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!

TECII TIP #38


glte vJlves, se ect the pioper bofnel design for globe v?rh/es. ln
son)c rion critlcal scruiccs. threade.l bonneL glot)o vaLves are iidarqilale in smal er

joinLs in a iine, ln

sizus.

SLURRY VALVES

As in tl),a case of

Crllical seivic,.s require urloo bonnet$, bo ted bonnets and,


5ure soal honnels.

5orle cTlses, ilre$'

Dlscs a|d seats in most I obe valves can be repairecl or replaced


lnf, the valve body froii the iine.
I he so:.xlilon of tlro most

witholt

Temov

s!itable dlsc-serl deslgn is lhe key to good perfor'

nrance in throttiIrg serv]ce.

addltior

(cont.)

Lo

saving irlslallation tidD.

The$e spocial service valves are usefu in handling coarse and fine sluries, red
mud and ciiuslic alum;na liquot They are avai able in such pattelns as: angle,
thft)o way. slraight-through. tee, bayonet, 45! bayolet. and 45o anglo valves.
I hey frlnction baslcaily as other throllling valve types discussed, but are espe'
cially designed for rugged slurry service witir minirnunl fbv/ .esistance. They
may be l:0ed with speclai ailoys, such i)s nlckel, for corrosio 1 resist/lnce.

BUTTERFLY VALVES

DISC CONSTRUCTION

_.
'
I

Terlon or Coffposite Disc

Offers tight shutoff.


. Recom nendeci fcr liEht throttling in
maily services.
. Earsil)/ repiir.red.

ti.-rr,"
.'ii
l:1, '.
'

gullway or Spherical{ype Disc

When selectlng lalger


tlfosl nE !a vps us]ilg
flJilEcd ptPilrP, rorrnec_
tions. b,utterfly valves
should be considered.
Generally,buttedly
valves are valves wlth a
simpie 90') dlsc'sieln oP
eratjon. ln sorne cases
they are used as shutoff
valves, although of lering

0ressure drop through the vaive opening.

Snlall sert

suda*

breaks through

bulLd-up.

Discs can be re-marchlned-

The Usefulness of butterfly valves has increaseC wiih th-. deve oDment ol
e aslonrer iners v/ilh a wufer body, which pruvidcs a tight 6hutofT. Such lineTs
noriln ly ulilize backup rlngs in thtl body to elfectl\o y sullport the liner. This
provldes seallng of the iner a8aifst the dlscs as well as the adiacent tlanesCheok

mot

the Liner nrateilal fortemperature litnitations. Buna N is the lnost com_


natrntnLer l. notsnita?lclor.lnct!ca'\rar

Other p!a;tomeric rateria s are availabLe for hlgher tem,leratures and corrosion
re5istanoe.

Pl!g'iype Disc

Oth.f, ad!anlagcs are initial iow costs, ease of irrstal atlon and acluatior.

Wicle seat surface.

. Recomrn,^nded f(v s,.vere thrcttling


services.
. Olten avallaLl c in S.S.

t!tst.!

!g wafer valves and {langed end valves are aiso .tvailable-

BACKFLOW PREVENTION

CH

ECK

VALVES
Prevent reveEal of the directlon of llow throllgh a line.
Check va ves otfer qiliok aulornatic reitctlons to flow cllanges. The pressure of
ilowing flrid kceps ihc valve open and any .e'/ersal of{low closes it.

Needleivpe Disc
Alloy6 for nrore exact throttllng.
Good for instaunrentatron servlces.

SWING CHECK VALVES

.
'

lllinimunt resistan0_o to llorv.


L.ov/ veloai1y

services, espe'

cially iqulds.

lnfrequenl chaxge of directlon

ix backflow prevention.

Used genera lv with gate


valves because ol similar llovJ
characlorislics.

Screw-down Chcck Type


Globe va vel with screw down check
feril(es hav-- slldlng ilotlon nartween
Lhe dlsc and sler n no thilt thcy serve
is globe valves and as 0hock vaives.

il-{f ,

Y-PATTTRN SWING CHECK VALVES

.
.

Angle valves nave tle same


leatures of stem, disc afd seat ring
desigil .rs lhe globe valvo. The fund11

[breir]o i)r)h!cc$ lhc

uoward flov/.

two is thiit the fluld llow through


the argle vaive nakes e 90') tum.
These vai\7_.s ofler leSS res]Stanae
to floiv tllan a g obe vaive with an
e bow wnich ll wo(rld raplace. An
angle valve reduces the nuinber

COURTESY STOCKHAM VALVES

OKLAHOIVIA CITY
(8OO) 289"33s1

(405) 239-7301
FAX: (4O5)

232-5438

chaeclerisllcs.

45'r seal aicls in backseating


uncier lorler pressures.
. Screwed oaal desigr allolvs for
qoick and oasY renlovri ol cap lor
inteanal inspeotion.
. lvay be installed ln both
horizontal afd verlicaj lincs w;th

ANGLE VALVES

dailcnlal

Good llow

TULSA

(800) 955-1918

& FITTINGS

(918) 249-1918
FAX: (918) 249-9OL4

TECH TIP #38

(cont.)

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

LIFT CHECK VALVES

Frequent changB of dlrection.


lnCreaied flow reslsloilce.
. Pteveotioil of l);lckflow.
. Usod wilh globe and ilngle
valves L,ecause of compatillle
ilaw dlaracterlstics.

ND A-195

CostCodp6ilior BdEe

ASrM+216

...

Speclal llall check valves are


avirilablc lor siurry appLications

STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS


AAR Association

WAFER CHECK VALVES

.
.
"

of American Rallroads

ANSI Arneriean National Stafldards lnst]ilrLe


API Arnefican Petroleum lnstilutc
asTM - American SocietY for I'esting and l'/ateria]s
awWA ' Ameri0aiil !!ater Worl(s Association

Llghtcr. easicr to instai.


Quick clDSlnE at zero flow
Used with g.ate ancl blttedlY valves

FM - Associated Factory N,utual

C}115

SPECIFICAI,IONS'
IlIARINE ENGINEERING EEGULATIONS AND MATERIAL
requ'rFrnent:
by l1e t' S Coast Gt 6 d conta'1'1P 11e
,,
rc;bre ro rt r'n;'nq ve)se'\
"ruO,,rn"d
;rop
^onu,uuo
.
o''a
''p""t"n'"'
;;ffi;; ,; ;J;;.;"

"s

inoludlng tank vessels.


MILITARY SPECIFICATIONS

io"" i",ut""

aod relilted docutrlents est'lblisned

by

the Depart'

lor Isi bv nri"ld') I8cnr:ie"'


rn-nt,'t DLIclsc","*rrds.

VALVES

of the valve and tittlng's IndustrY


[4sS ' Nianufatturers Standafdization Soc]ety
uL - Llilderwriters 1...lhrato-ies
lnslitute
t,sASl - Uilited States of America Starndails

END CONNICTIONS

VALVE TERMINOLOGY

TE

I hreaded End
FE'FlanFied [nd
SE Solder End
BWE'Butt Weid Enct
SWE"Socket lveld End

Threaded Encls
'lhreadecj encls are tapped wjth ANSI Standard
fe[]?lle laper pipe tlrjeads. Threaded end valves
aftl tile leri:t oxpensive rlcl can be easiiy losialled

BB

Bolted Bonnet

UB ' t-Jnlon Bonnel

TB lhreaded tsonnet
.

Flangcd Ends

{lfi,,

" rl I

,1,;

ittl
lird

tri

F,ir r:Ed

r,,lc

rt_

L.- tr cr

[,t. I rcs1.e5UU.1,r.3'

u,,6 t'!r'1.'',1r :'lrJ

i'c Re'r''rLi u'rd

l''ri .,r l --U''enrI/(1.$''ssv

n,leJ Allj

DD - Double Dlsc
SWD - SoLi.l wedgc

D;s.

nWD Resilient Uiedge Disc


OS&Y Outside Sorew and Yoke

asseirlfileai.
media handled
tlanEeci ioints are recolnilended for heaw visrous
ln refineries and !rccess cherr;c;ll piants'

NRS NonrisingStem
RS - Rising Stem

_ Raised faoe
l!4J trlcc\n1,LJl Jo',nl

RF

Weld Euds

RII

lveliied erld sleel valves ilre reconlmended lvhere


.', 1 t. r..l^.LrJr.i .raO ll'C9\U ( 5 nla'!.r '.r)r nrCr"l
Ir.f.ledfo'oof cc'1eclio"' m' \lba
., 0.,.".,'",
naintalned over a lorg period of tilne Vaive5 aie
funiLshed I 1 eitlrer bult weld or socket v/eld ends

R:nB IJPe Jo nl

IBBNI'lron tsody, Bronze Nlounted


SB

Siiver BIazed

TC

Thrca.led cap

BC -

tjolted Car

N4 copper tllb;ng
solaler end valves are usecl \ryilh lypes K' L,
'rnd
solder ioints is
of
For many lolver pressllre Seruices l he use
meltlng?oini of
lirnltecl io nra*l,rurr of 250" because ot the low
tlre soldef-

PACKiNG
of thc
of lncking is a faotor vthidl is as lnlporlant as the selectioil
1'.il
V_.t', T,1,r.,lir..J:(rsnr E''ral'r"q'rl "''-: '!"r srrrl"oL.6'
ra Sprvr_ec llrj
purpo>Fpdctrrr. ll,5o',c{l'rIln6/1!tce5alrs(;'rorvi(rs"a
recornmend
nraiufactsrer to
to soe,tify ti e oervice !-onditions and allovr the

The solelr1ion

u;r, 1-1,
Lesi

COURTESY STOCKHAM VALVES

tite correol Dacking.

Srurou,fru*$t*trlol\l

& FITTINGS

www.federalcorP'com

TECH TIP

#38

VALVE BASIGS
CHOOSE THE RIGHT VALVE FOR THE
RIGHT JOB.

TeBrperature ilmitations oil vilrious villve rnateria s as follows:

llirngr
\iur. l{igh

Valves are tho controlling ekrment ln any fluid-haidilng systenr_ They shouliJ be
pra,perly se;ected and cared for to give the best service at the owest cost.

Stort.r p a,,d .roilr ,tp loi.


Fi-AgLrliltiiig flow or lhiott ing by chilnge of
Preventing B4.kflow
Reilevlng and regil .{ing itrcssure.

Ztltlt\

Cera*rie

liigh

Essonllaiiy va vcs haVe those prinlirry l-unctiols:

.
2.
3.
4.

{1

i'lnlrrial
Ilrfr*r:t*ry l!{*tals,

"Ii.nrp*mture {t}'i

lnL.rrtrrylfutcr

reotlon or restilctior

he secr et to Sood vJlve peifofinance is selecting the right valve for the service
required.
I

Consider Service Conditions

$ti:*h

130t)

A}lny

lIiiitl
{iri}

Carlrrr $t*cl
Llur."tile

Imn

550
45t)

11r$nre

{lrsl In:n

15*

t']Vt iilartic

kn:\llryr

-2*\)

l.,l;u'

lligh "ibmp*nitum

lti{}( }

Sl*cl,*,

lllmnze

lil soleetirrg tile valve whiaiil wil Slve the best serv;ce and. ln hrrn. keep plant
rnnintilna 1ce and operaling cost at a rilniitrutn, the follos/ing tilif,gs should be
rorsiderdd.

.d

\irr-v L,l;rr
{(.r-rr,rgi:ni{

iri

firunae. Aust*nitie
l-iurtile Lrrn,

A. Type Medium to be Handled

;1u$ieni!.kl

1.
2.
3.

$tainLl*s Steeis

Whal iquid or gas wlil the valve ha.d e?


ls lt o lrue fiuid ot does il conLalil solids'?
DoeS it remoin a iiclulcl throughout its flow or dees it vaporlze and
become a gas?rlong tlle wily? Does il qrystallllze?
ls it co(osive or erosive?

4.

ON-OFF
Ilo you need an oo-off valve. i.e., oiie that operates fully open or fully closed, nonthrolliing; a val!" witil ilinimunr rcsislance to line lloy{ Fkequent operaLion?

B. Pressure and Te&llerature


These may vary thmLrghout the handllnl syst.",nt
aeiarctlng tl ri right v,:lve irilterlil s.

afd shou d

lJe

GATE VALVES

considered in

C. Flow Consirleraiionc

1.
2.
3.

llni\

ls presslre daop cr tlcitl?


ls va vo 10 lJe tor sinrple shutoff or for thrott ing?
ls valve needed for preventlon of backflow?

D. Frequency of Operation

1.
2.

Wlil va ve lle nonnal y opeo wtth intfequent

w
#

oleration?

lf qperated freqliently, will vaive deslgn chosen piovide maxiinufrl wear?

Thc Prop(.rT\po ol Valvc

Girte

2.

GLDlle anC Ang e

5. Bilttedt:r'
6. Bnll

3. Checli

4.

Plrg

7. S

uny

Normally use Sate valves either


wlde opeo or conrpietely closed.

rm

:-i'-.-*
:,!
,1 -L
,-

Basictypesof valveswlth whrch we w:l deal on thelollowingp6Ees are


1..

Gate valves are used where lt


ls iril!rilant tlrrrt Dressilre drop
lhrough the valve is miniorai.

rl

\6/;,,--{_::l

Il
l:t

They are desiEned 10 peimit a


s1raigh1, lull and rree llow or no

flolv at all.
Service conditlons didate the
seleclion of thr nrost sultabk)
design opUons. Not only mustyou
choose the right valve type, but
also the rlght desigil optlons. On
gate val\res, the primary design
optlons are the bonnei, stem an{l
disc. A siBrplifie.l approach to

these ff0slderallons ls shown irere.

BODY BONNET CONNECTIONS


MATERIALS OF CONSTRUCTION

Aslde fronr the primary funotion of the valve (shutef{


l )..6,,....t' t.l(5j!u,r:.lpr,, .rl,r.C:

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Li\-_:jj-ll

thot|ing, etc.). oth-.r fac-

Pres\ure.lcnrperrlurernl,ngs.
Corrosionresistancerequirements.
The,m3: il och.
Physical slrock.
Lih0 stresses.
Fire hazards.

^ J;-:\
+r*!.f#,J{q

L.J..e_*-.-iJ

Lit.*ztl

ls

-l

thc prirnary serviae crllicerl or noncriti0al'?

GeneEllv noncritical seruices such as plumbinE and healing shutoffvalves aliow


'l,c r
J 1,r'Hdded bo''nc( e..l- / riJ,'( wl,p,e poss,ll A o'r s nj, ie, r1e5.

"1,

Trirls are g-anerally selected to fieet fiorrosive cond]lions ln olhea 0ases, irin)s
may be sele0ltd to solve problenrs lrcnr eroaiion or otlrr condltions.

Crllital Services, nvo ving applicatlofrs which could serouslv eadanger persons
or proirerty with piping or valve failure, call foi unicn bonnets, llolted bonrets or
oressure seai honne-ts.

COURTESY STOCKHAM VALVES

OKLAHOMA CITY

(800) 289-3331

n+-<5,ir="",X+
n-ffi5
I I r"*riv-.1 ll lotll:u"'l'll lrunr:rurlIrl.-l

SJlocial illlenlion must be givon Lo seluDllng prooer va ve ntalcrials. i1 ls otien


advlsabic lo choose thc vrive body bonnat lnalerial 1i(sl and then the trim.

(405) 239-7301
FAX: (405) 232-5438

ULJA

(8O0) 955-1918

(918) 249-1918
FAX: (918) 249-9074

& FITTINGS

347

yECt{ Tlp #38

(Gont.)

tluid flow)'

' Quick acting {90t' rotation of the 0lug 5tops


. Ease of aduatlon. 1lcnl rnilloll.rra'crlerislra o['irekpe'eJ''lJc"
. \':, Di e,', n4nv tol opel 1gc'larP'e" ooal;nF 1r3l'e

STEM CONSTRUCTION

Ailer dcternlining the

*" ,"n*j,*

efd

ro5tl

next st{:p is to
connectlons needed ior the plplng' lhe
Consider
lubrioaled or non-lubrlcalild piug valves

to eiLhttr

""lro*
these factors:

\rnlubrirlt*d

'li,rtrllllr
Rising SteFllnside Screw

.
.

rl"lt"l;qlo f

iri!., lJ[ir1li,il (uih


tiliotru abs*nrtj

Most aonlnron design.


VlsuaL;y detected oPen or ciosed.
wnen fullY open, threadS are plotected

l:t.:r:ti

Ilrii{ulll tlrl]:lli,l* l#{iDrt

i il
,LJ'
'L$":

1#* illRriiir*

,,,.,,,.

'

iilrl

{rl h,ii*6trl

""" '"'

l:\rdFr:i*il iaxtY

rrt:

Non{ising SLem{nside Screw

'

{:_Ti;Fl'}

'I

,r.

Requires minimal headroom


Packing v/ear nrirltrliTed.
tulost

BALL VALVES

cofl!etitive.

rl

,t

il

'll
21...
1 i

!
''J'
''

\.,4:n

-..1

DISC CONSTRUCTION

{t

Solid Wedge Disc

.
.
.

!l

totqrreforseating,force'
or
Tight shutofi is achieved with p!?lstomer
are
elaslomer seal rlngs' Tefiperalilres
is
which
material'
seating
Limited by the
usually syntheUc rubbei' TfE' reinforce'l
T''a or nYlon.

Ji!

rt*

Mosl wideiY used.


Can be installecl in anY Position'
lleco nmencled for stenln Service

Quiok oPerarting 90'r open{lose


Ball valvos olfer ! quick-operallng design
tiraf is sell-seilling' with dependence on

\V\! rsc o1' vil!i'c '' GcdL'ri' i, llnn/s\rrl


orr; ppt. :.r1,o1S ar - c,.irpo ro orl, v4lves.

rJ
r*l

Seals are easllY rePlaoed

Tfu{lowtLilltrroL'8hlhcLJf,"
Iir'\,r'!csh)v,'.irosl'rol'c'lnd'l CL"aOr(t
1'nd i'lg oi \'scol> 1ru d:
o u lor 51'lLtel perlliLi'P lne
U"' -ir'a'

Splil wcdge or Double Disc

""U
efd slurries.
seleaLio!l

car

"",r "i

ead to

tle

use ol 6illler end entry ot top

ellry ball v0lvos'

q^,',..'P\i.lredrL,Dlre'nel'F1''dll"OJphLulle'L;1r'Cd !''?Fcwl'''llave
i\','rpo"\j vc_ I e;\'':n irP' JriI )'alirlnc/or)'noa

,",1r,*,,;

.',
i::

Flexible Disc

{rstl'j in iire safe snualbnMetal backll0 seals enilllie ball valves to be

.-,;i
L:d

. CoBpen5ates for variable tenlperatures


on eithar side.
. Operijtes.tt lov@r lOrques.
. ljaiualiy oifored orl steol valves'

Arr't,,.rJ,.t .,lvr'vesJIFsr,,lFtrr'4\u'Fll.'rll'loll'i'P'inP\Jr\

'loslPlld(:rivF

11 I

*r.e-1r1,'1.*1o'fiJr'(lh-''l'\el'le-e"'i'rSJl':r:filLl')nlJLPto'nlll''l

t\r;s

1ling.

lH

RemoteaCtuationcanbeaccomp]ishe.irathereas]lyt]yl]a]lValvess/ithcompacl
actuatQrs ilncl fefrlote

oont('s'

PLUG VALVES

ffiffiffi

Like the 36te vaLve,

thrott

THROTTLING
t'(q rFrll noEIi'l ^'r ; r' a;$-'l fr!iu
In,otr,i rf!i \r.,-'D usFd iu-fr"s -Fu Jt 'n
(n'' O-C4'
r.'scllrr(C o.,o jI'Sl'^'SnLlOIl $
GLOBE VALVES

fllobe vaLves are used to tllloltLe efficierltl!''

5c"l'iA;<!','J

non
the plug !alve ls used prinlariiy {oI on'olf service'

in!1.
G

Tfo aflvanlaBo of ll ilg varlvca Qvcr 6al'r vtl!es are:

.
.

lolrrP o''dr'l flo!v'''t-

obe valves are also recoomended for


requiriag {requent oPeration ond

poriti!e slrutofl

n'r,,,.rr "-. ,. .t ol ,' .'d'.'l o1 o il'.


Sl trpl(J ooeriiliorl.
L:

COURTESY STOCKHAM VALVES

348

rrr

:1 or ..':lii' l (tr l"irrt I o* tn oJS\ rh'5C


vaivei pror-luoers incoasjed resistanco and
cof siderable Pressure daop'

4n..ngL

& FIfiINGS

$fiun

rntlSrrkl'(llitrltlN

www'federalcorp'com

t) 'r.)
-*l
I
-J\ #l r': --) .t
I

PICIflNG THE BIGHT C(!NTR(!T UATUE

TE
ESIE
-9=O
.Cc-=s

==

S{}$!t*F{}s B$S

,g

EA6EA

Itrstll[s*ti*$$

E"E
*E

EE '
E=EE

EEEEE'E-gE,gEE
EEEEE=EEAAA

2500

800

300

800

25,99,

2500

2500

2500

800

150

.45

2n

40

25

14

12

r5

12

I3

60

g EE
sEE
EeE E EE
OE

:',:,

300

r50

25

20

:'160ttl

;r,30,

2500

1500

l0

30

r,c

Pr

r,G

P,T

r,0

G,E

0,I

G,E

F;8

B;E

r,8

0.9

0.8

0.9

3.0

I.0

1.2

I.I

t.0

0.5

0.7'

0.s

0.G

'1.0

NA

A.:.

NA

n.l:'

I\IA

NA

NA

tltA

NA

,,s.

NA

NA

lfA

IU

IU

,[.

tv

IU

il,

IU

,:,

!U.,:

tv

NA

NA

6,I

if,

r,E

r,E

N['.:

il.

NA

NA

NA

r.0

f,G

G,T

P.

P.

NA

r,G

r,G

G,E

f,E

,rl,,,E

,,0.7

@r
:

r',
G

.P

ii

Gr'r

2.0

itA

tu

8,r

1.5'
l,NA

.I
E

.M

'.,,Q,;

HM-

'

,G

Albrevialinns:
= All-ceramic design

= Fair

NA

r,G
.:

E,E

,E

G,

G,T

G:

,,f, G

0,t

r,E

r,E

G = Good

A = Available
C

available

E=Excellent
H = High
L=Low

M=Meclium
S=Specialdesignsonly
NA = Not available Y = Yes
P=Poor

G.

.T,

G,E

r.E

trlA

:,:::::8,::

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