Cisco DCN Solution For Network Operations

Cisco DCN Solution for
Network Operations
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2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.
Agenda
What is a DCN ?
Network Element Evolution
DCN Evolution
Cisco DCN Solution Platforms
Cisco IOS Telco Image
Cisco IOS Telco Features
Summary
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Copyright 2000, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in USA.
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What is the DCN ?

Data Communications Network (DCN)
Network Elements (NEs)
Network Operations
Center (NOC)
Operational
Support Systems
(OSS)
ISR 3303
ADM GNE
SONET
Ring
OSI
ISR 3303
MUX
SLC, IDLC,
FITL, FOTS
IP over
FR, ATM, T1
Mediation
if required
Alarm Units
Switch
Mainframe
or Mini
OSS to NE Connectivity
Voice Switch, Digital

Cross-Connect Switch,
SS7 STP, SCP, Frame
Relay Switch
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Workstation
X25
Multiple Overlay Networks

Rapid SONET/SDH growth
Changing technologies
3
Network Element Evolution

Network Element
Legacy
New
Sonet/SDH ADMs
X.25
OSI/IP
Large Cross Connects
X.25
OSI/IP
ADSL
IP
Digital Loop Carrier
X.25
OSI/IP
HDSL
X.25
IP
Test Heads
X.25
IP
DSO Cross Connects

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Async
The Network Trend
OSS & NEs are migrating to Ethernet

Interfaces
OSSs & NEs are implementing IP
and OSI stacks
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Network Element Features Driving

the Change
Remote provisioning
Software download
Remote backups
Remote login
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DCN Evolution
Legacy DCN
Phase 1: Backbone Conversion with
Tunneling Techniques
Phase 2: OSS Migrate to Ethernet
Phase 3: Network Elements migrate
to Ethernet
DCN Architecture
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DSC Cross Connect
AS
YN
Legacy DCN Network
X25 Cloud
X25 Pad
NMA
X25 Switch
X25 Switch
X25 SVC
X25 Pad
Fujitsu FLM 150
X25 PVC
AI Switch
Fujitsu FLM 150
5 Fujitsu FLM 150

X2
NMA
X25
Datakit
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5
X2
Datakit
OSS are X25 based

NE management interfaces are x25 or async
DCN core is x25 switches or vendor specific
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C
ASYN
Datakit Backbone
X25
CO SAM
DSC Cross Connect
X25 PVC
AI Switch
Fujitsu FLM 150
Phase 1: Tunneling X25

Billing OSS polling a Class 5 Switch
BX25
BX25
TCP(BX25)/IP
IP Cloud
Serial 3/0
Serial 1/0
OSS
Class 5
RFC 1613
X25 Packet is being tunneled across the network in TCP/IP

Complete X25 packet is encapsulated in TCP/IP and forwarded
Example shows BX25 which is a variant of X25
Network Management tools same as the Internet or customer user
network
Same Hardware and Software as Internet or Customer Network
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Phase 2: Protocol Translation

X25 Protocol
Translation
X25
TCP/IP
IP
OSS
TCP Session
ModemB
ank
Sonet ADM
X25 SVC
OSS migrates to a TCP/IP

No longer tunneling
Access Router in CO is terminating TCP session
and starting up an X25 session
Cisco term is protocol translation
Industry term is mediation
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Phase 3: Ethernet Based Network

Elements
HDSL Shelf
ModemBank
TCP/IP
TCP/IP
IP/
CLNS
OSS:
TCP/IP
OSI
OSI
TCP/IP
OSS:
OSI
Sonet
ADM
Class 5
Class 5 switches will move towards IP

Sonet/SDH equipment will support OSI
Other CO equipment will move towards IP
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DCN Architecture
Cat1924/2600/3640/3662/Cat2924
4500/7500/
GSR
7200/4700
N
M
A
Cat5xxx/1924
OSS
Cat5xxx/1924
N
M
A
OSS
CO Access
Central Office
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Distribution
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Backbone
NOC
12
Summary DCN Evolution

Deploying IP and OSI Intranets: ISIS, OSPF,
BGP4+, XOT, ISO-IGRP
X25 is being eliminated from the Network
async will continue to be used for craft ports
Service Providers DCNs are focused on
Ethernet connectivity
Service Providers DCNs are quickly adopting
the Internet Technology and Cost Model
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Maximum Platform Capability
DCN Solution Platform Capability

2 Fast Ethernet
6 Ethernet
36 Async
12 Sync
3 OSI Areas
2 Slots
24 10/100
2 Fast Ethernet
24 Ethernet
Catalyst
1924-DC
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8 Fast Ethernet
26 Ethernet
192 Async
48 Sync
12 OSI Areas
Time
2600-DC
Series
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Catalyst
2924-DC
3662-DC-CO
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Cisco 26xx-DC for Small Sites

1 RU chassis
One network
module slot
Ports: up to 32
async, 8 sync
Two WAN Interface
Card (WIC) slots
Ethernet and 10/100
Fast Ethernet models
48v DC power
NEBS Level 3 compliant
CLEI coded
11.5 inches deep
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Catalyst 1900/2900 Series

Catalyst 1924-DC
Catalyst 2924M-DC
New
24-switched 10BaseT ports
Up to 8192 MAC addresses
24 10BaseT/100BaseTX ports
Two, fixed 100BaseT ports

on all models
8192 MAC addresses
- Two 100BaseTX ports
9 Deep, NEBS Level 3

CLEI Coded
-48 volt, dual DC feeds
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Two slots to accommodate

available modules
ISL/802.1Q VLAN trunking
on all ports
NEBS Level 3, -48 volt dual
DC
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Catalyst 2900 XL Modules
ISL/802.1Q VLAN support

4-port 10/100 TX module
2-port 100BaseFX module
4-port 100BaseFX module
ISL/802.1Q VLAN Modules
GigE GBIC module

ATM (OC3) module
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Challenge: Ethernet Scaling and

Management
Benefit: Supports
more network
elements on
one router
ISL
172.20.128.200
Cluster Manager
Software
Benefit: Single IP
address
Catalyst
2924M XL DC
ISL
172.20.128.201
Catalyst 1924-DC
Ethernet Switches
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
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Solution:
Integrated
Management
Cisco 3662-DC-CO
Solution:
Catalyst
2924M XL DC
ISL
ISL
172.20.128.202
172.20.128.203
.
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
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Switch Clustering
Technology
Benefit: cluster up
to 16 switches
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
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Cisco 3662-CO-DC
Designed for telco
transmission environment
5 RU chassis
6 Network Module
slots (NMs)
Ports: Up to 192 async,
up to 48 sync
2 10/100-Mbps Fast
Ethernet ports
Redundant DC
power supplies
NEBS level 3 compliant
CLEI coded
12 inches deep, including
cable drape
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Cisco 3662-DC-CO Components
Hot swappable modules, dual DC power

All major components are field replaceable
and very easy to service
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Cisco 3662-DC-CO
Designed for the telco transmission environment

5 rack-unit-high chassis
6 NMs
Performance: 100 Kpps fast switch, 12K
process switch
2 Fast Ethernet 10/100 Mbps on motherboard
Redundant DC power supplies
12 in./300 mm deep
PCMCIA Flash card slot to store software images
2 x AIM slots for compression and encryption
hardware assist
CLEI coded
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Cisco 3600 Family Interfaces

Versatility, Integration, Performance
Over 60 different network modules
Multiple LAN/WAN combinations
Ethernet, Token Ring, Fast Ethernet,
Serial, ISDN, CSU/DSU
Broad range of network services

DialISDN, async, modems
MultiserviceVoice and fax over IP
packet gateways
(BRI/PRI digital interfaces)
Emerging technologies
ATM, xDSL in the future
Simplified solutions
Integrated T1 and 56K CSU/DSU
Integrated compression
WICs shared with Cisco 1600 and 2600 series
NMs shared with Cisco 2600
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Hundreds of
Combinations!
22

IP/OSI routing protocol services
BGP, IS-IS, ISO-IGRP, EIGRP
Multiprotocol WAN router
Cisco
Cisco
IOS
IOS
Software
Software
X.25 services
Switching
X.28 Async PAD
X.25/IP protocol translation
ISDN services
Frame Relay services
ATM connectivity
PPP features
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New X.25 engine
PAD features
Protocol translation
Cisco
Cisco
IOS
IOS
Software
Software
CLNS routingISO 8473

Internal organization of the network
layerISO 8348
ES-IsISO 9542
IS-ISISO 10589
Integrated IS-ISRFC 1195
Interdomain routing via Cisco ISO-IGRP
TARPGR-253
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Network Scaling (SONET/SDH)
IS-IS Multi-Area
Manual Area Addresses
Cisco
Cisco
IOS
IOS
Software
Software
Performance (SONET/SDH)
TARP Storm Avoidance
TARP Split Horizon Protection
Migration (Async/X.25)
X.25 over TCP/IP
BX.25
X.25 Hunt Group
DNS Routing for X.25
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Cisco DCN Solution Roadmap

IP over CLNS Tunneling
12.1(5)T
Cisco 3662-DC-CO
Cisco 26xx-DC
Catalyst 1924-DC
Catalyst 2924M-DC
Cisco IOS Telco Feature Set
IP Routing; BGP, IS-IS, OSI
X.25 Support/X.28 PAD
X.25-IP PT
DNS Routing for X.25
IS-IS Multi-Area Support
TARP Support, Storm Avoidance,
Split Horizon
BX.25 Transport
ISL support for CLNS
Async Call Queuing
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X.25 Product Summary
New X.25 engine
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PAD features
Modular
PQ/CQ
SVC<==>PVC convert
Route call source addressing
AO/DI (11.3.3T)
X.25 MIB
PAD over XOT
X.31 (X.25/ISDN)
CMNS
X.25 over LLC2
Route X.121 or NSAP
Service PAD support
X.25 config over Ethernet
Opt. flow control negotiation
Address insertion
Hunt groups
Annex G
DNS Routing
Full X.28 emulation
Protocol
translation
Facilities/dest
PVC support
Virtual
Templates
Idle timer
PT supports
Layer 2F
Full X.29
Full X.3
Mnemonics
X.29 reselect
Standard call req.
Bidirectional PAD
Async subaddress
Configurable PID
NUI support
Enhancements
11.2(4)12.0(5)T
11.2(4)12.0(5)T
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Migration Feature
Async Call Queuing
Async port access contention
CO platform queues telnet calls
Authenticate each connection via Radius or AAA
Enables operations more efficient port access
Simultaneous
Telnet Users
Telnet to vty
Async Conversion
3 Async
Interfaces
WAN
DMS
100
User in queue status
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Call
Queuing on
Cisco 3662-DC-CO
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DNS Routing for X25

X121 address 317844
equals 10.1.1.1
What is the IP address for

X121 address 317844 ?
DNS
X25 call
IP Cloud
OSS
Answer 10.1.1.1
10.1.1.1
Network
Elment
DNS feature works with XOT
x121 address loaded into the A record on the DNS

Feature supports multiple DNS Servers
Single Static route supports all Network destinations
x25 route * xot dns 10.1.1.5
Move a Host or Network element just change DNS entry

Mnemonics resolved via DNS, not locally
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Migration Feature
X.25 Hunt Group
X.25 serial line rotary on single router
ITU-T standard
VC count, round robin, master rotary
31104085272400
Call 31104085272400
X.25
X.25 Host
31104085272478
PAD
WAN
31104085272411
31104085272425
31104085272499
X.25
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BX25 Support
Class 5 Switches use for Billing Data collection,
Monitoring, and Provisioning
Two types of Implementations
Public X25 Networks Implementation with dialup
Frame: LAPB Frame for Password
turnoff I-Frame: XOT will transport
Leased Line: CCITT compliant layers 1-3
XOT (RFC 1613) or STUN will transport
Sample configuration in Reference Slides
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Scaling Feature
IS-IS Multi-Area
Currently ISO 10589 only
allows for 1 Area per router
Cisco 3662-DC-CO
Cisco has enhanced IS-IS to

allow multiple OSI Areas per
router
Initially up to 12
level 1 instances
per Cisco 3662-DC-CO
(3 per Cisco 26xx-DC)
NE
Allows ISIS to scale
NE
NE
Single level 2 instance
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
Area A Area B
NE
NE
NE
Area C
Area D
Saves router HW cost

Solves re-addressing
issues
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Large Central Office Using Cisco

2500 Series Routers
OSI/IP
Integrated IS-IS
Central Office Boundary
T1
Cisco 2514s
40 Cisco 2514s
L1/L2
30 Cisco 2522s
NE
Catalyst
1924-DC
NE
NE
NE
NE
Digital Cross
Connect System
(DCS e.g., Titan 5500)
OSI Area 1
NE
10BT
Catalyst
1924-DC
Optical Loop
Carrier Systems
(e.g., Litespan 2000)
NE
NE
NE
OSI Area 2
NE
L1
OSI/IP
Intelligent DS1
Delivery Systems
(e.g., Soneplex)
240 Async/Sync Ports
X.25/IP
NE
..
.
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
40 OSI areas
OSI Area 12
NE
NE
Uses 30 Cisco 2522s and 40 Cisco 2514s.

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Cost and Complexity Reduction Using

Cisco 3662-DC-CO in Large Central Office
OSI/IP
IS-IS and OSPF
T1
NE
NE
3 3662-DC-CO
L1/L2
NE
NE
4 3662-DC-CO
NE
NE
OSI Area 1
NE
NE
NE
Digital
Cross
(SONET
ADM)
Connect
NE System
Optical Loop
Carrier Systems
Intelligent DS1
Delivery Systems
(e.g., Soneplex)
NE
NE
10BT
Catalyst
1924-DC
NE
10BT
Catalyst
1924-DC
NE
NE
NE
..
.
NE
OSI Area 12
NE
X.25/IP
144 Async/Sync
OSI Area 2
NE
NE
40 OSI areas - Ethernet

X.25/IP - 96 Async/Sync
Replaces 30 Cisco 2522s and 40 Cisco 2514s.

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Solution: Cisco 3662-DC-CO and

ISL for CLNS
Benefits: Network Module ports saved for async/sync
Future proof for OSI to IP transition
To Core
IP
T1
Cisco 3662-DC-CO
OSI L1/L2
(SONET ADM)
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
X.25/IP
Digital Cross
Connect System
96 A/S
VLAN
ISL IP/CLNS
Fast Ethernet
OSI Area 1
NE
NE
10BaseT
Cat1924
or Cat2924
Optical Loop
Carrier Systems
NE
NE
NE
NE
.
..
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
OSI/IP
SONET/SDH Interface
Intelligent DS1
Delivery Systems
(e.g., Soneplex)
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OSI Area 2
OSI Area 12
NE
NE
35
Tunneling IP over CLNS

(TCP/IP) over CLNS
TCP/IP
IP
DCC
NE
GNE
DCC
async
GNE
odemB
M
a nk
OSS
NE
Contact
Closure
A solution to communicate with remote huts and vaults

Eliminates purchasing a separate circuit from the ILEC
Provides easy access to remote locations
Example is doing reverse telnet to an async device
Note: Gateway Network Element and NE are CLNS routers
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Summary
OSSs & NEs are migrating to Ethernet
DCNs are evolving to Intranets and the
pace will quicken with the growth of the
Internet
Cisco building a solution: hardware &
software
Solution tied to the Internet
Technology
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Reference Material
Implementation Examples
Network Module Information
Catalyst 2924 & 1924 Information
Software Features
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Example: Tunneling X25

Billing OSS polling a Class 5 Switch
BX25
TCP(BX25)/IP
BX25
IP Cloud
Serial 3/0
Serial 1/0
OSS
Class 5
x25 routing
!
interface Ethernet2/1
description
ip address 141.159.229.247 255.255.255.0
!
interface Serial3/0
description AMA Billing FE56
no ip address
encapsulation x25 dce
no ip mroute-cache
no logging event subif-link-status
x25 ltc 5
x25 win 7
x25 wout 7
x25 ips 512
x25 ops 512
no x25 linkrestart
x25 pvc 1 tunnel 141.149.109.48 interface
Serial 1/0 pvc 1 windowsize 3 3
clockrate 56000
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x25 routing
!
interface Ethernet0/0
description AMA Billing
ip address 141.149.109.48 255.255.255.192
no ip directed-broadcast
!
interface Serial1/0
description AMA Billing DSC 00
no ip address
encapsulation x25
no ip mroute-cache
x25 ltc 5
x25 win 7
x25 wout 7
x25 ips 512
x25 ops 512
no x25 linkrestart
x25 pvc 1 xot 141.159.229.247 interface
Serial 3/0 pvc 1 window size 3 3
clockrate 56000
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Example: TCP to X25 Protocol

Translation
X25 Protocol
Translation
X25
TCP/IP
IP
OSS
TCP Session
IP 144.169.139.193
Port 2501
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M
a nk
Sonoplex
X25 SVC
x29 profile soneplexcraft 1:0 2:1 3:2 4:2

x25 routing
!
interface Loopback1
ip address 144.169.139.193 255.255.255.252
!
interface Serial2/2
description -directly connected to soneplex 214a
no ip address
encapsulation x25 dce
no ip mroute-cache
x25 address 3277732501
x25 ltc 2
x25 htc 3
x25 idle 2
no ignore-hw local-loopback
clockrate 9600
!
x25 route ^3277732501 interface Serial2/2
!
translate tcp 144.169.139.194 port 2501 x25
3277732501 profile soneplexcraft
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Cisco 3600 Family Integrated

CSU/DSU WIC
T1/FT1 CSU/DSU WIC
Provides integrated
solution for network
managers and service
providers
Shared with Cisco
1600 and 2600 series
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Cisco 3600 Interfaces

LAN Connectivity
Fast Ethernet 10/100 TX or FX
1- or 4-port 10BaseT
Mixed-media network modules
1/2 Ethernet, 2 WAN interface
card slots
1 Ethernet, 1 Token Ring, 2 WAN
interface card slots
Modular WAN interface cards

1 T1/E1 serial
1 ISDN BRI (optional NT-1)
56-kbps serial WIC with
integrated CSU
T1 serial WIC with integrated CSU
Shared with Cisco 1600 and 2600
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Serial Connectivity
4- or 8-port asynchronous/
synchronous serial
Cisco 5-in-1
transition cable
16- or 32-port async
Single serial T1 WIC
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ISDN BRI
4-or 8-port ISDN BRI

4-or 8-port ISDN BRI
with NT-1
BRI WIC (U or ST)
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ISDN PRI
1- or 2-port CT1/ISDN PRI

1- or 2-port CT1/ISDN
PRI with CSU
1- or 2-port CE1/ISDN
PRI balanced
1- or 2-port CE1/ISDN
PRI unbalanced
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2924M Performance
3.2 Gbps switching fabric
3.0 million pps forwarding rate and
1.6 Gbps forwarding bandwidth
4-MB shared memory architecture
Fast EtherChannel and Gigabit
EtherChannel uplink support
CGMP Fast Leave multicast traffic reduction
Broadcast storm control
Support ISL/802.1Q frame tagging with
VTP/VMPS end-to-end VLAN support
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Catalyst 2900 XL Modules

Gigabit Ethernet module (single port)
1000BaseX with GBIC-based media slot
ISL/802.1Q support
Eight queues for priority-based forwarding
ATM modules (single port OC-3)

UTP
Multimode fiber
Single-mode fiber, medium reach (10Km)
Single-mode fiber, long reach (40Km)
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Challenge: Central Office

Ground Plane Isolation
Benefit: Ground plane isolation
with one contiguous DCN LAN
Multi-floor Central Office

Cisco 3662-DC-CO
Catalyst
2924M XL DC
NE
Fiber
Solution:
Fiber Up-links
Cisco 3662-DC-CO
NE
Catalyst
2924M XL DC
Separate
Ground
Plane
on each
Floor
Fiber
NE
Catalyst
2924M XL DC
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Cisco Catalyst 1924-DC

for Switched Ethernet Expansion
24 switched 10BaseT
ports + one switched AUI
1024 MAC addresses
Two, fixed
100BaseTX ports
9 deep
48v DC, dual inputs
CLEI coded
NEBS
level 3 compliant
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Scaling Feature
Manual Area Addresses
Router_ABC
ISO 10589
recommends that
no more than 3
MAAs per area
Increased the
number from 3
to 256 per router
L2
L1
Router_A
Allows the network

L1
to be implemented
without re-addressing Area A
NEs or rings
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Area
A+B+C
Router_B
L1
Area B
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Migration Feature
TARP
SIF standard for resolving layer 7

address to a layer 3 address
Resolves the TL1 identifier to
active network layer address
(i.e., TID to NSAP, TID to IP, etc. )
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Performance Feature
TARP Storm Avoidance
No need to flood all TARP packets
Forward TARP packets to necessary routers only
Allows for TARP caches to be located anywhere
within the network
Allows users to decide which routers should
hold the TARP cache
NE
TID Not Cached

L1/L2
NE
NE
L1/L2
OSI Area
TARP
Cache
3
1
2a
NE
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Operations Center
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2b
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Performance Feature
TARP Split Horizon Protection
TARP packets
follow TARP
adjacencies
Dont forward
requests out
an incoming
interface
Distribution Routers
TARP Request
3
2
CO
Access
1
NE
NE
NE
NE
Removes
unnecessary
packets from
network
3301
1334_05_2000_c1_Sec4
TARP Packets
Not Forwarded
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
TARP Requests
53
Migration Feature X.25 over

TCP/IP - RFC 1613 (XOT)
Network
Elements
X.25
X.25 Host
IP
IP
IP
BX.25
FR
X.3
PAD
Frame
Relay
FR
BX.25 Host
Note: Annex G also support provided
Craft device
VT100
3301
1334_05_2000_c1_Sec4
1334_05_2000_c1_Sec4.scr
54
SS7 Applications
Application
Legacy
Future
CE
Load Calling Databases
IP
IP
NS
Monitor SCP and STPs
X.25
Collection of Billing Data

A-Link Monitoring
A-Link Protocol Decoding
New Calling Features
NE, NS
X.25/IP
IP
NE
IP
IP
NS
X.25
IP
NS
IP
IP
NS
NSNew Service
NENetwork Elimination
3301
1334_05_2000_c1_Sec4
55
Class 5 Switch Applications

Application
Billing: Sebx/Billdats
Monitor and Provisioning
Legacy
New
CE
BX.25
IP
NE
Async/X.25
IP
NE
NSNew Service
NENetwork Elimination
3301
1334_05_2000_c1_Sec4
1334_05_2000_c1_Sec4.scr
56
CEV/Hut/Collocate Connectivity
Network Element
Legacy
New
SONET/SDH ADM
X.25
OSI/IP
Digital Loop Carrier
X.25
OSI/IP
HDSL Shelves
X.25
IP
IP
ADSL Equipment
Power Equipment
3301
1334_05_2000_c1_Sec4
Async/Contacts
IP
57
Questions?
304
3301
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1055_05F9_c1
1999, Cisco
2000,
Systems,
Cisco
Inc.
Systems, Inc.
1334_05_2000_c1_Sec4.scr
58
Ciscos CLEC Networkers

Power Session
DCN Presentation
3301
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59
3301
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60
1334_05_2000_c1_Sec4.scr

Cisco DCN Solution For Network Operations

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Cisco DCN Solution For Network Operations

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Cisco DCN Solution for

2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

What is the DCN ?

Network Elements (NEs)

Voice Switch, Digital

Multiple Overlay Networks

2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Network Element Evolution

Large Cross Connects

Digital Loop Carrier

DSO Cross Connects

2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

The Network Trend

OSS & NEs are migrating to Ethernet

2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Network Element Features Driving

2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

DSC Cross Connect

Legacy DCN Network

Fujitsu FLM 150

Fujitsu FLM 150

5 Fujitsu FLM 150

2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

OSS are X25 based

DSC Cross Connect

Fujitsu FLM 150

Phase 1: Tunneling X25

X25 Packet is being tunneled across the network in TCP/IP

2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Phase 2: Protocol Translation

OSS migrates to a TCP/IP

2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Phase 3: Ethernet Based Network

Class 5 switches will move towards IP

2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Summary DCN Evolution

2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Maximum Platform Capability

DCN Solution Platform Capability

2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Cisco 26xx-DC for Small Sites

2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Catalyst 1900/2900 Series

Two, fixed 100BaseT ports

8192 MAC addresses

- Two 100BaseTX ports

9 Deep, NEBS Level 3

Two slots to accommodate

2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Catalyst 2900 XL Modules

ISL/802.1Q VLAN support

ISL/802.1Q VLAN Modules

GigE GBIC module

2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Challenge: Ethernet Scaling and

2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Cisco 3662-DC-CO Components

Hot swappable modules, dual DC power

2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.