1) Introduction

Analytical techniques performed on oil samples can be classified in two

categories which are used oil analysis and wear particle analysis. Used oil analysis is
determines the condition of the lubricant itself, identify the quality of the lubricant and
check its suitability for continued use. For wear particle analysis, it is to determine the
mechanical condition of machine components that are lubricated
This experiment is aimed to find out the water content and oxidation number
between gear oil and engine oil by using oil analysis method. Oil analysis (OA) involves
sampling and analyzing oil for various properties and materials that indicate wear and
contamination in an engine, transmission or hydraulic system. OA is the use of various
laboratory tests to monitor lubricant health, equipment health and contamination. OA is
performed during routine preventive maintenance to provide meaningful and accurate
information on lubricant and machine condition.

2) Background Theory
Oil analysis is one of the methods which are being used to determine the
instantaneous condition of engine oil in order to prolong the efficiency of the engine
itself. Type of engine which can be studied through this analysis is gas engine, diesel
engine, motorcycle, industrial, air craft and marine and transmission. In other point of
view, oil analysis also can be understand as an activity which focus on lubricant
properties and suspended contaminants through continuous monitoring routine in order to
ensure that the particular machine or engine running smoothly.
Oil analysis also is a form of predictive maintenance which is being done based
on the condition on the engine and not to forget tribology study which is about wear
study in machineries. Oil analysis is consists of three main components which are such as
following:

a
b
c

Analysis of fuel properties

Analysis of contaminants
Analysis of wear debris from machinery

In order to perform a standard oil analysis, there are four exams which is needed to be
considered which are spectral exam, insoluble test, viscosity test, and flash point test.
Furthermore, there are also a specific test depends on a certain type of sample such as
Karl Fisher Water test, Total Halogen Screen test and Specific Gravity test.

3) Hypothesis
1. As the gear running time increase, the water content and oxidation number of oil will
increase.
2. As the engine running distance increase, the water content and oxidation number of
oil will increase.

4) Objective
1. To determine the characteristic of gear oil.
2. To determine the characteristic of engine oil.
3. To compare the water content and oxidation number of gear oil and engine oil in the
beginning and after processed.
4. To study the relationship of gear oil with gear running time.
5. To study the relationship of engine oil with engine running distance.

5) Procedures
5.1 Apparatus
Fluid Scan Q1000, Fluid Manager Software, Desktop Computer

Figure 1: Fluid Scan Equipment

5.2 Materials
Gear box oil, Motul 5100 4T 10W-50 Technosynthesis-Ester

Figure 2 Motul 5100 4T10W-50 Technosynthesis-Ester

5.3 Method

Figure 3: Illustration of oil analysis experiment

1. By using Fluid Scan equipment, choose Take Measurement and proceed to

Measure Fluid icon.
2. Then, a background measurement must be done and identify the fluid category by
clicking one of the choice given.
3. Determine the details of the analysis such as its sample ID and the date which are
the analysis will be started.
4. Insert a drop of fluid sample in the flip-top cell and the press OK soft button as to
5.
6.
7.
8.

run the analysis.

Close the flip-top cell.
Ensure that there is no presence of bubble at all at the sample.
As the progress bar had completed, results will be displayed on the screen.
Record the data in the table which had been provided.

6) Data Collection

i.

Gear oil

Table 1: Results of gear oil

ii.

Oil durations

Oxidation

Water content

(Hours)
0
1
2
3
4
5

(abs/0.1m)

(ppm)

Oil durations

Oxidation

Water content

(km)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80

(abs/0.1m)

(ppm)

Engine oil

Table 2: Results of engine oil

Graph of Oxidation against Oil Duration for Gear Oil

12
10
8
Oxidation (abs/0.1m)

6
4
2
0
Oil Durations (Hours)

Figure 4: Graph of oxidation against oil duration for gear oil

Graph of Water Content against Oil Duration for Gear Oil

12
10
8
Water content (ppm)

6
4
2
0
Oil Durations (Hours)

Figure 5: Graph of water content against oil duration for gear oil

Graph of Oxidation against Oil Duration for Engine Oil

12
10
8
Oxidation (abs/0.1m)

6
4
2
0
Oil Durations (km)

Figure 6: Graph of oxidation against oil duration for engine oil

Graph of Water Content against Oil Duration for Engine Oil

12
10
8
Water content (ppm)

6
4
2
0
Oil Durations (km)

Figure 7: Graph of water content against oil duration for engine oil

7) Reference
1

MHA Soliman,. (2015). Machinary Oil Analysis. Slideshare.net. Retrieved 27

September 2015, from
http://www.slideshare.net/MohammedHamedAhmedSo/machinary-oilanalysis?qid=b380aa29-45f9-4a35-94f16deca6b8c3d6&v=qf1&b=&from_search=1

Blackstone Laboratories. (2015). What is oil analysis? Retrieved from

Blackstone Laboratories: http://www.blackstone-labs.com/what-is-oilanalysis.php

3. Noria Publication. (2015). 660 Resources for "oil analysis". Retrieved from
machinery lubrication: http://www.machinerylubrication.com/Meta/Tags/oil
%20analysis