Coordinates:23.36N85.

33E

Ranchi
FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

ThisarticleisabouttheIndiancity.Forotheruses,seeRanchi(disambiguation).
Ranchi/rnti/ isthecapitaloftheIndianstateof
Jharkhand,anditsthirdmostpopulouscityofthestate.
RanchiwasthecentreoftheJharkhandmovement,[3]which
calledforaseparatestateforthetribalregionsofSouth
Bihar,northernOrissa,westernWestBengal&theeastern
areaofwhatispresentdayChhattisgarh.TheJharkhand
statewasformedon15November2000bycarvingoutthe
BihardivisionsofChotaNagpurandSanthalParganas.

Ranchi

Metropolis

ThenameRanchiisderivedfromthepreviousnameofthe
Oraonvillageatthesamesite,Archi.[4]"Archi"derives
fromtheOraonwordforbamboogroveorstave.According
tolegend,afteranaltercationwithaspirit,afarmerbeatthe
spiritwithhisbamboostave.Thespiritshoutedarchi,
archi,archiandvanished.ArchibecameRachi,which
becameRanchi.[5]Oneofthehistoricallysignificant
neighborhoodsofRachiisDoranda(duran"
"means
songanddaah""meanswaterintheMundari
language).DorandaliesbetweentheHinoo(Bhusur)&
HarmooRivers,wherethecivilstation,treasuryandchurch
establishedbytheBritishRajweredestroyedbyrebel
forcesduringtheSepoyMutiny.[6]

Ranchiskyline
Nickname(s):Cityofwaterfalls

Ranchi

Contents
1Geography
2Climate
3Demographics
4Transportation
4.1Airways
5Education
5.1Highereducationalinstitutions
6Sports
6.1Sportsteams
6.2StadiumsinRanchi
7Media
7.1Radio
7.2Internetserviceproviders
8Touristattractions
8.1Festivals
9Notablepeople
10Seealso
11References
12Externallinks

LocationinJharkhand

Coordinates:23.36N85.33E
Country
State
District

India
Jharkhand
Ranchi

Government
Body
Mayor
Deputymayor

RanchiMunicipalCorporation
AshaLakra
SanjeevVijayvargiya

Area
Metropolis

175km2(68sqmi)

Elevation

651m(2,136ft)

Population(2011)[1]
Metropolis
10,73,440
Rank
38th
Density
6,100/km2(16,000/sqmi)

Geography
Ranchiliesat2322N8520E.Itsmunicipalareais175.12
squarekilometres,anditsaverageelevationis651mabove
sealevel.
RanchiislocatedinthesouthernpartoftheChotaNagpur
plateau,whichistheeasternsectionoftheDeccanplateau.
Ranchiisknownasthe"CityofWaterfalls"becauseofits
numerouswaterfalls,themostwellknownofwhichare
DassamFalls,HundruFalls,JonhaFalls,HirniFalls,and
PanchghaghFalls.

Metro[2]

11,20,374(46th)

Timezone

IST(UTC+5:30)

PIN
Telephonecode
Vehicle
registration
Sexratio(per
1000male)
Literacy

834001(83xxxx)
+91651
JH01

Website

www.ranchi.nic.in
(http://www.ranchi.nic.in)

950
87.68%

TheSubarnarekhariveranditstributariesconstitutethelocalriversystem.ThechannelsKanke,RukkaandHatia
havebeendammedtocreatereservoirsthatsupplywatertothemajorityofthepopulation.
Ranchihasahillytopographyanditsdensetropicalforestsacombinationthatproducesarelativelymoderate
climatecomparedtotherestofthestate.DuringtheperiodofBritishrule,itwasaccordeda'hillstation'status.
Sincethattime,rapidpopulationgrowthandindustrializationhavecausedamarkedchangeinitsweather
patternsandanincreaseinaveragetemperature.Thishasresultedingraduallossofitseligibilityfor"hillstation"
status.

Climate
AlthoughRanchihasahumidsubtropicalclimate,itslocation
andtheforestssurroundingitcombinetoproducetheunusually
pleasantclimateforwhichit'sknown.Itsclimateistheprimary
reasonwhyRanchiwasoncethesummercapitalofthe
undividedStateofBiharandwasdesignatedapreferable"hill
station".Summertemperaturesrangefrom20Cto42degrees,
wintertemperaturesfrom0Cto25degrees.Decemberand
Januaryarethecoolestmonths,withtemperaturesdippingto
thefreezingpointinsomeareas.Theannualrainfallisabout
1430mm(56.34inches).FromJunetoSeptembertherainfallis
about1,100mm.TheKppenClimateClassificationsubtype
forthisclimateis"Cwa"(HumidSubtropicalClimate).[7]

Ranchi
Climatechart(explanation)
J

31
25

23

36

37

J
33

23

21

17

12

10

24

29

29

29

29

23

22

22

26

23

19
14

10

22 24 23 27 60 251 342 341 266 80 14 12

Averagemax.andmin.temperaturesinC
Precipitationtotalsinmm
Source:IMD
(http://www.imd.gov.in/section/climate/ranchi2.htm)
Imperialconversion
J