RNA Class:The Classification of RNA

Ribose Nucleic Acid, also named RNA, is the intermediary of DNA and protein.
Compared with DNA, RNA has less molecular-weight but more classification.With
the development of all kinds of research, scientists found that RNA plays an important
role in the evolution of life. I hope this article can share basic knowledge with you
and can make you have a better understanding on RNA.

The General Classification of RNA in Organism

The RNA we have found main contains four types RNA, and here I list several types
which are important:
NAME
BASIC FUNCTION
message RNA(mRNA)

RNA carries
genetic
transcribed form DNA.

transfer ribonucleic acidt RNA(tRNA)

RNA is responsible to transport in

protein synthesis.

ribosomalRNA(rRNA)
MicroRNAs(miRNAs)

The main part of ribosome

A kind of non-coding RNA in eucaryon
with regulative function
Small RNA can be formed complex with
protein, play an important role in the
activity of cells.
telomeraseRNA is related to the
replication of chromosomes
antisenseRNA
involves in the
regulation of gene expression.
Non encoding protein RNA but
participate in the regulation of cells.

Small RNA

telomeraseRNA
antisenseRNA
long non-coding RNA(lnc RNA)

information

The protein synthesis is the most important and complicated metabolic process in
organism. Every kind of RNA has its own responsibility. Message RNA is responsible
for message passing; Ribosomal RNA is responsible for amino acid transport and
information transformation; the main function of rRNA is ribosome assembly and
catalysis. The cooperation of these three main types of RNA is the guarantee of
normal function of organism.
tRNA
Transfer ribonucleic acidt RNA has the smallest molecule in RNA family, and 15% of
RNA is tRNA. Transfer ribonucleic acidt can transport amino acid and recognize
multiple codons in the process of protein synthesis. Every kind of amino acid has one
or two types of corresponding tRNA, so tRNA includes a wide range of items.
mRNA

Genetic information is perfectly transcribed by mRNA from DNA, then confirm the
amino acid sequence of proteins. Thats how it completes the process of passing
genetic information.
rRNA
If the mRNA is responsible for the planing, the rRNA is the one to put this plan into
effect. rRNA is the main part of ribosome, and ribosome is the place to do protein
synthesis. Although we have not found what kind of role rRNA plays in this process,
we can not deny the importance of rRNA.
Small RNA
Small RNA is generally made by two parts: small nuclear RNA(snRNA), which exists
in nucleus; small cytoplasmic RNA(scRNA), which exists in cytoplasm. Small
nuclear RNA is the main component of RNA spilceosome in the post-transcriptional
processing of eucaryon. However, the scRNA participates in the synthesis and
transportation of protein.
antisenseRNA
RNA interference is a phenomenon that degradation of mRNA led by double-st
randed RNA mediation, which will suppress the relevant gene expression. The
regulation of RNA for gene expression can be widely used in many fields. Sci
entists tried to introduce the antisenseRNA into corps and livestock to bring up
a new variety which is virus-safe, or suppress the gene expression like cance
r.
Long non coding RNA
The revolution of sequencers changed the world of lncRNA. More and more evidence
shows that the dysfunction long non-coding RNA is related to many diseases such as
HD, liver cancer and so on. You can know more in my last post.
Thats todays class about RNA. In fact, the RNA family is big and complicated. Its
not easy to know all about them in one or two days. But we have the time to get close
to it and find the secrets of it. Follow us to know more about RNA and RNA related
research at the first time!
Source:
http://www.cd-genomics.com/blog/index.php/rna-classthe-classification-of-rna/