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CHAPTER I
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
Introduction
Computer changed the peoples way of life from the very first day it was
invented. And since then, a lot of changes poured upon the humanity. Computer,
or the technology itself, can be considered a huge leap to mankind. It definitely
makes peoples lives easier and faster, as it was defined on a most of textbooks.
Technology is now a big part of peoples way of living; something that cannot be
taken away for people might find it hard to go on the day-to-day basis without its
1
transactions like annual reports and the likes. These also will be the companys
basis on improvement. The movement of the data within the office must be fast
and efficient. From the tips of the finger of the users, to the numerous amounts of
financial transactions, to the printed annual or even monthly reports, every data
must be well-organized and centralized. In ITCPHs case, using MS Excel was
still their option.
will download the form fill it up with use of pen, paste his or her picture on the
upper right part then scan it. The scanned application form will be sent to the
office via email. Another option was to fax it. Another way of registration is by
walking onto the office fill up the form. After filling up the form data will be input
on the excel file. Having the photo of applicant taken would take much time.
There are using digital camera. After the photo was taken, it will undergo in a
copy-paste-crop process. The data from registration will then be used for TACR,
directory, and ITCPH Newsletter subscription records. Three different functions,
also from three different excel files. Another thing is the accounting department,
where payments for the trainings go. ATI-ITCPH is also venturing in sailing
livestock and livestock products. This also involves the accounting department.
But unfortunately, they are still using manual process where the cashier needs to
write on an official receipt. Lastly, the farm gathering data, this is a very important
aspect in terms of monitoring ATI-ITCPHs farm. Yes, the farm may not be that
distant from the office itself but after monitoring the person in-charge has to walk
all the way to the office to change the data on the excel file for farm data.
Generally, these departments work differently. But they must function as a
whole and that is why they have to have a centralized database. In response with
the problem, the researchers came up with a system that will benefit ATI-ITCPHs
system as a whole. MS Excel will be out of the system; there will be a database
that can hold huge amount of data to be provided, with all the offices system
connected to it. From the accounting to the registration, all will be connected on
the database. In terms of the online registration, there will be a more user friendly
and object-oriented application form. An e-mail will be sent to the person-incharge upon an online application. In the walk-in registration, there will be a
system provided for the data input on the database, also photo and signature
gathering will be much easier. For the accounting department, a POS will be
provided and receipt printing would be possible. For the farm data, a system will
be provided as well, it will be LAN-Based so that the personnel at the farm need
not to go to the office just to edit the file. Everything will be edited on the unit
provided there. Also, the personnel at the office will be alerted if ever there are
problems in the farm records are above or below normal.
Specific Problem
International Training Center for Pig Husbandry (ITCPH) needs to have a
more centralized data gathering and retrieving system. In line with this are
5
different systems (both online and LAN-based) that should work together to
achieve the primary goal of the research. The problems were studied specifically
as follows:
The system is not that secured. The details of each processes can easily be
seen by just opening the excel file that corresponds a certain process making it
easier for unauthorized person to access the details. Such processes, more
function.
The accounting department still uses manual process. Other than the time
retrieving data is necessary, more time will be needed from the one in-charge.
In case of data-loss, it will be impossible for data to be retrieved since files are
on MS Excel only.
Specific Objective
The system to be developed primarily focused on providing a centralized
data gathering system. The researchers specifically would like to accomplish the
following:
less of a hassle as a computer unit connected to the office will be provided at the
farm.
personal.
Digital photo and signature gathering device for application of walk-in applicants
Printing options for TACR, Newsletter wrapper and directory
Printing options for course participants information and identification
Direct online course application
Object-oriented online course application form
LAN-based farm data gathering
Receipt printing for accounting department
Printing options for reports
Auto back-up of data
User login is required
Registration processes does not support finger print capturing
The proposed system allows the registration personnel to garner and
retrieve data faster. Provided the information from the trainees filled up form, the
personnel can just simply input all the information on the system, then save it.
Other than that, there would be a webcam that takes images clearly. Also, there
is a digital signature capturing device for the trainees signature to be digitalized.
Both saved with the other information on the directory. Finger print capturing
feature, on the other hand, was not available. Upon saving, everything will be
saved on the database as well. Clear button was provided just in case the
registration personnel need to clear each field. There would be a print option
wherein you can choose what to print from directory, newsletter recipients, or
8
TACR, according to what was needed. There would be a login page before
entering the programs main menu; this will only allow the authorized personnel
to have access on the program. The online application will be much easier; the
applicant will just fill it up and submit directly, no more fax or email needed. Farm
data gathering will be much easier for the person in-charge. A computer unit
which is connected via LAN to the office will be provided at the farm for easier
information input. Other than that, a message will prompt in the server if ever the
statuses at the farm became below or above normal (e.g. mortality rate). This will
allow the farm manager to keep an eye on farm monitoring without living his
office. Lastly, the accounting process, there will be an electronic receipt printing.
All of these data are interconnected by a database. This will allow office-related
processes to be easier and faster. Passwords will be provided for those who are
authorized in the said processes. Therefore, every single process will be
secured. Every process will be limited only to the personnel in-charge,
respectively.
Research Questions
1.
(GREEN) of ATI-ITCPH?
2.
3.
(GREEN) of ATI-ITCPH?
4.
(GREEN) of ATI-ITCPH?
5.
10
confirmation e-mail. And so do the registration personnel, this will inform her
about a new training applicant. But he/she need not to do anything anymore. As
an online application ends, the applicants details will go directly to the database.
Another process is the payment process. This is for the payment for
trainings as well as the payment for livestock and other ITCPHs products that will
be purchase. The payee will go to the accounting department and pay for the
corresponding amount. The cashier will input the payment details on the POS.
Once done, a receipt will be printed. All the transactions will go to the database,
including the receipt copy.
Lastly, the farm data gathering system, another computer unit will be
provided at the farm proper, making it possible for the monitoring personnel to
report directly to the office. The farm manager will also know farm matters by just
monitoring on the office, in a computer connected to the one on the farm. In case
of abnormalities on the data and other farm problems, the system will prompt,
and the farm manager will come up with a resolve fast.
Definition of Terms
For the readers to better understand, definition of terms was provided:
Adobe Photoshop CS6 software that will be used by the developers for their
systems design, particularly that to improve the systems presentation to make it
more appealing to the eye.
11
12
13
Registration System a system that will be provided for the walk-in training
applicants
Scan to duplicate something, specifically the form filled-up by an applicant, to
be sent on ITCPH via e-mail.
SQL Server 2008 to be used by developers on database management
System the unification of the people involved the technology, and the process,
having a systematized function.
TACR (Training Accomplishment and Completion Report) report kept and
managed by the monitoring and evaluation section of ITCPH for further
monitoring.
Visual Basic .NET software that will be used by the developers for the
framework of their system
CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES
For further understanding of the study, the researchers made use of
different materials such as books, magazines, newspapers, web articles and
other related researches to broaden their knowledge about their chosen topic.
14
This research can never take place without the researchers bases of
other write-ups and studies. In this chapter, the researchers present their
foundations of carrying on with the General Records for Evaluation Efficiency
(GREEN) Project for ATI-ITCPH.
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Local Published Literature
In this section, the researchers will discuss about the local literatures
related to their research:
Stories on technology are increasingly relevant especially in todays
digital age, where technological advancements have been steadily making waves
in society and permeating everyday lives. (Gomez, et. al., 2012) Yes, indeed,
technologys contribution to the society cannot be denied. We mostly rely from it,
and company processes are not exempted.
It was stated at the Government Information Systems Plan The success
stories of many Asian countries may be attributed in large part to their adoption of
policies and strategies that focused on the use and exploitation of information
and communications technology (ICT).
introduced to the technology, people adopted to it that fast, or for some may be
little by little. Successful countries adapted to it so fast that it benefited their
economic growth as well.
15
In line with the modernization is the huge necessity for data - data and
information that are overflowing at the tip of the hand of mankind. Therefore,
database existed. It will hold huge amount of data and will make retrieving and
adding much easier if worked together with a certain system.
According to an article formwww.sgs.ph, The successful outcome of an
exploration program relies on accurate well-managed database management,
database mapping and ore body mapping Therefore like other, it emphasizes
the importance of databases, not only databases, but well-managed databases
for better outcomes.
According to an article from http://computer-dbms.blogspot.com/ about
database management, The middle level in the three-level architecture is a
conceptual view level, which is also referred to as logical view level. It describes
the entire structure of database such as entities, attributes, data types,
relationships, constraints, and user operations. That conceptual view level is
important in a database system. Therefore the researchers focus mainly on the
mentioned because it focuses on the database structure itself.
The researchers also focus on the basic structures of SQL, considering
that they will use it for the database management. The basic structures are as
follows:
The select clause corresponds to the projection operation of the relational
algebra. It is used to list the attributes desired in the result of a query.
16
data
is
constantly
being
moved
around
and
undergoing
17
This simply means that data needs a big thing to hold it. It continues to multiply
and will never diminish. That is why database is necessary.
The king of database world, in terms of overall deployments, is the
relational database. This type of database is found in almost every software and
hardware product. (Siglin, 2013) The researchers are very well aware of the
significance of database to the world. That it is useful to almost all of the
companies. But there are some dilemmas that a database could undergo.
Though databases are a big help, there are some who hasnt reached its
good peak of benefits just yet. According to Currim, et.al, (2008), the part of the
reason might be the lack of standardization in capturing the semantics of spatial /
temporal constraints. The researchers then believe that with realizing such
constraints, it will be possible to maximize the use of the data and the database
to be exact.
Watson, et al. (n.d.) said that some of the greatest opportunities and
challenges associated with the big data must be considered. putting the data
on the appropriate platform, integrating these platforms, providing governance of
big data, and getting people with right skills to do the work, are among the those
greatest opportunities and challenges as they said. Taking these into
considerations can also be a big help in further understanding of the database
itself.
18
19
option when it comes to the need for a better process. In that way, problems are
emphasized and solutions are also brought up.
As information and internet technologies have become more accessible
and powerful, enterprise data and information have dramatically increased and
have become more vital in decision-making. (Chen, et. al., 2008) The
researchers also thought of having an online approach with the system they
proposed so that the beneficiary will reach those who are far away.
20
21
22
SYNTHESIS OF REVIEW
The research mainly focuses on management of the database. This made
the researchers to come up with the idea of the GREEN (General Records for
Evaluation and Efficiency) Project for ITCPH. The said project focuses on three
different departments of ITCPH: accounting, farm, and registration departments,
respectively. Every single one has its own function - different function that will be
interconnected with the aid of database, a database that will make the retrieving,
adding, and editing data. Also, reports will be much easier for it will become just a
print away. Better outputs will exist more accurate and efficient ones.
23
Processes will be much faster and will never need much of time and effort from
the people involved in the system.
The similarity with the existing system is that they are using technological
tools to function. As what was pinpointed at the above related literatures and
studies, database is an essential part of a system. But without the technology
that will make it function, it will be just a mere database. Even so, it is very
necessary to make the best out of the technologies so that the user can benefit
more on system.
The related literature and studies provide a broader knowledge for the
researchers in their chosen topic. They gave the ideas for the betterment of the
system as follows:
processes quicker and easier. Hence, the beneficiary will be more productive.
The current existing studies proves that having an automated system with a
centralized database will make use of less time and effort with regards to the
employees, and persons involved. Thus, GREEN (General Records for
Evaluation and Efficiency) Project for ITCPH can be effective when implemented.
The beneficiaries will benefit from the system in terms of reliability, security, cost
reduction, accuracy, and other business related advantages.
24
CHAPTER III
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLGY
25
Respondents
The respondent of this research study are the ITCPH staffs and the trainees of
the International training center for pig husbandry. These respondents who are
not naturally into automated software.
26
(GREEN) of ATI-ITCPH
Name:
Position:
Instruction: Read the questions carefully and encircle the number, answer it
based on this following scoring scale:
5 (Strongly Agree)
4 (Agree)
3 (Neither Agree nor Disagree)
2 (Disagree)
1 (Strongly Disagree)
Accuracy:
1.
Does the General Records for
Evaluation Efficiency (GREEN)
of ITCPH has a high level
of accuracy?
2.
3.
3.
Efficiency:
28
1.
User Friendliness:
1. Is the system convenient to use?
2.
3.
2.
3.
Security:
1.
Does the General Records for
Evaluation and Efficiency (GREEN)
of ITCPH has a strong
assurance of security?
2.
3.
_______________________
Signature
29
Comment:
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
Rating Scale
The research evaluation instrument use Likert scale to interpret items in the
questionnaire. The respondent was ask to rate the question using the 5-point
scale.
The Five-point Likert Scale
Range
Interpretation
5.0 4.0
Excellent
3.9 3.0
Very good
2.9 2.0
Needs Improvement
1.9 1.0
Poor
30
31
Design
Software design is the blueprint of the system, which once completed can
be provided to developers for code development. It was done for planning the
design of the system. Not only the physical representation, but also how user
friendly it is as far as the users are concern.
Coding
During this phase, the blueprint of the software is turned to reality by
developing the source code of the entire application. It is a necessary process to
provide a system. Codes are used for systems functionalities.
Testing
Once the application development is completed, It is tested for various
issues like functionality, performance, and so on.
Deployment
32
central themes in the life world of the subjects. The main task of interviewing is to
understand the meaning of what the interviewees say.
G.Survey. The questionnaire that will determine the appeal of the proposed
system to the possible users and others related in the process.
35
36
37
39
Mean
SD
10
4.37
0.68
Verbal
Interpretation
Excellent
forEvaluation Efficiency
(GREEN)of ITCPH has a high
levelof accuracy?
41
Accuracy:Question2
Mean
SD
10
4.26
0.65
Verbal
Interpretation
Excellent
information fromrespective
department the data is from?
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
42
Accuracy:Question
3
Mean
SD
14
4.11
0.57
Verbal
Interpretatio
n
Excellent
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
The table 4.4 shows the over-all evaluation of the respondents on each
category:
FACTOR
MEAN
STANDARD
DEVIATION
Accuracy
4.25
0.63
VERBAL
INTERPRETATIO
N
Excellent
Mean
Standard Deviation
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
Accuracy
44
Reliabilit
Is the Gene
Evaluation
(GREEN
depe
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Reliability:Question
2
Mean
SD
12
4.16
0.60
Verbal
Interpretatio
n
Excellent
45
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Reliability:Question
3
Mean
SD
4.26
0.73
Verbal
Interpretatio
n
Excellent
highlevel of reliability?
46
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
MEAN
STANDARD
DEVIATION
Reliability
4.31
0.65
VERBAL
INTERPRETATIO
N
Excellent
47
4.5
4
3.5
3
2.5
Mean
Standard Deviation
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
Reliability
Mean
SD
1
2
4.52
0.70
Verbal
Interpretatio
n
Excellent
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Efficiency:Question
2
Mean
SD
10
4.31
0.67
Verbal
Interpretatio
n
Excellent
49
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Efficiency:Question
3
Mean
SD
11
4.26
0.65
Verbal
Interpretatio
n
Excellent
50
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
MEAN
STANDARD
DEVIATION
Efficiency
4.35
0.66
VERBAL
INTERPRETATIO
N
Excellent
51
4.5
4
3.5
3
2.5
Mean
Standard Deviation
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
Efficiency
Mean
SD
11
4.26
0.65
Verbal
Interpretatio
n
Excellent
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Security:Question2
Mean
SD
1
2
4.52
0.70
usernamesand passwords to
Verbal
Interpretatio
n
Excellent
53
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Security:Question3
Mean
SD
11
4.26
0.65
Verbal
Interpretatio
n
Excellent
54
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
MEAN
STANDARD
DEVIATION
Security
4.33
0.65
VERBAL
INTERPRETATIO
N
Excellent
55
4.5
4
3.5
3
2.5
Mean
Standard Deviation
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
Security
Mean
SD
10
4.26
0.65
Verbal
Interpretatio
n
Excellent
use?
56
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
User-friendliness:
Question2
Mean
SD
10
4.26
0.65
Verbal
Interpretatio
n
Excellent
understand?
57
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
User-friendliness:
Question3
Mean
SD
4.21
0.71
Verbal
Interpretatio
n
Excellent
58
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
MEAN
STANDARD
DEVIATION
User-friendliness
4.27
0.67
VERBAL
INTERPRETATIO
N
Excellent
59
4.5
4
3.5
3
2.5
Mean
Standard Deviation
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
User-Frienliness
60
CHAPTER V
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND
RECOMMENDATIONS
61
4. Security- It has a result of 4.33 in overall rating of each questions with the
interpretation of Excellent to the security. Which stated that in the
General Records for Evaluation Efficiency (GREEN) of ITCPH, most of
the respondents said that the security of the system is excellent.
Conclusion
The researchers conclude that General Records for Evaluation Efficiency
(GREEN) of ITCPH will provide a lot of aid to different office departments. Farm
data recording will now be much easier since everything will be sent to the office
in a short period of time. Not to mention that there will never be a need again for
62
farm personnel to go back and forth the farm and the office just to encode or
record the data. The registration will be much easier for the registration
personnel and the applicants, as well. The accounting department will not use
manual process anymore. The processes will be safer and more secured too.
And for the ITCPH as a whole, reports that they will be sending to the Agricultural
Training Institute (ATI) will be much easier to print and are more accurate.
Recommendations
Based on the findings and conclusion, the researchers provided the
following recommendations:
ITCPH Staffs To further protect the data, never give or share the password to
anyone who is not authorized.
Training Applicants Provide correct information to avoid future problems.
Future Developers The system will serve as a guide for them to provide an
enhanced version of the research and the system in the future.
63