TUTORIAL QUESTIONS ON THERMODYNAMICS (GEC 221).

Q1. 0.05m3 of a gas at 6.9 bar expands reversibly in a cylinder behind a piston according to the law
pv1.2 = Constant until the volume is 0.083. Compute the work done by the gas and sketch the process
on a p-v diagram (15300NM).
Q2. 1Kg of a fluid is compressed reversibly to a law pv = 0.25 where p is in bar and v in m3/kg. The
fluid volume is 25% of the initial volume. Calculate the work done on the fluid and sketch the process
on a p-v diagram. (34660NM).
Q3. 1kg of a fluid expands reversibly according to a linear law from 4.2bar to 1.4bar. The initial and
final volumes are 0.004m3 and 0.02m3 respectively. The fluid is then cooled reversibly and constant
pressure and finally compressed reversibly according to a law pv = constant back to the initial
condition of 4.2bar and 0.004m3 .calculate the work done in each process stating whether it is done on
or by the fluid and calculate the net work of the cycle. Sketch the cycle on a p-v diagram (4480Nm, 1120Nm, -1845Nm, 1515Nm).
Q4. A fluid expands adiabatically from a volume of 1m3 to a volume of 2m3 by flowing into an
evacuated chamber. The initial pressure of the fluid is 10bar. What is the change in internal energy of
the fluid? (0)
Q5. A steam turbine receives a steam flow of 1.35kg/s and delivers 500kW. The heat loss from the
casing is negligible.
a. Find the change of enthalpy across the turbine when the velocities at the entrance and exit and
the difference in elevation at the entrance and exit are negligible.
b. Find the change of enthalpy across the turbine when the velocity at entrance is 60m/s, the
velocity at exit is 360m/s and the inlet pipe is 3m above the exhaust pipe. (370kJ/kg,
433kJ/kg).
Q6. The mass flow rate of air flowing steadily through a compressor is 0.5kg/s. The velocity,
Pressure and Specific volume of air are 6m/s, 1bar and 0.85m 3/kg respectively at entry and
4.5m/s, 7.0bar and 0.2m3/kg respectively at exit from the compressor. The internal energy of the
air leaving is 80kJ/kg greater than that of air entering cooling water in a jacket surrounding the
cylinder absorbs heat from the air at the rate of 59kJ/s. Calculate the power required to drive the
compressor at the inlet and outlet pipe Cross-Sectional areas. (-68.105kJ/s, 0.071m2, 0.022m2).

Q7. A mass of 2kg of ammonia existing as a saturated vapor at temperature 500C is taken by a
reversible process to become saturated vapour at temperature 200C. What is the maximum useful
work that can be obtained from this process in an environment at 1bar and 150C? The following
properties apply to saturated ammonia vapour.
t(s) 0C

P(s) bar

Ug m3/kg

hg, kJ/kg

Sg kJ/kg

50
20.33
0.0635
1474.7
4.773
20
8.57
0.1494
1462.6
5.095
Note: Subscript, s, indicates saturation values and subscript, g indicates gaseous phase.
(95.186KJ/Kg).
Q8. A system consists of a pure dissipative element and a pure thermal element with a heat
capacity of 50kJ/K. it experiences an irreversible work transfer interaction which takes the system
from state 1 at a temperature of 300K to state 2 at a temperature of 310K. If no heat is
transferred during this irreversible process, calculate the change in entropy of the system.
(1.6395kJ/kgK).

Q9. When a certain perfect gas is heated at constant Pressure from150C to 950C, the heat
required is 1136kJ/kg. When the same gas is heated at constant volume between the same
temperatures the heat required is 808kJ/kg. Calculate Cp, Cv, , R and the molecular weight of
the gas. (14.2kJ/kg, 10.1kJ/kg, 1.406, 4.1kJ/kgK, 2.028).
Q10. 1kg of the steam at a pressure of bar and having a volume of 0.312m3 is confined inside a
cylinder equipped with a frictionless piston. If 1500kJ of heat is allowed into the steam its pressure
is kept constant, how much work does the steam do? (286kJ).
Q11. A compressor takes in 500kg/min of air at 0.98bar and 180C and delivers it at 5.5bar and
680C. The diameter of the intake and delivery pipes are respectively 450mm and 200mm and the
Compressor is driven by a motor 1000kW. Determine the air velocities in the intake and delivery
pipes and assuming that all the energy from the motor is transmitted to the air, estimate the rate at
which heat is transferred to or from the air during compression. (U1=44.7m/s, U2=47.2m/s, Q=580W).