Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Coordinates
Lecture 4
ME 231: Dynamics
A particle moves in a
circular path of radius
r = 0.8 m with constant speed
(v) of 2 m/s. The velocity
undergoes a vector change 'v
from A to B.
Express the magnitude of 'v in terms of v and
'T. Express the time interval 't in terms of v,
'T, and r. Obtain the magnitude of average
acceleration by computing 'v/'t.
ME 231: Dynamics
ME 231: Dynamics
Rectangular (x, y, z)
Polar (r, T, z)
Spherical (R, T, I)
Normal and
Tangential (n, t)
ME 231: Dynamics
Velocity
ds
ds
v ? et
dt
v et
U dE
UE e t
ds
Acceleration
ds
v
ds
et
dt
v et
U dE
UE e t
v v et
dv
a ?
dt
e t
d et
?
dt
dE
dt
en
E e
v
n
en
ME 231: Dynamics
d v e t
v e t v e t
dt
2
v
a ? en v e t
en v e t
8
ME 231: Dynamics
Geometric Interpretation
v2
en v e t
Normal component
is always directed
toward center of
curvature
Tangent component
is directed toward
+t (or -t)
direction
if speed is
increasing
(or decreasing)
ME 231: Dynamics
10
Circular Motion
an
at
UE
v2
v UE
at
P
an
Radius of curvature U
becomes constant r
Angle E is replaced
by angle T
v
an
at
rT
v2
2
rT
r
v rT
ME 231: Dynamics
vT
11
v
e n ve t
r
Particle P moves in a
circular path shown.
Determine the magnitude
of acceleration for:
(a) constant velocity 1.2 m/s
(b) velocity 1.2 m/s and increasing 2.4 m/s
each second
(c) velocity 1.2 m/s and decreasing 4.8 m/s
each second
ME 231: Dynamics
12
ME 231: Dynamics
13
ME 231: Dynamics
14