Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
PSL + Causes
Social
Economic
Environmental
ST
LT Sustainability
Damaged
pavements
hazard, 300m sewage
pipes
washed
away
contaminate water, trees
uprooted
Helicopters
airlift
100, almost every
Cornwall
County
Fire Brigade station,
remain for week to
cleanup,
Transports
destroyed
ActionAid
links
slowed,
Destroyed
transport
links
(airport, ports, railways, roads),
internet and mobiles down,
electricity, gas and water gone,
business lost e.g. Toyota and
fishing, $309 billion cost 4%
GDP (most expensive natural
disaster), sea wall
Tsunami
destroyed
Fukushima
reactor,
radioactive leakage water,
food and land, around
24,000 hectares farmland
damaged due to salt
water, 24 million tonnes of
debris take 2.5 years to
clean
Transport
links
destroyed
slowed,
aircrafts used to
assess
damage,
military, emergency
services and UK
experts search and
rescue,
local
hospitals struggle
LEDC Tectonic
Haiti
12/01/2010
7.0
Richter
scale,
Caribbean and North
American
plate
boundary, conservative,
epicentre 13km below
surface
Bodies in streets as
morgues
overwhelmed
after 2 days, rubble in
streets,
river
water
infected
with
cholera
through sewage
Agriculture
(sugar
cane)
damaged by 8.5m storm surge,
industry (30 oil platforms)
destroyed insurance pay outs
$34 billion, raised premiums or
stopped insuring so prices fall
LEDC Climatic
Cyclone Nargis
Myanmar
27/04-03/04/08
Transport
links
destroyed
slowed,
huge
international
aid (20 million UK),
government
lose
control due to death
of
officials
and
destruction
of
buildings
Evacuate city, refuge
in
Superdome,
became unsanitary,
federal government
response but initially
slow
MEDC Climatic
Hurricane Katrina
New Orleans
23-30/08/05
Rivers/ Coasts
MEDC Flood
Valency & Jordan
Boscastle,
Cornwall
16/08/04
LEDC Flood
Brahmaputra,
Ganges, Meghna
Bangladesh
07-09/08
Natural Hazards
MEDC Tectonic
Sendai, Japan
11/03/11
Transport
links
destroyed
slowed,
huge
international
aid (17 million UK),
military junta refused
aid
and
barred
workers
at
first,
MEDC Industrial
Activity
Cambridge
Science Park
corruption
What
43
communities,
benefit
around 70,000, rely on land
for food and livelihood, recent
conflict and land led to less
produce, provides seeds,
water and crop knowledge
Over 100 businesses, mostly
quaternary
industry, e.g.
company invented Bluetooth
LEDC Industrial
Activity
Fiat
Betim, Brazil
MNC
Coca-Cola
Mehdiganj, India
Development and
Environment
Conflict
Pearl River Delta
SE China
Cambridge Human - transport links (M11 to Science Park Physical - Science Park Human business facilities
London, 45mins train to Kings Cross, close to landscaped provide serene (Innovation Centre to start up businesses and
Stansted airport), trained graduates University environment, 20 acres public 5 fibre optic systems), social facilities (Trinity
cheap,
move
between
companies, grounds, buildings not visible, centre includes restaurant, cafe and bar,
collaboration with University, land and labour car
parks
and
rubbish health and fitness club, nursey), innovation
cheaper than London, residences around 100 screened
milieu (new firms attracted by collections of
cheaper than London
smaller firms to share ideas, workers)
Brazil Human car market growing Brazil (1 in Betim Physical rich in raw Betim Human large and so cheap labour
12 1980, 1 in 8 today), rapid population growth materials (iron ore), Minas pool of around 400,000 and growing, excellent
(1.134%), large and increasing market no Gerais state many steelworks, transport links especially to Rio de Janiero and
need for expensive transport, government less than 300km from coast, coast (BR381, BR262, railway), site already
offered money and cheap land, allow take most of population lives there, had sewerage, electricity and road links
profits back to Italy, less strict health, safety international ports, all cheaper
and environmental laws so cheaper
transport
Why typical wage Social - wealthy farmers Economic - rice and grain Environmental - 1l used for Sustainability - jobs provide income,
below 1/day, water lose income and land so down
40%,
100 0.33l bottle, water table drop chance education, improve infrastructure
free in most of India, status, water peaceful permanent staff paid 1/ 60m up to 3km away, only (roads for transport)
India NIC so emerging protestors
beaten 8hr, majority day labourers subclimax vegetation reach (sustainable)
consumers
(broken bones), women paid 70p/ 12hr, injured groundwater,
water-poor locals affected farming and daily lives,
jailed, men turned away
sacked no compensation
47C, toxic water water
pressure on and pollution of water
(unsustainable)
Air - CO2 and smog from cars, industry Management - targets 2010 Water - heavy industry, factories and Management - set standards for
and power plants increase Greenhouse reduce 40% SO2 and 20% NOx, sewage, cheapest way to get rid of different types of water (not
effect, No.1 in Co2 production over 7,700 reduce coal and oil usage, filtering pollution, 70% water untreated and 62% controlled
enough,
many
tonnes 2010, increase freak weather, emissions, encourage clean or grade IV or below 2007, some pH1, chemicals
not
monitored),
change spread of precipitation, SO2 and public transport, 2008 SO2 13% Bromine, Magnesium and Beryllium, encourage clean manufacture so
NOx cars and industry dissolve in and Nox 29%, reduce carbon dont break done, bio-accumulation, harmful water not produced,
rainwater, 80% rain Guangzhou acid intensity 17% 2015 40-45% 2020 toxic, carcinogenic, mutagenicity, over Chinese government $7.1 billion
rain, respiratory problems, soil releases (but as GDP increases can meet 90 species fish face extinction 2005, to build 30 sewage plants and
mercury and aluminium, lower pH water, without reducing CO2)
Chinese white dolphin endangered, water treatment facilities, fines to
damage plants and animals, aluminium
eutrophication
stop illegal dumping (hard to
Alzheimers, buildings,
monitor