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A piping critical line is a line for which a flexibility review is required to be carried out by a Piping Stress
Engineer due to temperature, weight, supporting arrangement, external loading, lines connection to strain
sensitive equipment, vibrations, etc.
Line 50 mm (2) NB and smaller are not considered critical. Therefore, in the following definitions the word
lines means lines 65 mm (2 1/2) NB and above, unless otherwise stated.
CATEGORY 1: Stress Critical Lines
CATEGORY 2: Equipment Critical Lines
CATEGORY 3: Support Critical Lines
CATEGORY 4 : Relief Critical Lines
CATEGORY 5: Category M Fluid Service Lines
below.
b) Lines 150 mm (6) NB to 600 mm (24) NB at temperature 1200 C and above or at (-) 1000 C
and below.
c) Lines 650 mm (26) NB and above at temperature 600 C and above or at (-) 400 C and below.
determined by process group, and shown on the P&ID, as a result of their experience on a similar plant
for accommodating thermal expansion. Bellows shall not be used unless approved by stress
department.
g) Any line for which formal calculations are specified, either by client or local authorities. For
example IBR-370 calls for flexibility analysis of IBR controlled piping. However same temperature
criteria shall be followed as highlighted in a, b, c. IBR lines analysis shall be done using ANSI B31.1
code.
h) Lines that although not in themselves critical, tie-in to critical lines and have a significant effect
on their flexibility.As a general rule such lines are added to the Critical Line List at the initial review stage
if their nominal size exceeds one-third of that of the critical line (and they exceed 50 mm NB). The
remainder shall be established, and added to the critical line list, during the design stage of the contract.
These lines cease to be considered critical beyond the nearest anchor to the tie-in-point.
i) Lines having very long straight run and are subjected to harsh solar temperature (above 500 C).
j) Any other lines that the Piping Engineer and/or Lead Stress Engineer consider Critical. Formal
computer Analysis shall be carried out for a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h.
a) Piping connected with centrifugal pumps having size 65 mm (2-1/2) NB and above with
maximum operating temperature of 1200 C and above or minimum operating temperature of (-) 1000 C
and below and 150mm (6) NB and above size with maximum operating temperature of 600 C and
above or minimum operating temperature (-) 400 C and below.
b) Rotating machinery, other than centrifugal pumps, e.g. steam turbines, centrifugal compressors
and fans.
d) Reciprocating compressor.
g) Vessels with linings of a brittle nature, e.g. glass, brick or refractory materials or non-metallic
material shall have piping connection based on vendors recommendation.
h) Special items of equipment for the manufacturer specifies low nozzle loadings. These shall be
Centrifugal Pumps
Centrifugal Compressor
API 617
Fired heaters
NEMA SM23
API 610
API 661
API 560
Formal computer analysis shall be carried out for lines under a, b, c, d, e, h only.
d) Non-ferrous lines
g) Lines 500 mm (20) NB and larger thickness less than Standard Weight wall thickness.
i) Inlet lines 65 mm (2-1.2) NB and above having set pressure 5.0 kg/cm2 g and above.
b) Lines downstream of bursting discs having pressure and size criteria as per above norms of
relief valves.