Document reaffirmed April 1, 1990

The liquid-penetrant equipment and technique shall be acceptable to INVISTA inspector.

1.5Pd (SaT / SaD), psig

Maximum allowable working pressure (design pressure), psig

Allowable stress at test temperature, psi

Allowable stress at design temperature, psi

10. Errors and repairs

11. Reports and records

At least 3 shipping bars shall be used per assembly.

Attachment detail for thin gage bellows expansion joint

Do not weld collar to bellows

PROCUREMENT DATA SHEET

Document reaffirmed April 1, 1990

Document reaffirmed April 1, 1990

Document reaffirmed April 1, 1990

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