Determination of Thesis Preceptor and Examiner

Based on Specification of Teaching

Using Fuzzy Logic
Andysah Putera Utama Siahaan
Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi
Jl. Dr. Mansur No. 9, Medan, Sumatra Utara, Indonesia
andiesiahaan@gmail.com

Abstract Determinati on of the preceptor is one of

academic obligati ons. Undesirable things al ways happen in
getting opti mal decisions in which facul ty are assigned not
the most appropri ate to the topic of thesis. This matter can
affect the result and the quality of the thesis. The research
process uses the input variable of lecturers criteria. The
data will be processed by using the method of fuzzy l ogic
to obtai n the output consists of preceptors and exami ners.
In this case, the students do not have to worry about the
competence of the lectures since the lecturers who have
been given to them are fully filtered.
Keywords Fuzzy, Teaching, Logic, Skill, Preceptor.
I.

INT RODUCT ION

Hearing preceptor in determining the development

application of thesis, fuzzy logic takes apart to determine and
prepare lecturers who are assigned to test the preceptor of
thesis. Preparat ion is carried out in the hope that the thesis
tested by lecturers who have expert ise in accordance with the
theme of those tested. Imp lementation of fuzzy logic here is
the calculation of the relationship between the lecturers skill.
We know that one lecturer can cover many subjects, but the
weight of all subjects are not similar. The weight of each
subject must be supported to calculate the result of the final
test. The lecturer who obtains the highest score will be the
preceptor of thesis.
II. THEORIES
Fuzzy logic is an approach to computing based on "degrees
of truth" rather than the usual "true or false" (1 or 0) Boo lean
logic on wh ich the modern co mputer is based. The idea of
fuzzy logic was first advanced by Dr. Lotfi Zadeh of the
University of California at Berkeley in the 1960s. Dr. Zadeh
was working on the problem of co mputer understanding of
natural language. Natural language (like most other activ ities
in life and indeed the universe) is not easily translated into the
absolute terms of 0 and 1. (Whether everything is ult imately
describable in b inary terms is a philosophical question worth
pursuing, but in practice much data we might want to feed a
computer is in some state in between and so, frequently, are
the results of computing.)

Classical logic only permits propositions having a value of

truth or falsity. The notion of whether 1+1=2 is an absolute,
immutable, mathematical truth. However, there exist certain
propositions with variable answers, such as asking various
people to identify a co lor. The notion of truth doesn't fall by
the wayside, but rather a means of representing and reasoning
over partial knowledge is afforded, by aggregating all possible
outcomes into a dimensional spectrum.
Both degrees of truth and probabilities range between 0 and
1 and hence may seem similar at first. For examp le, let a 100
ml glass contain 30 ml of water. Then we may consider two
concepts: empty and full. The meaning of each o f them can be
represented by a certain fuzzy set. Then one might define the
glass as being 0.7 empty and 0.3 full. Note that the concept of
emptiness would be subjective and thus would depend on the
observer or designer. Another designer might, equally well,
design a set membership function where the glass would be
considered full for all values down to 50 ml. It is essential to
realize that fuzzy logic uses truth degrees as a mathematical
model of the vagueness phenomenon while probability is a
mathematical model of ignorance.
A. Applying Truth Values.
A basic application might characterize sub-ranges of a
continuous variable. For instance, a temperature measurement
for anti-lock brakes might have several separate membership
functions defining particular temperature ranges needed to
control the brakes properly. Each function maps the same
temperature value to a truth value in the 0 to 1 range. These
truth values can then be used to determine how the brakes
should be controlled.

Fig. 1 - Fuzzy Logic Example

In this image, the meanings of the expressions cold, warm,

and hot are represented by functions mapping a temperature
scale. A point on that scale has three "truth values" one for
each of the three functions. The vertical line in the image
represents a particular temperature that the three arrows (truth
values) gauge. Since the red arro w points to zero, this
temperature may be interpreted as "not hot". The orange arrow
(pointing at 0.2) may describe it as "slightly warm" and the
blue arrow (pointing at 0.8) "fairly cold".

NOT x = (1 - truth(x))
x AND y = minimum(truth(x), truth(y))
x OR y = maximum(truth(x), truth(y))

III. DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTAT ION

In this section we discuss about the design of variables,
fuzzy set and membership function.
A. Input.

B. Linguistic Variables.
While variab les in mathematics usually take numerical
values, in fu zzy logic applicat ions, the non-numeric are often
used to facilitate the e xpression of ru les and facts. A linguistic
variable such as age may have a value such as young or its
antonym old. However, the great utility of linguistic variables
is that they can be modified via linguistic hedges applied to
primary terms. These linguistic hedges can be associated with
certain functions..

To make the calcu lation of fuzzy we need variables which

are divided into five specifications. They are:
Algorithm & Programming (AP)
Computer Network (CN)
Mobile Programming (MP)
Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Soft Computing (SC)
Every lecturer will be given the weight fro m 0 to 100, where 0
is the lowest value and 100 is the highest one.

C. Early Applications.
The Japanese were the first to utilize fu zzy logic for
practical applicat ions. The first notable application was on the
high-speed train in Sendai, in which fu zzy logic was able to
improve the economy, co mfort, and precision of the ride. It
has also been used in recognition of hand written symbols in
Sony pocket computers; flight aid for helicopters; controlling
of subway systems in order to improve driving comfort,
precision of halting, and power economy; improved fuel
consumption for automobiles; single-button control for
washing mach ines, automatic motor control for vacuum
cleaners with recognition of surface condition and degree of
soiling; and prediction systems for early recognition of
earthquakes through the Institute of Seis mology Bureau of
Metrology, Japan.
D. If-Then Rules.
Fuzzy set theory defines fuzzy operators on fuzzy sets. The
problem in apply ing this is that the appropriate fuzzy operator
may not be known. For examp le, a simp le temperature
regulator that uses a fan might look like this:
IF
IF
IF
IF

temperature
temperature
temperature
temperature

IS
IS
IS
IS

very cold THEN stop fan

cold THEN turn down fan
normal THEN maintain level
hot THEN speed up fan

There is no "ELSE" all of the rules are evalu ated, because the
temperature might be "cold" and "normal" at the same time to
different degrees.
The AND, OR, and NOT operators of boolean logic exist in fuzzy
logic, usually defined as the minimum, maximum, and complement;
when they are defined this way, they are called the Zadeh operators.
So for the fuzzy variables x and y:

Tab. 2 - T he Lecturers Skill

No.

Name

AP

CN

MP

AI

SC

Andie Siahaan

90

90

90

90

90

Michael Bolton

90

80

80

70

70

Van Damme

80

90

70

60

50

Tom Cruise

90

60

70

80

70

Chun Li

60

60

60

50

40

B. Output.
Output takes the form of a list of preceptors and examiners
thesis are ready to assist students in co mpleting their scientific
works. There are 4 lecturers with the highest weight in
accordance with the specification requirements designated
thesis. Below is the list of specific skill:
Grade 1 : Preceptor 1
Grade 2 : Preceptor 2
Grade 3 : Examiner 1
Grade 4 : Examiner 2
C. Fuzzy Process.
The data those have been entered will be processed to
produce the optimal output. At this stage, each weight
specification will be matched with the needs of the material in
accordance with the specifications of each thesis .
The weight of lecturer will be div ided into three fu zzy sets.
There are LOW, MID and HIGH. If the result is in HIGH
section, this is the high priority to the lecturer who can assist
the student to complete the thesis. Below the membership
function of lecturer weight.

Tab. 6 - T he Weight of Soft Computing

No.

Fig. 2 - Lecture Membership Function

After making the membership function, we have to

calculate the weight of each skill. No w we can co mpare what
we have done after calculating all weight.
Tab. 2 - T he Weight of Algorithm & Programming

No.

Name

AP

LOW

MID

HIGH

Andie Siahaan

90

Michael Bolton

90

Van Damme

80

Tom Cruise

90

Chun Li

60

0,667

Tab. 3 - T he Weight of Computer Network

No.

Name

CN

LOW

MID

HIGH

Andie Siahaan

90

Michael Bolton

80

Van Damme

90

Tom Cruise

60

0,667

Chun Li

60

0,667

Tab.4 - T he Weight of Mobile Programming

No.

Name

MP

LOW

MID

HIGH

Andie Siahaan

90

Michael Bolton

80

Van Damme

70

0,333

0,5

Tom Cruise

70

0,333

0,5

Chun Li

60

0,667

Tab.5 - T he Weight of Artificial Intelligence

No.

LOW

MID

HIGH

Andie Siahaan

Name

AI
90

Michael Bolton

70

0,333

0,5

Van Damme

60

0,667

Tom Cruise

80

Chun Li

50

Name

SC

LOW

MID

HIGH

Andie Siahaan

90

Michael Bolton

70

0,333

0,5

Van Damme

50

Tom Cruise

70

0,333

0,5

Chun Li

40

0,667

The skills required will be calcu lated, then the weight is

mapped in the form of classification, so that lecturers who
deserve to be thesis preceptor and examiner is found. The next
stage, each lecturer will be sorted in descending order by
weight wh ich has been obtained, in which the lecturer who
has the highest weight is at the top of the list and vice versa.
After getting the thesis preceptor and examiner, each lecturer
who has been appointed will be marked and given a counter
that stores the total number of students who have mentored or
tested. On the terms that have been determined, that every
lecturer can only lead or test 6 students each semester, so that
if the number of counters lecturer has reached 6, the lecturer
can no longer be selected in the system, or in other words they
are at the lowest level of the list of lecturers. To do so, the
weight is filled with 0 so that when the sorting process, the
lecturer is located at the bottom of the list.
V. CONCLUSION
Applications built using the concept of fuzzy logic can
easily determine the competence of a lecturer. So the research
that is built will be perfect. The process of determining the
thesis preceptor and examiner in this application is similar to
the conventional process that occurs because the algorithm
used is derived from the idea that the natural human way of
thinking, but by using this application, the academic
authorities will get more consistent results and optimal
without having the burden of to analyze each of the weight
specifications.
.
REFERENCES
Arabacioglu, B. C. (2010). "Using fuzzy inference system for
architectural space analysis". Applied Soft Computing 10 (3): 926937.
doi:10.1016/j.asoc.2009.10.011.
Biacino, L.; Gerla, G. (2002). "Fuzzy logic, continuity and effectiveness".
Archive
for
Mathematical
Logic
41
(7):
643667.
doi:10.1007/s001530100128. ISSN 0933-5846.
Cox, Earl (1994). The fuzzy systems handbook: a practitioner's guide to
building, using, maintaining fuzzy systems. Boston: AP Professional.
ISBN 0-12-194270-8.
Gerla, Giangiacomo (2006). "Effectiveness and Multivalued Logics".
Journal of Symbolic Logic 71 (1): 137162. doi:10.2178/jsl/1140641166.
ISSN 0022-4812.
Hjek, Petr (1998). Metamathematics of fuzzy logic. Dordrecht: Kluwer.
ISBN 0-7923-5238-6.
Hjek, Petr (1995). "Fuzzy logic and arithmetical hierarchy". Fuzzy Sets
and Systems 3 (8): 359363. doi:10.1016/0165-0114(94)00299-M.
ISSN 0165-0114.