HILLOCK INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL

SIRUMALAI
Class VII
I.

II.

III.

IV.

V.

VI.

Marks 30
Fill in the blanks:
4x1=4
1. The rearing of silkworms for obtaining silk is called _______________
2. _____________ leaves are eaten by silkworms.
3. _____________ is extracted from lichens.
4. Properties such as shape, size, colour and state of a substance are called its
_______________ properties.
Match the following:
5x1=5
1. Scouring
|
Metal
2. Mulberry leaves
|
Base
3. Yak
|
Wool yielding animal
4. Sodium hydroxide
|
Food of silkworm
5. Copper
|
Cleaning sheared skin
Answer the following questions:
4x1=4
1. Name the most common Silkmoth.
2. Which solution is applied on the skin when an ant bites
3. What is the chemical name of baking soda
4. Burning of coal is a physical change or chemical change?
Answer any three questions:
3x2=6
1. Why rusting of iron objects is faster in coastal areas than in deserts
2. Explain why an antacid tablet is taken when you suffer from acidity
3. Is distilled water acidic/basic/neutral? How would you verify it?
4. What is mean by the term rearing?
5. What is meant by the white fleece of the lamb
Answer any 2 questions:
2x3=6
1. Describe the process of neutralization with an example
2. State any 3 differences between acids and bases
3. Classify the changes involved in the following processes as physical or chemical
changes
a. Melting of wax
b. Digestion of food
c. Beating aluminium to make aluminium foil
4. Complete the following using appropriate words
a. Silk fibres are made of ___________
b. Weavers weave silk threads into _________
c. Mostly, sheep are reared for getting ______________
Answer any one question:
1x5=5
1. Draw the life cycle of silk worm
2. Describe how crystals of copper sulphate are prepared

HILLOCK INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL

SIRUMALAI
Class VII

Marks 30

I.

II.

III.

IV.

V.

VI.

Fill in the blanks:

4x1=4
1. Like synthetic fibres, plastic is also a ____________
2. Synthetic fibres are synthesized form raw material called___________
3. Metals react with acids to produce ______________ gas.
4. Least polluting fuel for vehile is _____________.
Match the following:
5x1=5
1. Coke
|
Jewellery
2. Gold
|
Machinery
3. Iron
|
carbon
4. Rayon
|
Do not wrinkle
5. Polyester
|
Artifical silk
Answer the following questions:
4x1=4
1. Give an example for synthetic fibres
2. Why plastic containers are favoured for storing food
3. Why aluminium foils are used to wrap food items
4. Name the petroleum product used for surfacing roads
Answer any three questions
3x2=6
1. Write any two uses of coke
2. Sodium and potassium are stored in kerosene. Give reason
3. Write word equation of the reaction involved when nails are placed in copper
sulphate solution
4. Give examples which indicate that nylon fibres are very strong.
5. Explain why some fibres are called synthetic
Answer any two questions:
2x3=6
1. Explain the difference between thermoplastics and thermosetting plastics.
2. Write any 3 uses of metals
3. Can you store lemon pickle in an aluminium utensil? Explain.
4. Describe how coal is formed from dead vegetation. What is this process called?
Answer any one questions:
5x1=5
1. Distinguish between Metals and Non-Metals.
2. Avoid plastics as far as possible. Comment on this advise.

Marking Scheme
Class :VII
Q.NO
I.
1
2
3
4
II
1

ANSWERS
Sericulture
Mulberry
Litmus
Physical
Cleaning sheared skin

Subject: Science-Chemistry
MARKS
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III

IV

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Food of silk worm

Wool yielding animal
Base
Metal
Mulberry silk moth
Calamine
Sodium bi carbonate
Chemical change
In coastal areas content of moisture in air is high as compared to desert
regions, rusting becomes faster
An antacid tablet consists of a base like milk of Magnesia. It neutralizes
the effect of excessive acid and brings relief.
Distilled water is neutral by nature. We can verify by performing litmus
paper test. It neither turns blue litmus into red. Nor it turns red litmus
into blue.
It is raising and taking care of live stock for commercial purposes.
White fleece of lamb means the colour of the fleece of lamb is white.
The natural fleece of sheep and goats is black, brown or white.
a. Protein
b. Silkcloth
c. Wool
The reaction between an acid and a base is known as neutralization.
Salt and water are produced in this process with the evolution of heat.
Acid+Base -------------- salt+water

3 Acid
1. Sour in taste
2. Turns blue litmus into red
3. Eg. Acetic acid, citric acid
4

Base
Bitter in taste
Turns red litmus into blue
Eg. Sodium hydroxide, potassium
hydroxide
a. Physical change
b. Chemical change
c. Physical change

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1. Take a cupful of water in beaker and add a

few drops of dil. Sulphuric acid.
2. Heat the water. When it starts boiling add
copper sulphate powder slowly while stirring
continuously.
3. Filter the solution. Allow it cool.
4. Do not disturb the solution when it is cooling.
5. You can see the crystals of copper sulphate
after few hours

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Marking Scheme
Class :VIII
Q. NO
I.
1
2
3
4
II
1
2

ANSWERS
Polymer
Petrochemicals
Hydrogen
CNG
Carbon
Jewellery

Subject: Science-Chemistry
MARKS
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VI

Machinery
Artificial silk
Do not wrinkle
Rayon, nylon
Light, strong, durable and cheap
Because it is highly malleable.
Coal tar
It is used in the manufacture of steel
It is used to make fuel gases
Sodium and potassium are highly reactive elements. They can easily
catch fire even when they come in contact with air. So, they have to be
kept in kerosene.
Iron + copper sulphate----- iron sulphate + copper
Nylon is a very strong fibre that is why nylon is used for making
parachutes, rock climbing ropes, fishing nets, seat belts etc., A nylon
thread is actually stronger than a steel wire.
Some fibres are called synthetic because they are not made from natural
fibres. Eg. Rayon nylon and acrylon
Thermoplastics
Thermosetting plastics
1. Plastics which can be
Plastics which when moulded once
deformed and bend easily
cannot be bent and deformed on
are known as
heating are known as
thermoplastics
thermosetting plastics
2. They are used for making
They are used for making
toys, containers, etc
switches, handles of utensils, floor
tiles etc.,
3. Example : PVC, Polythene Bakelite and Melamine
Metals are used in the following
1. Machinery
2. Cooking utensils
3. Electrical wires
4. Ships , trains
5. Construction material
No, we cannot store lemon pickle in aluminium utensils, as metals react
with acids to liberate hydrogen gas. The pickle can be spoiled
Due to natural processes the forests got buried under the soil. The
plants got converted into coal. The process of conversion of dead
vegetation into coal is called carbonization. It is also known as fossil
fuel.
Properties
Metals
Non-Metals
1. Appearance

Lustrous

Dull

2. Hardness

Hard

Soft

3. Malleablility

Malleable

Not malleable

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4. Ductility

Ductile

Not ductile

5. Conductivity

Good conductors

Bad conductors

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1. Plastics are non-biodegradable and take a lot of time to

decompose.
2. Plastics are not eco-friendly.
3. The plastic left in the soil results in soil pollution
4. Plastic bags drained into the water bodies cause threat to the
aquatic life also
5. Polybags choke the drains and sewage piper thus causing lot of
trouble.

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HILLOCK INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL

SIRUMALAI
Class XI
I. Answer all the questions:
1. What is limiting reagent?
2. What do mean by Mole fraction?
3. Calculate the formula mass calcium chloride.

Marks 70
20x1=20

4. Define one mole?

5. Which of the following orbitals are not possible? 1p, 2s, 3f and 4d
6. Write the electronic configuration of the element having atomic number 24.
7. What is the relationship between frequency and wavelength of light?
8. State Pauli Exclusion Principle.
9. State the modern periodic law.
10. Define atomic radius.
11. What the elements of a group have common among them?
12. What the s- and p- block elements are collectively called?
13. What is meant by disproportionation?
14. What is galvanization?
15. Identify the central atom in the following and predict their Oxidation state
16. Name the constituents of water gas.
17. Name one compound each in which hydrogen exists in (i) positive oxidation state, and
(ii) Negative oxidation state.
18. What is meant by 10 volume hydrogen peroxide?
19. Why is dihydrogen gas not preferred in balloons?
20. Out of Zn and Cu which is more reactive?
II. Answer the following questions:

5x2=10

1.
2.
3.
4.

Define the law of multiple proportions. Explain it with one example.

Mention the draw backs of Rutherfords atomic model.
Describe the two merits of long form periodic table over the Mendeleevs periodic table?
Determine the oxidation no. of all the atoms in the following oxidants:KMnO4, K2Cr2O7
and KClO4
5. What causes the temporary and permanent hardness of water?
III. Answer the following questions:
5x3=15
1. What is the percentage of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in ethanol?
2. Write the 3 points of difference between orbit and orbital.
3. Why does the first ionization enthalpy increase as we go from left to right through a
given period of the periodic table?
4. Identify the oxidizing and reducing agents in the following equations:
(i) Fe + H2SO4FeSO4 + H2 (ii) H2 + Cl2 2HCl (iii) MnO2 + 4HClMnCl2 + 2H2O +
Cl2
5. Hard water is unsuitable for laundry, washing and dyeing. Explain
IV. Answer the following:

5x5=25

1. What is the difference between empirical and molecular formula? A compound contains
4.07 % hydrogen, 24.27 % carbon and 71.65 % chlorine. Its molar mass is 98.96 g. What
are its empirical and molecular formulas?
2. What are the draw backs of Bohrs atomic model? Show that the circumference of the
Bohr orbit for the hydrogen atom is an integral multiple of the de Broglie wavelength
associated with the electron revolving around the orbit.

3. What is the cause of the periodicity in the properties of the elements? How do the
following properties vary in (a) a group and (b)in a period (i) electro negativity (ii)
ionization enthalpy (iii) Atomic size
4. What is SHE? What is its use?
5. What do you understand by (i) electron-deficient, (ii) electron-precise, and (iii) electronrich compounds of hydrogen? Provide justification with suitable examples.

Marking Scheme
Class :XI
Q.NO
I
1
2
3
4

Subject:Chemistry
Answers
The reactant which gets consumed first or limits the amount of product
formed is known as limiting reagent
One mole is the amount of a substance that contains as many particles as
there are atoms in exactly 12 g of the carbon-12.
Formula mass of CaCl2= 40+2 x35.5=40+71 = 111 u
Mole Fraction is the ratio of number of moles of one component to the
total number of moles (solute and solvents) present in the solution. It is
expressed as 'x'.

Marks
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5
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12
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14
15
16
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18
19
20
II

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3

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5
III

1p and 3f are not possible.

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5 4s1
velocity of light = frequency x wavelength. Frequency and wavelength
are inversely proportional to each other.
No two electrons in an atom can have the same set of four quantum
numbers or an orbital can have maximum two electrons and these must
have opposite spin.
- The physical and chemical properties of the elements are the periodic
function of their atomic numbers.
The one-half the distance between the nuclei of two covalently bonded
atoms of the same element in a molecule is called as atomic radius.
They have same number of electrons in the valence shell.
Representative elements.
In a disproportionation reaction an element simultaneously oxidized and
reduced. P4 + 3OH- +3H2O PH3 +3H2PO2Coating of a less reactive metal with a more reactive metal e.g.- coating
of iron surface with Zn to prevent rusting of iron.
central atom:- N; O.S. +5
Zn
Carbon monoxide and hydrogen
(i) HCl (ii) NaH
It means that 1 ml of H2O2 will give 10 ml of oxygen at N.T.P.
Dihydrogen gas is combustible in nature. Therefore, it may react with
oxygen highly violently. Thus, it is not used in balloons.
When two elements combine to form two or more compounds, then the
different masses of one element, which combine with a fixed mass of the
other, bear a simple ratio to one another. For example- carbon combines
with oxygen to form two compounds CO and CO2. Compound CO CO2
Mass of C 12 12 Mass of O 16 32 Masses of oxygen which combine
with a fixed mass of carbon (12g) bear a simple ratio of 16:32 or 1:2.
1.It could not explain the stability of an atom.
2. It could not explain the line spectrum of H- atom.
1. It removed the anomalies about the position of isotopes which existed
in the Mendeleevs table.
2. It relates the position of an element in the periodic table with its
electronic configuration.
In KMnO4 K = +1, Mn = +7, O = -2 In K2Cr2O7K = +1, Cr = +6, O =
-2 In KClO4K = +1, Cl = =+7, O = -2
Temporary hardness is due to presence of soluble bicarbonates of
calcium and magnesium. On the other hand, permanent hardness is due
to presence of chlorides and sulphates of calcium and magnesium.
Molecular formula of ethanol is : C2H5OH Molar mass of ethanol is :
(212.01 + 61.008 + 16.00) g = 46.068 g Mass per cent of carbon =
(24.02g / 46.068g) 100 = 52.14% Mass per cent of hydrogen =
(6.048g / 46.068g)100 = 13.13% Mass per cent of oxygen = (16.00 g /
46.068g)100 = 34.73%

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Ans. Orbit

orbital

1. An orbit is a well defined

circular path around the
nucleus in which the
electrons revolve

1. An orbital is the three dimensional

space around the nucleus within which
the probability of finding an electron is
maximum(upto 90 %)

2. It represents the planar

motion of an electron around
the nucleus

2. It represents the three dimensional

motion of an electron around the
nucleus

3. All orbits are circular and

disc like
3

4
5

IV

3. Different orbitals have different

shapes, i.e., s-orbitals are spherically
symmetrical, p-orbitals are dumb-bell
shaped and so on.
In a period, the nuclear charge (the number of protons) increases on
going from left to right. The electron added to each element from left to
right enters the same shell. This results in an increase of the effective
nuclear charge across the period on moving from left to right. As a
result, the electron get more firmly bound to the nucleus. This causes an
increase in the first ionisation enthalpy across the period.
:(i) O.A. =H2SO4 ; R.A.= Fe (ii) O.A. = Cl2; R.A.=H2 (iii)O.A. =
MnO2; R.A. =HCl
since we know that the soap are the sodium salts of higher fatty acids
like stearic acid (C17H35COOH), oleic acid (C17H33COOH) or
palmitic acid (C17H31COOH). When soap is added to hard water, the
anions of soap combine with Ca+2 and Mg+2 ions to form calcium and
magnesium salt which are insoluble in water.
M+2 + 2C17H35COONa (C17H35COO)2M + 2Na
From hard sodium stearate Metal stearate
Water (Soap) (precipitate)
Therefore, no lather is produce until all the calcium and magnesium ions
are precipitated. This also results into wastage of lot of soap. So hard
water is unsuitable for laundry, washing and dyeing

A compound contains 4.07 % hydrogen, 24.27 % carbon and 71.65 %

chlorine. Its molar mass is 98.96 g. What are its empirical and molecular
formulas? Ans. An empirical formula represents the simplest whole
number ration of various atoms present in a compound whereas the
molecular formula shows the exact number of different types of atoms
present in a molecule of a compound.

3
3

The empirical formula of the above compound is CH2Cl. empirical

formula mass is 12 + (1x2) + 35.5 = 49.5 n= molecular mass/ empirical
formula mass =98.96/49.5 = 2 Hence molecular formula is C2H4Cl2
2

.1.Bohrs model failed to account for the finer details of the hydrogen
spectrum.
2. Bohrs model was also unable to explain spectrum of atoms
containing more than one electron.
3. Bohrs model was unable to explain Zeeman effect and Stark effect i
4. Bohrs model could not explain the ability of atoms to form molecules
by chemical bonds
Since a hydrogen atom has only one electron, according to Bohrs
postulate, the angular momentum of that electron is given by:

Where, n = 1, 2, 3, According to de Broglies

equation:

Substituting the value of mv from expression (2) in expression (1):

Since2rrepresents the circumference of the Bohr orbit (r), it is proved

by equation (3) that the circumference of the Bohr orbit of the hydrogen
atom is an integral multiple of de Broglies wavelength associated with
the electron revolving around the orbit.
It is due to the similarity in the outer electronic configurations which
gives rise to the periodic properties of the elements.
(a) In a group:
(i) Electronegativity- It decreases down the group.
(ii) Ionisation enthalpy- It decreases down the group.
(iii) Atomic size- It increases down the group.
(b) In a period:
(i) Electronegativity- Increases

(ii) Ionisation enthalpy- Increases

(iii) Atomic size- Dereases.
Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE) has beenselected to have zero
5
standard potential at alltemperatures. It consists of a platinum foilcoated
with platinum black (finely dividedplatinum) dipping partially into an
aqueous solution in which the activity (approximateconcentration 1M) of
hydrogen ion is unity andhydrogen gas is bubbled through the solutionat
1 bar pressure.The potential of the other half cell is measuredby
constructing a cell in which reference electrode is standard hydrogen
electrode. The potential of the other half cell is equal to thepotential of
the cell.

[a]Electron deficient:- The hydrides which do not have sufficient

number of electrons to form normal covalent bonds is called electron
deficient hydride. For example, hydride of group 13 (BH3, AlH3, etc.).
[b] Electron precise:-The hydrides which have sufficient number of
electrons required for forming covalent bonds is called electron precise
hydride. For
example, hydrides of group 14 (CH4, SiH4, GeH4, SnH4, PbH4 etc.)
they have tetrahedral geometry.
[c] Electron rich hydrides:-The hydrides which have excess electrons
as required to form normal covalent bonds is called electron rich
hydride. For example, hydrides of group 15 to 17 (NH3, PH3, H2O,
H2S, H2Se, H2Te, HF etc.)

HILLOCK INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL

SIRUMALAI
Class XII
I. Answer all the questions:
1. Name one zero order reaction.

Marks 70

2. What is the effect of temperature on the rate constant of a reaction?

3. In a pseudo first order hydrolysis of ester in water, the following results were
obtained:
t/s
0 30 60
90
[Ester]mol L1 0.55 0.31 0.17 0.085
Calculate the average rate of reaction between the time interval 30 to 60 seconds
4. Define the term colligative properties?
5. What are the possible deviations from ideal behaviors?
6. Define the term azeotrope?
7. Define 'electrophoresis'
8. What is an emulsion?
9. what causes Brownian movement in a colloidal solution? (1)
10. Write the elements of group 15?
11. Write two uses of dinitrogen.
12. What happens when red blood cells are placed in 0.1% NaCl solution?
II answer all the questions:

1. A reaction is second order with respect to a reactant. How is the rate of the

reaction affected if the concentration of the reactant is i) doubled ii) reduced to

2. A first order reaction is 15% complete in 20 minutes. How long it take to be 60%
complete.
3. Describe the following:( 2)
(i) Tyndall effect
(ii) Shape-selective catalysis
4. What is meant by coagulation of a colloidal solution? Name any method by which
coagulation of lyophobic sols can be carried out. (2)
5 Plot a graph between vapour pressure and mole fraction of a solution obeying Raoults
Law at constant temperature? [2]
6 Draw the graphs of both deviations from ideal behaviours? [2]
7 When 20g of a non volatile solid is added to 250 ml of water, the freezing
point of water becomes -0.90C. Calculate molecular mass of the solid if kf of water is
1.860Ckg/mol. [2]

III answer all questions:

1. The vapour pressure of CS2at 5000C is 854 mm Hg .A solution of 2.0g sulphur in 100g

of CS2 has a vapour pressure of 848.9 mm Hg .Calculate the formula of sulphur molecule.
[3]
6. What is the difference between multi molecular and macromolecular colloids? Give example
of each type. How are associated colloids different from these two types of col1oids ? (3)

7. Define each of the following terms: (3)

(i) Micelles
(ii) Peptization
(iii) Desorption

IV answer all questions

1. (a) State Henry's law and mention its two applications.
(b) State Raoult's law for the solutions containing nonvolatile solute.
(c) On dissolving 19.5 g of CH2FCOOH in 500 g of water a depression of 10C in
freezing point of water is observed. Calculate the Vant Hoff factor. Given Kf =
1.86 K Kg mol-1.
2. a. Explain what is observed when (3)
(i) An electric current is passed through a sol
(ii) A beam of light is passed through a sol
(iii) An electrolyte (say NaCl) is added to ferric hydroxide sol
b. Write any two features which distinguish physisorption from chemisorption.

Marking Scheme
Class :XI
Q.NO
I
1
2
3

Subject:Chemistry
Answers

Marks
1

The rate constant is nearly doubled with a rise in

temperature by 10 for a chemical reaction.
Average rate of reaction between the time interval, 30 to
60 seconds,

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10

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12
1

= 4.67 103 mol L1 s1

The properties which depends upon amount of solute and
not upon the nature of soluteare called colligative
properties.
There are two types of deviation from ideal behaviour
positive and negative deviations.
A solution at certain concentration when continues to boil
at constant temperature without change in its
composition in solution & in vapour phase is called an
azeotrope.
Themovement of colloidal particles under an applied electric potential
towards oppositely charged electrodes is called electrophoresis.
Emulsions are liquid-liquid colloidal systems

Due to unbalanced bombardment of the colloidal particles by

the molecules of the dispersion medium.
The elements of group 15 are Nitrogen (N), Phosphorous
(P) , Arsenic (As) , Antimony (Sb) and Bismuth (Bi).

Rate = K [A]
(i) When concentration of reactant is doubled the rate becomes
2

4 times.
(ii) When concentration of reactant is reduced to
the rate becomes times.
2

Tyndall Effect:- The scattering of light by the colloidal particles present

in a colloidal sol is called Tyndall effect 1 + 1
Shape Selective Catalysis:- The catalytic reaction that depends upon the
pore structure of the catalyst and the size of the reactant and product
molecules is called shape-selective catalysis.
Coagulation is a process of aggregating together the colloidal particles
so as to change them into large particles which ultimately settle as a
precipitate.
By electrophoresis, coagulation of lyophobic Sols can be carried out / or
any other method.

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Multimolecular colloids

Macromolecular colloids

They are aggregates of molecules They themselves are large molecules

less than 1nm thick. of colloidal dimensions
Example :Sulphur Sol
Example :Starch
Associated colloids are those which at low concentration behave as
normal electolytes
& at high concentration act as colloids.
7

IV

i) Micelles:
Micelles are associated colloids which show colloidal behaviour at high
concentration and act as strong electrolytes at lowconcentration.
ii) Peptization:
The process of converting a precipitate into colloidal sol by shaking
itwith
dispersionmediumin the presence of a small amount of electrolyte is
called
Peptization.
iii) Desorption:
The process of removing an adsorbed substance froma surface onwhich
it is adsorbed is called desorption.
a.
b.

Electrophoresis takes place when sol particles move towards opposite

electrodes due to attraction.
ii) Tyndall effect will be observed due to scattering of light by colloidal
particles.
iii) Coagulation takes place (due to neutralisation of charges.)
b.

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