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Unidad 1
ndice
1. PRESENTE SIMPLE: VERBO TO BE ............................................................................................ 3
1.1. Usos ............................................................................................................................................. 3
1.2. Formacin .................................................................................................................................... 3
2. PRESENTE SIMPLE: VERBO HAVE GOT .................................................................................... 6
2.1. Usos ............................................................................................................................................. 6
2.2. Formacin .................................................................................................................................... 6
2.3. Have to ......................................................................................................................................... 9
3. PRESENTE SIMPLE: OTROS VERBOS ......................................................................................... 10
3.1. Usos ........................................................................................................................................... 10
3.2. Formacin .................................................................................................................................. 11
4. HBITOS, RUTINAS Y AFICIONES PERSONALES ...................................................................... 15
4.1. Qu haces por las maanas? What do you do in the morning? ............................................. 15
4.2. Cules son tus aficiones? What are your hobbies? ................................................................ 16
5. MEDIOS DE TRANSPORTE ............................................................................................................ 18
5.1. On the road = Por carretera ....................................................................................................... 18
5.2. In the air = Por aire .................................................................................................................... 18
5.3. In the water = Por mar ............................................................................................................... 18
5.4. Verbos asociados al transporte ................................................................................................. 18
6. ADVERBIOS DE FRECUENCIA ...................................................................................................... 19
6.1. How often? Con qu frecuencia? / Cuntas veces? ............................................................. 19
6.2. Otras expresiones que indican frecuencia: ................................................................................ 20
7. PRONUNCIACIN ............................................................................................................................ 22
7.1. Tabla de smbolos fonticos ...................................................................................................... 22
EJERCICIOS DE AUTOCOMPROBACIN ......................................................................................... 23
SOLUCIN A LOS EJERCICIOS DE AUTOCOMPROBACIN ......................................................... 24
SITIOS WEB DE REFERENCIA ........................................................................................................... 25
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1.1. Usos
Las formas afirmativa y negativa pueden aparecer contradas o sin contraer (short form or full
form).
He is happy. Hes happy (afirmativa)
l est feliz
Lo normal es usar la forma contrada en el lenguaje oral por simple economa lingstica.
La forma interrogativa es la inversin de la afirmativa.
Bob is in Valoria. Is Bob in Len?
1.2. Formacin
Trataremos de la conjugacin de este verbo en diferentes tipos de oraciones:
afirmativas
negativas, e
interrogativas
Affirmative sentences
Full forms
Contracted forms
I am
You are
He is
She is
It is
We are
You are
They are
I'm
You're
He's
She's
It's
We 're
You 're
They 're
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Negative sentences
Full forms
Contracted forms
I am not
You are not
He is not
She is not
It is not
We are not
You are not
They are not
I 'm not
You aren't
He isn't
She isn't
It isn't
We aren't
You aren't
They aren't
Positive answers
Am I?
Are you?
Is he?
Is she?
Is it?
Are we?
Are you?
Are they?
Actividad 1.
Yes, I am
Yes, you are
Yes, he is
Yes, she is
Yes, it is
Yes, we are
Yes, you are
Yes, they are
Negative answers
No, I 'm not
No, you aren't
No, he isn't
No, she isn't
No, it isn't
No, we aren't
No, you aren't
No, they aren't
2.
Sam................. at home.
3.
4.
5.
They................. in a restaurant.
6.
He................. a teacher.
7.
I................. Italian.
8.
We................. at a concert.
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Actividad 2.
They................. in school.
2.
He................. a student.
3.
I................. an Englishman.
4.
5.
They................. at home.
6.
Tony................. in a restaurant.
7.
8.
Actividad 3.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Actividad 4.
1.
2.
3.
................. I crazy?
4.
5.
................. we English?
6.
................. I English?
7.
8.
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2.1. Usos
Tienen un ordenador
Tienes diccionario?
Tengo un hermano
2.2. Formacin
Trataremos de la conjugacin de este verbo en diferentes tipos de oraciones:
afirmativas
negativas, e
interrogativas
Affirmative sentences
Full forms
I have got
You have got
He has got
Contracted forms
I 've got
You 've got
He 's got
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Negative sentences
Full forms
Contracted forms
I haven't got
You haven't got
He hasn't got
She hasn't got
It hasn't got
We haven't got
You haven't got
They haven't
got
Actividad 5.
Positive answers
Yes, I have
Yes, you have
Yes, he has
Yes, she has
Yes, it has
Yes, we have
Yes, you have
Yes, they have
Negative answers
No, I haven't
No, you haven't
No, he hasn't
No, she hasn't
No, it hasn't
No, we haven't
No, you haven't
No, they haven't
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
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Actividad 6.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Actividad 7.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
RECUERDA
En Estados Unidos (ingls americano) el verbo HAVE se utiliza de manera que no
se le considera verbo auxiliar, por lo que necesita de un auxiliar (do, does, did)
para formar la negacin y la interrogacin tanto en presente simple como en
pasado simple.
AFIRMATIVO
I have
you have
he has
she has
it has
we have
you have
they have
NEGATIVO
I dont have
you dont have
he doesnt have
she doesnt have
it doesnt have
we dont have
you dont have
they dont have
INTERROGATIVO
Do I have?
Do you have?
Does he have?
Does she have?
Does it have?
Do we have?
Do you have?
Do they have?
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2.3. Have to
"Have to" es un verbo semiauxiliar* que se suele traducir por "tener que" e indica que la obligacin
viene de normas externas, una tercera persona o de una circunstancia (no es una obligacin moral
interna).
I have to do what my parents say.
Negativo
I have to work
He has to work
It has to work
We have to work
Interrogativo
Do I have to work?
Do you have to work?
Does he have to work?
Does she have to work?
Does it have to work?
Do we have to work?
Do you have to work?
Do they have to work?
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Actividad 8.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Hbitos:
He plays tennis every Sunday
Verdades generales:
Birds dont like milk
Gustos y preferencias:
They like sport
No le gusta el tenis
RECUERDA
Este tiempo est ntimamente ligado al uso de los adverbios de frecuencia (always,
never, sometimes, etc) y frases adverbiales (every day, once a week, etc.).
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3.2. Formacin
Se forma con el sujeto seguido del verbo principal en infinitivo (sin ningn cambio), excepto en la
tercera persona del singular.
Ejemplos:
Bob works in a factory.
T trabajas en casa.
Juegas al tenis?
Affirmative
I work
You work
He works
She works
It works
We work
You work
They work
Negative
Interrogative
I do not work
Do I work ?
You do not work
Do you work ?
He does not work
Does he work ?
She does not work
Does she work ?
It does not work
Does it work ?
You do not work
Do we work ?
We do not work
Do you work ?
They do not work
Do they work ?
Contracted forms: do not = don't / does not = doesn't
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Actividad 9.
Teach: ______
Study: ______
Do: ______
Work: ______
Finish: ______
Fry: ______
Go: ______
Live: ______
Kiss: ______
Carry: ______
Play: ______
Mix: ______
Fly:______
Actividad 10. Complete with the affirmative form of the verb in brackets
Completa con la forma afirmativa del verbo entre parntesis
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Actividad 11. Complete with the negative form of the verb using contracted
forms / Completa con la forma negativa del verbo usando formas
contractas.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
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Actividad 12. Complete with the interrogative form of the verb / Completa
con la forma interrogativa del verbo.
1.
2.
he / to like / volleyball
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Actividad 13. Read the text and complete. Use negative forms where
necessary / Lee el texto y despus completa. Usa formas negativas
contractas donde sea necesario.
At the weekend Jane often (1. to visit) her sister in Oxford.
Jane (2. to live).. in Canterbury so she (3. to drive)
for two hours.
They (4. to spend).. all weekend together.
On Sunday Jane (5. to like) to get up early. She (6. to
like). to sleep in until 11 o'clock. After that she and her
sister (7.to visit).. some friends. Her sister (8. to wake
up). before 7 o'clock on Saturdays. She (9. to
work) in a supermarket and she (10. to get)
home at 9 o'clock in the evening.
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Actividad 14. Read first the answers to complete the questions. Use
these verbs, / Lee primero las respuestas para completar las preguntas.
Usa estos verbos: to like - to start - to enjoy - to go - to do - to do - to
teach - to work
1.
I work in a factory.
2.
. it?
It's okay.
3.
4.
.. on Saturdays?
Sometimes.
5.
How to work?
Usually by bike.
6.
7.
What .. ?
Mathematics.
8.
. her job?
At 8 o'clock.
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to get up
levantarse
to go to the toilet
Ir al bao
to get dressed
Vestirse
to do exercises
Hacer ejercicio
to have a bath
darse un bao
to have a shower
ducharse
to shave yourself
afeitarse
Fuente: http://www.gobiernodecanarias.org/educacion/
3. ..and a brush to
4.
..her hair.
Then she 5. ...
After that she 6. ..her hair with the hair-drier. It is dry
very fast.
Finally she puts some make-up. Now she is ready to start a new day!
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translate
to go to the
theatre
Ir al teatro
to go to the
to hang out with
to chat with
cinema
friends
friends
_____________ _____________ _____________
to play computer
to watch
to go
to go shopping
games
television
skateboarding
__________________________ __________________________
to listen to
to play the
to play the violin to play the piano
music
guitar
_____________ _____________ __________________________
Fuente: http://www.gobiernodecanarias.org/educacion/
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Actividad 17. Match activities with the right picture / Une las actividades con el
dibujo que las representan. (Entre parntesis, el verbo en infinitivo de donde deriva
la expresin).
A. go jogging (jog)
D. go canoeing (canoe)
B. go cycling (cycle)
E. go trekking (trek)
C. go ice-skating (ice-skate)
F. Go riding (ride)
G. go sailing (sail)
L. go hang-gliding (glide)
H. go climbing (climb)
M. play golf
I. go windsurfing (surf)
J. go swimming (swim)
O. go skiing (ski)
K. go water-skiing (water-ski)
P. go fishing (fish)
1 _______________________
2 ______________________
3 _______________________
5 _______________________
6 ______________________
7 _______________________
9 _______________________
10 _____________________
11 _______________________
13 ______________________.
14 _____________________
15 _______________________
Fuente: http://www.gobiernodecanarias.org
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5. Medios de transporte
Cmo te mueves para ir a los sitios?
5.1. On the road = Por carretera
on foot
by bicycle
by scooter
by motorcycle
by tram
by train
by underground
by bus
by coach
by car
by lorry
by van
Fuente: http://www.gobiernodecanarias.org/educacion/
by plane
by helicopter
by zeppelin
by hot air balloon
Fuente: http://www.gobiernodecanarias.org/educacion/
by ship
by boat
by submarine
by hovercraft
Fuente: http://www.gobiernodecanarias.org/educacion/
18 | P g i n a
to catch a bus
coger el autobs
conducir un coche
to ride a bike
montar en bici
Actividad 18. Do you know how to get there?. Write the name of the activities
/ Ya sabes cmo te vas a desplazar? Escribe el nombre de las actividades.
1.
2.
3.
4. ________________
________________ ________________ ________________
5.
6.
7.
8. ________________
________________ ________________ ________________
Fuente: http://www.gobiernodecanarias.org/educacion/
6. Adverbios de frecuencia
Decamos que el PRESENTE SIMPLE, al que nos estamos dedicando en esta unidad, est muy
relacionado con el uso de estos adverbios de frecuencia y las frases adverbiales ya que ambos se
utilizan en contextos de acciones repetidas como las habituales y rutinarias.
Estos adverbios expresan la frecuencia con que se realiza una accin.
Siempre
Usually:
Normalmente
Often:
Con frecuencia
Sometimes:
A veces
Hardly ever:
Casi nunca
Never (0 %):
Nunca
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- Nunca me equivoco.
- A veces bebe t.
A diferencia de los adverbios, estas expresiones se colocan bien al principio de la oracin o bien al
final.
Every day I go running in the park
Actividad 19. Say how often you do these actions completing with
frequency adverbs / D con qu frecuencia realizas las siguientes acciones
completando las frases con adverbios de frecuencia.
1.
2.
I speak English.
3.
4.
5.
I am tired.
6.
I am cold.
7.
8.
I write stories.
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Actividad 20. Guess the frequency these people do these actions using
frequency adverbs / Inventa la frecuencia con la que estas personas
realizan estas acciones usando adverbios de frecuencia.
i.Sean is wrong.
ii.David is right.
iii.Nick takes photos.
iv.Robert buys cheese on Saturdays.
v.Michael goes home for lunch.
vi.Markus watches football on Saturday night.
vii.Alice has breakfast late.
READING
Actividad 21. Read the dialogue between Jenny and Lauren / Lee el dilogo
entre Jenny y Lauren.
Lauren: Hello, Jenny. How are you?
Jenny: Hello, Lauren. I am fine. And you?
L: Im ok, thanks. Where are you from, Jenny?
J: I am from Florida in the US. And you?
L: Im from Ireland. I live in a small town near Dublin.
J: What do you do for a living?
L: I am a waitress in a pub in Dublin. I work very hard because the pub is always full of
people. They drink a lot of beer in Ireland ! Haha
J: Well, that is good for the business. How often do you go to the pub? Do you work every
day?
L: Yes, every day. I work in the evening. In the morning, I study at the university in Dublin.
J: Wow! Thats very hard. What do you study at university?
L: I study Medical studies. I want to become a doctor in the future
J: How interesting!!
L: Ok, Jenny. I have to go. It is time for me to go to work in the pub! Nice to meet you!
J: Ok, Lauren. Nice to meet you, too!
21 | P g i n a
Actividad 22. Answer the questions about the dialogue between Jenny
and Lauren / Responde a las preguntas sobre el dilogo de Jenny y
Lauren.
1.- Where is Jenny from?
1.
2.- Where is Lauren from?
2.
3.- What is Laurens job?
3.
4.- How often does she go to the pub?
4.
5.- Does she work hard?
5.
7. Pronunciacin
7.1. Tabla de smbolos fonticos
Presentamos en esta primera unidad la tabla de los smbolos fonticos ingleses con el fin de que te
familiarices con ellos y, posteriormente en otras unidades, poder explicar los ms comunes y los que
presentan alguna dificultad por no existir en nuestra lengua.
http://www.fotosimagenes.org
22 | P g i n a
Ejercicios de autocomprobacin
Ejercicio 1. Complete the blanks with do, does, dont or doesnt / Completa los huecos con do,
does, dont or doesnt:
1. Where ______ you live?
2. I ______ work in the morning; I work in the evening.
3. _______ Marge work on Saturdays?
4. Where ____ Sue live?
5. How often _____ you go to the swimming pool?
6. My girlfriend _______ like romantic films.
7. What time ________ your friends go out?
Ejercicio 2. Put the verbs in brackets in the right form to make correct sentences / Conjuga los
verbos entre parntesis para formar frases correctas.
1. I am a teacher. I (teach) ______ in a school for foreign students.
2. My brother (not work) ____________; he is retired.
3. Jenny is a student. She (study) _______ Maths.
4. We (go) ________ to aerobics classes, but Joey (go) ____ to yoga.
5. My daughter (like) _____ playing the piano very much.
6. Cows (not eat) _________ meat.
7. Do you (live) ____ with your parents?
8. Lauren is a nurse; she (work) __________ in a hospital.
has:
1. I ________ got glasses.
2. My mother _______ got a driving licence.
3. You ________ got a nice watch.
4. We ________ got two children.
5. Andrew ________ got a son.
Ejercicio 4. Write the following sentences in the contracted negative form / Escribe las
siguientes oraciones en forma negativa usando verbos en forma contracta.
1. I have got a boyfriend.
2. John has got the keys.
3. We have got a big house.
4. They have got an English dictionary.
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Ejercicio 5. Write short answers to these questions / Escribe la respuesta corta de estas
preguntas:
Ej.: Have you got a book? Yes, I have.
1. Have you got any brothers or sisters? Yes, ..........
2. Have you got a mobile phone? No, ....................
3. Has your daughter got an umbrella? No, .....................
4. Have your grandparents got a car? Yes, .........................
5. Have we got any homework? No, ......................
Ejercicio 2. Solucin
1. I am a teacher. I (teach) teach in a school for foreign students.
2. My brother (not work) doesnt work; he is retired.
3. Jenny is a student. She (study) studies Maths.
4. We (go) go to aerobics classes, but Joey (go) goes to yoga.
5. My daughter (like) likes playing the piano very much.
6. Cows (not eat) dont eat meat.
7. Do you (live) live with your parents?
8. Lauren is a nurse; she (work) works in a hospital.
Ejercicio 3. Solucin
1. I have got glasses.
2. My mother has got a driving licence.
3. You have got a nice watch.
4. We have got two children
5. Andrew has got a son.
24 | P g i n a
Ejercicio 4. Solucin
1. I have got a boyfriend. I havent got a boyfriend.
2. John has got the keys. John hasnt got the keys.
3. We have got a big house. We havent got a big house.
4. They have got an English dictionary. They havent got an English dictionary.
Ejercicio 5. Solucin
1. Have you got any brothers or sisters? Yes, I have.
2. Have you got a mobile phone? No, I havent.
3. Has your daughter got an umbrella? No, she hasnt.
4. Have your grandparents got a car? Yes, they have.
5. Have we got any homework? No, we havent.
http://www.lingolex.com/spanish.htm
www.shertonenglish.com/resources
www.isabelperez.com
www.theyellowpencil.com
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