Beaches and coastal area is the one of great potential for archipelagic country

such as Indonesia. Based on data of Indoensian Geographic Information

Institute, islands in Indoensia reached 13.466 islands. Indonesia has 5 great
island and those all have coastal area. Indonesia, as archipelagic country,
coastal development goes into the spotlight to optimize the agricultural sector,
especially fisheries. GDP of agricultural sector Indonesia reached 2060,48
million rupiahs which fisheries sector about 44,97% on triwulan I 2014.
Although the primary sector is still based on the manufacturing industry.
Coastal area is a complex ecosystem when population growth, socio-economic
and technology expansion are getting faster. Managent and planning mistakes
transform the sustainability of water and coastal ecosystems being worst.
The coastal area is transitional between terrestrial and marine ecosystems are
affected by changes in land and sea. Indonesian coastal areas defined in Law
No.27/2007, the coastal area is an area that has a specific function based on
criteria of physical, social and economic to be protected. The region consists of
coastal areas and small islands, including the 12 nautical miles which measure
from the coastline (coastal waters). Biological resources consist coastal
biological resources (fish, reefs, seagrass), non-biological resources (seawater,
sand, minerals) as well as infrastructure supporting fishing activities and
underwater installation.
Planning in coastal area expected to increase the carrying capacity of the
environment taking into account the coastal ecosystem and socio-economic
conditions of society. In coastal areas, there are three treatment approaches
undertaken spatial planning. That consist of planning, implementation,
monitoring and evaluation program. Based on these premises, Coastal Law No.
27/2007 confirms that there are four stages in the process of structuring the
coastal region, which is divided into the Strategic Plan for Coastal Areas and
Small Islands (RSWP-3-K), Zoning Plan of Coastal Areas and Small Islands
(RZWP-3-K), Coastal and Small Islands Management Plan (RPWP-3-K), Action
Plan Management of Coastal Areas and small islands (RAPWP-3-K). The process
could develop the potential of coastal areas to improve the welfare of people in
coastal areas.
Planning and management of coastal areas in Indonesia refers to the Ministerial
Regulation No. 34 / PERMEN-KP / 2014 that emphasize the preparation of
stretagic coastal plan must be integrated with long-term planning in Indonesia.
The substance of the new rules contained in the coastal region and the longterm plan under consideration of the local government. In that document covers
the issues, the vision and mission of coastal management which is based on
public consultation and involved community groups and local governments.
Reviews from these groups provide input, feedback and suggestions for
Government, NGOs and relevant stakeholders correspond with the character of
the beach and coast in every province in Indonesia.
Because coastal
characteristics in Indonesia has different character, the coastal zone mapping
should be done at provincial level. To accelerate preparation of zoning plan, that
plan should match with regional economic plan which Provincial Government

sets. On this planning process, cooperation among the stakeholders on the

Ministrial Regulation No. 27/2007 involve not only governments but also
communities and NGOs that reduce the possibility of conflic on their own
coastal environment.
Main poin on coastal planning associated with mitigation and adaptation about
coastal disasters that occurs as a result of climate change. Planning coastal
areas expected to increase the people adaptive capacity who live in coastal
areas. Ministrial Regulation No. 27/2007 confirmed that the government and
local governments are obliged to empower people so they can improve their
welfare. Empower which improve capacity building, advance electronic access
to capital, infrastructure, and other productive economic assets. The existence
of detailed planning in coastal areas provide such access to coastal communities
to improve the well-being of coastal communities.