Endocrine system

Name:
1.

Date:

The diagram below represents the region between

two nerve cells. Cell A releases a chemical that
travels to and binds with structure X on cell B.

3.

Base your answer to the following question on

the information below and on your knowledge of
biology.
Botulinum toxin is a protein produced
by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. It
causes a serious form of food poisoning in
humans. In a very dilute form, it is also
commonly used to eliminate some signs of
aging, such as wrinkles. It does this by
preventing nerves from releasing a chemical
messenger called acetylcholine into the
synapse (space between a nerve cell and a
muscle cell). The toxin a ects the process
that causes the muscle cell to contract and
form wrinkles.
The diagram below represents a process that is
involved in the formation of wrinkles. Complete
the diagram by drawing an appropriate structure
on the muscle cell membrane that would allow the
nerve cell to communicate with the muscle cell.

Structure X most likely represents

A.

a receptor molecule

B.

an inorganic substance

C.

a ribosome

D. an antibody
2.

How do cells in the ovary detect a hormone from

the brain?
A.

The brain sends a nerve impulse to the ovary.

B.

White blood cells bring the hormone to the

ovary.

C.

Receptor molecules on the cells of the ovary

bind with the hormone.

D. Vacuoles within the ovary bind with the

hormone.

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4.

The diagram below represents cells and hormones

present in the human body.

6.

The blood glucose range for a healthy adult is

65104 mg/dL. Which graph best illustrates normal
blood glucose levels in a healthy adult over the
course of a day?
A.

Which statement correctly describes an interaction

between the hormones and the cells?
A.

Hormone A is synthesized by cell 2 and

targets cell 1.

B.

Hormone B bonds with both cell 1 and cell 2.

C.

Speci c reactions carried out by cell 1 are

regulated by hormone C.

B.

D. The specialized receptor molecules on cell 1

secrete hormone B.
5.

C.

The diagram below shows how a chemical message

produced by one cell is received by other cells.

D.

If these chemical messages are destroyed, the

target cells will
A.

produce their own chemical messages

B.

not respond with appropriate actions

C.

develop di erent receptors

D. no longer be produced in the organism

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Endocrine system

7.

The action of insulin on sugar levels in the blood

helps to
A.

interfere with homeostasis

B.

maintain dynamic equilibrium

C.

coordinate enzyme production

10.

The diagram below represents a sequence of events

that occurs in the human

D. regulate digestion of protein

8.

Base your answer(s) to the following question(s)

on the diagram below and on your knowledge of
biology. The diagram represents the e ect of two
chemical substances, A and B, in maintaining the
level of glucose in the blood in humans.

body throughout the day. These events can best

be described as an example of
A.

an energy cycle

B.

recycling of inorganic materials

C.

a feedback mechanism

D. a learned behavior
11.

The interaction of substances A and B is an

example of
A.

a genetic mutation

B.

homeostatic feedback

C.

an immune response

A.

regulate fat concentration by a feedback

mechanism

B.

provide protection against an infectious disease

C.

slow down the heart rate after a period of

activity ends

D. maintain blood sugar levels throughout the

day

D. active transport
9.

The rst successful transplant of insulin-producing

cells from a living donor pancreas was completed
in April 2000 in Japan. This enabled the body of
the recipient to

Which statement is correct regarding the substances

involved in these interactions?
A.

Substance A is insulin, which is released by

cells in the pancreas.

B.

Substance B is a chemical receptor molecule

produced by blood cells.

C.

Both substances A and B are classi ed as

biological catalysts.

D. Substance A is a chemical that is produced by

specialized blood cells.

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Endocrine system