PAPER 3

ANSWERS Q1: AMYLASE

No.Item
(a)(i)

Explanation
Able to state two different observation correctly.
1. When the concentration of salivary amylase is 0.5%, the
taken for the hydrolysis of starch to be completed is 20
minutes.
2. When the concentration of salivary amylase is 1.5%, the
taken for the hydrolysis of starch to be completed is 4
minutes

Score

K1:manipulated K2: responding K3: relationship

(a)(ii)

Able to make correct inferences for both observations

( Inference must match observation)
1. Activity of amylase is low. Less number of salivary amylase
present/ concentration of salivary amylase is low to hydrolyse
the starch.
2. Activity of amylase is high. More number of salivary amylase
present/ concentration of salivary amylase is low to hydrolyse
the starch

(b)

Able to record all 3 readings for the length of air column

correctly.
Percentage concentration
of salivary amylase
0.5%
1.0%
1.5%

Time taken /minutes

19
10
4

Able to write the 3 variables and 3 methods to handle the

variables correctly.

variable
Manipulated variable
Concentration of salivary
amylase

Responding variable
Time taken for the hydrolysis of
starch to be completed

OR
Rate of salivary amylase
activity

Constant variable
Volume of starch solution
Volume of amylase solution
Temperature

(d)

Method to handle variable

3
Use different concentration of
salivary amylase eg 0.5%, 1.0%
and 1.5%

Measure and record the time

taken for the hydrolysis of
starch to be completed using
stopwatch
OR
Calculate and record the rate of
salivary amylase activity using
formula 1/time

Use the same volume of starch

solution/ amylase solution ie 1
ml
OR
Use the same temperature ie
37C

Able to write a suitable hypothesis correctly base on the 3 criteria:

Manipulated variable
Responding variable
Relationship
Sample answer:
The higher the concentration of salivary amylase, the shorter the time
taken for starch solution to hydrolyse completely

e(i)
concentration Time

Rate of reaction

of salivary
amylase (%)
0.5
1.0
1.5

taken
(minute)
19
10
4

(minutes-1)
0.05
0.10
0.25

All titles (with units) correct , all data stated correct.

At least one title incorrect , or no units or not all data correct
Titles incorrect/inaccurate/ + all correct data in at least 2 columns

3
2
1

(e) (ii) Refer graph paper

(f)

Able to write the relationship between manipulated variable and

responding variable correctly and the reason .
P1: Manipulated variables, Responding variables
R1 : reason 1
R2 : Reason 2
3
P1 While the concentration of salivary amylase increases, the rate
of reaction of the enzyme increases.
R1 The number of salivary amylase increases to hydrolyse starch
completely.
R2 So the time becomes shorter.

(g)

Able to deduce the rate of salivary amylase activity

The rate of salivary amylase activity is the time taken for the starch
to hydrolysed completely when reacts with 1 ml of different
concentration of salivary amylase and is recorded using
stopwatch.

(g)

Able to write the prediction about the time taken to hydrolyse when
the temperature less than optimum temperature:
The time taken for the starch to hydrolyse is longer , more than 5
minutes.
At temperature 20oC, the enzyme is less active to hydrolyse starch.
Less enzyme substrate complex is formed.

(i)

Able to classify the correct material and apparatus

Apparatus

Material

Cavity tile

Salivary amylase

6 = 3m

Stop watch

Starch solution

4-5= 2m

Thermometer

Iodine

2-3=1m

ANSWERS Q2 : EFFECT OF TSA/V RATIO ON THE RATE OF DIFFUSION OF

SUBSTANCES
Construct
1. Problem

Sample answer
Able to relate P1, P2 and H in a question form.

Note on scoring
P1 = Manipulated

Statement

Sample answer:
1. How does the TSA/V ratio affect the rate of
diffusion of the substances?
2. What is the effect of TSA/V ratio on the rate of
diffusion of substances?
Sample answer(inaccurate):
1. Does the TSA/V ratio affect the rate of diffusion
of the substances.
2. TSA/V ratio affects the rate of diffusion of the
substances.
Sample answer(at idea level):
1.What is the TSA/V ratio of the potato
cube?

variable.
P2 = Responding
variable.
H = How does..?
P1 + P2 + H
=3
P1+P2, HX
=2

P1, P2X, HX
= 1

None of the above/No response

2.Hypothesis

Able to relate P1, P2 and H

Sample answer:
1. As the TSA/V ratio increases, the rate of diffusion
of the substances increases.
2. The larger the TSA/V ratio, the higher the rate of
diffusion of the substances.

0
P1 = Man .Var.
P2 = Resp. Var.
H = larger
higher
P1+P2+H
=3

Sample answer(inaccurate):
1. TSA/V ratio affect / influence the rate of diffusion
of the substances.

P1+P2, HX
=2

Sample answer(at idea level):

1. The TSA/V ratio increases due to the
size of potato cube.
2. The TSA/V ratio affected by the size of potato
cube.
None of the above/No response
3. Variables
Manipulated
:
Responding :
Fixed :
4. Materials

P1, P2X, HX
=1

Total surface area to volume (TSA/V) ratio of the

potato cube // volume of potato cubes.
Rate of diffusion // percentage of coloured area.
Concentration / volume of coloured water// time taken
// type of potato

All three variables

correct = 3
Two variables
correct = 2
One variable corect
=1

Materials = coloured water, potato and filter

3 M + 5 App = 3

and
Apparatus

paper/tissue paper

3 M + 4 App = 2
2 M + 2/3 App = 1

Apparatus = pencil knife/blade, white tiles, forceps,

stopwatch and grided transparency sheet.
5. Procedure

K1-Preparation of materials & apparatus

(At least 3K1)
- Potato are cut into three cubes which is
1 cm3, 8 cm3, 27 cm3 and 64 cm3.
- Place each potato cube in a beaker containing
100ml of coloured water for
20 minutes.
- After 20 minutes, the potato cubes are cut into two
halves.
- Tabulate all data.
K2 Operating Fixed Variable
(At least one K2)
- Volume or concentration of coloured water
mentioned and fixed in the experiment.
- Time for experiment mentioned and fixed.
K3 Operating Responding Variable
(At least one K3)
- Draw and shade the coloured area on the grided
transparency.
- Measure / estimate coloured area in each potato
cube using a grided transparency.
- Calculate the percentage of coloured area in each
potato cube.
K4 Operating Manipulated Variable
- Use different size of potato cubes such as 1 cm3, 8
cm3, 27 cm3 and 64 cm3 .
K5 Precaution / Accuracy of experiment
- The outer surface of the potato cubes
are dried using filter paper.
* Refer to Sample Procedure

All 5K = 3m
3 4 K = 2m
2 K only = 1m
1 K = 0m

6. Recording

Able to construct a table to record all data with the

following aspects :

data

( Results )

Complete = 2
Any 1 missing = 1

3 titles with correct units ( where concern )

No data is required
Refer to Sample Results

Sample Procedure :
1. Potato is cut into cubes which is 1 cm3, 8 cm3, 27 cm3 and 64 cm3.
2. Each potato cubes is placed in a beaker containing 100ml of coloured water for
20 minutes.After 20 minutes, the potato cubes are cut into two halves.
3. The outer surface of the potato cubes are dried using filter paper.
4. The transparency sheet is placed on the top of cut surface.
5. The area that is stained red is drawn and shaded on the grided transparency.
6. Coloured area in each potato cubes is measured / estimated
by using a grided transparency.
7. The percentage of coloured area in each potato cube is calculated and recorded.
Sample Results :

Size of cubes / cm3

1
8
27
64

Percentage of coloured
area / %

Rate of diffusion
of potato cube / %min-3