Glossary of Short Story Test

What is a short story?

a story intended to be read in 1 sitting; limited in they dont include extras
What is a novel?
novel: long invented prose narrative
What is a novella?
novella: a brief novel or long short story
Define fiction
fiction: literature that is not true
define plot
The pattern of events or main story in a narrative or drama
expostion
exposition: a setting forth of the meaning or purpose; exposing in the beginning of the
story
i. Establishes the setting
ii. Gives an idea of the conflict
iii. Gives a hint of who the protagonist may be
rising action
rising action: The events leading to the climax.
climax
The turning point of a story intense; no significant information is given after it
falling action
The events following the climax
denoument
The final resolution or outcome of the conflict
protagonist
the main character that has the problem
antagonist
the person, place, idea, or physical force opposing the protagonist
characterization
characterization: The way the author develops a character
a. physical description of person or kind of person
b. characters speech, actions, and thoughts
c. others opinions or a description by another character
d. characters response/reactions when interacting with others
9. Characterization of protagonist: a description of the main character or characters
a. trait: A long-term behavior or characteristic
b. feeling: a short-term emotional response to a particular situation
c. attitude: their attitude
setting
the place and time the story takes place
theme
the message hidden in the story by the author not moral

conflict and types

the protagonists problem in the story; a struggle between 2 opposing forces; can be
external (physical) or internal (conscience), or a combination of both
a. Man vs. man
b. Man vs. society
c. Man vs. environment
d. Man vs. himself
e. Man vs. supernatural/G-d
f. Man vs. Technology
flashback
A literary or cinematic device in which an earlier event is inserted into the normal
chronological order of a narrative.
foreshadowing
author gives hints of signs of what is to come
diction
Choice and use of words in speech or writing.
symbolism
The practice of representing things by means of symbols or of attributing symbolic
meanings or significance to objects, events, or relationships.
tone
The attitude of the AUTHOR toward the theme; the twist the author gives on the theme
agree or disagree, positive or negative
point of view
point of view: who tells the story
a. first person: major or minor character tells the story using I or we
b. third person limited: he, she, they narrator presents the information through the eyes
of a character whose knowledge of events is limited
c. third person omniscient: narrator can comment on any actions or thoughts (all
knowing)
irony
irony: A literary style employing such contrasts for humorous or rhetorical effect.
a. situational: Discrepancy between appearance and reality, expectation and outcome, or
reality and the way things should be
b. dramatic: a relationship of contrast between a character's limited understanding of his
or her situation in some particular moment of the unfolding action and what the audience,
at the same instant, understands the character's situation actually to be.
c. verbal: The speaker intends to be understood as meaning something that contrasts with
the literal or usual meaning of what he says
Author of Stop the Sun
Gary Paulsen
author of the lottery
shirley jackson
author of the git of the maji
o henry
author of walter mitty
James Thurber

athor of the necklace

Gay de maupassant
the author of the lady and the tiger
Frank R. Stockton
author of appointment with love
S L kishor
author of thank you mam
Langston Hughs
author of to build a fire
Jack London
basic plot and climax of stop the sun
climax-when he asks his father about the war
plot- terry's father has some illness that terry doesn't understand
setting of stop the sun
a long time after the vietnam war, present time, suburb
main characters of stop the sun
terry, his father, his mother
theme and symbolisim of stop the sun
theme-vietnam syndrom, you can't understand something you haven't gone through
symbolism - no sun equals safty
conflict and type of stop the sun
man vs. himself and man vs. man
terry doesn't understand his fathers illness, and his father is battleing with a hard illness
basic plot and climax of the lottery
climax - drawing from the box
plot- a village draws from a box to kill someone each year
setting of the lottery
june 27th, summer, village, past
main characters of the lottery
the town, tessie hutchinson
theme and symbolism of the lottery
twisted society(theme)
black box-death
conflict and type of the lottery
man vs. society
tessie gets picked from the black box
basic plot and climax of the gift of the maji
basic plot-a man and a woman buy presents for each other by selling what the other
baought something for and they are poor
climax - della sells her hair
setting of the girft of the maji
a long time ago in a city
main characters of the gift of the maji
della and jim
theme and symbols in the gift of the maji

theme-irony, gift giving

symbols - dellas hair and jims watch - pride and joy, the presents - love
conflict and type of gift of the maji
man vs. himself
they self their pride and joy for each other out of love
basic plot and climax of the necklace
plot- a poor woman maries a clerk her husband was limited to go to a ball but she had no
jewels or niceousifts and she gets a necklace but loses it and replaces it for more than
worth anf they end up running their life
climax- losing the necklace
setting of the necklace
france, 1800's
main characters of the necklace
Mathilde Loisel
theme and symbols of the necklace
theme- tell the truth
symbols - nechlace -impotance, responsibilty
conflict and type of the necklace
man vs. himself, she loses the necklace and has to spend 10 years of her life to replace it
basic plot and climax of appointment with love
plot - a man goes to new york to meet his pen pal
climax- a minute til six
setting of appointment with love
new york city, new york, train station
main characters of appointment with love
Lieutenant Blandford and the author
theme and symbols of appointment with love
theme- love is wats on the inside not the out
symbols - the book, love, mirical
the flower- the author
conflict and tyoe of appointment with love
man vs himself
a man goes to meet the love of his life but doesn't no wat she looks like and a fat ugly
woman goes up to him right afte a beutiful women walks by and he is tested to see if he
choses the right women
basic plot and climax in thank you mam
plot- a boy trys to steal from a woman but she catches him and takes him home to clean
up
climax- cleaning and taking care of the boy
setting of thnk you mam
a city
main characters of thank you mam
rodger and mrs. luella bates washington jones
theme and symbols of thank you mam

theme- don't steal, treat everyone with care

symbols- the purse, everything she had
conflict and type of thank you mam
a boy trys to steal from a lady but she basically kidnaps him cleans him up and teaches
him a lesson
man vs man or man vs himself
basic plot and climax of the lady and the tiger
a king puts people on trial in an area and they have to choice between to doors one has a
tiger and one has a lady
climax- the barberian goes on trial
setting of the lady and the tiger
olden time, roman empire, an arena
main characters of the lady and the tiger
a man, the princess, the king
theme and symbols of the lady
theme- a hard choice
symbols- lady, innocent, free
tiger - death, guilty
conflict and type of the lady and the tiger
man vs man, he has to choice which door and the princess knows and tells him to go to
the right
basic plot and climax of to build a fire
plot- a guy is walking through the yukon with his dog
climax- idk
setting of to build a fire
yukon
main characters of to build a fire
the man and his dog
theme and symbols of to build a fire
the fire- life
theme- don't go walking through the yukon
conflict and tyoe of to build a fire
a man is walking throught the yukon, runs out of food, and can't buid a fire
man vs. nature