Sheet 6: Cold Stores

1.Given

Solution

2.Given

Solution

3.

A cold store of dimensions

m has an overall coefficient of heat

transfer through walls, floor, and ceiling of 0.2

condition is 30

. The outside

DBT and 50% RH. Five thousands kilograms of wet mixed

2

vegetables (specific heat of 3.65

are cooled from 25

and respiration heat of 0.092

to the storage temperature of 5

each day for 20

days. Consider that the total miscellaneous loads are 600 W. Neglect the
effect of solar radiation. Compute the cooling load based on a 16 hr/day
operating time for the equipment.
3- Given:
U=0.2 W/m2.K

Dimensions: 10x5x4 m

Product data: Wet mixed vegetables

To=30 oC

m=5000 kg

RHo=50%
C1=3.65 kJ/kg. oC

Respiration heat=0.092 W/kg

T1=25 oC

T2=Ti=5 oC

QM=600 W

(Total miscellaneous load)

Neglect sun effect

Required:
Equipment Load (based on n=16 hr/day operating time of equipment )
Solution

1-Transmission Load (QTr):

In general

Q=U.Ao.T

Awalls =[(5+10) x 2] x 4 = 120 m2

Aceiling = Afloor = 10 x 5 = 50 m2
U=0.2x10-3 kW/ m2.K

(given)

To=30 oC

(given)

Ti=5 oC

Tground=Tg=18 oC

from Egyptian code (cooling store)

QTr = Qwalls + Qceiling + Qfloor + Qsun(max)

neglect

= U.Awall.(To-Ti) + U.Aceiling.(To-Ti)+U.Afloor.(Tg-Ti)
= 0.2 x 10-3 x 120 x(30-5) + 0.2 x 10-3 x 50 x(30-5)+ 0.2 x 10-3 x 50 x(18-5)
= 0.98 kW
2-Air Change Load (QAC)

or Infiltration Load:

Interior volume =V = 10 x 5 x 4=200m3 (neglecting the walls, ceiling and floor thickness)
From table 5: (at V=200 m3 and room above 0 oC)
... Infiltration rate=13.9 L/s
From table 6-A: (At room above 0 oC, Ti=5 oC, To=30 oC and RHo=50%)
... Enthalpy Change=0.0536 kJ/L
... QAC = Infiltration rate (L/s) x Enthalpy Change (kJ/L) = 13.9 x 0.0536 = 0.745 kW
3

3-Product Load (Qp):

Qp,total=Qp + Qrespiration
=

+ m. (Respiration rate)

+ 5000 x

= 4.68 kW

4- Miscellaneos Load (QM) :

QM=600 W= 0.6 kW

(given)

=======================================

... Qtotal = QTr + QAC + Qp, total + QM

= 0.98 + 0.745 + 4.68 + 0.6 = 7.005 kW
Add

S.F=10%

... Q cooling Load = 1.1 x Qtotal = 1.1 x 7.005 = 7.71 kW

...

Required Equipment Load= Q Equipment = Q cooling Load x

= 7.71 x

= 11.57 kW

= 11.57 x

4. A cold store of dimensions

specific heat 3.77

T.R = 3.3 T.R

m is designed to cool 5 tons of milk of

from

to

in 18 hours for 1 week. There

are 300 W light and 4 persons each produces 250 W. The overall
coefficient of heat transfer through the room is 0.58
air condition is

, the outside

DBT and 60% RH, and the number of air changes is 8

per day. Determine the cooling capacity of the refrigerating unit in ton of
refrigeration based on 18 hr/day operating time for the equipment.
4. Given:
Dimensions: 4x8x4 m
Product data:

Milk

C1=3.77 kJ/kg. oC

m=5000 kg
4

T1=40 oC

T2= 2 oC

Light load = 0.3 kW, No. of persons = 4, Equivalent heat per person=0.250 kW
U=0.58 W/m2.K

To=40 oC

RHo=60%

Number of air changes per day = 8

Required:
Equipment Load (based on n=18 hr/day operating time of equipment )
Solution

1-Transmission Load (QTr):

In general

Q=U.Ao.T

Awalls =[(4+8) x 2] x 4 = 96 m2
Aceiling = Afloor = 4 x 8 = 32 m2
U=0.58x10-3 kW/ m2.K

(given)

To=40 oC

(given)

Ti= T2= 2 oC

Tground=Tg=18 oC

from Egyptian code (cooling store)

*Sun effect

from table (4)

... TE= TW= 3 oC

assume medium color

&

Troof=8 oC

QTr = Qwalls + Qceiling + Qfloor + Qsun(max)

= U.Awall.(To-Ti)+U.Aroof.(To-Ti)+U.Afloor.(Tg-Ti)+ )+U.Aroof.( Troof)

The maximum is from

= 0.58 x 10-3 x 96 x(40-2) + 0.58 x 10-3 x 32 x(40-2) roof

+ 0.58 x 10-3 x 32 x(18-2)+ 0.58 x 10-3 x 32 x(8) = 3.267 kW

2-Air Change Load (QAC)

or Infiltration Load:

Interior volume =V = 4 x 8 x 4=128 m3 (neglecting the walls, ceiling and floor thickness)

... Infiltration rate=11.85 L/s

From table 6-A: (At room above 0 oC, Ti=2 oC, To=40 oC and RHo=60%)
... Enthalpy Change = 0.1099 kJ/L
... QAC = Infiltration rate (L/s) x Enthalpy Change (kJ/L) = 11.85 x 0.1099 = 1.3 kW
3-Product Load (Qp):
5

Qp =
4- Miscellaneos Load (QM) :
QM= Qlight + Qpeople+ Qmotor

None

Assume (time in use = 3 hr/day)

=======================================

Add

S.F=10%

Required Equipment Load

5. A chilling room of dimension

from 40

to 0

m is used to chill 20 tons of meat

in 18 hours. The overall heat transfer coefficient through

the building is 0.29

and the specific heat of meat is

The total cooling load is 1.2 of the sum of the product load and heat
transmission load. Determine the cooling capacity of the refrigerating unit
in ton of refrigeration based on 18 hr/day operating time for the
equipment.
5- Given:
Dimensions: 15x10x4 m
Chilling = cooling
Product data: meat

m=20 ton =20 x103 kg

6

T1=40 oC

T2=0 oC

18 hr

C1 =3.14 KJ / kg K
U=0.29 W/m .K
Qcooling load= = 1.2 [ QTr + Qp]
2

Required:
Q Equipment

(based on n=18 h/day

operating time of equipment )

Solution
1-Transmission Load (QTr):
In general
Awalls=[(15+10)x2]x4=200 m2

Q=U.Ao.T

Aroof = Afloor = 15x10=150 m2

U=0.29x10-3 kW/ m2.K

(given)

Ti= T2= 0 oC
To=38 oC

from table (1) [Cairo, Summer, Tdb (2.5%)]

Tground=Tg=18 oC
*Sun effect

from Egyptian code (cooling store)

from table (4)

... TE= TW= 3 oC

assume medium color

&

Troof=8 oC

QTr = Qwalls + Qceiling + Qfloor + Qsun(max)

= U.Awall.(To-Ti)+U.Aroof.(To-Ti)+U.Afloor.(Tg-Ti)+ )+U.Aroof.( Troof)
-3

-3

= 0.29 x 10 x 200 x(38-0) + 0.29 x 10 x 150

The maximum is from

roof
x(38-0)

+ 0.29 x 10-3 x 150 x(18-0)+ 0.29 x 10-3 x 150 x(8) = 4.988 kW

2-Product Load (Qp):

Product is (meat ) : m=20 ton =20 x103 kg ,
From table (9)

Select

T1=40 oC

Tfreezing= -0.5 oC

Beef

... T2 > Tfreezing

C1=3.14 kJ/kg.K (Specific heat before freezing)

only

18 hr

T2=0 oC

... Qp =

38.765 kW
=======================================
.

. . Q cooling Load =1.2 [QTr +Qp ]

= 1.2 [4.988 +38.765 ]= 52.5 kW
...

Required Equipment Load = Q Equipment = Q cooling Load x

= 52.5 x

= 70 kW

= 70 x

T.R = 19.91 T.R