Welding

Welding isa fabrication or sculptural process thatjoinsmaterials,usually metals or thermo

plastics, by causing coalescence. This is often done by melting the work pieces and
adding a filler material to form a pool of molten material (the weld pool) that cools to
become a strong joint, with pressure sometimes used in conjunction with heat, or by
itself, to produce the weld. This is in contrast with soldering and brazing, which involve
melting a lower-melting-point material between the work pieces to form a bond between
them, without melting the work pieces.
Types of welding

Fusion welding
Non-fusion welding

Fusion welding
Fusion welding is a generic term for welding processes that rely upon melting to join
materials of similar compositions and melting points. Due to the high-temperature phase
transitions inherent to these processes, a heat-affected zone is created in the material
(although some techniques, like beam welding, often minimize this effect by introducing
comparatively little heat into the work piece.
Two important Principles
1 A metal with higher melting temperature will require more heat to fusion weld
than a metal with a lower melting temperature.
2 The larger the mass of metal, the greater the amount of heat that will be required
to raise the temperature above the melting point.
Types of fusion welding include:

Arc welding

Oxy-fuel welding

Electric resistance welding

Laser beam welding

Electron beam welding

Thermite welding

Pressure Welding
Welding is the joining of metals by the application of heat and/ or pressure, with or without the
addition of a similar metal i.e filler metal. A welding technique may be designated according to the
purpose for which it is used, or the procedure employed, or the nature of the heat source i.e gas
welding, electrical-resistance welding, arc welding, welding based on chemical reactions, etc.

Fusion welding

Fusion
welding by
thermomechanical
energy

Cast
welding

Gas
welding

Aluminothermic
welding

Manual
arc
welding

Gravitation
welding

Firecracker
welding

Narrow
gap
gasshielded
welding

Electrogas
welding

PlasmaMIGwelding

Electron
beam
welding

Arc welding

Light ray
welding

Metal arc
welding

Shielded
arc welding

Submerged
welding

Metal arc
welding
w cored
wire
electrode

Gas
shielded
arc-welding

Tungsten
arc welding

Metal
inert-gas
welding
(MIG)

Active gas
metal arc
welding

Tungsten
inert-gas
welding
(TIG)

Resistance
fusion
welding

Laser
welding

Electro
slag
welding

Plasma
arc
welding

Atomic
hydrogen
welding

CO2welding

Gasmixture
shielded
metal arcwelding

.
Pressure welding

Cold
pressure
welding

Shock
welding

Explosive
welding

Friction
welding

Ultrasonic
welding

Hammer
welding

Pressure gas
welding

Resistance
welding

Friction stirr
welding

Resistance
butt
welding

Flash butt
welding

Spot
welding

Arcpressure
welding

Diffusion
welding

Arc stud
welding

Arc
weldingusing
a
magnetically
moved arc

Projection
welding

Seam
welding

Foil butt
seam welding