SB016 EXPRESSION OF BIOLOGICAL INFORMATION

1. The central dogma of molecular biology

A) states that DNA is a template for all RNA production.
B) states that DNA is a template only for DNA replication.
C) states that DNA is a template only for DNA replication.
D) Pertains only to prokaryotes because humans are unique.
2. If 30% of an organisms DNA is thymine, then
A) 70% is purine.
B) 20% is guanine.
C) 30% is adenine.
D) 70% is pyrimidine.
3. If the sequence of bases in one strand of DNA is TAGCCT, then the sequence of
bases in the other strand will be
A) TCCGAT
B) ATCGGA
C) TAGCCT
D) AACGGU.
4. Replication is semiconservative because
A) both old and new nucleotides are used.
B) An old strand becomes a new strand.
C) Meselson and Stahl did this experiment.
D) The old strand is a template for the new strand.
5. Because there are more codons than amino acids,
A) some amino acids are specified by more than one codon.
B) some codons specify more than one amino acid.
C) some codons do not specify any amino acids.
D) some amino acids do not have codons.
6. A code word in a fragment of DNA is AAA. By using the table of mRNA codons,
you are able to determine that the DNA code is specifying the amino acids
A) lysine.
B) glysine
C) proline
D) phenylalanine
7. During protein synthesis, an anticodon on tRNA pairs with
A) DNA nucleotide bases.
B) rRNA nucleotide bases.
C) mRNA nucleotide bases.
D) Other tRNA nucleotide bases.

SB016 EXPRESSION OF BIOLOGICAL INFORMATION

8. If the sequence of bases in DNA is TAGC, then the sequence of bases in RNA will
be
A) ATCG.
B) TAGC.
C) AUCG.
D) GCTA.
9. When lactose is present and glucose is absent,
A) the repressor is able to bind to the operator.
B) the RNA polymerase is unable to bind to the promoter.
C) Transcription of structural genes occurs.
D) Transcription of structural genes, operator and promoter occur.
10. In operon models, the function of the promoter is to
A) code for the repressor protein.
B) bind with RNA polymerase.
C) bind to the repressor.
D) code for regulator gene.
1

(a)

FIGURE 1 shows semiconservative model of DNA replication.

FIGURE 1
(i)

Name the scientists that propose this model.

[ 1 mark ]
_______________________________________________________________
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SB016 EXPRESSION OF BIOLOGICAL INFORMATION

(ii)

State the conclusion of this experiment.

[ 1 mark ]
_______________________________________________________________

(iii)

State TWO other proposed models of DNA replication.

[ 2 marks ]
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

(b) FIGURE 2 shows the synthesis of DNA in bacteria.

Y

FIGURE 2
(i)

Label the leading strand in FIGURE 2.

[ 1 mark ]

(ii)

Label X.
[ 1 mark ]
____________________________________________________________

(iii)

Name the strand that is synthesized discontinuously by X.

[ 1 mark ]
____________________________________________________________

(iv)

Name the enzymes Y and state their function.

[ 2 marks ]
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________

(v)

During replication, why enzyme Y has to synthesis the daughter strand in

the direction 5 to 3 direction?
[ 1 mark ]
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
3

SB016 EXPRESSION OF BIOLOGICAL INFORMATION

2

FIGURE 3 shows protein synthesis in eukaryotic cell.

A
B

FIGURE 3
(a)

Name the structures labeled U, T, W and Z.

[4 marks]
U :____________________________
T :______________________________
W :__________________________
Z :______________________________

(b)

Name the processes A and B.

[2 marks]

A :____________________________________
B :____________________________________
(c)

If part of the sequence of the bases of T is ---GAA AAU ACC CCU---, what is the
complementary base sequence on U?
[1 mark ]
__________________________________________________________________

(d)

State THREE differences between T and U.

[3 marks]

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

SB016 EXPRESSION OF BIOLOGICAL INFORMATION

3

FIGURE 4 shows the process in protein synthesis.

FIGURE 4
(a)

Name the structure label A, B and C.

[3 marks]

A:____________________B:__________________C:___________________
(b)

State TWO advantages of having many of structure B in protein synthesis.

[2 marks]
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

(c)

Name the bond between the molecule in structure C.

[1

mark ]
__________________________________________________________________
(d)

State another process involve in protein synthesis.

[1 mark ]

__________________________________________________________________
(e)

List THREE ways in which process in (d) differ from the process above.
[3

marks]
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

SB016 EXPRESSION OF BIOLOGICAL INFORMATION

FIGURE 5 shows the Lactose Operon Model.

Regulator
gene

lacZ

lacY

lacA

repressor molecule
FIGURE 5
(a) Name the structures labeled A, B and C.
[3 marks]
A: _______________________________________________
B: _______________________________________________
C: _______________________________________________
(b) State the functions of the following structures:
Regulator gene
Structure B

[2 marks]
: _______________________________________
: _______________________________________

(c) Name the organism where the operon operates.

[1 mark]
_______________________________________________________________
(d) Describe the role of the repressor molecule T if the lactose molecule is absent.
[1 mark]
______________________________________________________________
(e) Explain what will happen in the presence of lactose.
[3 marks]
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
6

SB016 EXPRESSION OF BIOLOGICAL INFORMATION