Boulwarism is a negotiation tactic named after General Electric's

former vice president Lemuel Boulware, who pioneered the strategy. In

negotiations with labour unions, it is an offer which is ultimate and to
which no further revisions will be made
The contract bar doctrine provides that once a contract is executed,
the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) generally does not permit a
representation election in the unit covered by the contract until the
contract expires up to a 3 year limit. This rule applies to a petition by
another union to represent the employees, a petition filed by the
employees to decertify, or a petition filed by the employer. The
contract bar doctrine is followed in determining whether or not an
existing collective-bargaining contract will bar an election.
Good-faith bargaining generally refers to the duty of the parties to
meet and negotiate at reasonable times with willingness to reach
agreement on matters within the scope of representation; however,
neither party is required to make a concession or agree to any
proposal.
Collective bargaining unit - Under the California Higher Education
Employer-Employee Relations Act (HEERA), (link is external)a collective
bargaining unit is a group of job positions/job titles with a sufficient
"community of interest" that a union can reasonably represent the
employees in the unit - particularly the negotiation of the employees'
terms and conditions of employment.
Certification election
Certification election is a process of determining through secret
ballot the sole and exclusive bargaining agent (SEBA) of all the
employees in an appropriate bargaining unit for the purpose of
collective bargaining.
Run off election - The two-round system (also known as the second
ballot, runof voting or ballotage) is a voting system used to elect a
single winner where the voter casts a single vote for their chosen
candidate.
Consent election - The Agreement for Consent Election form is then
presented to the NLRB for approval. Under this type of agreement, the
parties agree to the following: The employer is engaged in commerce.
An appropriate bargaining unit exists.
Voluntary recognition- A union can become the exclusive bargaining
agent for a group of employees in two ways. It can successfully

complete the certification process. A union can also

bevoluntarily recognized by an employer.
A zipper clause in the collective bargaining contract means that both
parties waive the right to bargain during the term of the
contract. Zipper clauses should be clear and unmistakable.
Substitutionary doctrine refers to a principle in labor law which
states that even during the existence of a collective bargaining
agreement executed between the employer and the employees
through their agent, the employees can change the said agent but the
contract continues to bind them up into its expiration date. According
to the doctrine, the employees cannot revoke the validly executed
collective bargaining contract with their employer by the simple
expedient of changing their bargaining agent. In the event, the new
agent must respect the earlier contract.
Strike A work stoppage; the concerted refusal of employees to
perform work that their employer has assigned to them in order to
force the employer to grant certain demanded concessions, such as
increased wages or improved employment conditions.
Lockout - Employer's withholding of work from employees in order to
gain concession from them; it is the employers' counterpart of the
employee's strike. Refusal by the employer to furnish available work to
its regular employees, whether refusal is motivated by the employer's
desire to protect itself against economic injury, by its desire to protect
itself at the bargaining table, or by both.
Cooling off period - an interval during which two people or groups who
are in disagreement can try to settle their differences before taking
further action.
an interval after a sales contract is agreed upon during which the
purchaser can decide to cancel without loss.
A strikebreaker (sometimes derogatorily called a scab, blackleg, or
knobstick) is a person who works despite an ongoing strike.
Strikebreakers are usually individuals who are not employed by the
company prior to the trade union dispute, but rather hired after or
during the strike to keep the organization running.
The application of the hold-over principle preserves continuity in the
transaction of official business and prevents a hiatus in government
pending the assumption of a successor into office