02 CT54132EN51GLA1 IMEI Data PDF

IMEI Data
IMEI Data
Contents
IMEI Data
1
IMEI Data
1.1
CheckIMEI Functionality
1.2
IMEI Data
1.3
How are handsets or IMEIs reported?
1.4
IMEI Data: DIT Diagram
1.5
device2g3g Object Class
1.6
eirColour Object Class
1.7
deviceType2g3g Object Class
1.8
Provisioning Individual IMEIs
1.9
Dynamic Provisioning of Individual IMEIs
2
Accessing IMEI Data
2.1
LDAP Access
2.2
ldapsearch Example
2.3
Search Scope
2.4
Filters
2.5
LDAP Query for an Individual IMEI
2.6
Using LDAP to Add an Individual IMEI
3
Exercises
3.1
Review Questions
3.2
Lab Exercise: Accessing IMEI Data (device2g3g)
4
IMEI Range Data (Optional Session)
4.1
IMEI Range: DIT Diagram
4.2
Management Server Login
4.3
Management Server Home Page
4.4
Access IMEI Ranges via Management Server
4.5
View an IMEI Range
4.6
Add an IMEI Range
CT54132EN51GLA1
Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015.
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IMEI Data
4.7
4.8
5
6
Using LDAP to query IMEI ranges

Using LDAP to add IMEI ranges
Exercises
Solutions
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CT54132EN51GLA1
IMEI Data
IMEI Data
IMEI Data
One-EIR
Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015
Fig. 1
CT54132EN51GLA1
IMEI Data
CT54132EN51GLA1
IMEI Data
Learning Elements
Describe the basic checkIMEI functionality.
Describe the IMEI data held on the One-EIR and how it is
provisioned.
View and edit the IMEI data held on the EIR via LDAP.
Fig. 2
CT54132EN51GLA1
IMEI Data
1.1
For each CheckIMEI message received by the Front End, a database query occurs
on the Back End.
1. Front End receives CheckIMEI message.
2. LDAP query sent from Front End to Back End (routing DSA). An internal
database query is carried out by the routing DSA to determine if the IMEI data is
present on any of the Back End DSAs. If the IMEI is present, the status is
retrieved and sent in the LDAP response to the Front End, which passes the
status to the network in the CheckIMEI response.
3. Database query carried out internally by the routing DSA to retrieve the IMEI
data.
If the IMEI data is present, the routing DSA responds to the LDAP query with the
list color (status) of the IMEI. The front end will use this status value in the
CheckIMEI response.
If the IMEI is not present the LDAP query will indicate that the IMEI is not found,
and the front end will (normally) use a status of white in the CheckIMEI response.
CT54132EN51GLA1
IMEI Data
The EIRs main function is to check the status of the
IMEI
IMEI data is typically stored on the Back End DSAs

The Front End will query the Back End
1. CheckIMEI
2. LDAP
Routing DSA
EIR FE DSA
3. Database query
BE DSA 1
BE DSA n
Back End
Fig. 3
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CT54132EN51GLA1
. Solutions
. . and
. Networks
. . .2015..
Nokia
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IMEI Data
1.2
IMEI Data
Individual IMEIs: this is the typical way of storing IMEI data (as individual entries).
Each IMEI code is added to the database as an individual entry (although the
actual provisioning process can be carried out in bulk).
The first 14 digits of the IMEI are stored.

The status (grey or black list status) can be added either at the same time or later.
The status can be changed from grey to black, or black to grey.
TIP
There is no specific white list for individual IMEIs. If the IMEI is not specified as
being on the black or grey list it is assumed to be on the white list.
IMEI Ranges: the use of ranges is optional.
Black and grey ranges are for use if whole batches of handsets are stolen or
faulty. White ranges can be added to identify batches of handsets produced by
manufacturers.
The start and end IMEI are stored as 15 digits, including a zero to represent the
check digit. Matching is done on the first 14 digits only.
TIP
Ranges are not typically used by operators because IMEIs are usually reported
individually, not in batches. Another reason is that the central GSMA IMEI DB only
uploads and downloads individual IMEIs. This typically means that only individual
black and grey IMEIs are provisioned in the One-EIR.
CT54132EN51GLA1
IMEI Data
IMEI Data
IMEI data is typically stored on the Back End DSAs.

Single IMEI codes are stored individually as 14 digits.
IMEI = 12345678901450
IMEI ranges can optionally be stored on the Front End.

Each range is identified by the first and last IMEI in the
range.
Range IMEIs are stored as 15 digits but only the first 14
digits are used in matching.
Start IMEI = 1234356789012000
End IMEI = 123456789012990
Most operators do not store IMEI ranges because

IMEIs are usually reported individually, not in batches.
Fig. 4
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CT54132EN51GLA1
. Solutions
. . and
. Networks
. . .2015..
Nokia
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IMEI Data
1.3
When a subscriber reports a stolen handset they may or may not know the IMEI of
the handset. The operator typically has a legal duty to verify that the handset is
owned by the subscriber reporting it stolen. Their records will have this information if
the handset was issued as part of a subscription contract.
If the handset is not linked to a subscription then the operator may be unable to
identify the IMEI of the handset. In this case the operator may only be able to block
the subscribers IMSI and not the IMEI.
The policing data stored on the One-EIR (the policing data for IMEI and IMSI) allows
the operator to use the subscribers IMSI to identify the IMEI of the handset.
CT54132EN51GLA1
10
IMEI Data

An IMEI may be reported in various ways:
Subscriber reports stolen handset to the operator
Operator identifies IMEI, confirms ownership and adds IMEI to the black list
Police request operator to track a handset
Operator identifies IMEI and adds IMEI to the grey list
A batch of handsets has a manufacturing fault
Operator adds the range of IMEI codes to the black list
Operator receives IMEI updates from other operators via central IMEI DB.
IMEI codes reported by other operators are added to the grey and black lists
The EIR itself may identify IMEI fraud:

Policing features can highlight potential fraud.
Fig. 5
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CT54132EN51GLA1
. Solutions
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. Networks
. . .2015..
Nokia
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11
IMEI Data
1.4
An individual IMEI is stored as a device2g3g entry. The status of the IMEI is stored
as an eirColour child entry. An IMEI may or may not have a eirColour child entry, and
may in fact have both a grey and a black eirColour child entry:
eirColour (eirType=grey): the presence of an eirType=grey entry indicates that the

IMEI has been reported as suspicious. The IMEI is now on the grey list.
eirColour (eirType=black): a presence of an eirType=black entry indicates that the

IMEI has been reported as stolen or lost. The IMEI is now on the black list.
No eirColour child entry: this indicates that the IMEI has been dynamically
provisioned to the database. These IMEIs that are known to belong to a home
subscriber and are white listed.
TIP
Note the following:
If an IMEI has been placed on the grey list and is subsequently placed on the
black list, both a grey and black eirColour entry may exist for that IMEI. If this is the
case the black status will take precedence.
When a checkIMEI occurs a query is made to the back end. Both the black and
grey status is queried in the same request.
Both the grey and black eirColour entries hold the same type of attributes
including:
o Reason for the equipment being listed,
o Date and time of being provisioned to the EIR.
CT54132EN51GLA1
12
IMEI Data

A device2g3g entry is added for each individual IMEI
An eirColour child entry is added if IMEI is grey or black listed
A deviceType2g3g entry is added for each Type Allocation
Code
root
o=default
tenant
Configuration
ds=device
cntdbDs
Element
tac=<tac>
imei=<imei>
deviceType
2g3g
device2g3g
eirType=grey
eirType=black
eirColour
eirColour
Fig. 6
. . . . . . . .
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CT54132EN51GLA1
. Solutions
. . and
. Networks
. . .2015..
Nokia
. . . . . . . .
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13
IMEI Data
1.5
The purpose of each device2g3g entry is to specify one IMEI code.

RDN attribute:
imei. The value will be the first 14 digits of the IMEI.

Other attributes:
imsiHistory. This is used for IMEI policing functionality (this is discussed in detail in
another One-EIR course).
TOOLS
Refer to the EIR 5.0 C-NTDB DIT document for details of the device2g3g object
class.
CT54132EN51GLA1
14
IMEI Data

Each device2g3g entry specifies an IMEI:
root
o=default
tenant
Configuration
ds=device
cntdbDs
Element
imei=<imei>
device2g3g
eirType=grey
eirType=black
eirColour
eirColour
Fig. 7
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CT54132EN51GLA1
. Solutions
. . and
. Networks
. . .2015..
Nokia
. . . . . . . .
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15
IMEI Data
1.6
TIP
Note that a device2g3g entry may or may not have an eirColour child entry. An
eirColour child entry will only exist if the device (the IMEI) has been placed on the
grey or black list (i.e. if it has been reported, or if fraud is suspected).
The purpose of each eirColour entry is to specify the status of the IMEI stored in its
parent device2g3g entry.
RDN attribute:
eirType. The value will be either grey or black.

Other attributes are used to specify:
The manufacturing details of the handset

The reason for the IMEI being grey or black listed
The source of the request to grey or black list it.
TOOLS
Refer to the EIR 5.0 C-NTDB DIT document for a full list of the eirColour attributes.
CT54132EN51GLA1
16
IMEI Data

Each eirColour entry specifies:
the status of an IMEI (grey or black)
the manufacturing details of the IMEI
root
o=default
tenant
Configuration
ds=device
cntdbDs
Element
imei=<imei>
device2g3g
eirType=grey
eirType=black
eirColour
eirColour
Fig. 8
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CT54132EN51GLA1
. Solutions
. . and
. Networks
. . .2015..
Nokia
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17
IMEI Data
1.7
The Type Allocation Code (TAC) consists of the first 8 digits of an IMEI. It identifies
the type of phone (manufacturer, model, screen resolution, device bands and device
technologies).
The EIR stores TAC information. Each deviceType2g3g entry stores information for
one TAC.
The EIR outputs statistics about the number of checkIMEIs received for each TAC.
RDN attribute:
TAC value. The value will be 8 digits.

Other attributes:
deviceManufacturer (e.g. NSN)

deviceModel (e.g. M65)
deviceBands (e.g. 1800)
deviceScreenResolution (e.g. 1280x768)
deviceTechnologies (e.g. NONE)
TOOLS
Refer to the EIR 5.0 C-NTDB DIT document.
CT54132EN51GLA1
18
IMEI Data

Each deviceType2g3g entry specifies a TAC
Type allocation code
Basic manufacturers details for the type of device
root
o=default
tenant
Configuration
ds=device
cntdbDs
Element
tac=<tac>
imei=<imei>
deviceType
2g3g
device2g3g
eirType=grey
eirType=black
eirColour
eirColour
Fig. 9
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CT54132EN51GLA1
. Solutions
. . and
. Networks
. . .2015..
Nokia
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19
IMEI Data
1.8
Provisioning Individual IMEIs
Direct provisioning by the operator occurs for each IMEI that is reported as stolen or
invalid. These IMEIs will therefore be on the grey or black list and will have an
eirColour child entry to indicate this.
Dynamic provisioning occurs for all home subscribers IMEIs that are used on the
network during normal subscriber activity. These IMEIs will not have a black or grey
eirColour child entry, and will therefore be on the white list.
Dynamic provisioning occurs if the One-EIR is configured to carry out IMSI policing
which requires the IMEI to be present in the database. Policing is covered in more
detail in another One-EIR course.
During the first few weeks of the EIR being live on a network the number of IMEIs
being provisioned dynamically will be high. A configuration parameter exists to
enable throttling so that the rate of dynamic provisioning does not impact on the
performance of the system.
TIP
In both cases the first 14 digits of the IMEI are provisioned.
The actual provisioning interface used to provision individual IMEI codes directly into
the database depends on the EIR deployment.
CT54132EN51GLA1
20
IMEI Data
Provisioning individual IMEIs

Manual and Automatic IMEI provisioning:
The operator can provision IMEIs as part of a manual
process.
An IMEI device2g3g entry is added when the IMEI is reported
stolen
An eirColour entry is added at the same time
The EIR application can provision IMEIs dynamically.

An IMEI device2g3g entry is added on receipt of checkIMEI if:
the IMSI policing feature is enabled
and the IMEI belongs to a home subscriber
and the IMSI is also present in the checkIMEI
An IMEI that is provisioned dynamically will typically not have an
eirColour child entry.
The EIR can provision IMEI device2g3g objects across multiple
back end DSAs using a load sharing technique.
Fig. 10
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CT54132EN51GLA1
. Solutions
. . and
. Networks
. . .2015..
Nokia
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21
IMEI Data
1.9
If the IMSI Policing feature is enabled on the EIR, the following functionality will
occur:
CheckIMEI received by the EIR. If the IMSI is present in the message and the IMSI
belongs to a home subscriber the IMEI is added to the database.
CheckIMEI response of white is sent by the EIR.

The next time a CheckIMEI relating to this IMEI is received, the EIR will find the
IMEI in the database and will carry out IMSI Policing functionality (described in
detail later in this course). The EIR will respond with the white status unless
policing information indicates that the IMEI should be blocked.
If the IMEI is reported stolen, the operator will update the IMEI data to add the
eirColour child entry (black).
The next checkIMEI that is received for this IMEI will result in a checkIMEI
response of black, and the handset will be blocked from using the network.
TIP
Over time, an IMEI entry is created in the database for each home subscriber. This
allows the operator to carry out IMSI policing for all IMEIs owned by home
subscribers.
CT54132EN51GLA1
22
IMEI Data
IMEI entries are added dynamically by the EIR

MSC/
SGSN
EIR
CheckIMEI (IMEI & IMSI)
IMEI added to database if IMSI

belongs to a home subscriber
CheckIMEI Response (White)
CheckIMEI (IMEI & IMSI)
Subsequent queries will find

the IMEI in the database
CheckIMEI Response (White)
Handset reported stolen

IMEI black listed by operator
Check IMEI (IMEI & IMSI)
Next CheckIMEI will result in

the IMEI being blocked
Check IMEI Response (Black)
Fig. 11
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CT54132EN51GLA1
. Solutions
. . and
. Networks
. . .2015..
Nokia
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23
IMEI Data
CT54132EN51GLA1
24
IMEI Data
Accessing IMEI Data
Accessing IMEI Data

One-EIR
Fig. 12
CT54132EN51GLA1
25
IMEI Data
CT54132EN51GLA1
26
IMEI Data
2.1
LDAP Access
LDAP Access
LDAP is an open protocol used for accessing data in directory
servers such as the EIR database.
Provisioning clients will access and update information in the
database via LDAP connections.
The default connection port for LDAP connections is 16611.
A username and password will be required for data access.
The LDAP root object name will be specific to each operators
implementation.
Fig. 13
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CT54132EN51GLA1
. Solutions
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Nokia
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27
IMEI Data
2.2
ldapsearch Example
The example ldapseach command below consists of the following options:
Host:
-h <hostname>
Port:
-p <portnumber>
User:
-D <username>
Password: -W
(to be prompted for the password)
Base DN: -b <DN>
(position in the database where the search is to begin)
Search scope: -s base (one, sub)

Filter:
objectclass=*
Attributes: In this example no attributes have been listed (requested). This will
result in all attributes being returned.
TIP
Note that the following parameters may be different for each customers system:
Hostname localhost may be used to run the command on the local server if the
EIR implementation is combined on one DSA. Use the IP of the routing server if
the EIR implementation uses a separate (distributed) backend over an LDAP
connection.
Username may differ to the name used below.

WARNING
LDAP root object (dc=C-NTDB in the example below) may not be the same on
all systems.
TIP
You can use the "org -ci ldapRootObjName sdfcontrol" cli command to
find out the root object name of your directory database.
CT54132EN51GLA1
28
IMEI Data
ldapsearch Example
ldapsearch options for Linux:
host
port
user
password prompt
base dn
ldapsearch -x -h localhost -p 16611 -D "cn=sdfrun" -W -b imei=11223344000162,ds=device,

o=default, dc=C-NTDB -s base objectclass=*
search scope
filter
ldapsearch options for Solaris:

-x option not required
-W option not required
-b imei=11223344000162,ds=device,
ldapsearch
-h localhost -p 16611 -D "cn=sdfrun"
o=default, dc=C-NTDB -s base objectclass=*
Fig. 14
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CT54132EN51GLA1
. Solutions
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Nokia
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29
IMEI Data
2.3
Search Scope
ldapsearches have a scope option (-s) that gives three different search levels:
base: returns only the entry at the base DN.

one: returns all entries one level below the base DN.
sub: returns the entry at the base DN and all entries below that.
Search scope
ldapsearch scope options
-s base
Returns data for
the base DN only
-s one
Returns data for all
entries one level
below the base DN
-s sub
Returns data for
the base DN and
all entries below it.
Entry
Entry
Entry
Entry
Entry
Entry
Fig. 15
CT54132EN51GLA1
30
IMEI Data
2.4
Filters
Object class included in search (in the example below): returns all information for
the requested object class
Attribute included in search (in the example below): returns specific attribute value
for the requested object class
Filters
Object class included in search:
ldapsearch
-h localhost -p 16611 -D cn=sdfrun -b imei=11223344000162,ds=device,
o=default, dc=C-NDTB -s
sub objectclass=eirColour
-s sub
objectclass=eirColour
Search scope is -s sub
Object class filter specifies which entries to return
Attribute included in search:
ldapsearch
-h localhost -p 16611 -D cn=sdfrun -b imei=11223344000162,ds=device,
o=default, dc=C-NTDB -s sub objectclass=eirColour eirType
eirType
Attribute filter specifies the attribute required
Fig. 16
CT54132EN51GLA1
31
IMEI Data
2.5
LDAP Query for an Individual IMEI
The ldapsearch command below is the kind of search that the EIR FE (front end) will
perform to query the status of an individual IMEI on the back end.
Search for an individual IMEI entry and any possible eirColour child entries by IMEI:
ldapsearch -h localhost -p 16611 -D cn=sdfrun -b "imei=11223344000162,

ds=device, o=default, dc=C-NTDB" -s sub objectClass=*
Example output from the query above:
dn: imei=11223344000162,ds=device,o=default,dc=C-NTDB
imei: 11223344000162
objectClass: device2g3g
imsiHistory: 1234567890|443322009900880
CT54132EN51GLA1
32
IMEI Data
LDAP query for an individual IMEI

The EIR FE queries the database for an individual IMEI:
ldapsearch
-h localhost -p 16611 -D cn=sdfrun
-b imei=11223344000162,ds=device,
o=default, dc=C-NTDB" -s sub objectClass=eirColour
Example output if the IMEI is black listed:

dn: eirType=black,imei=11223344000162,ds=device,o=default,dc=C-NTDB
eirType: black
objectClass: eirColour
eirEquipReason: 1
eirEquipOrganisationID: SRI
eirEquipDeviceManufacturer: Nokia
eirEquipDeviceMarketingName: Nokia3301
eirEquipProcessedDate: 12122008
eirEquipProcessedTime: 01:12
eirEquipImeiInstances: 1
eirEquipDuplicates: unique
eirEquipComm: Blocked_by_SRI
eirEquipClarifyReason: Daia
eirEquipSourceOfRequest: Ciprian
Fig. 17
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CT54132EN51GLA1
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Nokia
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33
IMEI Data
2.6
Using LDAP to Add an Individual IMEI
The ldapadd command below specifies an input file that holds the information about
the entry that is being added.
The input file is in LDIF format (LDAP Data Interchange Format):
dn: <distinguished name>
<attrdesc>: <attrvalue>
Using LDAP to add an individual IMEI

Add a device2g3g entry using ldapadd and an input file:
ldapadd
-h localhost -p 16611 -D "cn=sdfrun"
-f addDevice2g3g.ldif
addDevice2g3g.ldif
Input file
Where addDevice2g3g.ldif input file contains:

dn:
dn:imei=55443322119001,ds=DEVICE,o=DEFAULT,dc=C-NTDB
imei=55443322119001,ds=DEVICE,o=DEFAULT,dc=C-NTDB
imei: 55443322119001
device2g3g
dn:eirType=black,imei=55443322119001,ds=DEVICE,o=DEFAULT,dc=C-NTDB
eirType=black,imei=55443322119001,ds=DEVICE,o=DEFAULT,dc=C-NTDB
dn:
eirType: black
eirEquipReason: 3658
eirEquipOrganisationID: IdeaCell 2
eirEquipDeviceManufacturer: Motorola501
eirEquipDeviceMarketingName: IntelCeleron
eirEquipComm: !@#$%^*
eirEquipClarifyReason: tvlagoa22
eirEquipSourceOfRequest: SUBSCRIBER
eirColour
Fig. 18
CT54132EN51GLA1
34
IMEI Data
Exercises
IMEI Data - Exercises

One-EIR
Fig. 19
CT54132EN51GLA1
35
IMEI Data
3.1
Review Questions
1. How does the Operator know the IMEI of a stolen handset?
2. The One-EIR can store IMEI data in two different ways. Name the ways IMEIs
can be stored:
3. Why do Operators normally only use the lists of individual IMEIs and not the
ranges of IMEIs?
4. Does your own EIR system use IMEI ranges? (you may or may not know this)
5. If so, does your system use the White range? (you may or may not know this)
6. If an IMEI is on both the black list and the grey list, which list takes precedence
(i.e. which result will be sent back to the network in the checkIMEI response)?
7. In a distributed system, the EIR Front End and Back End parts of the system
each store different IMEI data. Which type is stored on which part?
a) Front End: _____________________________________________________
b) Back End: _____________________________________________________
CT54132EN51GLA1
36
IMEI Data
3.2
Lab Exercise: Accessing IMEI Data (device2g3g)
The trainer will provide the address and login details to access the EIR command
line.
The trainer will provide instructions to access some ldapscripts that you will use
during this exercise.
The trainer will also supply you with an IMEI(s) to use during these exercises. Write
down your range here: _______________________________________________
1. Open a terminal session onto the EIR Front End using the details supplied by the
Trainer.
2. Follow the instructions for accessing the ldap scripts.
3. Carry out an ldapsearch for your IMEI. Use the following search using your own
IMEI value. Note that the LDAP root object name (o=NSN,c=US) may be different
on your system. Note also that the username (cn=<user>) and password may be
specific to the system and may not be the sdfrun user.
ldapsearch -h localhost -p 16611 -D cn=<user> -b
"imei=<imei>,ds=device,o=default,<db root>" -s base
objectClass=*
4. Does the IMEI have an IMSI history listed? If so, how many entries are in the
history?
5. What is the format of the imsiHistory value?
6. Carry out the same ldapsearch, this time using the -s sub option (for a subtree
search) and a filter for the status. Use the following search using your own IMEI
value:
ldapearch -h localhost -p 16611 -D cn=<user> -b
"imei=<imei>,ds=device,o=default,<db root>" -s sub
objectClass=eirColour eirType
CT54132EN51GLA1
37
IMEI Data
7. What is the status of your IMEI? (i.e. which list is it on?)
8. Add an IMEI entry using ldapadd and an input file. Ask the trainer for a unique
IMEI value to use.
a) The input file may be present on the training system. Edit the input file using vi.
You need to change the IMEI number where it occurs (3 places, shown in bold
in the example below) so that it is your new IMEI. If you are unsure about
using vi, ask the trainer to demonstrate editing and adding the new IMEI. The
input file contains similar data to the following:
dn: imei=<imei>,ds=DEVICE,o=DEFAULT,dc=C-NTDB
imei: <imei>
dn: eirType=black,imei=<imei>,ds=DEVICE,o=DEFAULT,dc=CNTDB
eirType: black
eirEquipReason: 3658
eirEquipOrganisationID: IdeaCell
eirEquipDeviceManufacturer: Motorola501
eirEquipDeviceMarketingName: IntelCeleron
eirEquipComm: !@#$%^*
eirEquipClarifyReason: tvlagoa22
eirEquipSourceOfRequest: SUBSCRIBER
b) Now add the data using the ldapadd command

ldapadd h localhost p 16611 D cn=sdfrun f <input_file>
CT54132EN51GLA1
38
IMEI Data
9. Carry out a subtree ldapsearch for the IMEI entry you just added.
ldapsearch h localhost p 16611 D cn=<user> -b
"imei=<imei>,ds=device,o=default,<db root>" s sub
objectClass=*
CT54132EN51GLA1
39
IMEI Data
CT54132EN51GLA1
40
IMEI Data
IMEI Range Data (Optional Session)
IMEI Range Data (optional session)

One-EIR
Fig. 20
CT54132EN51GLA1
41
IMEI Data
WARNING
This section is only necessary if the operator is storing IMEI data in ranges on
the EIR front end DSA.
The use of ranges as a way of storing IMEIs is optional.

If used, ranges are provisioned as white, grey or black, although it is unusual to
provision white lists.
The EIR will only query the IMEI ranges if an individual IMEI match has not been
found in the back end data.
When a query is made on the front end, the black ranges are searched first, then
the grey ranges.
CT54132EN51GLA1
42
IMEI Data
4.1
White, grey and black range entries all hold the same type of attributes:
Attribute
Description
Example Values
eirStartImei
This attribute identifies the range object and

is the first IMEI in the range.
12345678901000
eirEndImei
The last IMEI in the range.
12345678901999
comment
A comment.
Stolen

IMEI ranges are held on the EIR front end
root
dsaid=<>
dsa
config=sb
sbConfig
sbaid=eir
eirService
eirListType=white
eirListType=grey
eirRngList
eirRngList
eirRngList
eirStartImei=<imei>
eirStartImei=<imei>
eirGreyRng
eirBlackRng
eirStartImei=<imei>
eirWhiteRng
eirListType=black
Fig. 21
CT54132EN51GLA1
43
IMEI Data
4.2
The Management Server typically runs on a web server machine that is connected to
the One-EIR via a TCP/IP connection. It uses the LDAP protocol to communicate
with the Directory Server.
The Machine name can also be used for the path to management server:
http://<machine name>/login.xml
Access control is implemented on the Management Server to limit a users access to
particular data.
TOOLS
Refer to the Management Server Installation Guide for more details about the
Management Server implementation.
TIP
Note that only one session should be opened at a time for one user from one
terminal.
CT54132EN51GLA1
44
IMEI Data

To load the Management Server:
Open your favoured internet browser.
Enter the following path into the address bar:
http://<machine IP address>/login.xml
Enter your User Name & Password, then click Login

Address Path
User Name &

Password
Click Login
Fig. 22
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CT54132EN51GLA1
. Solutions
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Nokia
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45
IMEI Data
4.3
The Management Server home page gives you access to the following:
Main Menu
o Management server standard menu items.
Management Server
o User and group administration.
Directory Server
o Configuration and control data for One-NDS functionality.
o SS7 signaling data.
Equipment Identity Register (EIR)

o Application configuration data
o IMEI range data.
Application Developers Workbench (ADW)

o Application functionality control & configuration data.
CT54132EN51GLA1
46
IMEI Data

Home page is the start page for all users.
Main Menu
User and group

administration data
One-NDS & SS7
configuration data
EIR configuration &
IMEI ranges
Additional
configuration data
Fig. 23
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CT54132EN51GLA1
. Solutions
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Nokia
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47
IMEI Data
CT54132EN51GLA1
48
IMEI Data
4.4
The use of ranges is optional.

If ranges are used by the Operator, normally only the grey and black ranges are used
and not the white ranges. This means an operator will check if an IMEI is on the black
or grey lists, and if not, will assume that the IMEI is on the white list.
When a checkIMEI is received, the One-EIR application queries the individual IMEI
data first, and will only query the range data if it fails to find an individual IMEI match.
When the ranges are queried, the black ranges are searched first, then the grey
ranges.

From the Home page select Entry Management
This provides access to IMEI Ranges:
View an IMEI range
Add an IMEI range
Fig. 24
CT54132EN51GLA1
49
IMEI Data
4.5
View an IMEI Range
TIP
When viewing an existing range via Management Server, it is necessary to know the
Start IMEI.
This is the first IMEI in the range.
In fact, Management Server will only return a range if the Start IMEI is specified, and
it is not possible to search using an IMEI that occurs within the range.
WARNING
This is a limitation of Management Server.
CT54132EN51GLA1
50
IMEI Data
View an IMEI Range

Specify the Start IMEI then select Submit.
Submit
The range details will be displayed:
Fig. 25
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CT54132EN51GLA1
. Solutions
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Nokia
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51
IMEI Data
4.6
Add an IMEI Range
For each range, the following data is required:
Entry Type: Black, Grey or White. This is a mandatory field.

Start IMEI: The first IMEI in the range. This is a mandatory field.
End IMEI: The last IMEI in the range. This is a mandatory field.
Comment: A reason or description for the range. This is an optional field.
TIP
Note that the Start and End IMEIs can be 14, 15 or 16 digits in length. When set as
15 digits long, the number must end with a final digit of 0.
In all cases, range matching is only performed on the first 14 digits of the IMEI in the
received message.
CT54132EN51GLA1
52
IMEI Data
Add an IMEI Range

Select Add Range Entry
Add Range Entry
Specify range details then select Add to complete the action:
Add
Fig. 26
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CT54132EN51GLA1
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53
IMEI Data
4.7
The One-EIR application accesses IMEI Ranges using an API, not LDAP.
API can search for an individual IMEI within a range.

The user has access using LDAP.
LDAP can search for the start IMEI, but not an IMEI within the range.
ldapsearch h localhost p 16611 D cn=sdfrun b
eirStartImei=1122334400016000,
eirListType=black,sbaId=eir,config=sb, dsaId=1,o=NSN,c=US s
base objectClass=*
LDAP can search for all ranges of one color type (i.e. one object class).
ldapsearch h localhost p 16611 D cn=sdfrun b
eirListType=black,sbaId=eir, config=sb,dsaId=1,o=NSN,c=US s
sub objectClass=eirBlackRng
WARNING
Note that the LDAP root name will be the Front End root name (in this example
o=NSN, c=US). It is different to the Back End root name and will be different for
each customer.
The ldapsearch command shown in the slide below uses an object class filter that will
return only eirBlackRng entries.
TIP
Note that the LDAP search functionality has a limitation on the amount of data that
can be returned (unless the One-NDS is configured to stream the results back to the
user). If streaming is not configured the result will only return the first 50k of data.
These ldapsearch commands used here are examples that can be executed on a
Solaris system. Note that the user will be prompted for the password.
CT54132EN51GLA1
54
IMEI Data

Query ranges using ldapsearch:
ldapsearch -h localhost -p 16611 -D cn=sdfrun -b "sbaid=eir,config=sb,
dsaid=1,<ldapRoot>" -s sub objectClass=eirBlackRng
objectClass=eirBlackRng
Object class filter
The output from this command lists Black Range entries:

dn: eirStartImei=911223340000000,eirListType=black,sbaId=eir,config=sb,dsaId=1,<ldapRoot>
eirStartImei: 911223340000000
objectClass: eirBlackRng
eirEndImei: 911223349999990
eirEquipComment: Nokia 1234
eirEndImei: 112233440169990
eirEquipComment: Fault batch
Fig. 27
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CT54132EN51GLA1
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Nokia
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55
IMEI Data
4.8
The ldapadd command below specifies an input file that holds the information about
the entry that is being added.
The input file is in LDIF format (LDAP Data Interchange Format):
dn: <distinguished name>


Add ranges using ldapadd and an input file
ldapadd -h localhost -p 16611 -D "cn=sdfrun" -f -f
addRanges.ldif
addRanges.ldif
Input file
Where the addRanges.ldif input file contains:

dn:
eirStartImei=112233440180000,eirListType=black,sbaId=eir,config=sb,dsaId=1,<ldapRoot>
eirStartImei:
1122334400018000
eirBlackRng
objectClass:
Object DN
eirEndImei:
1122334400018999
eirEndImei: 112233440189990
eirEquipComment: Stolen
Stolen batch
batch
eirEquipComment:
eirStartImei=112233440220000,eirListType=grey,sbaId=eir,config=sb,dsaId=1,<ldapRoot>
dn: eirStartImei=1122334400022000,eirListType=grey,sbaId=eir,config=sb,dsaId=1,<ldapRoot>
1122334400022000
objectClass: eirGreyRng
1122334400022999
eirEndImei: 112233440229990
eirEquipComment: Suspect batch
Attributes
Fig. 28
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. . . CT54132EN51GLA1
. . . . .
. Nokia
. .Solutions
. .and .Networks
. .2015.
. . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . .
IMEI Data
Exercises
IMEI Data - Exercises

One-EIR
Fig. 29
CT54132EN51GLA1
57
IMEI Data
5.1
Lab Exercise: Accessing Range Date (optional)
This exercise is only necessary if the operator uses IMEI ranges.

Managing IMEI Ranges via Management Server:
The trainer will provide a Management Server URL, username and password.
The trainer will also supply you with a range of IMEIs to use for this exercise. Write
down your range here: _______________________________________________
1. Open a web browser and log into the Management Server using the details
supplied by the Trainer.
2. Using the instructions in the training notes, add a range of IMEIs.
CT54132EN51GLA1
58
IMEI Data
Solutions
IMEI Data - Solutions

One-EIR
Fig. 30
CT54132EN51GLA1
59
IMEI Data
6.1
1.
Answers to Review Questions

How does the Operator know the IMEI of a stolen handset?
The subscriber reporting the stolen handset may know the IMEI. The operator
can (normally) identify ownership based on information held by the operator.
The One-EIR (if used with NSN NT HLR product) can record information that
links the IMEI to the subscriber's IMSI, thereby identifying the IMEI by use of
the IMSI.
2.
The One-EIR can store IMEI data in two different ways. Name the ways IMEIs
can be stored:
In ranges.
As Individual IMEIs.
3.
Why do Operators normally only use the lists of individual IMEIs and not the
ranges of IMEIs?
IMEIs are usually reported individually, not in batches. Therefore most, if not
all, IMEIs are stored individually.
4.
Does your own EIR system use IMEI ranges? (you may or may not know this)
Answer is as per customer's EIR configuration.

5.
If so, does your system use the White range? (you may or may not know this)
Answer is as per customer's EIR configuration.

6.
If an IMEI is on both the black list and the grey list, which list takes precedence
(i.e. which result will be sent back to the network in the checkIMEI response)?
Black status takes precedence and therefore the result of "black" will be sent
to the network.
7.
In a distributed system, the EIR Front End and Back End parts of the system
each store different IMEI data. Which type is stored on which part?
a)
Front End: __Ranges of IMEIs ____________________________________
b)
Back End: __Individual IMEIs__________________________________
CT54132EN51GLA1
60
IMEI Data
CT54132EN51GLA1
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IMEI Data

Using LDAP to query IMEI ranges

Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015.

Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015

Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015.

Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015

Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015.

IMEI data is typically stored on the Back End DSAs

The first 14 digits of the IMEI are stored.

Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015.

IMEI data is typically stored on the Back End DSAs.

IMEI ranges can optionally be stored on the Front End.

Most operators do not store IMEI ranges because

How are handsets or IMEIs reported?

Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015.

How are handsets or IMEIs reported?

The EIR itself may identify IMEI fraud:

Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015

IMEI Data: DIT Diagram

eirColour (eirType=grey): the presence of an eirType=grey entry indicates that the

eirColour (eirType=black): a presence of an eirType=black entry indicates that the

Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015.

IMEI Data: DIT Diagram

device2g3g Object Class

The purpose of each device2g3g entry is to specify one IMEI code.

imei. The value will be the first 14 digits of the IMEI.

Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015.

device2g3g Object Class

Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015

eirColour Object Class

eirType. The value will be either grey or black.

The manufacturing details of the handset

Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015.

eirColour Object Class

Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015

deviceType2g3g Object Class

TAC value. The value will be 8 digits.

deviceManufacturer (e.g. NSN)

Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015.

deviceType2g3g Object Class

Provisioning Individual IMEIs

Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015.

Provisioning individual IMEIs

The EIR application can provision IMEIs dynamically.

Dynamic Provisioning of Individual IMEIs

CheckIMEI response of white is sent by the EIR.

Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015.

Dynamic Provisioning of Individual IMEIs

IMEI entries are added dynamically by the EIR

IMEI added to database if IMSI

CheckIMEI Response (White)

CheckIMEI (IMEI & IMSI)

Subsequent queries will find

CheckIMEI Response (White)

Handset reported stolen

Check IMEI (IMEI & IMSI)

Next CheckIMEI will result in

Check IMEI Response (Black)

Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015

Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015.

Accessing IMEI Data

Accessing IMEI Data