Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Petroleum Institute
682 Standard
2nd Edition
Introduction
Pumps-Shaft Sealing Systems for
Centrifugal and Rotary Pumps
EAA cust
Seal interchangeability
Continued...
Tested designs
Qualification type testing
Individual component & seal integrity testing
& instrumentation
API 610
Positive Displacement
7th Edition
Pumps
Pumps and Seals
API 610
API 682
8th Edition
Mainly Pumps
1st Edition
Seals Only
API 682
API 610
9th Edition/ISO 13709
Only Pumps
2nd Edition
Seals Only
ISO 21049
Seals Only
DIN24960
EN12756
L1k/L1n
Seal dimensions
DIN24960
chambers
ISO3069 S
ASME B73
(Big Bore)
API610 8th
ISO3069
Chamber dims
DIN + 5mm
Cartridge
API682
Table 1
ISO3069C
ISO3069H
API682 Cat 1
international projects.
Still generally limited understanding and use of the
specification.
Market unwilling to accept cost impact associated
API 682
Product Line
EAA int
API 682
2nd Edition
Category 2
Category 3
Type B:
Type C:
Seal Arrangements
Arrangement 1:
Single seal
Arrangement 2:
Arrangement 3:
41 bar g
500
psig
400
20 bar g
300
200
Cat. 1 Seals
100
0
-100
100
200
300
400
F
500
260C
600
700
800
400C
CATEGORY 1
CATEGORY 2
CATEGORY 3
Temperature range
Pressure range
CATEGORY 1
CATEGORY 2
CATEGORY 3
Face materials
Premium blister
resistant carbon vs.
self sintered silicon
carbide
Premium blister
resistant carbon vs.
reaction bonded
silicon carbide.
Premium blister
resistant carbon vs.
reaction bonded
silicon carbide.
Required.
Distributed inlet
flush requirements,
Arrangements 1 and
2 with rotating
flexible elements
Gland plate metal to
metal contact
requirement
Required
CATEGORY 1
CATEGORY 2
CATEGORY 3
Cartridge seal
sleeve size
increments required.
None
10 mm increments
10 mm increments
Throttle bushing
design requirement
for Arrangement 1
seals
Fixed carbon.
Floating carbon
option.
Fixed, non-sparking
metal. Floating
carbon option
Floating carbon
Not applicable
When specified
Required.
Scope of vendor
qualification test
Test as Category 1
unless faces
interchangeable
with Category 3
Test as Category 2
unless faces
interchangeable
with Category 3
Test as Category 3,
entire seal assembly
as a unit
5610Q-1
Type C
5615Q-1
N/A
Contacting wet
N/A
Arrangement
2
5620P-1
5625P-1
Arrangement
2
5620D-1
Engineered
ECS
Arrangement
3
5620P-1
5625P-1
Arrangement
3
2800
Description
Type B
2800MB
N/A
N/A
N/A
Contacting dry
secondary containment
Liquid barrier fluid
face-to-back
Gas barrier
(0-300 psig)
less documentation
Arrangement 1 seal design options including various flush and bushing
options, though JC has preferred standards
Product Definition
Temperatures from 40F to +750F (-40C to 400C)
Pressures to 600 psig (41 bar g)
Sizes 1.5 to 4.5 (30mm to 120mm)
Type A
Type B
Type C
1648-2
1670-2
1604-2
2670-2
2609-2
Description
Contacting wet single
RREL option
Arrangement
2
2648-2
Arrangement
2
2648-2C
2670-2C
2609-2C
Arrangement
2
2648-2N
2670-2N
2609-2N
Non-contacting
secondary containment
3609-2
Arrangement
3
Arrangement
3
Arrangement
3
3648-2
2800
2800HP
3670-2
2800MB
N/A
Liquid buffer
Contacting dry
secondary containment
N/A
Gas barrier
(0-300 psig)
N/A
Gas barrier
(300 600 psig)
Description
Extensive documentation
Includes dry-sliding secondary containment
Includes non-contacting seals
Arrangement 1 design includes distributed flush with carbon floating
bushing standard
Product Definition
Type B
Type C
1648-3
1670-3
1604-3
Arrangement
2
2648-3
2670-3
2609-3
Arrangement
2
1
2648-3C
2670-3C
2609-3C
Arrangement
2
2648-3N
2670-3N
2609-3N
Non-contacting
secondary containment
Arrangement
3
3648-3
3609-3
Arrangement
1
Arrangement
3
2800
Arrangement
3
2800HP
3670-3
Description
Contacting wet single
RREL Option
Liquid buffer
Contacting dry
secondary containment
2800MB
N/A
Gas barrier
(0-300 psig)
N/A
N/A
Gas barrier
(300 600 psig)
1648
1648-2, 1648-3
1648O
RREL/R
1648RS
1648RS
2648
2648-2, 2648-3
3648
3648-2, 3648-3
1604
1604-2, 1604-3
2609
2609-2, 2609-3
3609
3609-2, 3609-3
1670
1670-2, 1670-3
Qualification tested
Registered fit with confined O-ring & metalto-metal contact with pump seal chamber.
Type A
Arrangement 1
Fixed carbon
bushing
Stationary inner seal option
Pumping ring
Type A
Arrangement 2
Type A
Arrangement 2
Type B
Arrangement 1
Fixed
carbon
bushing
Type B
Arrangement 2
Pumping
ring
less documentation
Arrangement 1 seal design options including various flush and bushing
options, though JC has preferred standards
Product Definition
Temperatures from 40F to +750F (-40C to 400C)
Pressures to 600 psig (41 bar g)
Sizes 1.5 to 4.5 (30mm to 120mm)
Distributed flush
Pumping ring
(API Plan 23)
Floating bushing
Segmented
bushing (JC option)
(sleeve hard coating
optional)
Primary Face
Carbon - standard
Tungsten Carbide - optional
Hastelloy C
Springs
Primary Face
Carbon - standard
Tungsten Carbide optional
316 SS
Metal Parts
Hastelloy
C Springs
Double-balanced to withstand
pressure reversal
Distributed flush
Pumping ring
(API Plan 23)
Floating bushing
Segmented
bushing (JC option)
Floating
Bushing
Shown
Segmented
bushing
(sleeve hard coating
optional)
Steam deflector
Flexible graphite secondary seals
Floating bushing
High temperature
rotating Inconel bellows
Isolation Bushing
Type A
Arrangement 2
Type 48SC
Isolation Bushing
Low-temperature
Type 670 seal head
ECS
Low-Temperature
Isolation Bushing
High-Temperature
ECS
Isolation Bushing
28LD
Type 48LP
Product Definition
Temperatures from 40F to +750F (-40C to 400C)
Pressures to 600 psig (41 bar g)
Sizes 1.5 to 4.5 (30mm to 120mm)
Distributed
flush
Floating
bushing
Sleeve hard
coating
(optional)
316 SS
Metal parts
Hastelloy C
Springs
Bushing retained
by bolted follower
plate
Distributed
flush
Floating bushing as
standard
Reaction bonded
Silicon Carbide
Mating Ring
Patented
spiral groove
Patented
spiral groove
Sealol edge-welded
metal bellows
Type 48 variations
Type 670, 604, 609 variations
Type 5600 variations
Type 2800s
Design Requirements
for
All Categories
All Types
All Arrangements
Register Fit.
Concentric
to shaft &
0.125 mm
(.005) TIR
Maximum
(6.1.2.8.2)
8 Set
Screws
(Maximum)
Bushing
(single seals)
(floating or fixed)
O-Rings
Setscrews
harder than shaft
Hastelloy C
Springs
Viton O-Rings
316SS Sleeve
Gland
Piping
Reservoirs
Heat exchangers
Axial Movement
Capable of handling axial movement (6.1.1.8)
Normal
Transient
Thermal growth
Thrust positioning (vertical pumps)
Where to get info?
Not on datasheet
Pump OEM
Sleeve Requirements
Optional Coating
Locating shoulder
2.5 mm
(0.100) min
Relief
See Table 3
2.5 to 5 mm
(0.100 to 0.200)
O-ring on process end
Relief
Sleeve Requirements
Setting plate that does not put load on seal faces during
installation or removal of cartridge (6.1.1.4)
Sleeve Clearance
Intent is to minimise sleeve runout
F7/h6 clearance per ISO 286-2
Minimum of 0.02 mm (0.0008) for small shafts
Maximum of 0.09 mm (0.0037) for large shafts
F7/h6 Fit
F7/h6 Fit
3.0
1.5
Isolation Bushing
1.5 mm (1/16)
3 mm (1/8)
(6.1.2.17)
Confined gaskets
(6.2.1.2.2; 6.2.2.2.2)
3 mm (1/8) Shoulder
(6.1.2.8.3)
Symbol Connection
Location
Size *
Flush
1/2
Drain
180
3/8
Quench
90
3/8
FI
180
1/2
FO
1/2
* All sizes are NPT taper thread
connections
Location:
Horizontal Pumps: 0 degrees = Top Dead Centre
Vertical Pumps: F defines 0 degrees
Symbol Connection
LBI
Liquid Buffer/Barrier In
LBO
Location
Size
180
1/2
1/2
CSV
1/2
CSD
180
1/2
GBI
Gas Barrier In
1/4
GBO
180
1/2
Pumping Rings
Systems relying on thermosiphoning shall not be
used (8.2.2)
O-Ring Requirements
Grooves sized for perfluoroelastomer (6.1.1.10)
(use JC Standards for Kalrez, Isolast, etc.)
Primary Rings
Normally rotating
Can be pusher or non-pusher
Default is multiple spring (6.1.5.1)
Can be single spring
Can be bellows
Mating Rings
Normally stationary
Not clamped-in (6.1.4.1)
Anti-rotation pin is required (6.1.4.1)
Mounting to enhance heat transfer (6.1.4.2)
One mating ring for each primary ring
(7.3.1.3) (no common mating rings without
purchaser approval)
We use
Optional Materials
Resin filled for Type 48 family (if acids or caustic)
Antimony filled for 5610/5620 is optional and tested
Default for hard faces is SiC vs SiC (WC optional)
Viton (hydrocarbon)
Viton (water)
Perfluoroelastomer
Nitrile
Flexible graphite
Design Requirements
for
Category 1 Seals
Gland Plate
(Category 1)
Default is single point injection
Distributed flush is optional (6.2.1.2.1; 6.1.2.14)
6.1.2.14 states Seal chamber pressure shall not
be less than a 30% margin to maximum VP or a
20 C (36 F) product temperature margin at
maximum process temperature
Remember
Register fit
Bolt holes, not slots
Confined gasket with metal-to-metal contact [gland to
pump] (6.2.1.2.2)
Design Requirements
for
Category 2 Seals
Gland Plate
(Category 2)
Default is single point injection
Distributed flush is optional (6.2.2.2.1; 6.1.2.14)
Design Requirements
for
Category 3 Seals
Category 3 Seals
Same as API 682, 1st Edition
Gland Plate
(Category 3)
Default is distributed flush for single, rotating
seals (6.2.3.2.1)
Design Requirements
for
Arrangement 1 Seals
Throttle Bushings
(Arrangement 1)
Throttle bushing required (7.1.2.1)
Category 1 uses fixed, carbon bushing
Category 2 uses fixed, non-sparking metal
bushing
Design Requirements
for
Arrangement 2 Seals
General Requirements
for Arrangement 2 Seals
Inner (process) seal rated for 2.75 bar (40 psi)
reverse (ID to OD) pressure (7.2.1.1)
Throttle Bushings
(Arrangement 2)
Throttle bushing not required
Fixed throttle bushing optional (7.2.3.1)
Default for optional bushing is carbon (7.2.3.1)
Design Requirements
for
Arrangement 3 Seals
General Requirements
for Arrangement 3 Seals
Inner seal must have full reverse pressure rating
(7.3.1.2)
Throttle Bushings
(Arrangement 3)
Throttle bushing not required
Fixed throttle bushing optional (7.3.3.1)
Default for optional bushing is carbon (7.3.3.1)
Design Requirements
for
Containment Seals
Testing Requirements
Testing
Type testing
Qualification
Fluids
Sizes
Steady state /Cyclic
Seal types
Seal arrangements
Seal
integrity
Hydrostatic testing
- Seal chambers
- Gland plates
- Reservoirs
- Heat exchangers
Air test
- Single
- Dual (each chamber)
OEM
Pump
performance
test
Seal Operated
(Standard)
Modified Seal
(Standard)
(Optional)
Job Seal
If Leak
Replace Modified Seal
Faces with Job Seal Faces
OK
Ship Pump with
Job Seal
If Leak
If Leak
OK
Repair
IF
OK
IF OK
Standard
Option
If Leak
IF
If Leak
OK
(OR)
Repair
Static
4 hours minimum
Cyclic
5 simulated upset cycles
Pressure, temperature swings
Start/stop
Loss of flush
Approx 8 hours
9
"
999 999
9
9
Results of Qualification
Tests
Certification of Test
AP I 682 T est C e rtificate
S eal T ested:
A P I T yp e:
T yp e C - A rran gem e nt I
A P I C od e:
C / 1 1 - 62 / S / 20 0
Fac e M aterials :
T est Fluid:
100 psig (7 b ar g)
500 F (260 C )
S pee d:
360 0 rpm
D avid Casucci
_ __ __ _ ___ __ __ __ ___ _ __ ___ _ ___ __ _ ___ _
D a vid C a succi E ngine erin g M a na ger - S ealo l B ello ws P rod u cts
EAA cust
Annex J: Codes
Informative
Four segment code
Different from 1st Edition
Different from API 610
Different from Seal Configurations
Example 2CW-CS (Arrangement 2 with Contacting
Wet Inboard Seal with a Containment Seal)
Annex J: Codes
Informative
Four segment code
Different from 1st Edition
Different from API 610
C1 A1 A 11
Annex J: Codes
Informative
Four segment code
Different from 1st Edition
Different from API 610
flush
arrangement
C1 A1 A 11
category
type
29
coil (8.5.4.5.3)
6
12 Litre Reservoir
20 Litre Reservoir
10
11
12
Plan 53a
(A.4.12)
13
Plan 53b
(A.4.12)
14
Plan 53b
(A.4.12)
Configuration Includes:
Accumulator
Pressure Indicator
Pressure Switch
Heat Exchanger
15
Plan 53b
(A.4.12)
16
Plan 53c
(A.4.12)
17
Plan 53c
(A.4.12)
Piston pot eliminates nitrogen contact
with barrier liquid
Configuration includes:
Piston pot
Pressure indicator
Pressure switch
Heat exchanger
Level switch
18
Plan 53c
(A.4.12)
19
Plan 72
(A.4.16)
20
Plan 72
(A.4.16)
21
Plan 74
(A.4.17)
Zero emissions
22
Plan 74
(A.4.17)
23
Plan 75
(A.4.18)
24
Plan 75
(A.4.18)
25
Plan 75
(A.4.18)
26
Plan 76
(A.4.19)
27
Plan 76
(A.4.19)
28
EAA cust
Categories
Category1 is for chemical duty
Category 2 is for refinery duty
Old 682 Light
Traditional API 610 seals
Pump OEM
Seal OEM
API Committees
Qualification testing
Air integrity test prior to shipment
Provides high degree of probability in providing
(3) years of uninterrupted service while
complying with emission regulations
Heavy Duty
Cost: Some features specified may result in a higher
expense to the purchaser than seals and systems
previously used.
Paper work
Yes
Strong set of defaults in API 682
Allows for user choices
Users will write their own exceptions and
clarifications to API 682
Hydrotest
Glands not required to be hydrotested unless cast (previously all
glands needed testing)
5 test fluids
Water
Propane
Caustic
Hot Oil
Cold oil
Yes but:
Seal chamber specified for rotary pumps / PD
pumps do not match those in API682 (API676)
Design features
Conceivably anything
Probably based on API 682
CSelect 682
Seal selection software for API
682 Applications
17
Annex A: Selection
Informative
Summaries of
Categories 1, 2, 3
Arrangements 1, 2, 3
Seal types A, B, C
Seal selection
Tutorial
Tables
Logic diagrams
Piping Plans
Tutorial
Logic diagrams
2
Select Arrangement
Start
Yes
Is product hazardous
Do project/national/local standards
by regulation
No
No
Yes
Yes
H2S content by
national/local criteria?
Will a single seal with special
No
Yes
Is pumping
No
temperature
No
<260C (500F)?
Arrangement 1
Yes
Yes
Go to Sheets
7, 8, or 9
Is pumping
No
temperature
<150C (300F)?
Arrangement 3
Yes
Go to Sheets
Yes
Is pumped
7, 8, or 9
fluid dirty?
No
Arrangement 2
Go to Sheets
7, 8, or 9
CSelect682
Opening Screen
Change
language
Set program
for SI or
Imperial
units
Help
Project item
Project name
View
or
Modify
Selection
data
summarised
at bottom of
screen
10
Selection in Progress
11
Selection Complete
Preferred
selection
highlighted
Option to
select
alternative
seal
12
Selections
can be
changed or
locked where
no change
allowed
13
14
Create Report
15
16
Product Literature
Available to
view or
download
from Internet
17