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structures in architecture
Professor John Chilton
School of Architecture, Design and Built Environment
Nottingham Trent University
john.chilton@ntu.ac.uk
11 May 2009
Introduction
Content:
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Geodesic dome
Dali Museum, Figueras, Spain
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Spiders web
Spiral or orb web - filigree net of
tensile threads
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Sony Centre
Berlin, Germany, 2000
Architects: Murphy & Jahn
Engineers: Arup
Basic shapes
Anticlastic tensile structures
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support locations
edge details
pre-stress to be applied
dynamic relaxation
force-density
Patterning
Cutting of fabric
Radio-frequency or heated bar welding (usually)
assembly into fields
tensioning between boundaries
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SOUTH ELEVATION
PLAN VIEW
WEST ELEVATION
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+ Cheaper
+ Flexible
+ Chemically inert
+ Lifespan >25 years
Typical materials
Coated woven Membranes
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Cutting Pattern
Stadium roof in Abuja, Nigeria showing patterning of
membrane surface (Form TL). This has an impact on
the aesthetic of the architectural envelope
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Cutting
Welding
Assembly into field
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Tensile membranes
By their nature tensile
membrane structures are
designed to cover large areas
with lightweight material
(commonly around 1 kg/m2).
They are also designed for
ease of dismantling, as the
surface has a design life of
typically 15 to 25 years after
which it needs to be replaced.
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Tensile membranes
During installation the prefabricated
membrane is suspended and pre-tensioned
using (normally) steel components (such as
edge cables, bolts, plates etc) attached to
steel masts and tie-downs.
Dismantling directly reverses the erection
process. PVC/polyester membranes can be
fully recycled.
http://www.texyloop.com/internet/gb/
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