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A feed to a distillation unit consists of 50 mol % benzene in toluene. It is introduced to the column at its
bubble point to the optimal plate. The column is to produce a distillate containing 95 mol% benzene and
a bottoms of 95 mol % toluene. For an operating pressure of 1 atm, calculate:
a) the minimum reflux ratio
b) the minimum number of equilibrium stages to carry out the desired separation
c) the number of actual stages needed, using a reflux ratio () of 50% more than the minimum
d) the product and residue stream in kilograms per hour if the feed is 907.3 kg/h
e) the saturated steam required in kilograms per hour for heat to the reboiler using enthalpy data
below:
Steam
Benzene
Toluene
JAWAB:
DIKETAHUI:
-
DITANYA:
a) Rmin
b) Nmin
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c) the number of actual stages needed, using a reflux ratio () of 50% more than the minimum
(R)
d) the product and residue stream in kilograms per hour if the feed is 907.3 kg/h
e) the saturated steam required in kilograms per hour for heat to the reboiler using enthalpy data
below:
Steam
Benzene
Toluene
SOLUTION:
= +
= . + .
= . + (1 )
= . + ( . )
= ( ) +
= ( )
=
. = .
= (
)
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Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium:
Benzene
xA
xA
yA
1
0.780254
0.580613
0.411472
0.257579
0.129611
0
1
0.780254
0.580613
0.411472
0.257579
0.129611
0
1
0.900234
0.776482
0.632315
0.455567
0.261217
0
0.5
xA
yA
0
0
0.5
Toluene
xB
xB
yB
0
0.219746
0.419387
0.588528
0.742421
0.870389
1
0
0.219746
0.419387
0.588528
0.742421
0.870389
1
0
0.099766
0.223518
0.367685
0.544433
0.738783
1
0.5
xB
yB
0
0
0.5
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Ulina Ayu Pangesti//1306447726
Equilibrium Plot:
yA
0.5
yB
0
0
0.5
+
(1 )
1
Feed introduced to the column at its bubble point or as saturated liquid,
hence = 1.
=
feedline
0.5
xA
yA
0
0
0.5
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0.5
xA
( + 1)
yA
0
0
0.5
( + 1)
0.95
( + 1) =
0.38
= 2.5 1 = 1.5
0.38 =
= 100 1.5
= 2.25
=
=
=
+1
0.95
2.25+1
0.95
3.25
= 0.31
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0.5
xA
yA
0
0
0.5
0.5
xA
yA
0
0
0.5
6
Ulina Ayu Pangesti//1306447726
0.5
xA
yA
0
0
0.5
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Ulina Ayu Pangesti//1306447726
0.5
xA
yA
0
0
0.5
= 907.3
66 = = 78
78 = = 92
Feed = Bottom product + Distilled product, hence:
o . = . + .
Elimination:
=+
. = . + .
=
0.5 005
=
0.95 0.05
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Ulina Ayu Pangesti//1306447726
1
=
2
= 2
o
= .
= ( . + (1 ). )
907.3 = (0.5 78 + 0.5 92)
907.3 = (39 + 46)
907.3
= 85 = 10.67
=2=
o
10.67
2
= 5.34
= .
= ( . 66 + (1 ). 78 )
= (0.95 78 + 0.05 92)5.34
= (74.1 + 4.6)5.34
= 78.7 5.34
= 420.02
=
= 907.3 420.02
= 487.28
(e) the saturated steam required in kilograms per hour for heat to the reboiler:
o T= 80.1oC
o The mass balance over the reboiler and the feed stage:
=L = . +
=1
=F+L'-B
= 5.34
= 10.67
=
= 10.67 5.34
= 5.33
= 2.25
= .
= 2.25 5.34
= 12.015
o
o
o
Hvap 2 = 2000
The steam consumption required at given reflux:
Hvap B = 400
=
=
=
=
= .
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Ulina Ayu Pangesti//1306447726