INTRODUCTION TO SIMPLE

STRESSES
(Lecture 1)
Mechanics of Deformable Bodies (MEC32)
Engr. Derwin Daniel C. Bautista
Instructor, School of CEGE
Mapua Institute of Technology

MECHANICS OF MATERIALS
Also known as "Mechanics of Deformable Bodies."
Deals with the internal effects and deformations that are

caused by the applied loads.

Its main objective is to provide the future engineer with
the means of analyzing and designing various machines
and load bearing structures.

MECHANICS OF MATERIALS
A safe and successful design must address the following

three mechanical concerns:

Strength: Is the object strong enough to withstand the loads that

will be applied to it? Will it break or fracture? Will it continue to

perform properly under repeated loadings?
Stiffness: Will the object deflect or deform so much that it cannot

perform its intended function?

Stability: Will the object suddenly bend or buckle out of shape at

some elevated load so that it can no longer continue to perform its

function?

STRESS
Refers to the "unit strength" of a

body.
Intensity of the internal force
Basically the force per unit area.
Stress

R
A

Separated into two main types: (1)

due to the Resultant Force and (2)

due to the Resultant Couple.

Stress

R
A

STRESS
Stresses due to the resultant force:
Normal (Axial Stress)
Force is perpendicular to the cross-

sectional area.
Either tensile or compressive.
Shearing Stress
Force is parallel to the cross-sectional

area.
Stress that causes sliding on the object.

INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL FORCES

(a)

(b)

(c)

Review of Engineering Mechanics to solve internal

forces:
Fx 0

F 0
M 0
y

(d)

EFFECTS OF INTERNAL FORCES

PROBLEMS
PROBLEM 1

Two solid cylindrical rods (1) and (2) are joined together

at flange B and loaded, as shown in the figure. The

diameter of rod (1) is d1 = 24 mm and the diameter of rod
(2) is d2 = 42 mm. Determine the normal stresses in rods
(1) and (2).

PROBLEMS
PROBLEM 2

simple pin-connected
truss is loaded
and
supported as shown in the
figure. All members of the
truss are aluminum pipes
that have an outside
diameter of 42 mm and a
wall thickness of 3.5 mm.
Determine the normal
stress in each truss
member.

PROBLEMS
PROBLEM 3

Bar (1) in the figure has a cross-sectional area of 0.75 in2.

If the stress in bar (1) must be limited to 30 ksi, determine

the maximum load P that may be supported by the
structure.

PROBLEMS
PROBLEM 4

An axial load P is applied to the rectangular bar shown in

the figure. The cross-sectional area of the bar is 400 mm2.

Determine the normal stress perpendicular to plane AB
and the shear stress parallel to plane AB if the bar is
subjected to an axial load of P = 70 kN.

PROBLEMS
PROBLEM 5
In the figure shown, member (1) is

a steel bar with a cross-sectional

area of 1.35 in2 and a yield
strength of 50 ksi. Member (2) is a
pair of 6061-T6 aluminum bars
having a combined cross-sectional
area of 3.50 in2 and a yield
strength of 40 ksi. A factor of
safety of 1.6 with respect to yield is
required for both members.
Determine the maximum allowable
load P that may be applied to the
structure. Report the factors of
safety for both members at the
allowable load.

REFERENCES
Pytel, A., & Kiusalaas, J. (2012). Mechanics of Materials

(2nd ed.). Cengage Learning.

Hibbeler, R. (2011). Mechanics of Materials (8th ed.).
Prentice Hall.
Pytel, A., & Singer, F. (1987). Strength of Materials (4th
ed.). Harper and Row.