Scrying (also called seeing or peeping) is the practice of looking into a translucent ball or

other material with the belief that things can be seen, such as spiritual visions, and less
often for purposes of divination or fortune-telling. The most common media used are
reflective, translucent, or luminescent substances such as crystals, stones, glass, mirrors,
water, fire, or smoke. Scrying has been used in many cultures in the belief that it can divine
the past, present, or future. The visions that come when one stares into the media are
thought to come from one's subconscious and imagination,[1] though in the past they were
thought to come from gods, spirits, devils, the psychic mind, depending on the culture and
practice.
Although scrying is most commonly done with a crystal ball, it may also be performed using
any smooth surface, such as a bowl of liquid, a pond, or a crystal.
Like other aspects of divination and parapsychology, scrying is not supported by science as
a method of predicting the future. However, a 2010 paper in the
journal Perception[2] identified one specific method of reliably reproducing a scrying illusion
in a mirror and hypothesized that it "might be caused by low level fluctuations in the stability
of edges, shading and outlines affecting the perceived definition of the face, which gets
over-interpreted as someone else by the face recognition system."[3] The Ganzfeld
experiment involves sensory deprivationwhich might also be seen as comparable with
scrying.
Contents
[hide]

1 Method

2 Religion and mythology

o

2.1 Ancient Persia

2.2 Latter Day Saint movement

3 In folklore

4 Modern day

5 See also

6 Notes

7 References and further reading

Method[edit]
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The visions that scryers say they see may come from variations in the medium. If the
medium is water (hydromancy), then the visions may come from the color, ebb and flow, or
ripples produced by pebbles dropped in a pool. If the medium is a crystal ball, the visions
may come from the tiny inclusions, web-like faults, or the cloudy glow within the ball under
low light (e.g. candlelight).
One method of scrying using a crystal ball involves a self-induced trance. Initially, the
medium serves as a focus for the attention, removing unwanted thoughts from the mind in
the same way as a mantra. Once this stage is achieved, the scryer begins a free
association with the perceived images suggested. The technique of deliberately looking for
and declaring these initial images aloud, however trivial or irrelevant they may seem to the
conscious mind, is done with the intent of deepening the trance state, in this trance the
scryer hears his own disassociated voice affirming what is seen within the concentrated
state in a kind of feedback loop. This process culminates in the achievement of a final and
desired end stage in which rich visual images and dramatic stories seem to be projected
within the medium itself, or directly within the mind's eye of the scryer, something like an
inner movie. This process reputedly allows the scryer to "see" relevant events or images
within the chosen medium.
One of the most famous scryers in history lived in the 16th century and was known
as Nostradamus. He used a bowl of water or a "magic mirror" to "see" the future in it, while
he was in trance.

Religion and mythology[edit]

See also: Mirrors in Mesoamerican culture

Ancient Persia[edit]
Main article: Cup of Jamshid
The Shahnameh, a historical epic work written in the late 10th century, gives a description
of what was called the Cup of Jamshid or Jaam-e Jam, used in pre-Islamic Persia, which
was used by wizards and practitioners of the esoteric sciences for observing all of the
seven layers of the universe. The cup contained an elixir of immortality.

Latter Day Saint movement[edit]

Main articles: Seer stone (Latter Day Saints) and Urim and Thummim (Latter Day Saints)
In the late 1820s, Joseph Smith founded the Latter Day Saint movement based in part on
what was said to be the miraculous information obtained from the reflections of seer
stones. Smith had at least three separate stones, including his favorite, a brown stone he
found during excavation of a neighbor's well. He initially used these stones in various
treasure-digging quests in the early 1820s, placing the stone in the bottom of his hat and
putting his face in the hat to read what he believed were the miraculous reflections from the

stone.[4] Smith also said that he had access to a separate set of spectacles composed of
seer stones, which he called the Urim and Thummim. He said that, through these stones,
he could translate the plates that are the stated source of the Book of Mormon.[5]

In folklore[edit]

Divination rituals such as the one depicted on this early 20th-centuryHalloween greeting card, where
a woman stares into a mirror in a darkened room to catch a glimpse of the face of her future husband
while a witch lurks in the shadows, may be one origin of the Bloody Mary legend.

This Halloween greeting card from 1904 satirizes divination: the young woman hoping to see her
future husband sees the reflection of a nearby portrait instead.

Rituals that involve many of the same acts as scrying in ceremonial magic are also
preserved in folklore form. A formerly widespread tradition held that young women gazing
into a mirror in a darkened room (often on Halloween) could catch a glimpse of their future
husband's face in the mirroror a skull personifying Death if their fate was to die before
they married.
Another form of the tale, involving the same actions of gazing into a mirror in a darkened
room, is used as a supernatural dare in the tale of "Bloody Mary". Here, the motive is
usually to test the adolescent gazers' mettle against a malevolent witch or ghost, in a ritual
designed to allow the scryers' easy escape if the visions summoned prove too frightening. [6]
While, as with any sort of folklore, the details may vary, this particular tale (Bloody Mary)
encouraged young women to walk up a flight of stairs backwards, holding a candle and a
hand mirror, in a darkened house. As they gazed into the mirror, they were supposed to be
able to catch a view of their future husband's face. There was, however, a chance that they
would see the skull-face of the Grim Reaperinstead; this meant that they were destined to
die before they married.
In the fairytale of Snow White, the jealous queen consults a magic mirror, which she asks
"Magic mirror on the wall / Who is the fairest of them all?", to which the mirror always
replies "You, my queen, are fairest of all." But when Snow White reaches the age of seven,
she becomes as beautiful as the day, and when the queen asks her mirror, it responds:
"Queen, you are full fair, 'tis true, but Snow White is fairer than you."[7]

Modern day[edit]

The Ganzfeld experiment involves sensory deprivation which might be seen as

comparable with scrying. According to the small community of parapsychologists, it
provides the best known evidence for psi abilities in the laboratory.[8]

The Dr. John Dee of the Mind research institute, founded by the
parapsychologist Raymond Moody, utilizes crystallomancy to allow people to
experience an altered state of consciousness with the intention of invoking apparitions
of the dead.

Contemporary mass media, such as films, often depict scrying using a crystal ball,
stereotypically used by an old gypsy woman.

In J. R. R. Tolkien's fictional universe of Middle-earth (especially in The Lord of the

Rings), the Palantr is a stone that allows a viewer to see what any other Palantr sees,

and the Mirror of Galadriel is used as a scrying device to see visions of the past,
present, or future.

The British astrologer and psychic known as Mystic Meg, who came to national
attention as part of the UK's National Lottery draw in 1994, was often portrayed with a
crystal ball.

In the videogame Clive Barker's Undying, Patrick Galloway (the player) is shown in
possession of a green crystal, The Gel'ziabar Stone, which allows him to scrye visions
and sounds from the past, that are vital to the various missions.[citation needed]

In Christopher Paolini's Inheritance Cycle the use of a mirror to view people and
places the viewer knew in the present was possible with the drawback of not being able
to see anything to which they had no knowledge. The attempt to scry the future would
cost the user their life.

In the US television series Charmed, the sisters scry with a crystal and a map to
locate people.[citation needed]

Traditional healers from the Yucatn Peninsula and Guatemala use stone crystal
balls for scrying. These are known as sastun or zaztun. Originally, they were Mayan
antiquities that they used to collect in archaeological ruins.[9] Nowadays they are mostly
modern objects. It is unknown what was the original use of the jade balls found in
ancient Mayan burials.

See also[edit]

Catoptromancy

Crystal gazing

Ganzfeld experiment

Hydromancy

Kozyrev mirror

Lecanomancy

Macharomancy

Magic (paranormal)

Psychomanteum

Scyphomancy

List of topics characterized as pseudoscience

Notes[edit]
1.

Jump up^ Psychoanalysis, Culture and Society: A postgraduate conference

2.

Jump up^ Caputo, G B (2010). "Strange-face-in-the-mirror

illusion". Perception 39 (7): 10071008. doi:10.1068/p6466. PMID 20842976. Retrieved 13
December 2014.

3.

Jump up^ Bell, Vaughan. "The strange-face-in-the-mirror illusion". Mind Hacks.

Retrieved13 December 2014.

4.

Jump up^ Richard Bushman Joseph Smith: Rough Stone Rolling

5.

Jump up^ Smith, Lucy Mack (1853). The History of Joseph Smith by His Mother.
p. 101.

6.

Jump up^ Bill Ellis, Lucifer Ascending: The Occult in Folklore and Popular
Culture (University of Kentucky, 2004). ISBN 0-8131-2289-9

7.

Jump up^ Besterman, Theodore. Crystal Gazing: A Study in the History,

Distribution, Theory and Practice of Scrying.

8.

Jump up^ Modern Ganzfeld Uses. "Scrying Without Crying". PaganPath.com.

Retrieved19 February 2014.

9.

Jump up^ Brown L. A. (2000)From discard to divination: Demarcating the sacred

through the collection and curation of discarded objects. Latin American Antiquity 11: 319333http://www.academia.edu/216688/From_Discard_to_Divination_Demarcating_the_Sacre
d_Through_the_Collection_and_Curation_of_Discarded_Objects%7C

References and further reading[edit]

A Symbolic Representation of the Universe: Derived by Doctor John Dee Through

the Scrying of Sir Edward Kelly ~Aleister Crowley, Adrian Axwirthy

Crystal Gazing: Study in the History, Distribution, Theory and Practice of

Scrying ~Theodore Besterman

Scrying for Beginners: Tapping into the Supersensory Powers of Your

Subconscious ~Donald Tyson

Crystal Gazing: Its History and Practice with a Discussion on the Evidence for
Telepathic Scryi