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TES-P-103.04, Rev. 0
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0
SCOPE
2.0
3.0
SAFETY
3.1
3.2
3.3
4.0
5.0
Protective equipment
Precautions
Depiction of Instructions/Danger/Warning Signs
Receiving Inspection
Unpacking
Storage
Assembly of Racks
Cell Mounting & Connection
Freshening/Initial Charge
6.0
SITE TESTS
7.0
8.0
BIBLIOGRAPHY
TESP10304R0/MAK
PAGE NO. 2 OF 17
1.
SCOPE
1.1
2.0
TES-P-103.04, Rev. 0
This standard outlines the general requirements of indoor installation of Lead Acid
and Nickel-Cadmium Stationery Batteries for the following applications:
1.2
This standard shall also be applicable for replacement of existing batteries by new
batteries. The requirements of installations shall be thoroughly checked and
complied with, especially when the type and size of replacement battery is different
from the existing ones.
1.3
Ni-cad (Nickel-Cadmium) batteries which are being used by SEC for solar
applications.
46-TMSS-01
2.2
46-TMSS-04
2.3
46-TMSS-06
2.4
TES-P-103.02
2.5
TES-P-119.02
2.6
TES-P-119.19
2.7
TES-P-119.21
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3.0
TES-P-103.04, Rev. 0
2.8
TES-P-119.25
2.9
TES-K-100.01
SAFETY
Work on batteries shall be performed only by knowledgeable authorized personnel with
proper safety tools and protective equipment.
3.1
Protective Equipment:
The following equipment for safe handling of the battery and protection of the
personnel shall be available.
3.2
a.
b.
c.
d.
Water facilities for rinsing eyes and skin in case of contact with electrolyte.
e.
f.
g.
h.
Spill containment kit when moving cells in case of vented type batteries.
i.
Precautions:
The following safety precautions shall be followed prior to and during installation.
TESP10304R0/MAK
a.
b.
c.
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3.3
TES-P-103.04, Rev. 0
d.
e.
Keep the top of the battery clear of all tools and foreign objects. Do not allow
metal objects to fall across terminals.
f.
g.
h.
Preferably remove all rings, watches and other items with metal parts before
working on battery.
i.
Neutralize any possible static charge from clothing and tools by touching an
earth connected parts such as door, water pipes etc. before working on the
battery. Do not wear nylon coats or overall as they create static electricity.
j.
k.
l.
For protection wear rubber gloves long sleeves and appropriate splash
goggles or face shield when handling electrolyte or cells.
m.
n.
o.
In case of utilizing CO2 fire extinguisher, caution should be taken not to use
CO2 directly on the battery cell as the thermal shock may cause cracking of
the battery case and release electrolyte.
p.
q.
Safety Instructions
Operation and maintenance instruction (in English and Arabic) compiled on
permanent type, non-fad able, corrosion resistant plastic shall be provided in
the battery room. This shall depict besides other instructions, warnings as
applicable for the following:
a.
TESP10304R0/MAK
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3.3.2
TES-P-103.04, Rev. 0
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
Warning/Danger Signs
The following warning/danger signs (in English and Arabic) shall be posted
permanently in near proximity of the batteries as well as outside the battery
room:
a.
Danger Acid/chemical
b.
Danger No Smoking
c.
d.
e.
3.3.3
Eye/skin wash facilities shall be provided in the battery room as per TES-P119.19.
3.3.4
4.0
TESP10304R0/MAK
PAGE NO. 6 OF 17
4.1
TES-P-103.04, Rev. 0
Vented type, lead acid batteries require a dedicated battery room because of
emission of hydrogen gas and acid vapors. It requires regular maintenance
especially of topping up of electrolyte.
4.1.2
VRLA type, lead acid batteries do not really require a dedicated battery room
as the batteries will be working on gas recombination principle Even during
charging (float/equalize/boost) at the rate recommended by the manufacturer
and with automatic temperature compensation feature provided in the
charger, hardly any gas or vapor is released. It requires less maintenance as
the batteries are of sealed type.
4.1.3
4.1.4
Considering the above criteria, the present, accepted SEC philosophy for
selecting the type of battery shall be as follows:
a.
b.
4.1.5
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TES-P-103.04, Rev. 0
4.1.6
4.2
b.
c.
When dedicated batteries are installed for UPS, the batteries may be
vented or VRLA depending upon the availability or otherwise of
separate battery room.
d.
For UPS system with low battery voltage (24 volts and lower) and
low power capacity, when the batteries are cabinet mounted similar to
Para 4.1.6 below, it is essential that these batteries be of VRLA type.
4.2.2
4.2.3
TESP10304R0/MAK
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4.3
TES-P-103.04, Rev. 0
b.
c.
The racks which support battery cells shall be of metal with insulating
material between the cells and the support. The metal shall be treated
to resist the corrosive action of the electrolyte. If the battery is not
accessible from the rear, not more than two rows of batteries shall be
installed. The top of the cells in the highest tier shall not be over 1.5
meters from the ground level so that filing (applicable for vented
batteries) and testing operations are not impeded.
4.2.4
When batteries are not installed in a separate/dedicated battery room, the live
parts shall be guarded against accidental contact by means of easily fitting,
manufacturer supplied, snap-on-type terminal covers and insulated
conductors for the inter cell, inter-row and inter-tier connectors. When
terminal covers are not provided; the live parts shall be protected by easily
removable barrier made of woven wire on a steel frame or steel pipe rail with
removable sections or by other suitable means utilizing noncombustible
materials.
4.2.5
Infrastructure
The battery room, the fittings and accessories - the entire infrastructure inside
the battery room shall be designed suitable for housing vented type lead acid
batteries for providing total flexibility. This will permit installation of either
vented type lead acid or VRLA type or nickel-cadmium batteries during new
installation or replacement installation, should a need arise in the future.
4.3.2
Location
a. Relative location in the building:
The battery room shall be located essentially on the periphery of the
building so that one of the room walls has direct communication with the
atmosphere. The battery room shall be accessible only from outside the
control building. This will facilitate venting out of hydrogen gas directly
to the atmosphere. When the battery room is trapped in between other
rooms on all sides and exhausting directly to the atmosphere becomes
impossible, a separate ventilation lead duct with exhaust fan shall be
provided with an exhaust air grille and fire damper.
b. The battery room shall be to the extent possible, located near the battery
charger and dc load centre. For communication battery, the battery room
TESP10304R0/MAK
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TES-P-103.04, Rev. 0
Ceilings of battery room shall be a minimum 3m from floor level. The battery
room shall be sealed vapor tight, especially near the ceiling, to eliminate
sneak path and prevent hydrogen gas leaking to other parts of the building.
No penetrations except air conditioning inlets and ventilation exhaust ducts
are permitted 2.1 m above the floor. Any other penetrations which are
essential and unavoidable such as lighting conduits, plumbing pipes etc. shall
be done as near to the floor level as possible. These penetrations shall be
effectively sealed against fire and air/gas.
4.3.4
Batteries shall be positioned in the battery room to remain away from any
heat source including direct sunlight.
4.3.5
4.3.6
b.
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TES-P-103.04, Rev. 0
4.3.7
b.
Space above the topmost cells shall be such as to allow for the
maintenance of lighting fixtures, access space for lifting/lowering
devices with clear lifting headroom for removal/replacement of
defective cells and taking measurements of cell voltages.
Provision
of
suitable
lifting/lowering
facilities
for
removal/replacement of defective cells and access for the
movement/operation of these devices.
4.3.9
4.3.10 Battery room shall be adequately lighted. The lighting levels, types of
fixtures, locations of fixtures etc. shall conform to TES-P-119.25.
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TES-P-103.04, Rev. 0
4.3.11 Battery room shall house only the batteries and battery related accessories.
The accessories shall be corrosion resistant except lighting fixtures (which
shall be located at a minimum distance of 1.5 meter from any part of battery),
no other electrical equipment including battery chargers/inverts/static
switch/load break switch for battery circuit shall be located inside the battery
room. The lighting fixtures shall preferably be offset located with respect to
the battery when 1.5 m minimum vertical clearance is not available.
Load break switch when provided in the battery circuit for local isolation of
the battery bank, shall be located outside the battery room near the entrance
door.
4.3.12 Manned workstations shall not be located in battery rooms because of the
possible exposure of personnel to acid fumes and explosive hydrogen.
4.4
Air Conditioning
Batteries are designed to operate at 20C or 25C (depending upon the manufacturer
recommendation) ambient temperature and their service life gets drastically reduced
at higher operating temperature due to increased chemical reaction.
Considering the above the guidelines given below shall be followed regarding the air
conditioning requirements for battery installation.
TESP10304R0/MAK
4.4.1
Both VRLA and vented battery installation shall be necessarily located in air
conditioned environment.
4.4.2
4.4.3
b.
Provide sufficient positive pressure to drive out the hydrogen gas and
acidic vapor generated by the batteries to avoid build up of corrosive
vapors and explosive gas mixture.
c.
d.
Be such that, air from battery room does not join the central air
conditioning systems to prevent vapors and hydrogen from mixing
with the building air.
e.
PAGE NO. 12 OF 17
4.5
Ventilation
4.5.1
4.6
TES-P-103.04, Rev. 0
b.
4.5.2
4.5.3
The ventilation fan requirement and ventilation system design shall conform
to TES-K-100.01
TESP10304R0/MAK
4.6.1
Since the exhaust fan directly handles the hydrogen gas, it is essential that the
fan motor has to be explosion-proof. The fan and fan motor shall also be
corrosion-proof.
4.6.2
4.6.3
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4.7
TES-P-103.04, Rev. 0
Grounding
The grounding of batteries shall be carried out as follows:
5.0
4.7.1
4.7.2
4.7.3
Receiving Inspection
On receipt of the battery at site and prior to installation it is important to verify that
the number of cells, battery type and model specified is what was received. A
detailed inspection of each cell should be made to confirm that the cell did not incur
any damage during shipping/transportation.
5.2
Unpacking
5.2.1
Always lift the battery by bottom, never by terminal posts. Use strap or strap
spreader as applicable.
5.2.2. If the cells are supplied filled, check electrolyte level for evidence of leakage
and to ensure that the plates are covered. Electrolyte should be added to any
cell in which the electrolyte level is below the top of the plates.
5.2.3
If the cells are supplied unfilled, do not remove the plastic transportation seals
until the cells are to be filled.
5.2.4
All cells with defects such as cracked jar, loose terminal posts, improperly
aligned plates or other irreparable defects should be replaced.
TESP10304R0/MAK
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5.3
TES-P-103.04, Rev. 0
Storage
Store the batteries indoor in a clean, cool and ventilated location. The recommended
storage temperature is 0C-30C. Storage at higher temperature will increase the self
discharge rate. The batteries should not be stored more than the period recommended
by the manufacturer, without applying a charge to the battery.
5.4
Assembly of Racks
Assemble the battery racks conforming to 46-TMSS-01 or 46-TMSS-04 or 46TMSS-06 (as applicable) accordance with manufacturers instructions. Racks shall
be firmally anchored, preferably to the floor. Anchoring the rack to both the floor
and the wall is not recommended as it may cause stress due to conflicting modes of
vibration in case of seismic forces.
5.5
TESP10304R0/MAK
a.
If the cells are supplied unfilled, they should be filled in accordance with the
manufacturers recommendation before mounting on the racks.
b.
c.
Remove the transport seals and ensure that flame arrester vents are properly
installed.
Check cell polarity for positive to negative connections through out the
battery bank.
e.
Unless otherwise instructed by the manufacturer clean all the terminal posts
with non metallic brush and apply thin film of manufacturers approved
corrosion inhibiting compound.
f.
Make inter cell connections using connectors furnished with the battery.
g.
h.
Measure the voltage of the battery to ensure that cells are connected correctly
(the total voltage should be approximately equal to the number of cells
multiplied by the measured voltage of one cell).
i.
j.
PAGE NO. 15 OF 17
k.
5.6
TES-P-103.04, Rev. 0
Freshening/Initial Charge
An initial charge should be applied after installation. Filled and charged cells also
require recharging to compensate for self discharge. Follow manufacturers
instructions regarding applied voltage and duration of freshening charge. During
freshening charge, periodic battery readings (voltage and temperature of cells,
specific gravityof cells electrolyte) shall be recorded as per manufacturers
instructions. The cells shall be thoroughly inspected for any abnormality.
6.0
SITE TESTS
Site tests including acceptance and commissioning tests shall be carried out as specified in
TCS-P-105 and in accordance with IEEE 450, IEEE 1106 and IEEE 1188 or equivalnt IEC
standards as applicable. The battery banks are required to be discharged to their end voltage
irrespective of discharge duration to determine actual bank capacity as a percent of its rated
capacity. After determining the actual battery bank capacity , the battery shall be charged as
per manufacrurers instructions.
7.0
8.0
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. IEEE 450
2. IEEE 484
3. IEEE 1106
4. IEEE 1187
TESP10304R0/MAK
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TES-P-103.04, Rev. 0
5. IEEE 1188
6. IEC 61438
7. NESC/ANSI C2
8. NFPA 70
TESP10304R0/MAK
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