WP Tank Gauging Measurement Standards Rev. 2007

Gauging Systems Inc.
(GSI)
Innovations in Liquid Level / Mass Tank Gauging
Tank Gauging Standards

Paper updated January 2007
Reference: American Petroleum Institute (API)
Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards
Chapter 1
Vocabulary
Chapter 2.2A Measurement and Calibration of Upright Cylindrical Tanks by the Manual
Strapping Method; 01-Feb-1995
Chapter 2.2B Calibration of Upright Cylindrical Tanks Using the Optical Reference Line
Method; 1st Edition, 01-Mar-1989
Chapter 3
Tank Gauging
Chapter 3.1A Standard Practice for Manual Gauging of Petroleum and Petroleum
Products in Stationary Tanks; First Edition 01-Dec-1994; Current
Revision, dated 5 8/05
Chapter 3.1B Standard Practice for Level Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbons in
Stationary Tanks by Automatic Tank Gauging;
Second Edition, 01-Jun-2001; Revision 1, Reaffirmed 10/06
Chapter 3.2
Tank Gauging--Gauging Petroleum and Petroleum Products in Tank

Cars, Revision 1995; Reaffirmed 3/01
Chapter 3.3
Standard Practice for Level Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbons in

Stationary Pressurized Storage Tanks by Automatic Tank Gauging,
Revision 1996; Reaffirmed 10/06
Chapter 3.4
Standard Practice for Level Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbons on

Marine Vessels by Automatic Tank Gauging; First Edition, April 1995;
Reaffirmed 2/06
Chapter 3.5
Standard Practice for Level Measurement of Light Hydrocarbon Liquids

Onboard Marine Vessels by Automatic Tank Gauging; First Edition,
March 1997; Reaffirmed 3/01
Chapter 3.6
Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbons by Hybrid Tank Measurement

Systems. First Edition, April 2001; Reaffirmed 10/06
(Note: One of two (API 3.6 & 16.2) methods approved for volume
measurement by API)
Chapter 7
Temperature Determination; June 2001
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Phone: (281) 980-3999 Fax: (281) 980-6929 E-mail: gsihoutx@msn.com
Http://www.gaugingsystemsinc.com
Gauging Systems Inc. (GSI)

Chapter 7.1
Static Temperature Determination Using Mercury-in-Glass Tank

Thermometers; 01-Feb-1991
Chapter 7.2
Dynamic Temperature Determination; Second Edition, March 1995
Chapter 7.3
Static Temperature Determination Using Portable Electronic

Thermometers; 01-Jul-1985
Chapter 7.4
Static Temperature Determination Using Fixed Automatic Tank

Thermometers; 01-Jan-1993
Chapter 8.1
Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products; October 1995
Chapter 8.3
Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samples of Petroleum and Petroleum

Products; 10-Jan-1996
Chapter 8.4
Standard Practice for Sampling and Handling of Fuels for Volatility

Measurement; Second Edition, 01-Dec-2004
Chapter 9
Density Determination
Chapter 9.1
Hydrometer Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity),

or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products;
01-Dec-2002
Chapter 9.2
Standard Test Method for Density or Relative Density of Light

Hydrocarbons by Pressure Hydrometer, Second Edition; 01-Mar-2003
Chapter 9.3
Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of
Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Thermohydrometer
Method; 01-Nov-2002
Chapter 10
Sediment and Water
Chapter 10.1 Standard Test Method for Sediment in Crude Oils and Fuel Oils by the
Extraction Method; Second Edition, 01-Oct-2002
Chapter 10.2 Determination of Water in Crude Oil by Distillation;
1st Edition, 01-Apr-1981; Revision 2005.
Chapter 10.3 Standard Test Method for Water and Sediment in Crude Oil by the
Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure), Second Edition
Edition: 01-May-2003
Chapter 10.4 Determination of Sediment and Water in Crude Oil by the Centrifuge
Method (Field Procedure); Third Edition, 01-Jan-1999


Chapter 10.5 Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards, Chapter 10-Sediment and

Water, Section 5-Standard Test Method for Water in Petroleum Products
and Bituminous Materials by Distillation; Fourth Edition, 01-Aug-2005
Chapter 10.6 Standard Test Method for Water and Sediment in Fuel Oils by the
Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure); Fourth Edition, 01-Dec-2004
Chapter 10.7 Sediment and Water - Section 7 - Standard Test Method for Water in
Crude Oils by Potentiometric Karl Fischer Titration; 01-Dec-2002
Chapter 10.8 Standard Test Method for Sediment in Crude Oil by Membrane Filtration;
Second Edition, 01-Nov-2005
Chapter 11.0 Volume Correction Factors
Chapter 11.1 Temperature and pressure volume correction factors for generalized
Crude oils, refined products, and lubricating oils. Revision 4 - May 2004
Chapter 11.1 - 11-50 Temperature and pressure volume correction factors for
generalized Crude oils, refined products, and lubricating oils. Revision 4 May 2004
Chapter 11.1 - 2-10 Temperature and pressure volume correction factors for
generalized Crude oils, refined products, and lubricating oils. Revision 4 May 2004
Chapter 11.1 - 51+ Temperature and pressure volume correction factors for generalized
Crude oils, refined products, and lubricating oils. Revision 4 - May 2004
Chapter 12
Calculation of Petroleum Quantities
Chapter 12.1.1 Interim Guidelines Interim Guidelines for the Determination of Ambient
Air Temperature - Calculation of Petroleum Quantities - Part 1: Upright
Cylindrical Tanks and Marine Vessels; 24-Apr-1998
Chapter 12.1.2 API Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards 12.1.2, Calculation of
Petroleum Quantities; 1st Edition, 01-Nov-2001
Chapter 12.2 Calculation Using Dynamic Measurement Methods and Volumetric
Correction Factors. Edition 01-Jun-2003
Chapter 14
Natural Gas Fluids Measurement
Chapter 14.4 Converting Mass of Natural Gas Liquids and Vapors to Equivalent
Liquid Volumes. First Edition, April 1991


Chapter 14.7 Natural Gas Fluids Measurement: Standard for Mass Measurement of
Natural Gas Liquids; 01-Jan-1995, Revision 2006
Chapter 15
Guidelines for the Use of the International System of Units (SI) in

the Petroleum and Allied Industries. API Publication 2564. Second
Edition, December 1983, Reaffirmed, August 1987
Chapter 16
Measurement of Hydrocarbon Fluids by Weight or Mass
Chapter 16.2 Mass Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbons in Vertical Cylindrical Storage

Tanks by Hydrostatic Tank Gauging. First Edition, November 1994
Reaffirmed 3/02
(Note: One of two methods for volume measurement approved by API)
Chapter 17
Marine Measurement
Chapter 17.2 Measurement of Cargoes On Board Tank Vessels; First Edition, July
1990
Chapter 17.2A Closed and Restricted Measurement; First Edition, November 1995
Chapter 19
Evaporative Loss Measurement
Chapter 19.1 Evaporative Loss from Fixed-Roof Tanks; Third Edition, 01-Mar-2002
Chapter 19.2 Evaporative Loss from Floating Roof Tanks; Second Edition, 01-Sep2003
Chapter 19.3A Wind Tunnel Test Method for the Measurement of Deck-Fitting Loss
Factors for External Floating-Roof Tanks; 01-Jun-1997
Chapter 19.3B Evaporative Loss Measurement: Air Concentration Test Method - Rim
Seal Loss Factors for Internal Floating Roof Tanks; 01-Aug-1997
API RP 500
Recommended Practices for Classification of Locations for Electrical

Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class I, Division I and
Division 2; 2nd Edition, 01-Nov-1997
API 653
Tank Inspections, Repair, Alteration, and Reconstruction

First Edition, January 1991, Supplement 1, January 1992
Addendum 1-Tank Inspection, Repair, Alteration, and Reconstruction;
Third Edition, 08-Sep-2003
Addendum 2; Tank Inspection, Repair, Alteration, and Reconstruction;
Third Edition, 01-Nov-2005
API RP 2003 Recommended Practices for Protection against Ignition Arising Out of
Static, Lightning, and Stray Currents; 10-Sep-1998

API 2509B
Shop Testing of Automatic Liquid Level Gauges

December 1961, Reaffirmed, August 1987
(Mechanical Tank Gauges)
API RP 2510 Recommended Practices for The Design and Construction of Liquefied
Petroleum Gas Installations at Marine and Pipeline Terminals, Natural
Gasoline Plants, Refineries, and Tank Farms; 01-May-2001
API 2545
Method of Gauging Petroleum and Petroleum Products; October 1965,

Reaffirmed, October 1992 (Hand Line Measurement, i.e., Custody
Transfer) WITHDRAWN (See API 3.1 3.4)
Reference: ASTM International (American Standard Testing Materials)

D287-92e1
Test Method for API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Petroleum Products
(Hydrometer Method) 2000
D1250
Volume Correction Factors (Joint Standard with API MPMS Chapter 11.1)
D1250-04
Standard Guide for Use of the Petroleum Measurement Tables; 2000

Adjunct to D1250 Temperature and pressure volume correction factors
for generalized crude oils, refined products, and lubricating oils.
01-May-2004, D1250 ADJ CD-2-10
D1298-99e2
Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), or API

Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by
Hydrometer Method; 10-Jun-1999
D2161-05
Conversion of Kinematic Viscosity to Saybolt Universal Viscosity or to

Saybolt Furol Viscosity; 01-Apr-2005
D4052-96
Density and Relative Density of Liquids by Digital Density Meter;

10-Apr-1996
D4052-96(2002)e1 Standard Test Method for Density and Relative Density of Liquids
by Digital Density Meter; Revised 2002
D4177-95
Automatic Sampling of PETROLEUM and PETROLEUM Products;

10-Apr-2000
D5002-94
D5002-99
Density and Relative Density of Crude Oils by Digital Density Analyzer

Standard Test Method for Density and Relative Density of Crude Oils by
Digital Density Analyzer; Revised 01-Nov-2005


Reference: International Standards Organization (ISO)

Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products
ISO 91-1:1992
Petroleum measurement tables -- Part 1: Tables based on

reference temperatures of 15 degrees C and 60 degrees F
ISO 91-2:1991
Petroleum measurement tables -- Part 2: Tables based on a

reference temperature of 20 degrees C
ISO/CD 3170
ISO 3170 AMD 1
Petroleum liquids -- Manual sampling

Petroleum liquids - Manual sampling; Amendment 1, 01-Feb-1998
ISO 3171:1998
Petroleum liquids Automatic pipeline sampling
ISO 3675:1998
Crude petroleum and liquid petroleum products; Laboratory

determination of density, Hydrometer method
ISO 3838:2004
Crude Petroleum and liquid petroleum products; Determination of

density or relative density, Capillary-stoppered pyknometer and
graduated bicapillary methods.
ISO 3993:1984
Liquefied petroleum gas and light hydrocarbons -- Determination

of density or relative density -- Pressure hydrometer method
ISO 4257:2001
Liquefied petroleum gases; Method of sampling
ISO 4266:1994
Petroleum and liquid petroleum products -- Measurement of

temperature and level in storage tanks -- Automatic methods
ISO 4266 - Part 1: 2002 Petroleum and liquid petroleum products Measurement of
level and temperature in storage tanks by automatic methods Part 1: Measurement of level in atmospheric tanks
ISO 4266 Part 2: 2002 Petroleum and liquid petroleum products - Measurement of
level and temperature in storage tanks by automatic methods -Part 2: Measurement of level in marine vessels
ISO 4266 Part 3:2002 Petroleum and liquid petroleum products - Measurement of
level and temperature in storage tanks by automatic methods Part 3: Measurement of level in pressurized storage tanks (nonrefrigerated)
level and temperature in storage tanks by automatic methods Part 4: Measurement of temperature in atmospheric tanks


ISO 4266 - Part 5: 2002 Petroleum and liquid petroleum products - Measurement of
level and temperature in storage tanks by automatic methods -Part 5: Measurement of temperature in marine vessels
level and temperature in storage tanks by automatic methods Part 6: Measurement of temperature in pressurized storage tanks
(non-refrigerated)
ISO 4268:2000
Petroleum and liquid petroleum products - Temperature

measurements - Manual methods
ISO 4269:2001
Petroleum and liquid petroleum products - Tank calibration by

liquid measurement; Incremental method using volumetric meters
ISO 4512:2000
Petroleum and liquid petroleum products Equipment for

measurement of liquid levels in storage tanks; Manual method.
ISO 5024:1999
Petroleum liquids and liquefied petroleum gases Measurement;

Standard reference conditions
ISO/TR 7507-1:2003 Petroleum and liquid petroleum products -- Calibration of vertical

cylindrical tanks; Part 1: Strapping method
cylindrical tanks; Part 2: Optical-reference-line method
cylindrical tanks; Part 3: Optical-triangulation method
cylindrical tanks; Part 4: Internal electro-optical distance-ranging
method
cylindrical tanks; Part 5: External electro-optical distance-ranging
method
cylindrical tanks -- Part 6: Recommendations for monitoring,
checking and verification of tank calibration and capacity table
ISO 8222:2002
Petroleum measurement systems -- Calibration -- Temperature

corrections for use when calibrating volumetric proving tanks
ISO 9770:1989
Crude petroleum and petroleum products Compressibility factors

for hydrocarbons in the range 638 Kg/m3 to 1,074 kg/m3


ISO 11223:2004
Petroleum and liquid petroleum products -- Direct static

measurements Measurement of contents of vertical storage
tanks by hydrostatic tank gauging
ISO 11223-1:1995
Petroleum and liquid petroleum products -- Direct static

measurements -- Contents of vertical storage tanks -- Part 1:
Mass measurement by hydrostatic tank gauging; Revision 3,
5/19/03 WITHDRAWN
ISO 12917-1:2002
Petroleum and liquid petroleum products Calibration of

horizontal cylinder tanks; Part 1: Manual methods
ISO 12917-2:2002
Petroleum and liquid petroleum products Calibration of

horizontal cylinder tanks; Part 2: Internal electro-optical distance
ranging method
ISO 15169:2003
Petroleum and liquid petroleum products Determination of

volume, density and mass of the hydrocarbon content of vertical
cylindrical tanks by Hybrid tank measurement systems.
Reference: British Standards

BS 7849 P1
Petroleum and Petroleum Products Direct Static Measurements;

Contents of vertical storage tanks, Part 1 Mass Measurement by
Hydrostatic Tank Gauging. Revision 1996
Reference: Organisation Internationale de Metrologie Legale (OIML)

(Organization International of Metrology Legal)
R 85 - EN
Automatic level gauges for measuring the level of liquid in fixed storage
tanks
1998
R 117 - EN
Measuring systems for liquids other than water
1995
R 125 - EN
Measuring systems for the mass of liquids in tanks
1998
NOTE: OIML has yet to adopt a standard for Hybrid measurement of liquids in fixed
storage tanks. API, ISO, GOST, BS and others have adopted Hybrid and Hydrostatic as
the two methods for volumetric measurement. Everyone else in the world recognizes
that volume is not determined by level alone.
The standards and publications listed are available through the organization referenced;
American Petroleum Institute (API), ASTM International, International Standards
Organization (ISO), and the International Organization of Legal Metrology (OIML).
If you have trouble finding these standards, contact Gauging Systems Inc. (GSI).



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Gauging Systems Inc.

Tank Gauging Standards

Tank Gauging--Gauging Petroleum and Petroleum Products in Tank

Standard Practice for Level Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbons in

Standard Practice for Level Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbons on

Standard Practice for Level Measurement of Light Hydrocarbon Liquids

Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbons by Hybrid Tank Measurement

Temperature Determination; June 2001

910 Industrial Blvd., Suite A Sugar Land, Texas 77478

Gauging Systems Inc. (GSI)

Static Temperature Determination Using Mercury-in-Glass Tank

Dynamic Temperature Determination; Second Edition, March 1995

Static Temperature Determination Using Portable Electronic

Static Temperature Determination Using Fixed Automatic Tank

Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products; October 1995

Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samples of Petroleum and Petroleum

Standard Practice for Sampling and Handling of Fuels for Volatility

Hydrometer Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity),

Standard Test Method for Density or Relative Density of Light

Sediment and Water

910 Industrial Blvd., Suite A Sugar Land, Texas 77478

Gauging Systems Inc. (GSI)

Chapter 10.5 Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards, Chapter 10-Sediment and

Calculation of Petroleum Quantities

Natural Gas Fluids Measurement

910 Industrial Blvd., Suite A Sugar Land, Texas 77478

Gauging Systems Inc. (GSI)

Guidelines for the Use of the International System of Units (SI) in

Measurement of Hydrocarbon Fluids by Weight or Mass

Chapter 16.2 Mass Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbons in Vertical Cylindrical Storage

Evaporative Loss Measurement

Recommended Practices for Classification of Locations for Electrical

Tank Inspections, Repair, Alteration, and Reconstruction

Gauging Systems Inc. (GSI)

Shop Testing of Automatic Liquid Level Gauges

Method of Gauging Petroleum and Petroleum Products; October 1965,

Reference: ASTM International (American Standard Testing Materials)

Standard Guide for Use of the Petroleum Measurement Tables; 2000

Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), or API

Conversion of Kinematic Viscosity to Saybolt Universal Viscosity or to

Density and Relative Density of Liquids by Digital Density Meter;

Automatic Sampling of PETROLEUM and PETROLEUM Products;

Density and Relative Density of Crude Oils by Digital Density Analyzer

910 Industrial Blvd., Suite A Sugar Land, Texas 77478

Gauging Systems Inc. (GSI)

Reference: International Standards Organization (ISO)

Petroleum measurement tables -- Part 1: Tables based on

Petroleum measurement tables -- Part 2: Tables based on a

Petroleum liquids -- Manual sampling

Petroleum liquids Automatic pipeline sampling

Crude petroleum and liquid petroleum products; Laboratory

Crude Petroleum and liquid petroleum products; Determination of

Liquefied petroleum gas and light hydrocarbons -- Determination

Liquefied petroleum gases; Method of sampling

Petroleum and liquid petroleum products -- Measurement of

910 Industrial Blvd., Suite A Sugar Land, Texas 77478

Gauging Systems Inc. (GSI)

Petroleum and liquid petroleum products - Temperature

Petroleum and liquid petroleum products - Tank calibration by

Petroleum and liquid petroleum products Equipment for

Petroleum liquids and liquefied petroleum gases Measurement;

ISO/TR 7507-1:2003 Petroleum and liquid petroleum products -- Calibration of vertical

Petroleum measurement systems -- Calibration -- Temperature