School of Mathematical Sciences

ENG2092
Assignment 1 Sample Solutions
2015

ENG2092 ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS B

Assignment 1
These sample solutions are provided to assist students in trying to see where they might have made errors in
their own work. As for most mathematical problems, there is not necessarily only one way to obtain the correct
answer, but these sample solutions are typical of what might be expected from a student who has followed
the theory and methods outlined in the ENG2092 lectures. These solutions are also intended to indicate the
kind of detail expected in well-written solutions to assignments and/or examination questions in mathematics,
including the use of mathematical symbols and English expression.
Note: when you complete your own assignment (or examination) solutions for this unit, it is not
necessary to restate the question. That has been done here simply to assist with reading them.
1. Calculate z = (1 + i)/(1 + i) in two different ways. First, use the definition given in lectures. Second,
convert the numbers to polar form and use the formula for division of numbers in polar form. Explain each step
in your working.
To begin, we compute directly from the definition:
(1 + i)(1 + i)
0 2
(1 + i)(1 i)
1 + i + i + 1
1 + i
=
= + i = i.
=
=
1+i
|1 + i|2
12 + 12
2
2 2
Next, we convert to polar form
1 + i = |1 + i|eArg(1+i) =

2ei 4 ,

1 + i = | 1 + i|eArg(1+i) =

2ei

3
4

and apply the formula from lectures:

2 3
1 + i
= ei( 4 4 ) = ei 2 .
1+i
2
Finally, we note
ei( 2 ) := cos


2

+ i sin


2

= i,

as before.
2. Consider the function
(
f (z) =

0
if z = 0
2
z /
z if z 6= 0.

Determine whether f 0 (0) exists. Justify your answer.

The complex function f (z) is differentiable at z = z0 if the limit
f (z0 + w) f (z0 )
w
exists. This condition must be satisfied for all complex numbers w approaching 0.
lim

w0

Here z0 = 0. Let w = h where h R and h > 0. Then

  2

f (z0 + w) f (z0 )
f (0 + h) f (0)
1 h
h2
lim
= lim
= lim
0
= lim 2 = 1
w0
h0
h0 h
h0 h
w
h
h
= h (because h R). Now letting w = ih where h R and h > 0, we obtain
since h
 

 

f (z0 + w) f (z0 )
f (0 + ih) f (0)
1 (ih)2
1 (ih)2
(ih)2
lim
= lim
= lim
0
= lim
= lim
= 1.
w0
h0
h0 ih
h0 ih
h0 (ih)2
w
ih
ih
ih
Since these two limits do not agree, we conclude that f 0 (0) does not exist.
1

3. Determine all the points in the complex plane where each of the following functions are differentiable and
derive a formula for the derivative at points where it exists. Explain your reasoning.
(a) f (z) = (z + 2i)/(z 2) + (z + 2)5
(b) g(x + iy) = (3x + y 2 ) + i(2xy + y)
(a) Since (z + 2i)/(z 2) is a quotient of polynomials, it is well-defined and differentiable for all z 6= 2. In
addition, (z + 2)5 is differentiable for all z C. Therefore
f (z) = (z + 2i)/(z 2) + (z + 2)5
is differentiable for all z 6= 2, and using the quotient and chain rules we obtain:
(z 2) (z + 2i)
+ 5(z + 2)4
(z 2)2
2 + 2i
=
+ 5(z + 2)4
(z 2)2

f 0 (z) =

for all z C \ {2}.

(b) Given g(x + iy) = (3x + y 2 ) + i(2xy + y), let
u(x, y) = 3x + y 2 ,

v(x, y) = 2xy + y

so that g(x + iy) = u(x, y) + iv(x, y). Then the partial derivatives
ux = 3,

uy = 2y,

vx = 2y,

vy = 2x + 1

are continuous for all x + iy C. Furthermore, since

ux vy = 3 (2x + 1) = 2(1 x),

uy + vx = 2y + 2y = 4y,

we observe that the Cauchy-Riemann equations are satisfied if and only if x = 1 and y = 0.
Applying the theorem from lectures, we conclude that g(x + iy) is differentiable only at the point z = 1 + 0i = 1.
The derivative g 0 (1 + i0) is given by
g 0 (x + i0) = (ux + ivx )|(1,0) = 3.
JH
31/7/15