Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
________________
An Investigatory Project
Presented to
Nanuri International School
Taguanao, Indahag, Cagayan de Oro
________________
In Partial Fulfillment of
The Requirements of Grade 10 Science
____________
ROHAYMA P. PANGANDAMAN
September 2015
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
. Page
1-2
CHAPTER VI BIBLIOGRAPHY
.... 14
iii
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
The very ink with which all history is written is merely fluid
prejudice
Ink is such a tiny word, three letters, but it has played such
a huge part on the stage of world history. The original use for ink
was to draw and paint on the walls of caves a lasting legacy of
prehistoric
man.
However,
its
greatest
impact
was
to
spread
drips, leaks, splodges, and spurts from the faulty ballpoint pen in
2
your pocket. Yet it has a direct impact on our everyday life, it is not
possible to function without touching ink at least a couple of
hundred times a day.
Fraudulent acts have been come to light because of ink
analysis. Ink is a medium that has changed history, written religious
tracts that have lasted for centuries, it has revolutionized our lives.
It has recorded lives, sometimes accurately, sometimes fraudulently,
Konrad Kujau, master forger, nearly pulled off one of the greatest
frauds of the twentieth Century with his forged Hitler diaries in the
1980s. Not many people even know the composition of ink, it must
be one of the most taken for granted substances, despite its daily
effect on our lives. How would be know which brand of cereal we
were starting the day with, without ink being used to print the
label?
the
various
types
and
textures
of
ink,
they
are
all
3
1. Can vinegar
strengthen
the
color
of
the
product, ink?
alternative
for
other
inks.
These
other
manufactured
inks
set-ups:
an
ink
without
will help make a substitute for pens and other writing materials. The
procedure itself is also very basic and is moderately easy to make
as
long
as
the
guidelines
is
followed
correctly
to
provide
have
making
because
burns
and
cleanly
using charcoal
since
and efficiently.
about 3,500 BC
Charcoal
has many
been
it
uses, from
smelting copper to making ink. (Dulfo, Ortega and Gaspacho et. al,
2008)
6
Alugbati Seeds Juice as Marker Ink
The main objective of the researcher is to make a unique and
extraordinary experiment that will discover new knowledge about the
uses of different substance which has not been known useful. In
making
this
one-of-a-kind
experiment,
different
minds,
skills,
is safer for the substance used in making the ink is not chemical
unlike those in markets with chemicals on it. The researcher come
up with a plan of making Alugbati ink as a substitute for the
scarcity of supply on ink in todays society. (Almonte, P. Atienza and
Miranda et. al, 2008)
7
India Ink
India ink (or Indian ink in British English) is a simple black ink
once widely used for writing and printing and now more commonly
used for drawing, especially when inking comic books and comic
strips. India ink is also used in medical applications. (Wikipedia).
India ink has been in use in India since at least the 4 th century
BC, where it was called masi, an admixture of several substances.
Indian documents written in Kharoshi with this ink have been
unearthed in as far as Xinjiang, China. The practice of writing with
ink and
and
other Dravidian
in ink. In India, the carbon black from which India ink is formulated
was obtained indigenously by burning bones, tar, pitch and other
substances. (Dr. Bombay P. et. al ,2007)
The Potential of Banana Sap Dye
A study was carried out to explore the potential of banana sap
as a dye for the Adinkra industy in Ghana. Pseudostem extract of
banana and stem bark extract of Brideliamicratha were compared as
dyeing stuff. A consumer preference study was also conducted to
assess the acceptability of the products developed. The results
revealed that a combination of banana sap and B. micratha dye
ensures a high levelness on fabrics. It also
micratha
recorded a good
acceptance by
cultivars
or
redox
reduction,
some
arylamine
compounds,
Procedure:
Remove the teabags from the boiling water. Use a strainer and a
10
Figure 1
Set-Up B
Controlled Set-up
Materials:
7 teabags
1 cups of water
1 tablespoon of vinegar
cup cornstarch
Result of Set-up B
Figure 2
is
an
effective
process
of
extraction.
Right
after
the
researcher has placed the teabags in the boiling water, the change
of color is very noticeable. During this step the mixture had a very
strong smell form the tea. While following the procedures for the
set-up A which included the placing of vinegar, there was no
immediate change in color as expected. Instead, the vinegars effect
12
was seen when the researcher tried to paint the two Inks on paper.
While applying the ink on paper, it was harder to use Ink B
because its consistency was very watery. Thus it became runny
and scattered unlike ink A.
After letting them dry, it was seen that ink A had darker color
while ink Bs writings faded. The addition of vinegar and cornstarch
in making an ink can result to a thicker consistency and consistent
color which is better for the usage of the ink. The observation prove
that adding vinegar to the mixture can be made into an ink because
without the vinegar there would be no consistency on the mixture
and it will be less seen.
Results
Figure 3
13
CHAPTER V: SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
There are many different kinds of ink. In our experiments we
will use tea bags as the main component of ink. Having two
different set-ups will provide the chance to compare the colors and
consistencies. Cornstarch is an efficient additive to have the right
consistency of the product. Vinegar is also efficient, though there is
no obvious change in color, it was seen that it gave the ink a
consistent color whether were dry.
It is therefore concluded the one can create an improvised ink
using the extract from tea bags. This will be very convenient and
cheap because the ingredients to be used are commonly found
around the house. Also, the said processes, boiling and straining,
are can be easily done.
14
CHAPTER VI: BIBLIOGRAPHY
Almonte, P. Atienza and Miranda et. al, 2008 Alugbati ink as substitute
for the scarcity supply on ink in todays society
Bhattacharya, et al 1992- The use of synthetic dyes, during hydrolysis
Dr. Bombay P. et. al ,2007- India ink has been in use in India since at
least the 4th centur BC
Dulfo, Ortega and Gaspacho et. al, 2008- Charcoal
has many
uses,