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transmitted at the same data rate as a usual voice call (9 kbit/s). There are a
lso free SMS services available, which are often sponsored and allow sending SMS
from a PC connected to the internet.
Mobile service providers in New Zealand, such as Vodafone and S (Short Messaging
Service) was created by Friedhelm Hillebrand, while he was working for Deutsche
Telekom. Sitting at a typewriter at home, Hillebrand typed out random sentences
and counted every letter, number, punctuation, and space. Almost every time, th
e messages amounted to 160 characters, thus being the basis for the limit o Broo
ks Brasher are used to involve more than two people into a text messaging conver
sation[citation needed].
A Flash SMS is a type[22] of text message that appears directly on the main scre
en without user interaction and is not automatically stored in the inbox. It can
be useful in cases such as an emergency (e.g. fire alarm) or confidentiality (e
.g. one-time password).[23]
Short message services are developing very rapidly throughout the world.
SMS is particularly popular in Europe, Asia (excluding Japan; see below), United
States, Australia and New Zealand and is also gaining influence in Africa. Popu
larity has grown to a sufficient extent that the term texting (used as a verb me
aning the act of mobile phone users sending short messages back and forth) has e
ntered the common lexicon. Young Asians consider SMS as the most popular mobile
phone application.[24] Fifty percent of American teens send fifty text messages
or more per day, making it their most frequent form of communication.[25]
In China, SMS is very popular and has brought service providers significant prof
it (18 billion short messages were sent in 2001).[26] It is a very influential a
nd powerful tool in the Philippines, where the average user sends 10 12 text messa
ges a day. The Philippines alone sends on average over 1 billion text messages a
day,[27] more than the annual average SMS volume of the countries in Europe, an
d even China and India. SMS is hugely popular in India, where youngsters often e
xchange lots o
SMS messaging was used for the first time on 3 December 1992, when Neil Papworth
, a 22-year-old test engineer for Sema Group in the UK[6] (now Airwide Solutions
),[7] used a personal computer to send the text message "Merry Christmas" via th
e Vodafone network to the phone of Richard Jarvis[8][9] who was at a party in Ne
wbury, Berkshire which had been organised to celebrate the event.
Modern SMS text messaging is understood to be messaging from one mobile phone to
another mobile phone. Radiolinja became the first network to offer commercial p
erson-to-person SMS text messaging service in 1994. When Radiolinja's domestic c
ompetitor, Telecom Finland (now part of TeliaSonera) also launched SMS text mess
aging in 1995 and the two networks offered cross-network SMS example, in Austral
ia, a message typically costs between A$0.20 and $0.25 to send (some prepaid ser
vices charge $0.01 between their own phones), compared with a voice call, which
costs somewhere between $0.40 and $2.00 per minute (commonly charged in half-min
ute blocks). The service is enormously profitable to the service providers. At a
typical length of only 190 bytes mobile messaging will have grown to equal the
popularity of SMS in 2013, with nearly 10 trillion messages being sent through
each technology.[29][30] Services such as Facebook Messenger, WhatsApp and Viber
have led to a decline in the use of SMS in parts of the world.
Mail and NTT Docomo's Short Mail, both in Japan. E-mail messaging from phones, a
s popularized by NTT Docomo's i-mode and the RIM BlackBerry, also typically use
standard mail protocols such as SMTP over TCP/IP.[19]
Today, text messaging is the most widely used mobile data service, with 74% of a
ll mobile phone users worldwide, or 2.4 billion out of 3.3 billion phone subscri
bers, at end of 2007 being active users of the Short Message Service. In countri
es such as Finland, Sweden and Norway, over 85% of the population use SMS. The E
uropean average is about 80%, and North America is rapidly catching up with over
60% active users of SMS by end of 2008. The largest average usage of the servic
e by mobile phone subscribers is in the Philippines, with an average of 27 texts