Tsue Ice Chiller Brochure

ICE CHILLER
Thermal Storage Units

Refrigeration
Refrigeration
Product Detail
Why Ice Storage? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J2
Construction Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J5
Selection Flexibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J6
Unit Selection-Ammonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J7
Engineering Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J9
Engineering Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J13
J12
J1
ICE CHILLER Thermal Storage Units

Low Temperature Chilled Water for: Lower First Cost, Reduced Energy, and Space Savings
Why Ice Storage?
Stored cooling, because of its lower first cost and

operating cost, is now widely recognized as an excellent
answer to the increasing cost of operating todays cooling
systems. Generating and storing cooling capacity at a
constant rate during off-peak hours results in smaller
cooling equipment being used, reducing maximum
system peak electrical demand and taking advantage of
lower, off-peak energy costs.
Ice storage, in particular, has emerged as the most

practical method of storing cooling capacity. The high
latent heat of fusion of ice permits large capacity storage
in a relatively small space, and the low melting
temperature of ice provides the cooling system with a
constant source of low temperature chilled water.
Ice storage is a proven technology that has been used for
decades in churches, dairies, breweries and theaters due
to the advantages of lower first cost, reduced energy cost
and minimum space requirements. Today with these
advantages, ice storage provides lower cost cooling on a
wider variety of process/batch cooling systems, industrial
refrigeration and comfort cooling applications.
Lower First Cost
Cooling systems using BAC ICE CHILLER Thermal

Storage Units can be installed for the same or lower first
cost than conventional instantaneous cooling systems.
This important breakthrough results from:
Smaller Refrigeration System
When designed to operate on a 24-hour basis, or when

the time available for building ice is significantly greater
than the duration of the load, a smaller refrigeration
system is required compared to a chiller sized for an
instantaneous peak load.
Smaller Electrical Equipment and Wiring
Electrical equipment and wiring costs are also lower since

the smaller mechanical equipment can reduce connected
horsepower by over 50%.
For most system requirements, these significant savings

will exceed any cost premium associated with the ice
storage equipment.
J2
Baltimore Aircoil Company
Reduced Energy Cost
With less connected horsepower, ice storage can lower

electrical demand charges by over 50%. In addition, total
annual kilowatt-hours used can be less than with a
conventional instantaneous cooling system. As an
increasing number of electric utility companies impose
rate schedules with higher peak demand charges and/or
time-of-use rates, ice storage can provide even greater
future savings in operating costs.
Space Savings
Ice has proven to be the most space efficient thermal

storage system. Since ice storage systems utilize the
latent heat of fusion, they require approximately onefourth the volume of an equivalent capacity chilled water
storage system.
Industrial Cooling
For industrial applications, stored cooling using ICE

CHILLER Thermal Storage Units provides many
opportunities for savings: smaller compressors and
likewise smaller system components and electrical
equipment; shifting or leveling of energy usage peaks;
and efficient use of equipment. Also, since ice storage
systems are sized to operate primarily at full capacity,
compressor wear from capacity adjustment is minimized,
providing maintenance savings over the life of the
compressor. Stored cooling from ICE CHILLER Thermal
Storage Units supplies consistently low temperature
water, making them appropriate for daily and/or infrequent
cooling loads in many industrial processes such as:
Bakeries
Dairies
Breweries, Wineries, Distilleries
Chemical/Plastics Manufacturers
Laboratories
Food Product Cooling
Bottling Process
Vegetable/Fruit Cooling
Suitable For: Industrial Refrigeration Process Cooling Batch Cooling

Principle of Operation
When no cooling load exists, the refrigeration system

operates to build ice on the outside surface of the coil.
This refrigeration effect is provided by feeding refrigerant
directly into the coil. To increase the heat transfer during
the ice build cycle the water is agitated by air bubbles
from a low pressure distribution system beneath the coil.
When the ice has reached design thickness, BACs
exclusive ICE-LOGIC Ice Thickness Controller sends a
signal to turn off the refrigeration system.
For a closed chilled water loop, see Figure 2. With this

system, warm return water from the load is pumped
through a heat exchanger and cooled by the ice water
circuit from the ICE CHILLER Thermal Storage Unit.
Refrigeration
The basic ice storage system includes an ICE CHILLER

Thermal Storage Unit, a refrigeration system, and ice
water pump as shown below in Figure 1.
When chilled water is required for cooling, the ice water

pump is started, and the meltout cycle begins. Warm
water returning from the load circulates through the ICE
CHILLER Thermal Storage Unit and is cooled by direct
contact with the melting ice. During this cycle, the tank
water is agitated to provide more uniform ice melting and
a constant supply water temperature of 34 to 36F .
BLOWER
Figure 1
Figure 2
...because temperature matters
J3
Energy Efficient Design
The ICE CHILLER Thermal Storage Unit coils are

designed for efficient energy use in building ice and
constant leaving water temperatures during the meltout
cycle.
J4
Compared to traditional ice builders used in the past for

industrial refrigeration, the ICE CHILLER Thermal
Storage Unit design with its smaller diameter coil circuits
and thinner ice (Figure 3) results in more evaporator
surface per ton-hour of latent storage. Ice builds to a thin
2.0 inches, which results in more than a 16% gain in
refrigeration system efficiency by permitting compressor
operation at higher suction pressures.
OTHERS
BAC
1.66" O.D. COIL
1.05" O.D. COIL

2.0"
2.5"
COIL SURFACE: 3.0 FT2/TON-HOUR

ICE SURFACE: 14.5 FT2/TON-HOUR
Figure 3
2.8 FT2/TON-HOUR
11.1 FT2/TON-HOUR
The BAC ICE CHILLER Thermal Storage Unit is

specifically designed to provide consistent 34- 36F
supply water temperatures throughout the melt cycle. Two
keys to maintaining this consistently low temperature are
an extensive ice surface area and direct contact of the
water to be cooled with the ice. As shown in Figure 3, the
unique BAC coil design provides over 30% more ice
surface than traditional designs. This provides a greater
surface area for the warm return water to come into direct
contact, making consistent cold temperatures available
throughout the entire melt cycle.
The ICE CHILLER Thermal Storage Unit is designed for

efficient operation with either of two liquid refrigerant feed
systems: gravity flooded with surge drum or pumped
recirculation. With either arrangement, liquid refrigerant is
supplied to the coils at a rate several times greater than
that required to satisfy the load. This excess flow rate
thoroughly wets the entire internal surface of the coil,
assuring high heat transfer coefficients throughout to
efficiently utilize the entire coil surface for ice building.
ICE-LOGIC ICE Thickness Controller
All BAC ICE CHILLER Thermal Storage Units are

furnished with the exclusive ICE-LOGIC ICE Thickness
Controller. This state-of-the-art controller was designed
by BAC to provide maximum operating efficiency by
enabling the operator to limit the ice build to only the
amount needed for the next cooling cycle.
The ICE-LOGIC Controller operates by sensing the

difference in the electrical resistance between water and
ice. When the desired amount of ice is built, the change in
resistance opens a control relay which typically
deactivates the refrigeration system. A series of probes
are employed, accurately positioned to detect ice
thickness corresponding to 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100
percent of design ice storage. The amount of ice required
for the next cooling cycle can be conveniently set on the
face of the control box. In addition, the ICE-LOGIC
Controller contains the necessary logic to prevent
unwanted compressor cycling after the desired ice build is
complete. The controller requires approximately 20
percent of the ice to be melted before the control relay is
activated. Lights on the face of the control panel indicate
the current status of the relay.
By building only the amount of ice needed, the operating

time for the refrigeration system and the kilowatt-hours of
energy used are kept at the lowest possible levels for
maximum system efficiency.
ICE-LOGIC Ice Thickness Controller
Construction Details
Centrifugal regenerative blower

for field mounting to supply low
pressure air for agitation of the
water. Blower is furnished with an
inline air filter, check valve and
rain shield for field installation.
Sectional insulated tank covers

are provided with a thermosetting
hybrid polymer. Covers are
interlocking and rain shedding.
6 COIL
The coil is constructed of multiple

prime surface serpentine steel
circuits and tested at 375 psig air
pressure under water. It is encased
in a steel frame, and the entire
assembly is hot-dip galvanized after
fabrication. For ammonia systems,
purge connections are provided on
each coil for oil maintenance.
5
4
6
2
EXTERIOR PANELS
Exterior panels sealed at all seams

provide a complete vapor barrier
and protect the insulation. They are
furnished with a thermosetting
hybrid polymer
2 INSULATION
7 ICE-LOGIC ICE
THICKNESS
CONTROLLER
An electronic, multi-point
adjustable ice thickness
control is mounted on the unit.
A control relay is provided for
deactivating the refrigeration
system when a full build of ice
is reached.
Refrigeration
4 AIR BLOWER
5 COVERS
8 AIR DISTRIBUTOR
Expanded polystyrene insulation is

provided between the tank and the
exterior panels. The insulation is
three inches thick (R-13) on the
tank sides and ends, two inches
thick (R-8) on the bottom and one
inch thick inside the covers.
1 TANK
The tank is constructed of heavy

gauge, hot-dip galvanized steel
reinforced with full-length structural
steel angles beneath and on all four
sides. All seams are welded to
ensure watertight construction. A
zinc rich coating is applied to all
exposed edges and welds.
Low pressure air from the air

blower is distributed below the
coils through multiple perforated
Schedule 40 PVC pipes.
J5
Selection Flexibility
Full Storage
System Design Flexibility
TSU Selection
Full Storage
2. Determine the build time, which is the number of hours

with no load that is available for ice building. If less than
ten (10) hours, consult your BAC Representative.
The system design involving an ICE CHILLER Thermal Storage

Unit can range from full storage to partial storage of the cooling load
requirements.
With full storage, the ICE CHILLER Thermal Storage Unit
generates and stores ice to handle the entire cooling load. The
refrigeration system operates to build the ice only during no-load
periods when utility rates are usually lowest. This design offers the
maximum energy cost savings, but requires the largest ice storage
capacity and refrigeration system.
Partial Storage
A partial storage system builds ice during no-load periods as with the
full storage system. However, the refrigeration system continues to
operate during the cooling load period. The compressor operation
supplements the stored cooling capacity of the ICE CHILLER
Thermal Storage Unit to satisfy the cooling requirements. Since a
portion of the cooling requirement is supplied by the refrigeration
system, a partial storage system will require less storage capacity.
Parallel Chilled Water Evaporator
The most common type of partial ice storage is the parallel

evaporator system. During the melt cycle, cooling is provided by the
refrigeration system to a separate evaporator for direct water chilling.
By using a separate evaporator, the refrigeration system gains
system efficiency from operation at higher suction pressures.
The refrigeration system will operate continuously during full design
load. At less than full load the compressor operates only as needed
to supplement the ICE CHILLER Thermal Storage Unit. When the
load is less than 50% of design, this system can operate in the full
storage mode. Systems which often operate at part load can
benefit most from a partial system with equipment sizes typically over
50% smaller than required for full storage.
For additional information on ICE CHILLER Thermal Storage Units
and their system design options consult your BAC Representative.
System Load
1. From the system load profile (figure 4) establish the required

system cooling capacity in ton-hours. This is the ton-hours
of storage required.
3. For a gravity flooded ammonia feed system, continue

the selection with the gravity flooded procedure on
page J7. For a pump recirculated ammonia feed
system, continue the selection with the pump
recirculated procedure on page J8.
Parallel Chilled Water Evaporator Partial Storage
1. From the system load profile (figure 4), establish the required
system cooling capacity in ton-hours and the number of hours
this cooling is needed.
2. Determine the cooling capacity in tons of the compressor
operating with the parallel evaporator (figure 5) during the
cooling load hours established in Step 1.
3. Multiply the cooling capacity of the compressor operating with

parallel evaporator found in Step 2 times the number of
cooling load hours found in Step 1. This gives the capacity in
ton-hours that will be handled by direct refrigeration during the
cooling period.
4. Subtract the direct cooling ton-hours found in Step 3 from the
total system cooling capacity found in Step 1. This is the
storage capacity in ton-hours that are required in ice storage.
5. Determine the build time, which is the number of hours with
the compressor dedicated to ice building. If less than (10) ten
hours, consult BAC Representative.
6. For gravity flooded ammonia feed system, continue the

selection with the gravity procedure on page J7. For a pump
recirculated ammonia feed system, continue the selection with
the pump recirculated procedure on page J8.
The system load is the amount of cooling capacity that must be

generated and stored, expressed in ton-hours or Btu. (1 ton-hour =
12,000 Btu = 83.3 pounds of ice). This load is equal to the area under
the typical system load profile curve (figure 4) shown below.
Load handled
by Stored Ice
Load handled
by Parallel
Evaporator
Figure 4
J6
Figure 5
Unit Selection Ammonia

Application Notes
2. The evaporator temperatures for each build time are

average values. During the build cycle, the temperature will
initially be about 8F above the average and gradually drop
through the cycle to about 4F below the average when full ice
is reached. Throughout the cycle the refrigeration system
should be allowed to run fully loaded. Reciprocating and rotary
screw compressors are suitable for this duty. If in doubt
about the use of a particular compressor, review the application
with the compressor manufacturer.
Selection Procedure Gravity Flooded
1. Enter Table 1 and read down the base ton-hours column to the
capacity which meets or exceeds the ton-hours of storage
required. Select either an E, F, or G series unit. (Units are
grouped by tank width in Table 1. Refer to pages J9 thru J12 for
unit dimensions.)
2. Read the selected unit from the model number column
on the left.
3. Calculate the Storage Factor for the selected unit.
Base Ton-Hours
=
Ton-Hours of Storage Required
Storage Factor
Ton-Hours of Storage Required =

Build Time (Hrs)
Compressor Tons
4. Using the Storage Factor from Step 3 and the available build
time, enter Table 2 to find the design evaporator temperature.
5. Determine the design compressor capacity in tons.
6. Using the design conditions from Steps 4 and 5, select a

compressor. (Note: The evaporator temperature must
be adjusted for the system suction line losses to arrive at the
compressor saturated suction temperature.)
7. Once the compressor has been selected, use the compressor
manufacturers heat rejection data to size a BAC Evaporative
Condenser or Cooling Tower.
EXAMPLE: Gravity Flooded Ammonia
Given:
16,700 lbs ice required storage capacity
14 hours available build time
To get Ton-Hours of storage required:
16,700 lbs ice required storage capacity

83.3 lbs ice per Ton-Hour
201 Ton-Hours
1. Enter the base ton-hours column of Table 1 and find 211 tonhours, which is the smallest value that meets or exceeds the
201 ton-hours of storage required.
2. Read to the left to find the selected model number, in this case
a TSU-230E.
3. Calculate the Storage Factor.
211 Base Ton-Hours

=
201 Ton-Hours of Storage Required
1.05
3. The capacities of all BAC ICE CHILLER Thermal Storage

Units are based on latent storage (ice) only. The temperature of
the water supplied from the storage tank for most system
designs will be 34 - 36F throughout the latent storage
discharge (melt) cycle. For specific system design
requirements, contact your BAC Representative.
4. For selections based on other refrigerants, contact your
BAC Representative.
5. These procedures assume that no system cooling load occurs

while ice is being formed. For ICE CHILLER Thermal Storage
Unit selections involving systems with continuous cooling loads
consult your BAC Representative.
4. Using the Storage Factor of 1.05 from Step 3 and the build time
of 14 hours, enter Table 2 to find the design evaporator
temperature of 19.9F.
5. Calculate the design compressor capacity.
201 Ton-Hours of Storage Required =

14 Hours Build Time
Refrigeration
1. To use the selection procedures outlined below, the ton-hours

of storage capacity required and the available build time must
first be known. For guidance on estimating these values refer to
the TSU selection on pages J6 or contact your local BAC
Representative.
14.4 Tons
6. Based on the design evaporator conditions of 14.4 tons at a

19.9F evaporator temperature (17.9F saturated suction
temperature, with 2.0F estimated suction line losses), select
an ammonia refrigerant compressor.
7. Select a BAC Evaporative Condenser or Cooling Tower to
match the compressor manufacturers heat rejection
requirements.
Table 1: Base Storage Capacity (ton-hours) For

Gravity Flooded Ammonia Feed
E-Series Units
Model
Number
TSU-125E
F-Series Units
F-Series Units
Model
Number
Base
TON-HRS
Base
TON-HRS
Model
Number
Base
TON-HRS
112
TSU-145F
128
TSU-840F
756
894
TSU-155E
137
TSU-175F
157
TSU-990F
TSU-180E
163
TSU-205F
186
TSU-1140F
1,031
TSU-210E
188
TSU-240F
215
TSU-1290F
1,169
TSU-235E
214
TSU-270F
244
TSU-1520F
1,375
TSU-190E
173
TSU-220F
197
TSU-230E
211
TSU-265F
243
TSU-280E
251
TSU-320F
288
TSU-320E
291
TSU-370F
332
TSU-940G
851
TSU-365E
331
TSU-420F
377
TSU-1110G
1,007
TSU-290E
261
TSU-330F
300
TSU-1280G
1,163
TSU-345E
310
TSU-395F
356
TSU-1450G
1,315
TSU-395E
359
TSU-455F
410
TSU-1710G
1,550
TSU-450E
408
TSU-515F
466
TSU-505E
456
TSU-580F
522
TSU-590E
536
TSU-675F
614
TSU-700E
631
TSU-800F
722
TSU-810E
729
TSU-920F
834
TSU-910E
827
TSU-1040F
947
TSU-1080E
968
TSU-1230F
1,110
G-Series Units
Model
Number
Base
TON-HRS
J7
Table 2:
Design Evaporator Temperature (F) for

Gravity Flooded Ammonia Feed
4. Using the Storage Factor of 1.10 from Step 3 and the build
time of 11 hours, enter Table 4 to find the design evaporator
temperature of 17.7 F.
Build Time (HRS)

Storage
Factor
10
11
12
13
14
1.00
14.3
15.7
17.2
18.3
19.4
1.05
15.6
16.8
18.1
19.0
19.9
1.10
16.5
17.7
18.9
19.7
20.5
1.15
17.4
18.5
19.6
20.3
21.1
1.20
18.1
19.1
20.2
20.9
21.7
1.25
18.8
19.7
20.7
21.4
22.1
1.30
19.4
20.3
21.2
21.9
22.6
NOTE: Interpolation between values is permitted, but extrapolation of

values is not.
Selection Procedure
Pump Recirculated
2. Read the selected unit from the model number column

on the left.
3. Calculate the Storage Factor for the selected unit.
Base Ton-Hours
Storage Factor
4. Using the Storage Factor from Step 3 and the available build
time, enter Table 4 to find the design evaporator temperature.
5. Determine the design compressor capacity in tons.
Compressor Tons
6. Using the design conditions from Steps 4 and 5, select a

compressor. (Note: The evaporator temperature must be
adjusted for the system suction line losses to arrive at the
compressor saturated suction temperature.)
7. Once the compressor has been selected, use the compressor

manufacturers heat rejection data to size a BAC Evaporative
Condenser or Cooling Tower.
EXAMPLE: Pump Recirculated Ammonia
Given:
700 Ton-Hours Required Storage
11 Hours Available Build Time
1. Enter the base ton-hours column of Table 3 and find 771

ton-hours, which is the smallest value that meets or exceeds
the 700 ton-hours of storage required.
2. Read to the left to find the selected model number, in this case a
TSU-800F.
3. Calculate the Storage Factor.
771 Base Ton-Hour

=
700 Ton-Hours of Storage Required
J8
6. Based on the design evaporator conditions of 63.6 tons at a

17.7 F evaporator temperature (15.7 F saturated suction
temperature, with 2.0 F estimated suction line losses), select
an ammonia refrigerant compressor.
7. Select a BAC Evaporative Condenser or Cooling Tower to
match the compressor manufacturers heat rejection
requirements.
Table 3:
Base Storage Capacity (ton-hours) for

Pump Recirculated Ammonia Feed
E-Series Units
1. Enter Table 3 and read down the base ton-hours column to

the capacity which meets or exceeds the ton-hours of
storage required. Select either an E, F, or G Series unit. (Units
are grouped by tank width in Table 3. Refer to pages J9 thru J12
for unit dimensions.

Build Time (Hrs)
5. Calculate the design compressor capacity.

700 Ton-Hours of Storage Required = 63.6 Tons
11 Hours Build Time
1.10
F-Series Units
F-Series Units
Model
Number
Base
TON-HRS
Model
Number
Base
TON-HRS
Model
Number
Base
TON-HRS
TSU-125E
121
TSU-145F
138
TSU-840F
TSU-155E
147
TSU-175F
169
TSU-990F
966
TSU-180E
175
TSU-205F
199
TSU-1140F
1,116
TSU-210E
201
TSU-240F
228
TSU-1290F
1,263
TSU-235E
227
TSU-270F
258
TSU-1520F
1,480
TSU-190E
187
TSU-220F
212
TSU-230E
227
TSU-265F
258
TSU-280E
270
TSU-320F
308
Model
Number
Base
TON-HRS
TSU-320E
311
TSU-370F
353
TSU-940G
912
TSU-365E
351
TSU-420F
399
TSU-1110G
1,076
TSU-290E
282
TSU-330F
322
TSU-1280G
1,229
TSU-345E
334
TSU-395F
381
TSU-1450G
1,378
TSU-395E
385
TSU-455F
435
TSU-1710G
1,593
TSU-450E
434
TSU-515F
492
TSU-505E
481
TSU-580F
547
TSU-590E
578
TSU-675F
660
TSU-700E
679
TSU-800F
771
TSU-810E
779
TSU-920F
886
TSU-910E
879
TSU-1040F
1,000
TSU-1080E
1,022
TSU-1230F
1,154
Table 4:
Storage
Factor
1.00
1.05
1.10
1.15
1.20
1.25
1.30
820
G-Series Units
Design Evaporator Temperature (F) for

Pump Recirculated Ammonia Feed
Build Time (HRS)
10
14.3
15.5
16.5
17.4
18.3
19.0
19.7
11
15.7
16.8
17.7
18.5
19.3
20.0
20.6
12
17.1
18.1
19.0
19.7
20.4
21.0
21.6
13
18.1
19.0
19.9
20.5
21.2
21.7
22.3
14
19.1
20.0
20.8
21.4
22.0
22.5
23.0
NOTE: Interpolation between values is permitted, but extrapolation of values

is not.
Engineering Data
Nominal 5 wide units:
Models TSU-125E to TSU-235E and TSU-145F to TSU-270F
REFRIG. CONN.
AIR INLET
SEE NOTE (4)
AIR OUTLET
+ OVERFLOW
4' 9"
7'7"
+ WATER OUT
DRAIN
+
+ WATER IN
6"
A
18"
Refrigeration
Do not use for construction. Refer to factory certified dimensions. This handbook includes data current at the time
of publication, which should be reconfirmed at the time of purchase.
W/2
W
LBS Of Ice2
Gravity
Flooded
Pump
Recirculated
Approx.
Shipping
Wgt (LBS)
Water
Volume
(GAL)
Pull Down
Volume
(GAL)
Coil
Volume
(FT3)
R-717
Charge
(LBS)5
Water
Conn
In/Out
TSU-125E
9,330
10,808
5,500
23,500
2,080
270
245
5 3-1/8 10 1 4.5
TSU-155E
11,410
12,250
6,230
TSU-180E
13,580
14,580
7,070
28,000
2,520
320
10
275
5 3-1/8 12 1 4.5
32,600
2,960
380
12
325
TSU-210E
15,660
16,740
5 3-1/8 14 1 4.5
8,090
37,400
3,400
440
13
355
5 3-1/8 16 0
TSU-235E
17,830
18,910
8,830
41,900
3,840
490
15
410
5 3-1/8 18 0
TSU-145F
TSU-175F
10,660
11,500
5,730
23,700
2,070
40
10
275
5 3-1/8 10 1 4.5
13,080
14,080
6,500
28,100
2,510
45
12
325
5 3-1/8 12 1 4.5
TSU-205F
15,490
16,580
7,370
32,800
2,950
55
13
355
5 3-1/8 14 1 4.5
TSU-240F
17,910
18,990
8,370
37,600
3,390
65
15
410
5 3-1/8 16 0
TSU-270F
20,330
21,490
9,140
42,100
3,820
70
17
460
5 3-1/8 18 0
Model
Number
Approx.
Air
Operating Wgt Pump
(LBS)
(HP)
E Series
F Series
Support
ICE CHILLER Thermal Storage Units should be continuously supported on a flat level surface.
Notes:
1. All dimensions are in feet and inches. Weights are in pounds.
2. Lbs. of Ice Capacity is based on R-717. For other refrigerants, consult your BAC Representative.
3. Dimensions showing location of connections are approximate and should not be used for prefabrication of connecting piping.
4. Dimension is installed height. Coils are capped for shipping and storage. Add 3 inches for shipping height.
5. Refrigerant charge listed is operating charge for gravity flooded system at 15F. For other feed systems, consult your BAC Representative.
J9
Engineering Data
REFRIG. CONN.
SEE NOTE (4)
AIR INLET
+ OVERFLOW
AIR OUTLET
+ WATER OUT
4' 9"
7'7"
Nominal 8 and 10 wide units:

+ DRAIN
A
+ WATER IN
6"
W/2
*18" ON TSU-190E-365E; TSU-220F-420F

*16" ON TSU-290E-505E; TSU-330F-580F
LBS Of Ice2
Model
Number
Gravity
Flooded
Pump
Recirculated
Approx.
Shipping Wgt
(LBS)
Approx.
Operating
Wgt (LBS)
Air
Pump
(HP)
Water
Volume
(GAL)
Pull Down
Volume Coil Volume
(GAL)
(FT3)
14,410
17,580
20,910
24,240
27,570
21,740
25,820
29,900
33,990
37,980
15,580
18,910
22,490
25,910
29,240
23,490
27,820
32,070
36,150
40,070
7,670
8,740
9,700
11,120
12,100
9,950
11,200
12,900
14,050
14,700
36,200
43,200
50,200
57,700
64,500
53,400
62,000
71,300
80,000
88,600
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3,300
4,000
4,700
5,400
6,100
5,040
5,920
6,800
7,080
8,550
420
510
600
700
800
640
760
860
980
1090
16,410
20,240
23,990
27,660
31,400
24,990
29,650
34,150
38,820
43,480
17,660
21,490
25,660
29,400
33,240
26,820
31,740
36,240
40,980
45,570
8,040
9,150
10,180
11,700
12,730
10,460
11,780
13,430
14,650
15,370
36,500
43,600
50,600
58,100
65,100
53,900
62,510
71,800
80,500
89,200
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3,290
3,990
4,680
5,380
6,070
5,020
5,890
6,770
7,640
8,520
60
70
90
100
110
95
110
130
140
160
R-717
Charge
(LBS)5
Water
Conn
In/Out
15
17
19
22
24
21
23
26
29
32
410
465
515
600
650
570
625
705
790
870
4
4
4
4
6
6
6
6
6
6
7 10-1/2
7 10-1/2
7 10-1/2
7 10-1/2
7 10-1/2
9 9-3/8
9 9-3/8
9 9-3/8
9 9-3/8
9 9-3/8
10 1
12 1
14 1
16 0
18 0
12 1
14 1
16 0
18 0
20 0
5
5
5
5
6
6
6
6
6
6
16
19
21
24
26
23
26
29
32
35
435
515
570
650
705
625
705
790
870
950
4
4
4
4
6
6
6
6
6
6
7 10-1/2
7 10-1/2
7 10-1/2
7 10-1/2
7 10-1/2
9 9-3/8
9 9-3/8
9 9-3/8
9 9-3/8
9 9-3/8
10 1
12 1
14 1
16 0
18 0
12 1
14 1
16 0
18 0
20 0
5
5
5
5
6
6
6
6
6
6
E Series
TSU-190E
TSU-230E
TSU-280E
TSU-320E
TSU-365E
TSU-290E
TSU-345E
TSU-395E
TSU-450E
TSU-505E
F Series
TSU-220F
TSU-265F
TSU-320F
TSU-370F
TSU-420F
TSU-330F
TSU-395F
TSU-455F
TSU-515F
TSU-580F
Support
Notes:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
J10
All dimensions are in feet and inches. Weights are in pounds.

Lbs. of Ice Capacity is based on R-717. For other refrigerants, consult your BAC Representative.
Dimensions showing location of connections are approximate and should not be used for prefabrication of connecting piping.
Dimension is installed height. Coils are capped for shipping and storage. Add 3 inches for shipping height.
Refrigerant charge listed is operating charge for gravity flooded system at 15F. For other feed systems,
Engineering Data
Nominal 10 wide units (cont.):
SEE NOTE (4)
REFRIG. CONN.
+ OVERFLOW
AIR INLET
AIR OUTLET
WATER OUT
4' 9"
7'7"
Refrigeration
Do not use for construction. Refer to factory certified dimensions. This handbook includes data current at the
time of publication, which should be reconfirmed at the time of purchase.
+ WATER IN
+ DRAIN
A
16"
6"
W/2
LBS Of Ice2
Model
Number
Gravity
Flooded
Pump
Recirculated
Approx.
Shipping Wgt
(LBS)
Approx.
Operating
Wgt (LBS)
Air
Pump
(HP)
Water
Volume
(GAL)
Pull Down
Volume
(GAL)
Coil
Volume
(FT3)
R-717
Charge
(LBS)5
Water
Conn
In/Out
44,650
52,560
60,730
68,890
80,630
48,150
56,560
64,890
73,220
85,130
18,200
20,820
24,300
26,600
30,060
106,900
124,500
144,400
160,200
186,200
3
3
5
5
5
10,240
12,030
13,790
15,540
18,180
1320
1540
1760
1990
2330
42
47
53
58
67
1140
1275
1440
1575
1820
6
6
8
8
8
9 9-3/8
9 9-3/8
9 9-3/8
9 9-3/8
9 9-3/8
23 11
27 11
31 10
35 10
41 9
6
6
7
7
7
51,150
60,140
69,470
78,891
92,460
54,980
64,220
73,800
83,300
96,130
19,240
21,960
25,380
27,820
31,460
107,900
125,600
143,700
161,300
187,500
3
3
5
5
5
10,200
11,980
13,700
15,480
18,100
190
230
260
290
340
46
52
59
65
74
1250
1410
1600
1765
2010
6
6
8
8
8
9 9-3/8
9 9-3/8
9 9-3/8
9 9-3/8
9 9-3/8
23 11
27 11
31 10
35 10
41 9
6
6
7
7
7
E Series
TSU-590E
TSU-700E
TSU-810E
TSU-910E
TSU-1080E
F Series
TSU-675F
TSU-800F
TSU-920F
TSU-1040F
TSU-1230F
Support
Notes:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Refrigerant charge listed is operating charge for gravity flooded system at 15 F. For other feed systems,
J11
Engineering Data
SEE NOTE (4)
REFRIG. CONN.
+ OVERFLOW
AIR INLET
AIR OUTLET
+ WATER OUT
5' 2"
7'111/2"
Nominal 12 wide units:

Models TSU-840F to TSU-1520F and TSU-940G to TSU-1710G
+ WATER IN
+ DRAIN
A
22"
6"
W/2
LBS Of Ice2
Model
Number
Gravity
Flooded
Pump
Recirculated
Approx.
Shipping Wgt
(LBS)
Approx.
Operating
Wgt (LBS)
Air
Pump
(HP)
Water
Volume
(GAL)
Pull Down
Volume
(GAL)
Coil
Volume
(FT3)
R-717
Charge
(LBS)5
Water
Conn
In/Out
62,980
74,470
85,880
97,380
114,540
68,310
80,470
92,960
105,210
123,280
24,120
26,900
31,460
34,340
38,660
146,500
170,000
200,600
218,800
254,400
5
5
5
5
5
14,240
16,650
19,080
21,500
25,150
1,800
2,100
2,320
2,710
2,900
55
63
71
78
90
1,490
1,710
1,925
2,115
2,440
8
8
8
8
8
11 9
11 9
11 9
11 9
11 9
23 11
27 11
31 10
35 10
41 9
7
7
7
7
7
70,890
83,880
96,880
109,540
129,120
75,970
89,630
102,380
114,790
132,700
25,440
28,340
33,220
36,260
40,820
147,700
171,400
196,900
220,600
256,400
5
5
5
5
5
13,960
16,350
18,730
21,110
24,690
280
330
380
420
490
61
70
79
87
100
1,655
1,900
2,145
2,360
2,710
8
8
8
8
8
11 9
11 9
11 9
11 9
11 9
23 11
27 11
31 10
35 10
41 9
7
7
7
7
7
F Series
TSU-840F
TSU-990F
TSU-1140F
TSU-1290F
TSU-1520F
G Series
TSU-940G
TSU-1110G
TSU-1280G
TSU-1450G
TSU-1710G
Support
Notes:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
J12

Refrigerant charge listed is operating charge for gravity flooded system at 15F. For other feed systems,
Engineering Specifications
For ICE CHILLER Thermal Storage Units
Thermal Storage Unit - Furnish and install, as
Quality Assurance - The thermal storage unit
manufacturer shall have a Management System

certified by an accredited registrar as complying with the
requirements of ISO-9001:2000 to ensure consistent
services.
Capacity - The ICE CHILLER Unit(s) shall have a
thermal storage capacity

of ton-hours, operating with
refrigerant and a build time of
hours at a
F/(C) nominal evaporator temperature.
Tank - The tank shall be constructed of heavy gauge
hot-dip galvanized steel and reinforced with full-length

structural angles underneath and on all four sides. All
seams shall be welded to ensure watertight construction.
A zinc rich coating shall be applied to all exposed edges
and welds.
Coil - The coil shall be constructed of prime surface
serpentine steel circuits and shall be tested at 375 psig

air pressure under water. The coil shall be encased in a
steel frame and the entire assembly hot-dip galvanized
after fabrication. For use with ammonia refrigerant, coil
shall be complete with purge connection for oil
maintenance.
Insulation - Expanded polystyrene insulation shall be
Exterior Panels - Exterior panels shall be sealed at

all seams to provide a complete vapor barrier and to
protect the insulation. They shall be furnished with a
thermosetting hybrid polymer.
Covers -The ICE CHILLER Unit(s) shall be provided
with sectional, rain shedding, interlocking and insulated

steel covers provided with a thermosetting hybrid
polymer.
A multi-point adjustable, solid state, electronic resistivity

type ice thickness control shall be provided. The sensing
probe shall be mounted on the coil, and a control relay
to deactivate the refrigeration system shall be installed in
a NEMA 4 box mounted on the unit.
ICE Thickness Control
Refrigeration
shown on plans, factory-assembled ICE CHILLER

Thermal Storage Unit(s) with all water-touched steel
components hot-dip galvanized, all exposed edges and
welds fully coated with zinc-rich compound, and
exterior panels protected from corrosion with a
thermosetting hybrid polymer.
Air Blower - A centrifugal regenerative blower for field

mounting shall supply low pressure air for agitation of the
water. Blower shall be furnished with inline air filter,
check valve and rain shield for field installation.
Air Distributor - Low pressure air shall be
distributed through multiple perforated Schedule 40

PVC pipes.
Unit Size - Unit plan dimensions shall not exceed

approximately
feet(m) by
feet(m) with an overall
height not exceeding
feet(m). The operating weight
shall not exceed
pounds(kg).
The ICE CHILLER Thermal Storage Unit(s) shall be

Baltimore Aircoil Company Model TSU-
provided between the tank and the exterior panels. The

insulation shall be three inches thick (R-13) on the tank
sides and ends, two inches thick (R-8) on the bottom and
one inch inside the covers.
J13
Channel Island Power Station

Project Report
Opts for Ice Thermal Storage System

A dramatic increase in the city of Darwin, Australias
power demand since the early 1990s has been met
by the introduction of an ammonia ice thermal
storage system at its Channel Island Power Station.
The power station was built in 1985, and is operated

by the Northern Territory Government utility - the
Power and Water Authority (PAWA). The electricity
consumption by Darwin has been steadily monitored
over the years by PAWA. An assessment in 1995
clearly showed that demand was growing at a
faster rate than earlier projections had identified,
and that a solution was needed.
The decision to use an ice thermal storage system

has not only eased the pressure, but also resulted in
considerable savings for PAWA and the Government. The actual cost is one-third the installation cost of an
extra turbine. The final system chosen by PAWA employs an ammonia ice thermal storage system plant,
supplying ice water during peak periods to wet air coolers on the inlets of the three turbines.
The first stage of the project includes the following major equipment:
Five 500 kW screw compressors, 1,500 kW (426 tons) each
Five BAC Model CXV Evaporative Condensers
96 BAC ice coils, building 1,400 metric tons of ice that will provide 130,000 kWh
(36,932 ton-hours) of storage
Three BAC wet air cooler modules, cooling inlet air from 37C to 9C
(98.6F to 48.2F)
Two concrete tanks 15m (49) x 15m (49) x 7m (23) high
The system is remarkable in its simplicity and efficiency of operation. During the night and morning off-peak
periods, the refrigeration plant builds ice on the ice coils. At peak demand, ice water is pumped from the
storage tanks and across a direct contact heat exchanger medium to cool air before it enters the turbine.
The ice build period is off-peak, with no effect on the daily maximum demand, John Rule Marketing Manager
BAC Australia stated. Also, the control of ice build can be coordinated with spinning reserve needs. The wet
air cooler provides extra benefits in washing the air, removing dust, insects and smoke. The dirt is collected in
an easily accessible basin for filtration cleaning. There are no finned coils to clog.
Using ammonia is a highly energy-efficient process, as well as being greenhouse friendly, and has essentially
no affect on the ozone layer. This, combined with the piped natural gas system, means that greenhouse gas
production is much less than that from a coal-fired power station.
J14

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ICE CHILLER

Thermal Storage Units

ICE CHILLER Thermal Storage Units

ICE CHILLER Thermal Storage Units

Why Ice Storage?

Stored cooling, because of its lower first cost and

Ice storage, in particular, has emerged as the most

Lower First Cost

Cooling systems using BAC ICE CHILLER Thermal

When designed to operate on a 24-hour basis, or when

Electrical equipment and wiring costs are also lower since

For most system requirements, these significant savings

Baltimore Aircoil Company

Reduced Energy Cost

With less connected horsepower, ice storage can lower

Ice has proven to be the most space efficient thermal

For industrial applications, stored cooling using ICE

Suitable For: Industrial Refrigeration Process Cooling Batch Cooling

When no cooling load exists, the refrigeration system

For a closed chilled water loop, see Figure 2. With this

The basic ice storage system includes an ICE CHILLER

When chilled water is required for cooling, the ice water

...because temperature matters

Energy Efficient Design

ICE CHILLER Thermal Storage Units

The ICE CHILLER Thermal Storage Unit coils are

Compared to traditional ice builders used in the past for

1.66" O.D. COIL

1.05" O.D. COIL

COIL SURFACE: 3.0 FT2/TON-HOUR

The BAC ICE CHILLER Thermal Storage Unit is

The ICE CHILLER Thermal Storage Unit is designed for

Baltimore Aircoil Company

ICE-LOGIC ICE Thickness Controller

All BAC ICE CHILLER Thermal Storage Units are

The ICE-LOGIC Controller operates by sensing the

By building only the amount of ice needed, the operating

ICE-LOGIC Ice Thickness Controller

Centrifugal regenerative blower

Sectional insulated tank covers

The coil is constructed of multiple

Exterior panels sealed at all seams

Expanded polystyrene insulation is

The tank is constructed of heavy

Low pressure air from the air

...because temperature matters

ICE CHILLER Thermal Storage Units

System Design Flexibility

2. Determine the build time, which is the number of hours

The system design involving an ICE CHILLER Thermal Storage

Parallel Chilled Water Evaporator

The most common type of partial ice storage is the parallel

1. From the system load profile (figure 4) establish the required

3. For a gravity flooded ammonia feed system, continue

Parallel Chilled Water Evaporator Partial Storage

3. Multiply the cooling capacity of the compressor operating with

6. For gravity flooded ammonia feed system, continue the

The system load is the amount of cooling capacity that must be

Baltimore Aircoil Company

Unit Selection Ammonia

2. The evaporator temperatures for each build time are

Selection Procedure Gravity Flooded

Ton-Hours of Storage Required =

6. Using the design conditions from Steps 4 and 5, select a