Franklin Delano Roosevelt: Americas Greatest Leader and his Legacy

Warren Alphonso, Anthony Felts, Niteesh Kuchakulla, and Harveer Singh

Senior Group Division Website
Process Paper and Annotated Bibliography

Process Paper
When presented with this year's theme of "Leadership and Legacy in History", our
thoughts immediately went to America's greatest presidents. While there were many notable
individuals in the history of our country, we ultimately all decided on Franklin Delano Roosevelt.
We felt that Roosevelt had played an immense part throughout his twelve years as president. The
brave and gutsy actions that Roosevelt had taken to ensure that America stayed united were an
inspiration to us all. During his years in office, he helped America rise from the economic grave
that it was digging itself into, and by the time of his death, he had put the country back on top.
He made it seem easy, but we all knew that it was no simple task. He is often not given the credit
he deserves, and that is one of the main reasons we decided to do our website on this American
hero.
Starting the project was not easy. After finally deciding on researching Franklin Delano
Roosevelt, we all researched separately for a few weeks. The local libraries around Kern County
were a great foundation for most of our early research. We perused many different websites, such
as a biography of Roosevelt on WhiteHouse.org. We often met on weekends to discuss the layout
and content of our website, often spending hours upon hours stressing over simple details like
font size. Newspaper clippings and images from Roosevelt's time proved to be important
resources as well. Researching Franklin Delano Roosevelt was a great experience and it really
helped us learn a lot about him and about his presidency.
Two of the people in our group had previously competed in the National History Day.
They had both done group websites before and had a great experience with it, so we decided to
do the same this year. We also felt that displaying this topic through a website would allow it to
be really interactive and unique. Additionally, creating a website would allow us to use a plethora
of multimedia and interactive sources. Creating the website was easier said than done. We often
worked for hours at a time over the weekends and spent long nights organizing and reorganizing
information.
Franklin Delano Roosevelt was elected into office during a vital time in America's
history. He helped the nation get out of the Great Depression. He also led the nation during a
large part of World War II. He led America through some of its darkest hours and left behind a
country as strong as ever. Under his leadership, America prospered as a country and has
prospered ever since. Because of this, we feel that he is the ideal example of a great leader who
left behind a great legacy.

Word count: 483

Annotated Bibliography
Primary Sources
FDR before death. Digital image. Fdr Library. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Mar. 2015.
<http://www.fdrlibrary.marist.edu/education/resources/images/fdr1945lg.jpg>.
This source is a picture of Franklin Delano Roosevelt. It was taken exactly one day before
he died of a massive cerebral hemorrhage. The picture shows just how weak the
presidency had made him. We used this picture on the Conclusion page.

Hunter, Rent. New Deal Communism Repudiated by Voters. Milwaukee Sentinel

6 Nov.1946: 4. Print.
The article from the 1940s describes the New Deal as fascist, something that would
eventually control every aspect of the American peoples lives. This is quite clearly written from
the point of view of someone who opposes the New Deal. In addition to accusing the Roosevelt
Administration for trying to assume complete totalitarian control, the article insinuates that the
President and the heads of the New Deal programs were secretly working with Russias
dictator in order to take away freedom from the people of the United States and make the
country Communist. It is noteworthy that this article was written around the second Red Scare,
when Americans were fearful that communism would secretly infiltrate the American
government.
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano. Radio Address of the President from The White House Monday,
July 24, 1933, 9:30 PM. 24 July 1933. National Archives. U.S. NationalArchives and Records
Administration, n.d. Web. 30 Oct. 2012. <http://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/fdrfireside/>.
This is a transcript of a Fireside Radio Chat. In this discussion, Franklin Delano Roosevelt
reassures the people that the programs being put in place are part of a larger plan. He describes
the goals of the New Deal programs, as well as explains and clarifies the things being said about
the gold standard. Roosevelt also announces that the he is working and negotiating with other
world leaders to ease international tension and restart trade.
Peters, Gerhard, and John Woolley. "Franklin D. Roosevelt - Fireside Chats."Franklin D.
Roosevelt - Fireside Chats. 1999. The American Presidency Project. 23 Feb. 2013
<http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/fireside.php>.
This is a very useful source because all of the audio and transcripts above are all, word by word,
from President Franklin D. Roosevelt. This source does not compare to any of the other sources
because this is coming the recordings of the President and his current mood, state of mind, and
ideas at the time. This source shows a favor in the New Deal whereas some people at the time
might have not supported the New Deal. This is because this is the President stating the changes
instead of having anyone else say it. The goal of this source is to give the listener or reader an
insight on what happened during the term of President Franklin D. Roosevelt.

This source fits into our research because it gives us a detailed explanation of when, how, where,
and why the New Deal programs were introduced and how they were working out from state to
state. This audio/transcript source also shows the state of mind of the President and how open he
was to allowing the public into his work and his every step as their President. This has somewhat
shifted my point of view of the New Deal to the middle because we were first wary of the idea
but now we can see that some of the New Deal proposals are still in use today.
Tran, Brandon. "Old Radio World." Fireside Chat with Franklin D. Roosevelt. 2003. Old
World Radio. 23 Feb. 2013
<http://www.oldradioworld.com/shows/Fireside_Chat_with_Franklin_D._Roosevelt.php>.
We chose to have both the audio and the transcripts because the fill in the blanks for one another.
Both the audio and the transcripts show that President Franklin D. Roosevelt was a committed
and an involved president. An example of this was his fireside chats that he would have to the
citizens in during his four terms in office. In these chats, he addressed himself as I and the
awaiting public as you as if he was personally having a conversation with them. This showed
that he wants to reassure the public that there was no difference in the between the President and
his people. These chats happened at least once a month and consisted of a chat that would update
the public about where the economy was going at that time, current events, new plans, and the
growth of his New Deal program.
Berryman, Clifford K. "The New Deal and Prospects for the American Way." The Heritage
American. 23 Feb. 2013 <https://heritageamerican.wordpress.com/2011/04/12/the-new-deal-andprospects-for-the-american-way/>.
This cartoon depicts President Franklin D. Roosevelt mixing various people and
programs together in a huge democratic recovery broth as part of his New Deal programs. In
this cartoon it shows that President Franklin D. Roosevelt is making too many programs too
soon. In this political cartoon, we see that there is a person warning President Franklin D.
Roosevelt to be careful with all that he is putting into the broth because he doesnt know which
mixture will mess up the entire broth.
This source is useful because it shows a different view of the New Deal proposal. A
majority of Americans approved of the New Deal proposal but there were some people that were
against the proposal and spoke out against it. I believe that this source is reliable because it was
drawn at the time of the Great Depression and shows the views and standpoints of a wide variety
of people.
Nisk.k12.ny.us,. N. p., 2015. Web. 22 Apr. 2015.
<http://www.nisk.k12.ny.us/fdr/wait_for_fdr/33011001.gif>
This source is a political cartoon from during Franklin Delano Roosevelts presidency. It
depicts the problems that Roosevelt had undertaken the moment he was sworn in as
president.
Clubb. An Unfortunate Wait. Digital image. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Apr. 2015.
<http://www.nisk.k12.ny.us/fdr/wait_for_fdr/33012401.gif>.
This source is another political cartoon. It depicts the state of despair that the country was in
after Hoovers presidency. Everyone was hoping that Franklin Delano Roosevelt could be

the leader they were all looking for. This political cartoon illustrates that era of uncertainty
and hopefulness very well.
Political Cartoon about the government. Digital image. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Apr. 2015.
<http://www.nisk.k12.ny.us/fdr/fdr_100/small/33030801.GIF>.
This source depicts the severity of the problems in America and the drastic measures that
needed to be taken by Roosevelts administration to prevent the devastation that could
occur throughout the country.
Political Cartoon about the White House. Digital image. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Apr. 2015.
<http://www.nisk.k12.ny.us/fdr/fdr_100/small/33030701.GIF>.
This political cartoon is a parody of Theodore Roosevelts big stick approach to foreign
policy

This represents the uncertainty that some people had for the actions of President Franklin D.
Roosevelt because of his willingness and dedication to pulling the United States out of the Great
Depression. This helps shape our perspective because this picture shows that President Franklin
D. Roosevelt is a very dedicated and go-getting President when compared to the previous
president, Herbert Hoover.
Political Cartoon about "chopping" down problems. Digital image. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Apr.
2015. <http://www.nisk.k12.ny.us/fdr/fdr_100/small/33031901.GIF>.

The illustrator of this cartoon is clearly against Franklin Delano Roosevelts New Deal
programs, which were created to help alleviate Americas stress from the Great Depression.
While the majority of people in FDRs time seemed to support and agree with the New Deal,
most journalists and almost all of the government did not. Roosevelts political and social views
were often thought of as socialistic, and this cartoon reflects what many New Deal opponents
thought of FDRs frequently experimental programs.
Political Cartoon about FDR. Digital image. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Apr. 2015.
<http://www.nisk.k12.ny.us/fdr/wait_for_fdr/33020601.gif>.

This cartoon shows what Franklin D. Roosevelts hand (of cards) was, the different parts of the
New Deal. Protection of Gold, Bank Holiday, Budget Message, and Inaugural Address
are all portrayed as aces, important cards the Roosevelt could play to try and help the country
through. Bank Legislation, although still a high card (King),is shown as the second option and
given lower priority and weight. This image can be used as a visual aid for what the Roosevelt
Administration considered the best options to take during the economic crisis of the 1930s.
Portrait of FDR. Digital image. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Apr. 2015.
<http://cdn.history.com/sites/2/2013/12/fdr-color-P.jpeg>.
This image was a primary source of a portrait of FDR taken during his presidency. This
image is used in our website in our Thesis page.

Clear Track. Cartoon. Newark Star-Eagle14 3 1933: n. pag. Print.

Before Roosevelts presidency, political comics with Roosevelt as the captain or engineer

of the United States. This comic shows Franklin Roosevelt as the engineer of a train labeled with
U.S.A. and A Nations Confidence. Along the side a person stands, startled, representing the
old times depressed feeling. Sources such as these allow a clear picture to be painted of how
Roosevelt was viewed before his inauguration.
Franklin and Eleanor Timeline. Digital image. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Apr. 2015.
<http://www.fdrlibrary.marist.edu/education/resources/images/timeline.png>.
This source is a timeline full of primary source images on FDR
and Eleanor Roosevelts lives. We used this source in the Early Life page of our website.
A document about Roosevelt's health. Digital image. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Apr. 2015.
<http://www.fdrlibrary.marist.edu/aboutfdr/images/polio-brace.jpg>.
This was a document concerning FDRs health when he was stricken with polio. It is a
primary source because this document was written by FDRs physician and includes
possible treatments for his ailment.
FDR Swimming in a Warm Springs, GA Pool. 1929. Digital image. N.p., 19 July 2007. Web.
19 Apr. 2015. <https://www.flickr.com/photos/fdrlibrary/7584618976/in/photostream/>.
This is a primary source depicting FDRs treatment at the Warm Springs rehabilitation
center for polio. It was used in the Dealing with Polio page of our website.
Digital image. N.p., 16 Nov. 2011. Web. 19 Apr. 2015.
<https://www.flickr.com/photos/fdrlibrary/7585237998/>.
FDR, Assisted in Standing by Dr. MacDonald and His Valet on the Pier at the Doctors
Home in Marion, Massachusetts, 1924. Photo by Marcy P. Stott, MacDonalds
Housekeeper.
FDR Supporting Himself on Ramp Handles, Assisted by Registrar Fred Botts. Warm
Springs, GA, 1936. Digital image. N.p., 1 Oct. 2004. Web. 19 Apr. 2015.
<https://www.flickr.com/photos/fdrlibrary/7584547066/>.
I used this photograph because it show FDR in a wheelchair, which is a rare photo because
he asked the media to not take pictures of him in his disabled state.
Digital image. N.p., 16 Nov. 2011. Web. 19 Apr. 2015.
FDR at his work table near the hearth at the "Little White House" in Warm Springs, Georgia.
This photo was taken by his friend Margaret "Daisy" Suckley, a few days before he died on
April 12, 1945. <https://www.flickr.com/photos/fdrlibrary/7598922966/>.
This primary source depicts the state of health FDR was in just before he passed away. We
used this image on our Conclusion page as a tribute to the extraordinary life of this
American president.
Lieutenant Governor George Lunn, FDR, John W. Davis, and Al Smith at Roosevelt's family
home in Hyde Park, New York. FDR is supporting himself on crutches. Digital image. N.p.,

n.d. Web. 19 Apr. 2015.

<https://www.flickr.com/photos/fdrlibrary/7584619972/in/photostream/>.

Homan. He Just Aint Fast Enough. Cartoon. Brooklyn Citizen [Brooklyn] 9 Feb. 1937: n.pag.
Print.
This cartoon illustrates Franklin Delano Roosevelts attempt to pack Congress with more
Liberals and his lashing out at the older nine Supreme Court justices men, who, unlike
FDR, were all conservative. FDR, in an act of anger, called the justices a group of nine
Old men when they rejected his liberal court-packing bill, called the Judiciary
Reorganization Bill, in a humiliating 80-20 against him. Roosevelt want to add up to six
more liberal justices to Congress to preserve his progressive legislation.
"The New Deal." The New Deal: A Speech delivered by President Franklin D. Roosevelt.. Dana
Roc Productions. Web. 6 Mar 2013.
<http://www.danaroc.com/guests_fdr_021609.html>.
This website is the new deal speech said by President Franklin D. Roosevelt. It was his
most famous and effective program during his presidency. This source shows that the new
deal was set up to reduce unemployment, provide welfare for the poor, and deal with the
devastation of the Great Depression. The government was successful in creating programs
to help people in need, such as The Works Progress Administration. These were put in
place to improve the nations economic status. This website is important because the
President tells people what he will do to help people with the damage from the crash. He
also introduces everything about the New Deal and how it will work. This will help the
project because it shows step by step what goes on in the New Deal.

Letters
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano. Letter to Dr. William Egleston. 11 Oct. 1964. Franklin Delano
Roosevelt Library and Museum. Http://www.fdrlibrary.marist.edu/, n.d. Web. 4 Apr. 2015.
<http://www.fdrlibrary.marist.edu/aboutfdr/pdfs/polio_egleston.pdf>.
This source was a great accoutrement to our website because it shows Franklin Delano
Roosevelts exact problems and symptoms he felt. This letter was sent to Dr. William
Egleston, and we used this in our Dealing with Polio page.

Secondary Sources
Books
Hargrove, Julia, and Bron Smith. Franklin D. Roosevelt's Four Freedoms Speech.
Carthage, IL: Teaching & Learning, 2000. Print.

This book describes the four freedoms that Franklin Delano Roosevelt continued to
promote throughout his presidency. This book provided a lot of insight into Roosevelts
vision for America.
Bardhan-Quallen, Sudipta. Franklin D. Roosevelt A National Hero. New York: Sterling
Biography, 2007. Print.
This book was written as a tribute to Franklin Delano Roosevelt. It describes his
childhood and life before presidency with great scrutiny. It also goes over the publics
opinion of Roosevelt during his presidency.
Willis, Resa. FDR and Lucy: Lovers and Friends. New York: Routledge, 2004. Print.
This book goes through FDRs life during his presidency. It examines his affair with Lucy
Mercer Rutherfurd.
Fried, Albert. FDR and His Enemies. 1st ed. New York: St. Martin's, 1999. Print.
This source is a book that portrays Roosevelts many enemies. It discusses their
reasons for opposing Roosevelt, and also goes over how Roosevelt dealt with them.
Brinkley, Alan, and Davis Dyer. The American Presidency. Boston: Houghton Mifflin,
2004. Print.
This book goes over Franklin Delano Roosevelts presidency. It really focuses on his
actions as president and helped us realize how gutsy he was as a president. His
impulsive actions could never be matched by any other U.S. president.
Brinkley, Alan. The End of Reform: New Deal Liberalism in Recession and War. 1st ed.
New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1995. Print.
This book was very important to our New Deal page. It covers Roosevelts New Deal
program and shows us just how effective it really was. We were able to find an interview
that was conducted with Mr. Brinkley. The interview can be found on the Interview Page.
Brinkley, Alan. Franklin Delano Roosevelt. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2010. Print.
This source is another book that was written by Alan Brinkley. This one is less detailed,
but it goes over Franklin Delano Roosevelts entire life. This book was a great resource
because it helped us understand the events surrounding his presidency.
Haugen, Brenda. Franklin Delano Roosevelt: The New Deal President. Minneapolis,
MN: Compass Point, 2006. Print.
This book described the New Deal in great detail. We used it on our New Deal Page
and it really helped us understand just how impactful the New Deal was.
Nybooks.com,. 'A Revolutionary President By Russell Baker'. N. p., 2009. Web. 22 Apr.
2015.
This book talks about the specific events that happened during Roosevelts presidency
and the importance of them. We used this in the presidency sections of our website.

Hamilton, Nigel. The Mantle of Command: FDR at War, 1941-1942. 1st ed. Boston:
Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2014. Print.
This book showcases Roosevelts iron fist. He was very stubborn about which policies
he wanted to go into effect and he often times got his way.
Brinkley, Alan, and Davis Dyer. The Reader's Companion to the American Presidency.
1st ed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2000. Print.
This source is a book that went over all the American presidents and their
accomplishments. It places a lot of emphasis on Roosevelt and how revolutionary his
presidency was in comparison to other presidents.
Brinkley, Alan, and Edward L. Widmer. The New York Times Campaigns: A Century of
Presidential Races from the Photo Archives of the New York Times. 1st ed. New York:
DK, 2001. Print.
This book goes over the presidential races of the last century. Additionally, it compares
Roosevelts campaign to the other presidents of the era. This allows us to get a better
grasp on how great of a president Roosevelt really was.
<http://www.fdrlibrary.marist.edu/education/resources/images/fdr1945lg.jpg>

Websites
"The New Deal. Surviving the Dust Bowl." General Article: The New Deal. American
Experience. Web. 6 Mar 2013.
<http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/general-article/dustbowl-newdeal/>.
This is an article about the dust bowl. It talks about how Roosevelt reacted to it. It talks in
detail about a lot of the things that president Franklin D. Roosevelt was going to do and
what he has done with the new deal and how things turned out because of what he has
done. This will help the project because it shows how it affected the country and how the
people reacted to the new deal. It also talks about how Roosevelt reacted to the depression.
This website is important because it talks about programs set in place to help the country
with financial situations from east to west.
"Living New Deal | Still Working For America." Living New Deal. Department of Geography,
n.d. Web. 20 Apr. 2015. <http://livingnewdeal.org/>.
This source shows all the projects undertaken by programs from the New Deal. This
information is displayed in the form of a map that shows where all of these buildings are
located.
"Franklin D. Roosevelt Day by Day." Timeline. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Apr. 2015.
<http://www.fdrlibrary.marist.edu/daybyday/timeline/>.
This website was quite an important source for our website. It clearly showcases FDRs
day-by-day activities and is very interactive. We embedded this timeline into our Context
Page with permission from the Pare Lorentz center.

"New Deal." National Archives and Records Administration. National Archives and Records
Administration, n.d. Web. 22 Apr. 2015.
<http://www.archives.gov/research/alic/reference/new-deal.html>.
This source shows important statistics from the New Deal, and the impact these programs
were having on the American economy. We used some of these statistics on our website in
the New Deal page.
"New Deal Cultural Programs: Experiments in Cultural Democracy." N.p., 1995. Web. 19
Apr. 2015. <http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wwcd.org%2Fpolicy%2FUS%2Fnewdeal.html>.

This article provides a decent overview of the First 100 Days of Roosevelts presidency. The
economy was in poor shape in 1933, with the stock market at its lowest and nearly a quarter of
Americans jobless. However, with an inspirational Inaugural Address lifting him up and a
Cabinet ready to work, Roosevelt and his administration got 15 bills through Congress. Unlike
Hoover, he believed that it was the governments job to step in when the common people could
not help themselves. His Administration powered through and saved the banking system with the
Emergency Banking Act. The Roosevelt Administration also putout welfare programs to help the
Americans that were falling behind, as well as public works programs that created hundreds of
thousands of job opportunities. Under his presidency, Social Security and unemployment
insurance were created, as well as a minimum wage and workers unions.
"American Experience: TV's Most-watched History Series." PBS. PBS, n.d. Web. 22 Apr.
2015. <http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/general-article/dustbowlnew-deal/>.
I used this website because you can listen to FDR give the speech himself, and hear his
voice and his leadership.
"Franklin Delano Roosevelt and the New Deal - American Memory Timeline- Classroom
Presentation | Teacher Resources - Library of Congress." Franklin Delano Roosevelt and
the New Deal - American Memory Timeline- Classroom Presentation | Teacher Resources Library of Congress. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Apr. 2015.
<http://www.loc.gov/teachers/classroommaterials/presentationsandactivities/presentations/ti
meline/depwwii/newdeal/>.

This secondary source focuses on the U.S. cultural world during the New Deal Era. The
US Government supported projects involving arts, historical novels, recovery of folklore,
customs, documentaries and such developments that seemingly shown people in search of
an usable past so that mistakes made in the past will not happen again to make the situation
worst. Also, this article focused greatly on how American writers always tried to find the history
of the US in order to analyze how the people before us react and how we should learn from them
by understanding the common needs of US citizens, linking the cultural flourishing after 1933
with the past. More importantly, this article also contains information about how the search for
the past of America differed from the others due to the influence of the Great Depression, which
added nationalism to the interpretation of history.
"The Great Depression and the New Deal." The Great Depression and the New Deal. N.p.,
n.d. Web. 22 Apr. 2015.
<https://web.stanford.edu/class/e297c/poverty_prejudice/soc_sec/hgreat.htm>.

This secondary source gave us insight on the great depression and the New Deal reform
programs. The website helped us to better put into context the New Deal with the Great
Depression.
"The New Deal." The New Deal. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Apr. 2015. <http://www.u-shistory.com/pages/h1851.html>.
"Digital History." Digital History. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Apr. 2015.
<http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/era.cfm?eraid=14&smtid=1>.
"The Great Depression." The Great Depression. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Apr. 2015.
<http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h1569.html>.
"American Experience: TV's Most-watched History Series." PBS. PBS, n.d. Web. 22 Apr.
2015. <http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/general-article/dustbowlgreat-depression/>.
"American Experience: TV's Most-watched History Series." PBS. PBS, n.d. Web. 22 Apr.
2015. <http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/timeline/rails-timeline/>.
"FDR's First Inaugural Address Declaring 'War' on the Great Depression." National Archives
and Records Administration. National Archives and Records Administration, n.d. Web. 22
Apr. 2015. <http://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/fdr-inaugural/>.
"The New Deal." The New Deal. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Apr. 2015.
<http://rooseveltinstitute.org/policy-and-ideasroosevelt-historyfdr/new-deal>.
"Watch: How Polio Made FDR Strong." Time. Time, n.d. Web. 07 May 2015.
<http://time.com/3340831/polio-fdr-roosevelt-burns/>.

While portrayed as a strong, able-minded man to the public, Roosevelt was a victim of polio.
Due to the disease he had contracted in 1921, he was deemed unable to walk. Through the same
strength and mindset that eventually won the presidential elections, Roosevelt began walking
with assistance and much medical attention. Through buying the inn at which hed stayed in for
its spa, said to cure diseases, Roosevelt was able to start a charity organization centered on
curing children with polio. The organization, the March of Dimes, was sent money regularly by
many a supporter of Roosevelt. Eventually, a working vaccine was created at the organization,
stunting the dangers of polio by 1961, 40 years after Roosevelts death. This source was
invaluable to our website for the insight it provided into FDRs contracture of polio
"New Deal." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 22 Apr. 2015.
<http://www.history.com/topics/new-deal>.

The article contained information on Roosevelts actions and the response he had received from
the general population. In 1929, Roosevelt was governor of New York, and during this time, he
had helped those who were in need of help due to unemployment helping him gain followers for

when he ran for president in 1932. Roosevelt guaranteed safety in times of hardship through
projects created to help unemployment and banking crises. Despite the doubts about certain
projects, Roosevelt was easily re-elected in 1936s presidential election.
"The Great Depression." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 22 Apr. 2015.
<http://www.history.com/topics/great-depression>.
Baker, Russell. "A Revolutionary President." N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Apr. 2015. <http%3A%2F
%2Fwww.nybooks.com%2Farticles%2Farchives%2F2009%2Ffeb%2F12%2Farevolutionary-president%2F>.

Although not specifically written about the New Deal, this website article provides a general
overview of Franklin Delano Roosevelts main accomplishments. The University of Virginia
explains that - though he failed at relieving America of the Great Depression with his New Deal
programs Roosevelt remains a defining figure in American history. He was able to pull
America from the brink of an economic and social disaster by establishing the New Deal
programs, lead the nation into World War II, and change the relationship between the American
people and their president. The article also explains how, under FDRs guidance, the American
federal government took on more powerful leadership roles in Americas corporate and financial
life.
"Miller Center." American President: Franklin Delano Roosevelt: A Life in Brief. N.p., n.d.
Web. 22 Apr. 2015. <http://millercenter.org/president/fdroosevelt/essays/biography/1>.
This website is a biography of Franklin D. Roosevelt provides a general overview of President
Roosevelts life and accomplishments. He was the president at the time of The Great
Depression, offering the nation what he called the New Deal, a program that sought to
bring recovery to the failing economy and put the people back into the workforce. Roosevelt also
served as Commander in Chief during World War II, lending support to the Allies with resources
and manpower. He also put in much planning to create what we now know as the United
Nations.
"Miller Center." American President: Franklin Delano Roosevelt. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Apr.
2015. <http://millercenter.org/president/fdroosevelt>.

This website covers information of the presidents childhood, the New Deal he had set in motion,
and all the way to his death. The book contains several pictures from the time, as well as
information on where to find other sources. Quotes and information from this book were used on
our website and to gain a greater understanding of FDR.
Bio.com. A&E Networks Television, n.d. Web. 22 Apr. 2015.
<http://www.biography.com/people/franklin-d-roosevelt-9463381>.
This source gave us an in-depth biography of FDRs life, and how this affected his
leadership.

"Franklin D. Roosevelt." The White House. The White House, n.d. Web. 22 Apr. 2015.
<https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/franklindroosevelt>.
"Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum." Franklin D. Roosevelt
Presidential Library and Museum. Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum,
n.d. Web. 22 Apr. 2015. <http://www.fdrlibrary.marist.edu/aboutfdr/polio.html>.
Loc.gov,. 'Franklin Delano Roosevelt And The New Deal - American Memory TimelineClassroom Presentation | Teacher Resources - Library Of Congress'. N. p., 2015. Web. 22
Apr.
2015.<http://www.loc.gov/teachers/classroommaterials/presentationsandactivities/presentati
ons/timeline/depwwii/newdeal/>.
American Experience,. 'WGBH American Experience . Surviving The Dust Bowl | PBS'. N.
p., 2015. Web. 22 Apr.
2015.<http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/films/dustbowl/>.
Wwcd.org,. 'New Deal Cultural Programs'. N. p., 2015. Web. 22 Apr. 2015.

This web page gave a chart of all the initiatives of the New Deal such as the Federal Deposit
Insurance Corporation (also known as the Emergency Banking Act), the Federal Emergency
Relief Administration, Civil Work Administration, Civilian Conservation Corps, and etc. In
addition to the initiatives, this source also provided a brief summary on each initiatives and the
reaction of American citizens towards each act at that time. For example, the Federal Deposit
Insurance Corporation was created when FDR shut down all the banks in the United States to
examine the condition of banks in order to ensure deposits over $500. The reaction towards this
act was that American Citizens could trust the banks again, knowing that they would most likely
not lose their money in a bank failure. This site would be helpful for getting a clearer vision on
what the final topic of our group would be and it also has a lot of links to other websites
regarding the New Deal.
Archives.gov,. 'New Deal'. N. p., 2015. Web. 22 Apr. 2015
.<http://www.wwcd.org/policy/US/newdeal.html>.

Teaching With Documents: FDR on the Recovery Program contains background information
about Franklin Delano Roosevelts New Deal programs, especially the National Recovery
Administration (NRA) and its effects on the American economy and people. The article informs
the reader of FDRs most well-known and/or effective programs, such as the Federal Deposit
Insurance Corporation (FDIC) as well as the reasons and motto behind his programs -relief for
the needy, economic recovery, financial reform. While the NRA may have been a failure in the
eyes of some, its codes abolished child labor and set new wage and hour standards for businesses
across America. The article also touches on a symbol that popped up during FDRs New Deal
(the Blue Eagle and its motto, We do our part.) and Roosevelts popular fireside chats.

"Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum." Franklin D. Roosevelt

Presidential Library and Museum. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Apr. 2015.
<http://www.fdrlibrary.marist.edu/education/resources/bio_fdr.html>.
This source talks about the early years of Roosevelts life as well as how he dealt with polio.
It includes information about the great depression as well as information about the important
events in presidency and life. We used this as a general source for our site.

Leuchtenburg, William. "American President: Franklin D. Roosevelt." N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Apr.
2015. <http%3A%2F%2Fmillercenter.org%2Fpresident%2Ffdroosevelt>.
The Miller Center is a non partisan affiliate of the University of Virginia that specializes in
presidential scholarship, public policy and political history and strives to apply the lessons of
history to the nations most pressing contemporary governance challenges. We used this
source to help check informational accuracy of other sources.

Millercenter.org,. 'American President: Franklin Delano Roosevelt: A Life In Brief'. N. p.,

2015. Web. 22 Apr. 2015.http://millercenter.org/president/fdroosevelt/essays/biography/1
The Miller Center is a non partisan affiliate of the University of Virginia that specializes in
presidential scholarship, public policy and political history and strives to apply the lessons of
history to the nations most pressing contemporary governance challenges. We used this a
specific source for some of our pages.

Videos/Audio
American Experience - FDR (Franklin Roosevelt) - Part 1/2 (PBS Documentary)-<https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oF3vAXdJUxs>
This source is a documentary by the Public Broadcasting Service. It explains Franklin
Delano Roosevelts entire life and scrutinizes over every detail. We used portions of this
documentary throughout our website.
"Happy Days Are Here Again!" (Ben Selvin and the Crooners, 1930)."YouTube. YouTube,
n.d. Web. 18 Apr. 2015. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gqsT4xnKZPg>.
This song was one of Franklin Delano Roosevelts biggest campaign slogans. This song
endorsed optimism throughout the American people. This was incredibly important because
it helped unite America during the Great Depression. We used this source on the Home
Page in the form of an audio file.
"America the Story of Us: FDR." YouTube. YouTube, n.d. Web. 18 Apr. 2015.
<https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O8uaD_Ob21I>.
This source is video by the History channel. It clearly explains how Franklin Delano
Roosevelt was able to gather the American people under him and bring the nation out of the
Great Depression. It explains the charisma that Roosevelt possessed and how he was able
to persevere. We used this source on the Thesis Page.

"Prelude to War." YouTube. YouTube, n.d. Web. 18 Apr. 2015.

<https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WXverYvGFDI>.
This source is a video from the Franklin Delano Roosevelt Library. It was created for
educational purposes, and this video was a great help to us. It really helped us put
Roosevelts presidency into perspective. We used this video on the Pre-World War II.
"President Roosevelt's War on Polio." YouTube. YouTube, n.d. Web. 18 Apr. 2015.
<https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e-pNWEEG6uA>.
This video from the Smithsonian Institute explains Roosevelts struggle with the polio
disease. It explains how he contracted it and how he helped fundraise for a cure. This video
was very inspirational and helped us see Roosevelt in a new light. We used this video on
the Polio Page.
"Labor Reforms." YouTube. YouTube, n.d. Web. 18 Apr. 2015.
<https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i0t6TcClwxA>.
This is another video from the Franklin Delano Roosevelt Library. Unlike the Prelude to
War video, this video showcased the many labor reforms that Roosevelt had implemented,
such as the New Deal. We used this source on the New Deal Page.

Images
"Full Show: Fighting for the Four Freedoms | Moyers & Company | BillMoyers.com."
BillMoyers.com. Moyers and Company, 11 Apr. 2014. Web. 22 Apr. 2015.
<http://billmoyers.com/episode/fighting-for-the-four-freedoms/>.
We used this photograph because the image had all three of the of the country's leaders in
one picture together. Winston Churchill, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, and Joseph Stalin, also
known as the Big Three are all in this image symbolizing wartime leadership.
Roosevelt Promises National Relief. Digital image.Https://depts.washington.edu. The
Seattle Star, n.d. Web. 4 Mar. 2015.
<https://depts.washington.edu/depress/images/newspapers/star_roosevelt401.jpg>.
This source is a newspaper clipping from the Roosevelt presidency era. It showcases
Roosevelts ability as a president. He is portrayed as a sailor and is promising national relief
during the Great Depression.
The New Deal and Its Critics. Digital image.Http://americanhistory.unomaha.edu/. The
Atlanta Journal, n.d. Web. 4 Mar. 2015.
<http://americanhistory.unomaha.edu/module_files/FDRnewspaper.jpg>.
This source is another newspaper clipping. It depicts the New Deal and many of the
downsides to it. While these downsides can be debated, the public was usually either
heavily supportive of the New Deal or strongly against it. This source depicts the opinions of
some of the people who were against the New Deal.
Aronson, Michael. FDR Dies. Digital image. Http://warnerbros.pbworks.com/. San Francisco
Chronicle, n.d. Web. 17 Apr. 2015. <http://mitchellarchives.com/wpcontent/uploads/2008/10/fdr-dies-ff.jpg>.

This is yet another newspaper clipping. It depicts the death of Franklin Delano Roosevelt.
The country was very distraught over his death and this source illustrates that feeling
perfectly.
Biography of Franklin D. Roosevelt. Digital image.Http://www.fdrlibrary.marist.edu/. Franklin
D Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum, n.d. Web. 18 Apr. 2015.
<http://www.fdrlibrary.marist.edu/education/resources/images/fdr_biography_pics.jpg>.
This newspaper showcases the life of the president at the time. As Roosevelt grew more
and more popular through his acts, the public became more and more interested in life. This
image illustrates that point perfectly.
Eleanor and FDR on Their Wedding Day. Digital
image.Http://www.fdrfourfreedomspark.org/. Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and
Museum, 17 Mar. 2015. Web. 4 Apr. 2015.
<http://static1.squarespace.com/static/54c04201e4b079eab4478cb2/t/55073278e4b0953c7
cc232e8/1426535033262/mar17-2-img.jpg>.
This picture was taken on Roosevelts wedding day. He is standing next to his new bride,
Eleanor. This source helped us realize just how big of a toll the presidency had on
Roosevelts life.
09-109(14). Digital image. Http://fdrlibrary.marist.edu/. Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential
Library and Museum, 21 Jan. 2012. Web. 16 Apr. 2015.
<https://www.flickr.com/photos/fdrlibrary/14969704695/>.
This picture depicts Roosevelts first day in office. He seems very eager to get started and
looks determined to fix this country. Again, he seems very healthy and young as opposed to
the end of presidency where he becomes very weak.
Franklin and Eleanor Timeline. Digital image.Http://www.fdrlibrary.marist.edu/. Franklin D.
Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum, n.d. Web. 14 Apr. 2015.
<http://www.fdrlibrary.marist.edu/education/resources/images/timeline.png>.
This timeline was a great help to our website. It goes over all the major events in Franklin
Delano Roosevelts life.
Hyde Park Photo: FDR Family Home. Digital image. Http://media-cdn.tripadvisor.com/.
Http://www.tripadvisor.com/, n.d. Web. 14 Apr. 2015 <http://mediacdn.tripadvisor.com/media/photo-s/04/bb/92/7f/franklin-d-roosevelt.jpg>.
This source is an image of Roosevelts home in Hyde Park, New York. This was his
childhood home and it was where he spent the majority of his childhood. It provided us with
a lot of insight into how he grew up and what he was exposed to early on in life.
Bos, Carole. FDR's Little White House at Warm Springs. Digital
image.https://www.awesomestories.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Mar. 2015.
<https://www.awesomestories.com/images/user/668885894f.jpg>.
This source is an image of Franklin Delano Roosevelts house at Warm Springs. He built
this house just after he entered the presidency.
Minchew, Kaye L. Warm Springs. Digital image.Http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/. New
George Encylopedia, 25 Sept. 2015. Web. 17 Apr. 2015.

<http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/sites/default/files/styles/article-top/public/m-1441.jpg?
itok=OopKrCdd>.
This source is an image that depicts Roosevelts Warm Springs home. It shows him
standing next to his new house and smiling in content.
Imperial Flag of Japan. Digital image. Http://www.deviantart.com/. Ozelot Studios, n.d. Web.
2 Jan. 2015.
<http://fc04.deviantart.net/fs71/f/2013/018/d/f/the_imperial_japanese_navy__several_resolu
tions__by_jpviktorjokinen-d5rvyo9.jpg>.
This image is the flag of Imperial Japan. We used it on the Pre-World War II page.
USA Flag Theme for Chrome. Digital image. Celebrate Independence Day with USA
Browser Themes. Brand Thunder, 2 July 2013. Web. 6 Nov. 2014.
<http://brandthunder.com/wp/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/Chrome-USA-theme.png>.
This image is the flag of the United States of America. We used it on the Pre-World War II
page.
Flag of the Soviet Union. Digital image. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Apr. 2015.
<http://cdni.wired.co.uk/1920x1280/s_v/soviet-flag.jpg>.
This image is the flag of the Soviet Union. We used it on the Pre-World War II page.
Nazi Symbol. Digital image. Nazi Symbol.jpg. Wikia.com, n.d. Web. 23 Dec. 2014. <
http://villains.wikia.com/wiki/File:Nazi_Symbol.jpg>
This image is the symbol of Nazi Germany. We used it on the Pre-World War II page.
Italy Flag. Digital image. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Apr. 2015. <https://encryptedtbn3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTGHHM2gusHy3QRFN_JyYriO9d_I6d6MRcT4jFfB8rosuw1_pI>.
This image is the flag of Italy. We used it on the Pre-World War II page.
Great Britain Flag. Digital image. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Apr. 2015.
<http://images2.fanpop.com/image/photos/13500000/Great-Britain-Flag-great-britain13511739-1920-1200.jpg>.
This image is the flag of Great Britain. We used it on the Pre-World War II page.
John. The Great Depression. Digital image. Http://www.goldonomic.com/. N.p., n.d. Web. 26
Nov. 2014.
<http://www.goldonomic.com/recessionjobhunters.jpg>.
This image was taken during the Great Depression. It shows just how dire the conditions
were during that time and makes everything that Roosevelt did all the more important.
Biography of Gage, Beverly. Digital image. Http://moviespictures.org/. N.p., n.d. Web. 12
Jan. 2015.
<http://news.yale.edu/sites/default/files/beverly.jpg>.
This image is a picture taken of Professor Beverly Gage. We used this on our Interview
page.
Al Camarillo, Professor of American History and the Miriam and Peter Haas Centennial
Professor in Public Service. Digital image. Http://news.stanford.edu/, 24

Jan. 2011. Web. 3 Jan. 2015.

<http://news.stanford.edu/news/2011/january/images/camarillo_news.jpg>.
This image is a picture taken of Professor Al Camarillo. We used this image on our
Interview page.
O'Shea, Chris. Tom Brokaw. Digital image. Tom Brokaw Awarded Presidential Medal of
Freedom. FishbowlNY, 11 Nov. 2014. Web. 7 Feb. 2015.
<http://www.adweek.com/fishbowlny/files/2011/05/tom-brokaw-214x300.jpg>.
This image is a picture of Tom Brokaw. We used this image on our Interview page.
Franklin D. Franklin. Digital image. FDR Gives First Fireside Chat. Http://www.history.com/,
12 Mar. 2013. Web. 15 Apr. 2015. <http://cdn.history.com/sites/2/2013/12/fdr-color-P.jpeg>.
This source was an picture taken of FDR during his first Fireside Chat. As these chats grew
more numerous, so did Roosevelts popularity. We used this on the Legacy page.
Franklin D. Roosevelt. Digital image. Www.discuss.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 3 Mar. 2015.
<http://img.timeinc.net/time/magazine/archive/covers/1923/1101230528_400.jpg>.
This source was a picture taken of FDR during his inaugural address. He looks very
inspirational and seems to be quite a strong leader.
Newspaper Clipping of Franklin Delano Roosevelt. Digital image. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Apr.
2015. <http://georgiainfo.galileo.usg.edu/images/uploads/gallery/FDRart1fig14.jpg>.
This source is a newspaper clipping of Franklin Delano Roosevelts inaugural address. He
is quite popular with the American people because of his integrity and determination.

Interviews
Kaye, Harvey. Fighting for the Four Freedoms. Interview. Harvey Kaye Interview
billmoyers.com, n.d. Web. 11 Apr. 2014. <http://billmoyers.com/episode/fighting-for-the-fourfreedoms/

Hamilton, Nigel. E-mail interview. 3 Mar. 2015.

Brinkley, Alan. "Alan Brinkley Interview Spacer." Interview. Alan Brinkley Interview. PBS.org,
n.d. Web. 13 Apr. 2015. <http://www.pbs.org/fmc/interviews/brinkley.htm>.
Camarillo, Al, Tom Brokaw, and Beverly Gage. "The Voice of Hope." Interview. America the
Story of Us: FDR. N.d. Television.