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Method
Alkylating Agents
Antimetabolites
Affects pathway
involving folate (replace
w methotrexate) OR
affect pyrimidine OR
purine base. (Folate
impt for cell division)
Common
Adverse
Effects
DNA Structure
Cycle non-specific
Plant Alkaloids
Mitotic poison
Inhibits microtubule
formation (No mitotic
spindles) AND
inhibit
topoisomerase
Blocks synthesising of
new strand making
molecule non-functional
DNA replication
S-phase inhibitors
DNA rep/mitosis
S and M phase
Hormonal
Agents/Antagonists
Prostate
Breast cancer
Leukaemia/lym
a) Antiandrogens:
a) Selective oestrogen
phoma
Prevent androgen
receptor modulator:
(Blood borne
interaction (no growth Deny sex hormone
cancers)
factor)
b) Aromatase inhibitors Use of
b) Gonadrotrophin-RH preventing fat cells
glucocorticoids
analogues: Increase
from making oestrogen that cause cell
production of
lysis in high
androgen until
doses
negative feedback
shuts it down
(LH/FSH)
Tumour growth, reduce cancer cells
M phase??
Alkylating agents
Antimetabolites
Plant Alkaloids
Hormonal agents
Cytotoxic antibiotics
Cyclophosphamide,
ifosfamide (causes urinary
bladder bleeding),
cisplatin (testicular cancer)
Methotrexate, 5-flurouracil
(RNA uracil)
Vinca alkaloids
Vinblastine, vinorelbine
Etiposide (mandrake)
M-cycle specific
Taxanes
Paclitaxel, docetaxel
Glucocorticoids:
Cortisol & prednisolone
Doxirubicin, mitomycin,
daunorubicin
Tamoxifen (SERM:
Selective Oestrogen
receptor modulator)
Inhibits oestrogen
-cin/-rubicin