Eureka DOF SIG Webinar, Session 1

Case Study:
Modeling and Control of an Underbalanced Well
Join the WebEx Meeting link in the announcement
https://sisevents.webex.com/sisevents/j.php?ED=107020972&UID=0&PW=NOTczZTg
1MGEy&RT=MTgjMjE%3D

NOTE: do not use WebEx for the audio

(during WebEx startup just close the audio dialog box)
Join the BT Meet Me audio
US: tel: +1 617 340 4082
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Participant passcode: 69401626 then #

Eureka DOF SIG Webinar, Session 2

Case Study:
Modeling and Control of an Underbalanced Well
Join the WebEx Meeting link in the announcement
https://sisevents.webex.com/sisevents/j.php?ED=107020987&UID=0&PW=NY
mUwNzVkZDlm&RT=MTgjMjE%3D

NOTE: do not use WebEx for the audio

(during WebEx startup just close the audio dialog box)
Join the BT Meet Me audio
US: tel: +1 617 340 4082
UK: tel: +44 3301 230 834
Other countries: http://www.btconferencing.com/schlumberger/globalaccess/?bid=277

Participant passcode: 69401626 then #

Wyoming UBD
Modeling and control of an UBD well
Kjetil Havre Chief Scientist SPT Group

Wyoming

Project participants in Wyoming DAPC team

Shell International Exploration & Production

Project client
@Balance

Project Management
Powerchokes

Provider of automatic choke manifold & responsible for instrumentation of choke manifold

Onsite support to the DAPC team

Halliburton

Provider of Multiphase Meter to measure flow rates at wellhead

Scandpower PT / Prediktor

Provider of online models and automatic control of the well

Provider of online Industrial IT-platform

Data communication with rig and surface data (WITS)

Communication with Multiphase flow meter (Modbus)

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Content of presentation
This presentation concerns the modeling and control
issues:
Model setup
Control of wellhead and bottom hole pressure

Online controller results

Wyoming online simulator main tasks

1. Online multiphase models for the UBD application.

Windows into the wellbore dynamics
past, present and future

2. Bottom Hole & Wellhead Pressure Control

to control and maintain the degreee of UB
3. Estimation of reservoir inflow

Wyoming - setup
Under balanced drilling application
Main process components
closed system with
coil tubing unit,
automatic choke manifold,
multiphase flow meter,

wellhead separator unit

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Wyoming setup Inlets and flow path

Mud injection pump.
Water based mud
CaCl2 is used.
Gas injection,
N2 is used.

Kill fluid pump

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Wyoming setup Inlets and flow path

Flow path through the drill string down

to Bottom Hole Assembly BHA into
Annulus, through DAPC Valve Manifold,
through the Heater and the Multiphase
Flow Meter into the separator. Gas is
flared. Mud returns to storage.

Bottom Hole Assembly, consisting of

hydraulically driven motor, instruments,
steering devices. The BHA is equipped
with pressure and temperature
transmitters. Signals are transmitted
electrically back to surface.

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Wyoming setup DAPC manifold

The Dynamic Annular Pressure

Controller DAPC automatic choke
manifold consisting of two main chokes
and a two inch bypass line with a choke
in parallel. The Choke manifold is
instrumented with valve position signal
and pressure transmitters. The purpose
with the automatic chokes is to control
wellhead or bottom hole pressure

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Wyoming setup Downstream wellhead

Multiphase Flow
Meter to measure
gas, condensate and
mud flow rates.

Separation of gas
condensate and mud.
The gas exits to flare,
mud is returned to
storage for circulation

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Wyoming setup Wellbore

Status page with
measured and
calculated BHP,
number of well
sections drilled etc.

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Wyoming Controller tasks

1. Stable bottom hole pressure
in the event of reservoir
influx and kicks, changes in
pump flow rate and tripping
the hole, i.e. surge and
swab effects
2. Control of wellhead
pressure when the BHA is
out of the hole and when
deploying

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Wyoming setup BHP controller

Bottom Hole Pressure Controller
BHPC. The purpose with this
controller is to keep a constant
bottom hole pressure. The bottom
hole pressure can be either the
measured in the annulus at the
location of the BHA or a pressure
inferred by the OLGA real time
model. Such examples are the heel
or toe pressure or the pressure at
a drilled inflow section

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Wyoming setup WHP controller

Wellhead pressure
controller DAPC.
The purpose with
this controller is to
track the desired
wellhead pressure
calculated by the
BHPC controller.
Alternative wellhead
pressure sensors
and control valves
are included.

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Wyoming setup WHP controller in the RTM

Wellhead pressure
controller in the real
time model
equivalent to the
plant DAPC
wellhead pressure
controller.

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Wyoming setup WHP controller

Controller parameters, gain Kp, integral

time Ti, derivative time, manual input
MI. Controller variables and calculated
output.

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Wyoming setup BHP controller

Controller responses;
red curve process variable,
blue curve calculated output
darker blue curve controller set point

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Wyoming setup Wellhead controller

Feed forward action

to wellhead pressure
controller purpose
is model matching
of wellhead pressure

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Wyoming setup Model inlet

Measurements:
Input flow rates and temperature of
injected fluids - mud and gas
Measurements are used to close the
model boundaries
Model is tuned to match measured
stand pipe pressure

23

Wyoming setup Model outlets

Multiphase flow
measurements used
for reservoir inflow
estimation

Model tuned to match

separator pressure

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Algorithms for tuning the model

Stand pipe pressure

On-line inflow estimation

Measured depth

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Application outputs

Calculated and
measured values

Result pages as tabs:

- Status
- Pressure
- Flows
- Separator
- Profiles
- Drilling

Data trended and

stored in database

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Typical window into the annulus

Wellhead

Liq. Vol. frac.

TVD

Gas flow rate

Bottom hole

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Mud flow rate

Controller performance
BHP at set-point

WHP tracks set-point

Gentle valve movements

28

Controller performance Gas bubble escapes

Response in BHP

Response in WHP

Response in
modelled WHP

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Gas bubble escapes annulus

flows through valve manifold

Response in
measured and
modelled BHP

Pump starting

Response in
measured and
modelled BHP

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Pulling up, pushing down

Response in BHP

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A kick initial response

Initial response in choke

Initial response in BHP

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A kick wellhead pressure build-up

Response in BHP

Response in choke - choking

Wellhead pressure build-up

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A kick the complet response

Initial response in choke

Response in BHP

Response in choke - choking

Initial response in BHP

Wellhead pressure build-up

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Inflow estimation is turned on

Inflow estimation
turned on and gas
comes to surface

Modelled BHP matches

measured BHP

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Inflow estimation is turned on

Inflow estimation
turned on and gas
comes to surface
With match in modelled and measured BHP:
Modelled BHP calculated by OLGA can
be used to control the degree of UB.
Modelled BHP matches
measured BHP

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Summary

Multiphase modeling and OLGA

provides key results to:
1. Control the degree of under
balance in UB applications
2. Reservoir inflow estimation

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