DE LA SALLE UNIVERSITY DASMARINAS

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, ARCHITECTURE AND TECHNOLOGY

EXPERIMENT NO. 7
POWER FACTOR CORRECTION

SCORE:

CANIEDO, JOHN CARLO T.

SUBMITTED TO:

DATE PERFORMED:

FEBRUARY 3, 2015

ENGR. JUANCHO O.
NATIVIDAD

DATE SUBMITTED:

FEBRUARY 10, 2015

I.

DISCUSSIONS AND ANALYSIS OF RESULTS

In this experiment, we are about to determine the importance power

factor correction in the circuit. In ac circuits, power factor (pf) affects the price at
which the power company can deliver power to your house (or factory or farm). Large
industrial loads or plants (usually large motors) cause the pf to be lower than the
ideal value of 1. If the load has a low pf, lines running to the plant will be forced to
carry a higher current Irms. Since line losses are proportional to (Irms)2 , the power
company will be forced to generate more total power to furnish the same power to the
plant. Rms voltages and currents are used when discussing ac power so that the
effectiveness of each source in delivering power to a resistive load can be compared.
The effective value of dc is the dc value. Sinusoidal voltages/currents are converted
to rms by dividing by 2. While sinusoidal waveforms are the most common type of
ac (all house wiring), other ac waveforms are also used, such as half or full-wave
rectified sinusoidal, square wave, triangular, or ramp. Each can be converted to rms
by multiplying by a (different) constant. At this time, you should refresh your memory
on the concepts of complex power and power factor correction.
In our experiment we have proven the relationship of power factor in terms of
true power and apparent power, we can get the power factor of a circuit by getting the
ratio of true power to the apparent power. The power factor has 4 types these are
unity power factor, leading power factor, lagging powerfactor and zero powerfactor.

Reference:

1001 Solved Problems in Electrical Engineering by Romeo A. Rojas

Self-Sufficient Guide to ECE Electronics Engineering by Jason M. Ampoloquio,
PECE

II.

CONCLUSION

After the experiment, As a conclusion, we can say that the correction of the
power factor have a big role in the industry wherein it controls how effectively the
electricity we are using in the load, specially with the resistive load.
Improving the PF can maximize current-carrying capacity, improve voltage to
equipment, reduce power losses, and lower electric bills. The simplest way to
improve power factor is to add PF correction capacitors to the electrical system. PF
correction capacitors act as reactive current generators. They help offset the nonworking power used by inductive loads, thereby improving the power factor. The
interaction between PF capacitors and specialized equipment, such as variable
speed drives, requires a well designed system.
The most practical and economical power factor correction device is the
capacitor. It improves the power factor because the effects of capacitance are exactly
opposite from those of inductance. I concluded that The var of KVAR rating of a
capacitor shows how much reactive power the capacitor will supply. Since this kind of
reactive power cancels out the reactive power caused by inductance, each kilovar of
capacitance decreases the net reactive power demand by the same amount. A 15
KVAR capacitor, for example, will cancel out 15 KVA of inductive reactive power.
Basically, what happens is that the inductive components soak up some of the
"power" which comes down the supply line temporarily to create a magnetic field. As
this magnetic field collapses, they "push" the power back into the power grid. This
causes the current in the supply line to be out-of-phase with the voltage.

III. QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS