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(D.I.Y.Article)doityourselfHowTo
TheAustralianHouse"The15Kwhouse"SolarWindHybrid"powersystem"OFFGRID
note:"allDIY"Selfconstructedinstalled,SelfImportedandselfbrokeredkitspriceestimateincludesbatteriesandtariffandtransportandmuchoftheinstallmaterials
("examplepricesquotedbyasupplierareusuallyinUSDasanintermediarycurrency"andrequireconversiontoAUD)
Anyonelivingwithin20Kmofcoastline(and80metersawayfromanotherresidence)cansafelyuseawindsolarhybridofaslittleas8Kwratingtomimicgridsupplylevelpoweringbecauseofthelandsea
convectionwindreliability!

Youcanunderstanditmaybeeasierasahomebuyertoincorporatethepriceofanoffgridsystemstipulatedintoahomeloanandfindingablockatleast100meterslongtobuildwiththeturbineatleast80
metersfromotherresidencesandwithcouncilbuildingzoningallowanceofoffgridequipment!
WindGridTied(Domestic)DIY(exceptinverterwiring!!!)

CONTENTS
TheBasicEconomicsoftheDIYSystem
Introduction
AllAustralianhousesare15Kwpowersystemminimum
OffGridpracticallybycosteffective!(Batteriesarewhatmakesanoffgridsystem)
Howbatteriesoperate
Ensuringbatteryservicelife
(Ensuringbatteryservicelife)Settingthe"DumpLoad"onthechargecontrollerandBatteryLifeCycle
Theproblemwithoffgridpower
Anoteaboutinverters(balancingdutyload)
WhatdoesitrequiretooperateanAustralianhouse
ImportationdealsandHowtotalktothesupplier
Moneyandpayment"PersonalImport(CCIDnoABN)"
Installing
ChoosingaWindTurbine
WheretolocatetheWindTurbine
StepstoAcquiringaHybridpowersystem(andcustomsformsandinfoandcargosupport)
WindSolarHybridkitscanbegotas"CIF"toSydneyPort
DeepCycleBatteryBankSizeAHKwh(AmprerehourKilowatthours)Caculator
Whyswitchoffthefirstworld?becausethegridisalwaysthesamesizeandalikepetroloranythingelseitistruthfullygettingmoreexpensiveandasmuchpurelyunpredictableofcostinashortperiodoftime
againstwagesandinflation!
Anyonelivingwithin20Kmofcoastline(and80metersawayfromanotherresidence)cansafelyuseawindsolarhybridofaslittleas8Kwratingtomimicgridsupplylevelpoweringbecauseofthelandsea
convectionwindreliability!

What'sthepointofbeingPhilfromenergyaustraliatobethere(asisintheadvert)todoanairconinstallationwhenallsomeonecandotosavemoneyis"beadvisedtoswitchitoff"becauseitcoststoomuchtooperateso
cannotuseit,isessentiallyfossilfuelfedtoo!
Prenote:Itisobviouslypossibletocompletelypowerahouse"almostnormally"fromacombinationof5000w(washingmachinesmallmicrowavesmallpluggablehotwater)and2500w(lightssmallfansradio)puresinewave
inverters(DCstorageto240vAC)usingonly1.5Kwto2Kwsolarand3of400w600w12vACturbines(rectifiedbyacontrollertothebatterybankeach)bychanging(tosmallerequipmentandmorejobs)manyofthehouseholdjob
equipmentcapacitiesandmanagingheavyjobsatoptimumweathergenerationtimebutrequiresswitchingfromtwobanksof4x250ah(heavyampthroughputdeepcyclebydensitysizeelectrodes7080Kgeach)andforthe2500w
4x80ah.E.G.An"oilcolumnheaterforwinter"wouldrequire2x400w600w12vACturbines,and2x80ah(requires4x40ahtodropbatteryindividualoutputto250wattseachmax.)batteriesbutcanonlybeonat1000wheatingfor
1/2anhourwiththosebatteries.
Theonlywaytocontrolandresetthepointagainstfailablehumanmemoryisa"powerpointtimerswitch"betwixtinverter'napply'!
Inverselyfortwelvevoltsystem,1Kwofpanelsand2x400w600w12vACturbineswilloperateasmallevaporativeairconditioner(e.g.waterandice10Levaporativemayonlyneed1Kwsolar+aturbineoddlya"100Lbar
refrigerator"onlyrequires2x40ahbatteriesand"just/quite"a1000winverterandone400w600w12vACturbineand150wsolarsafely)constantlyduringdaylightandat1/3powerforanhourafterdarkon4x40ahbatteries.
However,suchindividualisedappliancepowersourcesupplyconstructioninthesetwoaretopendcustomisationforselfpurpose.
Buta"smallproperlypowerful"aliketothepreviousmentioned12vsystem,alessdifficultusersystemonlyrequiringoneheavyhouseholdjobafteranotherbyweathermanagementrequiresbelow(inarticle)ascalculatedbatterybank
systemiswitha5Kwwindhybrid(3Kwwind2KwSolarrated48vcharging)ona15metertowerwithtwo10Kwpuresineinverters.
However,thiscanalsobecalculatedtobealikebutnotassparseasthe12vsystemhouseholdequipmentsizesforasmallerbatterybanksystem.
Personally,iwouldbuytheextensioncords(5000w=22amps@240v)(2500w=10amps@240v)andhidethemwithsomeoverskirtingboardsfixturesandlocksforsafety,ratherthanrewirethehouseifitcametoitwithpriceand
domesticelectricalfittingworklaw.
Thefullsizesystemof10Kwhybridgenerationisamimicofhavinggridpowerconnection,andthe8Kwhybridgenerationisaneconomicalmimicofhavinggridpowerconnection!
Theanalogyhereinthisarticlefortheseoffgridpowersystemsizesissimilarmetaphoricallytothedifferencesbetweentravellinginavsixcylindermodernstationwagon(108Kw)1000Kmortravellingina
small4cylindersedan(56Kw),withthe12vsystem(23kw)calculatedaliketravelling1000kminahatchback.
Eitherwayyouseeit,itfinallygetsyouthere.

Remember!Thisiscomplexbyquantitytoknow,notactualimmensescience
(butahandlingofbasicdecimalplacemathsandfractionsisagoodpoint)
1.'Thoughtherearecommercialsitesthatdooffgridsystemsfordomestichouses,"UNLESStheircalculationforbatterybanksizeisdoneas25Kw/h30Kw/hperday(note:allelectricalenergyhouse)"youwillhavebeen
misinformedbythem!
WARNING!THISISMOSTOF(THEBASEOFSEALEDLEADACIDDEEPCYCLEDISCHARGESYSTEM)THEPRINCIPALOFUSINGOFFGRIDFOR1215YEARS,EVERYTHINGISBUILTAROUNDTHIS
LIFECYCLESPANANDQUANTITYOF"AH"CAPACITY
2.TheAHamperehours"total"required"forusage"fromthebatterybank,forthecalculationtotalis[15%ofthetotal=25Kw/hto30Kw/h]becausethebankmustlast10yearsormoreandhighqualitylong
floatlifeleadacidareminimumasalsoDoNotuseUPSbatteries,theymustbedeepcycle.(note:Whenyouunderstandwheredirectsupplycomesfrom,Actually,only2/3x(twothirdsofORascarefully
managedsystemhalfof...)25Kw/h30Kw/h=15%).
Withthisinformationyoushouldbeabletohave12yearsofelectricityusingaslittleasan8Kwhybridandhighqualityaccumulators(batteries)thatisnomorecostlythan10yearsworthofgridelectricity
***"basedoncurrent2014gridelectricityprice"!
Atthe8kwkitlevelitdoesrequireasmallquantityofheavyloadmanagementduringusagebutdoeseffectivelycontaintwicethequantityofworthof10yearsgridelectricityforthe12yearperiodof8Kwkit
usage(inan"allelectric"housecookingaircon.heatinghotwatersystem)!
Quote:Thisarticle:..."Whileitistruesolarpanelscontinuetooperatewhensunisbehindclouditisnowherenearasefficientandoftendropsto25%output(e.g.5Kwpanelsoutputs1.25Kw)particularlyoncloudy
daysandinwinter."...
Finally,withtheprenoteaboveinmindon12vsystemsbydownsizingappliancesizesandrunningjobsoneafteranothernevertogether,itispossibletodesignanallelectricalsmallhousewith"2volt"(not12)
deepcycle(e.g.eachasinglecellofa3000ah,around200Kg,withextraterminalsforgreatercurrentdrawandthroughputsoalineofsixis12vandcanoutput3Kwconstant)storagesystemstolast12
years(12visalsogoodfor"houseswith"gasheatingcookingandgashotwater)athalfthefinalcostsofan8Kwkit,butwouldbebetterdonetogetholdofa"48vdc5Kwwindsolarhybridkit(3Kwwind2Kw
solar)"with"two8Kwpuresineinverters"(preventstooheavywork)andchoose12vdeepcycleswith32xaccumulators(batteries)(suchasonly40ahlonglifespan)meaningithas8parallellinesof4xbatteries.
Because,thereservecapabilitiesofthesystemforlargerjobsinemergencyandreplacementabilitiesofextraordinarymishaponbatteriesifever,ismuchsaferandeasiertomanagethan2vsets.Asmallerad
hocsystemsuchaspersonalholidayhousesorextrahousesonruralpropertiesorcaravanssemipermanentdwellingsisamoreeffectiveapplicationof12vsystems,orsupplementalabilitiestotemporarily
supplyanapplianceaspowersourceduringayearlyperiodifrequired.

Youraverageelectricitybill
ElectricityBillthisquarter
Myelectricitybillis$1,360

***pendingexchangeratebeingAUDtoUSD94centsatleastand"rateduringsale"beingabove93centsUSDfor1AUD(note:actualexchangeisbetweenCNYandAUD,However,USDismostlyusedbythe
sellerstouniversallydescribeprice)
Australiahasbegunawindturbinesystemmanufacturethatcanbeappliedtodomesticpower,the"EcoWhisper325"5Kwwindturbine PICTURE(20Kw) EcoWhisperinformationPDF MainSiteEcoWhisper,However,itwill
possiblyneverbeacompetitoreconomically,only"aneconomicwhiteelephantasachoice"asalmosteverythingbuiltinAustraliaisgovernedbystandardsthatareworldclassnotmerelyitsprecisionconstructionrequirementsand
materialsandaccreditedlicensedhumanresources(thismeanswith4yearsTertiaryDeg.andafurther2yearsforPhD"aspadeismostcertainlyaspade...butisitblackorwhite???willweeverknow...").

Page 1 / 19

FordomesticusetheaverageAustralianwillneverbeseeingitasaneconomicallyviablechoicethatwouldcostonly10yearsworthofgridfor12yearsuseinacompletesystemwithtwicetheelectricity(20yearsgridusageworth).

Australiahasbegunawindturbinesystemmanufacturethatcanbeappliedtodomesticpower,the"EcoWhisper325"5Kwwindturbine PICTURE(20Kw) EcoWhisperinformationPDF MainSiteEcoWhisper,However,itwill

possiblyneverbeacompetitoreconomically,only"aneconomicwhiteelephantasachoice"asalmosteverythingbuiltinAustraliaisgovernedbystandardsthatareworldclassnotmerelyitsprecisionconstructionrequirementsand
materialsandaccreditedlicensedhumanresources(thismeanswith4yearsTertiaryDeg.andafurther2yearsforPhD"aspadeismostcertainlyaspade...butisitblackorwhite???willweeverknow...").
FordomesticusetheaverageAustralianwillneverbeseeingitasaneconomicallyviablechoicethatwouldcostonly10yearsworthofgridfor12yearsuseinacompletesystemwithtwicetheelectricity(20yearsgridusageworth).

SinceiamnottheEcoWhisperprojectauditororfinancieridonotprojectitcannotbecompetitivesomewhereinallbusinessconsiderationshoweverthebeforementionedpointsneedtobeconsidered.Certainlyitwillnotbe
economicallyapointforthenexthalfadecade.
Note:Thereshouldbeawebcounteratthebottomofthispage[Ifthepagedoesnot(loadproperly),thenpressF5keytoreloadpage]
Nothingcouldberuderthanbeing1KilometerfromanymainsnetworkgridoutletinAustraliaandquoted30K(thirtythousanddollars)costs
tosimplyputinthesupplytothepremiseswithoutconsuminganybefore30Kispaiddownto(10Kforshorterdistances).
SobelowinthisDIYandselfimportedestimationthathastakenoneandahalfyearsofresearchtoproduce,
whynotbuy1014yearsworthoftwicethequantityofelectricityforless!
At15Kdollarsconnectionchargeamildlyremotehouse(500metersaway),abankloanalikehousingloancanbeacompetitivestrategy
Anaveragemainsgridsuppliedhomewithmorethantwopersonswillcostapprox.20,000dollarsfortenyearselectricity
Thecarbontaxfrommainsgridelectricitytakesyourmoneyandyouconsumefossilfuel
Thewindsolarhybridactuallycommitsbeinggreenrenewablecleanenergyand
(onlyproblem)"requiredsizetoRELIABLYsupplygenerate(weathercostimplementation)"
givestwicetheusableelectricity(40,000AUDofelectricity,for26,000AUDimplementation)

Link:Whattheydidn'ttellyou!!!
Intermsofcostsloansandtaxation,itdoesnotappearanythingorgovernmenttakesanynoticeofthepriceoflivingasneitherdidthefrenchcolonialgovernmentofVietnamwhenittaxeditspeasantsforriceuntilitwasimpossibleto
haveenoughtoliveupon.OnepartialstoryoftheoriginoftheNorthVietnamuprisingwentthatbeforethe1950'suprisingthepeasantfarmerssoldtheirexcessrice(ricetoliveon)toexporterswhomwouldnotpayanythingmuchor
wouldthennotbuyanyifasmuchasameaslycostwereitsprice,thentheexcessricewouldnotbesoldandgorotten,inturnthefrenchcolonialgovernment(relyinginpartonitstaxsomewhereinthetradeline)thentaxedpeasants
usingriceandtherewasnothingoverforthelivingthusgivingHoChiMinandotherstheirpointasmanyofthemtorevoltandcommitrevolution.
ThesamementalitybytheAustraliangovernmentappearstobebeingcommittedfromanypartyinpowerintermsofrevenuecreation,thatbeingtaxationwithoutregardtoconsequenceontheideaofAustraliaasafirstworld
expensivecountry.Themoneymaybetherebutitspointmaynot.Forexamplearoundtenyearsbackiwentpastarealestatewindowoneeveningthathadasignwarningthenextdayallpropertysalesareonthenewsalestaxation
increasedrate."Overnight!!!"A315,000housethatnight,waswithastickeroverthepricethenextday,a420,000dollarhouse,430,000housethatnightwasthenextdaya550,000house,andanyofthemhadanewstickerover
theprice.Thatmeansatleastaverage"3yearsworthmoreannualwageearnerincomepaycompletelyandtotally"isaddedtothepricewhichisaroundsixtoeightmoreyearsloanrepaymenttime.Didanythingincreaseeveryones
wages50%???Ibetnot!

.Thesolarcreditsrebateschemeisalsoavailableforoffgrid,howevertherebatecalculationcanonlybemadebyalicensedinstaller.
However,nottoworry,anypriceyouareeverquotedinthiscountrybysupplyandinstallfor12yearsworthofoffgridisnotworththecostagainstgrid.
ANDonlyknowingthisDIYselfimportsystemcanmatchthegrid.
Whileitistruesolarpanelscontinuetooperatewhensunisbehindclouditisnowherenearasefficientandoftendropsto25%output(e.g.5Kwpanelsoutputs1.25Kw)particularlyoncloudydaysandinwinter.Australiangridtiedsolar
kitsatthepropersensiblesizeof5Kwarearound$6Kforthekitonly(iamawaresomecheaperspecialsdoexistandsomesubvertivecheaperspecials).Installationdrivesthesetoaround$10Kfinally.Inoriginofthegridtierebate
campaignuntilnow,gridtiedkitsbyAustraliansupplierswerearound15Kto25Kfullyinstalled.Themaincomplaintlaidinpricingbypowerproducersisthe"ongoinginfrastructure"requiredtoservicelongmileageofremotepower
linesbecauseitisnotanautomatedaction,itrequirespayinghumanswhomhavehighleveleducation.Italsoconcedesoutoftownnonsuburbanpowersupplyisaneconomicparasitebecausesuburbanintownsupplyonlyquite
makesanymoney,andthemoneyisactuallymadebysellingtofactoryindustrial.
Insummary,thisoffgridDIYsystem(whereenvironmentallyapplicabletoitsrules)willatleastover12yearsbeabletoregulateyourelectricitycost.
Queenslands'storyofpriceregulationand"payback"reliability

Simplewindsolarhybrid12vsystemexample

Somedocumentslinksinthisarticlerequire(PDF)AdobeAcrobatReaderdownloadtousethispage. .

TheBasicEconomicsoftheDIYSystem
ThisarticleisallDIY(DoItYourself),ifyouintendtouseatransportcompanyoranyextrapaidworkersthentheeconomicpointoftheDIYwillbelost(unlessyouareafarmerandhavehelperemployees).
Also,the"Installing"sectionsetssomeminimumsforbothskillsandmaterialswhichyoushouldhaveorbeabletoobtainataTAFEoradultlearningcenter.Alternativematerialstomildsteelmaybecheaperbutshouldbefoundona
costsupplybasis.
Page
Itisillegaltoworkon"gridwiredhousingandphysicallyadjoinedpremises",however,offgriddoesnotcarryanyrelevanceforwiringnonadjoinednongridpremises,*but,everythingphysical(mounts,frames,batteryhousing,inverter

2 / 19

ThisarticleisallDIY(DoItYourself),ifyouintendtouseatransportcompanyoranyextrapaidworkersthentheeconomicpointoftheDIYwillbelost(unlessyouareafarmerandhavehelperemployees).
Also,the"Installing"sectionsetssomeminimumsforbothskillsandmaterialswhichyoushouldhaveorbeabletoobtainataTAFEoradultlearningcenter.Alternativematerialstomildsteelmaybecheaperbutshouldbefoundona
costsupplybasis.
Itisillegaltoworkon"gridwiredhousingandphysicallyadjoinedpremises",however,offgriddoesnotcarryanyrelevanceforwiringnonadjoinednongridpremises,*but,everythingphysical(mounts,frames,batteryhousing,inverter
housing)canbeconstructedandputinplacereadytobewired(e.g.allthewaytothecableslayedoutandmountedoncarrypolestoo)andanelectriciancanthenbeusedtojointheinverteroutputtothepremisesfuseboxsystem(will
requiregettinganewfuseboxset)anda"kitsetpowersystem"withthispreviousactionwillallowfullinsuranceandoffgridrebateapplicable,bringingthe15Kwkitbacktoaround20.000AUD.Intermsofelectricaleducation,there
aremanyplacesonthenetsuchas"youtubevideos"thatcanhelpunderstandthistypeofsystem.Andasmuchforpurposeoflegalelectricalspecifications(notmuchrequired)thosetoocanbefoundontheinternet(alittlesimilarto
theUSAe.g.youcanburnyourselfdownifyouwantbutnotifitsstratatitle).
note:"allDIY"SelfImportedandselfbrokeredkitspriceestimateincludesbatteriesandtariffandtransportandmuchoftheinstallmaterials
(pricesquotedbyasupplierareusuallyinUSDasanintermediarycurrencyandrequireconversion)
OnlineCurrencyconverterxe.com
"BasicLoanRepayments"Calculatorforpeoplewhompossiblywouldusefinance(randomlytakenlinkfromasite)
Thiscostingestimateis"somethinglike"ONLY,itdependsthedealyoumakeregardlesstheexchangerate(principally)
Allapprox.50%S50%WHybrids:TOTALESTIMATEDDIYinstalled(implemented)"FINALCOSTS"(withGST+tariffand@XchangerateforKitand"highquality"sealedleadacidtypeaccumulators+DIY
hiretransportandDIYmountingmaterials)
Xchangerateaffected

10Kw

15Kw

20Kw

X@95centsAUDUSDtoCNY

22,500AUD

24,500AUD

27,500AUD

X@92centsAUDUSDtoCNY

24,500AUD

27,000AUD

30,500AUD

X@89centsAUDUSDtoCNY

26,500AUD

29,500AUD

33,500AUD

Kits+"extra10kwinverter"areupto11,500AUDUSDCNY,batteriesarebetween7,0008500AUDUSDCNY,makingGST+tariffapprox.3,000AUDatport
(yourbankchargesandrulesforT/Tiwouldn'tknow)
(note:"highquality"sealedleadacidaccumulatorsarethebestofleastcostlyseemorebelow)PricecanvarybyAUD1500byexchangerate(moneybuyingortransactionbaserate)andAustraliandollar
exchangeratevalue.
Inessence,thisarticleexplainsyourequire80x80ahdeepcycleaccumulatorsat120vDCchargingsystem,or100x65ahdeepcycleaccumulatorsat240vDCchargingsystem.Andafinalpoint,atleast120
140x65ahdeepcycleaccumulatorsat"20Kw"240vDCchargingsystem.
HOWEVER,itcanbesqueezedbetterandlessexpensivelongerlastingwithotherleadacidbatterychemistrytypesASSHOWNLATERandwithhelpfromsomecalculatorsinthisarticle!!!
TheHybridkitsuppliersoftendonotsupplythecorrectstandardandtypeofbatteryforthisusehereinthisarticleof12yearsbatterycyclelifeforgeneralhousesize(usually,notunlessyoupayenough),So
youmustbuytheaccumulatorselsewhereasatradedealnearMOQ.UsetheinformationheretounderstandtheminimumrequirementsforaneconomicDIYscheme.

(cheapercostsystem)Ifyoucanusetaskchorejobtimingmanagementinyourhome...
warning:6000ahtoanabsoluteminimum4000ahof12vofbatteriesisrequiredforaproper1decadeofusesystem:Thereforeinsuchadealkeepthe"batteryacquirementchoice"
separate(removednotrelated)fromthesystemequipmenttradedealanditscompany
Ifyouhavea2.5Kwhotwaterelementorsmaller,andcan"always"notusecookingequipmentforonehourafterusingalargequantityofhotwater(andissetasoffpeak)suchasshowerorbathorwashing
machine!Also,youmustonlyuse2saucepanhotplatesand1otherappliancee.g.anoven,oramicrowaveovenoranaccessorygrillwhencookingisdone(only3highcurrentdrawelementsplusbasichouse
lightingandTV(digital)orradioandairconditionermustbeonlowsettingandotherheavyjobsmustbedoneoneaftertheothernottogether(e.g.washingmachineorhotwaterreheate.t.c.))!
Youneedonly80xdeepcyclebatteriesof65ahsizefora120vsystem(!not80ah!)forthe10Kwor15Kwsystem.
Finally,ifyoureallywantacheapersystemallround,thisforbatteriesanda5Kwwindturbinewith3Kwofsolarandtwo10Kwinvertersmakesthebareminimumwithcriticalusagemanagement.
***Itisn'twhetheryoucontinuallyusemoreelectricitythanyouwouldusefromthegrid,itishowwellyoucangeneratedirectsupplytotheinverterandchargethebatteriesbutformostchargethebatteriesonan
extremelyovercastdayorregeneratechargeovernightfromheavyusageattheendoftheday!(Inessenceitcanbedonebyaslittleas3Kwwindturbineand3Kwsolarbutcontainstoomuchbatteryreliance
underheavycurrentusageatsessiontime)!(inshortyoucouldswitcheverythingoffandcookforasmuchas4to5hoursadaydrawingcurrentat5Kweverydaywhenitissunnyorwindy.Thisistheessenceof
thepoint)!
***10Kwkitgeneratorsystemisfornormalwindareas,and15Kwisforremotenonmountain,inlandlowwindareasorcriticalextremeremotelocations,NOTsimplytogetmoreorlessorforbatteries!(In
essenceitcanbedonebyaslittleas3Kwwindturbineand3Kwsolarbutcontainstoomuchbatteryrelianceunderheavyusagetime)!
***NEVERuseinvertersatmaximumcontinuouswattageoutputconstantlymorethananhouratasession.formostofeachdayitshouldbeoperatingatnomorethan50%ofitratedcontinuousoutput.Higher
levelswillburnitoutsoonerthisisthereasonforusingseparatecircuitsupplieswithtwoinvertersnotsimplyonefromthekit!
ThisLink:5kwSolar3KwWind96vdcsystemtoSydneyportwouldbe22,000AUD@89centstoUSD(23Kwasanoverestimation,thecompleteimplementationaftertransportandmaterialwouldbearound
24,500andifusing2x8Kwinvertersprobably23,500butrequirescarefulusageloadingtonottripthecircuitbreakerwhencooking(electric)ordoingotherhighcurrentwork)toSydneyportinclusiveafter
GST+Tariff.
Theestimateisalsowith2x10Kwinvertersreplacingtheoffered8Kwinverterandwranglingacustomtowerheightof12metersnotthe8mspecifiedbythekit.Soyouwouldtalkwiththemonchangingthekit
parameters.Thebatteriesareasmentionedinthisgreytextboxandshouldbehighqualitylonglifecycleleadacid,donotusetheofferedbatteries.

DIYtosomepeopleisconsideredatypeofporno,but,"itsnotlikethat",reallythedirtypictureofpricingtableupthereisonlythebasicmeanstoendandadefiniteclearcomprehensionofthefacetsofachievingasolarwindhybrid
systemisrequired.Hencereadalltheinformationinthisarticle.
Oryoucouldbeansweringandaskingsomeawkwardquestionsaboutnothingtooseriousbyignoranceandnoforethoughtinanargumentyoujustcannotorwillnotwinwithotherpeoplenomatterhowproudyourfinalachievementin
DIY.

Themainproblemwithselfimport(apartmoneyandcommittingeverythingatthestipulatedtimeoncall)isrequiringtofilloutsomeannoyingpaperworknowdoneoncomputerbyVPNoverthenetwith
customsACBPSsiteforimportation(theICSinCImode).FormostafterregistrationforCCIDandICS,andelectronicfundstransferforcustoms,theN10importdeclaration.
(Youshouldhaveaprivatecomputer,personaldigitalcertificate"gatekeeperindividual"andinternetconnectionforbothemailtothesuppliersalespeopleandforthe"ACBPScustoms.gov.au"andits"ICSat
www.cargosupport.gov.au")
ICScargosupportsystem"CI"ClientInteractivefirsttimeusers
"Verisign.com.auindividualGatekeeper"DigitalCertificate(requiredforACBPSICS)
CargoSupportICSfirsttimeusers
CargoSupportICSfaqs
CICustomsInteractivewithindividualdigitalcertificate
Theinspirationforthisarticlewasfindingallthepiecesforasmallsystemonebay.com.aubutalsoonebay,systemsasbiga8kwinverterandsolarwindhybridoffgridpartscollectingataround8000including
enoughbatteriesis14,000,abitroughinsetupbutaboutall.(that'sright!"eightthousand"and"fourteenthousand"NOT"NINETYTHOUSANDfor7Kwofsolar",Howthehellanyonesmilesfor90,000ihaveno
idea).ThecheapestieversawinAustraliaofoffgridsystemwasa6.5Kwhybrid5Kwwindand1.5Kwsolarwithbatterybankallfor35,000butdoesnotevenreachthequantityandqualityihavefoundand
writtenhere. .

Introduction
*note:ThereasonwindpowerorwindhybridsareoftennotusedisNOISEfromtheturbineblades,theyneedtobelocatedatleast80metersminimumfromanydwelling.
*note:Apowerinverter(e.g.puresinewaveinverter)isadevicethattransformsbatterycurrentandvoltagefromDCtoACwitharatedspecificationofoutputvoltageACandratedcontinuouspowermaximumof
Kilowatts(the"ratedsurgesupplymaximumfor10seconds"isusuallytwicetheratedpower)
83amps@12volts=1Kw
4.1amps@240volts=1Kw
Anyproductsimportedthathaveatotaloflessthan1000AUDforallcostsinclusivetransportdonotrequiretariffduty,particularlypostalitems.
*note:SEALEDleadacidNOMAINTENANCE,VRLA/SLAorAGMbatteriesareonlyeverusedbecauseriskofexplosionfrom"ventedtoair"batteriesistoorisky!!!

WARNING!Forsafetyreasons(technicalandeconomic)
Readthearticles(D.I.Y.WindSolar"OffGrid"articleandtheother12voltsystemsarticle)!!!
OffGridpowers'keystoneisstorageofenoughelectricityusingdeepcyclebatteries!
Offgridpowerisachievedusingdeepcyclebatteries(accumulators)with"floatchargelevelvoltagesetinthecontroller"NOTdeepcyclingchargesystem!
Thedifference,
accumulatorsareAmpereHour(AH)capacity"relating"temperaturedependent:

Page 3 / 19

Offgridpowerisachievedusingdeepcyclebatteries(accumulators)with"floatchargelevelvoltagesetinthecontroller"NOTdeepcyclingchargesystem!
Thedifference,
accumulatorsareAmpereHour(AH)capacity"relating"temperaturedependent:
Deepcyclingisdonebychargecurrentliftingthecapacitytoapproximately15voltsper12vbatteryand100%capacity.Toachieve100%capacityfor"Deep
Cycling"thetemperatureoftheaccumulatormustbesuitablyhighenoughduringchargingatleasttoallow100%fillingcapacity.Whenfilled,thebatteryis
dischargedtoaDepthofDischarge(DOD)levele.g.30%DODor70%DOD.
TheactionofdischargingdowntoaparticularpercentageofDODisknownas"cycling"andusuallyoccursconstantly"deepdownto70%DOD"under
heavycurrentdrawwithinminutestohoursofstartinguse,and,oneactionofitiscalled"asinglecycle".Deepcycleaccumulatorshaveafinitereasonably
guaranteednumberofthese"cycles"knownforthelevelsofvariouspercentageDOD'Se.g.only1400cyclesto30%DOD.
Floatchargingsystem,12to15yearsuseforoffgridsystems,adeepcyclebatteryisnotviolentlydischarged,itreliesonmostoftheelectricityproduced
fromthegenerators(solarandwind)tobeductedintothetheDCto240vacinverterforusedirectlyasthestrategy.Thebatterybanksizeisforprotection
againstrequiredemergencydischargeorminoroverrunsofusetopreventbatterywaredamagefromcausingseriousdecreaseintheirservicelife(life
cycle),italsoisusedtostoreburstenergytostartappliancescalled"surgepower".
Thechargecontrolleris"notsetfordeepcyclingtothroughput15vper12vbattery"itissetmuchlowerat13.7voltswhichisanalogoustothecharge
controllerceasinginputatmaximumof75%80%batterybankchargedcapacity.Tooagain,alowertemperatureisused(usually20oC)toincubatethe
batteriestolowerchemicalreactionthatcauseswareinsidethebatteries.
OftendeepcyclebatterieshavesomeofthisinformationforfloatchargeandDeepCyclingwrittenonthesideofthemeach.
1.Neverdischargeadeepcyclebatterybelowhalfits'capacity(mostmodelscanbe)andnevercompletely(mostmodelsarenotallowedthattooccur).
2(a).Othersitescalculatestorageusage1:1ofAH(amperehourswatthours)tousagerequirement.Thisisneverdonebecauseadeepcyclebatteryoranybatteryhasaspecial
chargersystemandchemistryrequiringittotheoreticallyremainabove70percentfull(forfloatchargeaction)bu',tohave15yearsofservice...specialbatterystoragebank
usagemanagementrequiresthebatterybanktoremainabove85percentfullandthecorrectversionbatterychemistryinthebatteries(accumulators)tolast20yearscapablein
floatcyclemodelspecification.Thismeans"amperehoursused"to"amperehoursstorage"ismorethan10timesthedailyconsumptioncalculation(shouldbe1:11,their
miscalculationforthisusage,theysaysomethinglike1:1.2)thanothersitesgiveforusingbatteries.
2(b).Remember,mostotheroffgridonlinebatterycalculatorsarewrong(becausetheaccumulatorcalculationsarenotfor1215yearsusefloatlifecycle)!
Otheronlinebatterycalculatorsforoffgriduseareusually"appliedasdeepcyclingaction"to70%DODofstoragebank.
Thatisbecausetheythinkafew4wheeldriversorcamperswanttotakesomeelectricitytooperateamobilehomelikeenvironmentwheretheywillemptythebatteriesto30%
full(knownas70%DODDepthofDischarge).
NormalhousesANDflats/unitsseasonaluseis25Kwhoursto35Kwhadaybecauseofheatingcooling,hotwaterandcooking(justmentioningthebigones).
Ineffectat"12vAH"standard(Ohms'Lawofwattstovoltstoamps)5000ahto6000ah(12voltstandardvalue)ofstorageisrequired("preferred"orabove8Kwratedgenerator
system,anextremelyexpensivelazyormismanaged12vvalueof6400ahMINIMUMisrequiredtosafelytakegeneratorcharge(input)levels(largehousesandworkshopsmall
mansions...etc))!
3.Remember,OffGridpowers'keystoneisstorageofenoughelectricityusingdeepcyclebatteries,deepcycleaccumulatorswereoriginallydesignedforindustrialuse,because
theyrequire,highcurrentchargeanddischargerates,andheavycurrenthighvoltagethroughputbyaddingtogetherinseriesforthecustompowersystem.Therearetwomain
voltagesofdeepcyclebatteries"2v"(twovolt)singlecelland"12v"(twelvevolt)sixcelltypes.Thelifecyclenumberofdischargesisdeterminedbythechemistrytypeand
constructionmaterialssubstanceandquality,thereforeforcostonlybasicleadacid(pardonthepun)AGMleadacidandGELleadacidarecalculatedforherebuttherearemany
chemistrye.g.calciumorsilicon,solearning"batterymodeldatasheets"(note:anddangerousgoodsMSDS)andbasicbatteryoperationparametersisasensibleideaifyouwish
touseoffbeattypesofdeepcycle(thatarealsonot"usually"viablebecauseofcost).Note:someofthelargest2vdeepcyclebatteriescanweighuptoaround200Kgasingle
piece!(IntheactualindustrialworldtherearemuchlargerweirderhighthroughputaccumulatorssometimesknownasSAB!(ShitABrick!)Thesetypeofcontainerorskipbin
batterybankwouldsitonconstructionsiteswithbarerodsfromtheterminalsoverheadintheearly1970'sasbackuportemporarypowerbutnodifferenttotheresultofbeingin
contactwithastheprotectedhousedbatteriesseeninthepicturesinthelink.Theywould"incinerate"apersononcontactnotelectrocutethem!It'snowondericannotfindany
picsofthe70'sversionsonworksites,butherearesomemoderns.SumitomoElectricredoxflowbatteries BatteriesforLargeScaleStationaryElectricalEnergyStorage).
3.(b)Remember,inDIYtoknowenoughatwhatyouwishtodoratherthansimply"attempt"becauseasingle12vcarbatterycankillbyelectrocutionorsimilartothebefore
mentionedindustrialbattery!
4.NewTechnology.Itmayormaynotbeherebuttherearealwaysconcernsandproblemswithspecificationwhenimportingdirectly,suchasextratariffonmoretoxictechnology.
It'sagoodideatoknowandaskabout"Rohs"standardcomponentsinelectricalequipment.
Ofnewtechnology,hereisanewbatterychemistrybeingdeveloped:Aquionmanufacturescheap,longlastingbatteriesforstoringrenewableenergy
5.Whilepeoplereadallthisorpartiallyandusegeneralsearchenginestolocatesuppliers,onthepointof"internationaltradedealsselfbrokered",HOWandWHEREdoesthat
occur.Whileidonotliketoputthesetwofollowingsitelinkshere,atleastitexplainswhyyoumustread"howtotalktoasupplier"andWHEREthesedealsareofferedandHOW
theyprobablyarefastened.
1.Tradesite(ACBPSN10importtype) 2.Tradesite(mainlypostalimportandACBPS"SAC"formtype)

[Warnnote:Onthepropertradebrokeringsite(N10importtype)ignorepricesyouseetoknowanythingforsuremeanstalkingtothesupplieraboutaspecificproduct!]
Inanemail,thiswouldbeofferedasatypicalshortlistexampleofakit.However,itcontainsitemsmustbe"immenselycarefullychosen","superfluousitems",andnotenough
itemsfora15yearperiod.
Quotation
3kwwind7kwsolarhybridsystemoffgrid
1)3kwhorizontalwindturbine:USD1800
2)8mfreefoldingtower:USD1133
3)7kwsolarpanelsandbrackets:USD7580
4)10kwoffgridhybridcontroller:USD1400
5)10kvaoffgridinvertor:USD3117
6)20pcs12v200ahgelbattery:USD5000
TotalAmount:USD20030/SETFOB,CHINA
Forthe15yearperioditrequiresto"change"theparametersofthetradedealtogetaquoteforanorderofextrapartstopreventagedusedequipmentfrombeingtheonlypart
tofailthatisavailable!
Thefollowingwouldbethetypeofmodificationtothekitdealparameters"youwouldthenaskforforaquote"!
3kwwind7kwsolarhybridsystemoffgrid
1)3kwhorizontalwindturbine:USD
2)8mfreefoldingtower:USD Constructa15mtowerwithlocalmaterials.(orifitis12mor15mchooseitasacost)
3)7kwsolarpanelsandbrackets:USD Nomountingbrackets
4)10kwoffgridhybridcontroller:USD(2xpiecesofthese)
5)10kvaoffgridinvertor:USD(4xpiecesofthese)
6)20pcs12v200ahgelbattery:USD Batteriesmustbegainedinaseparatetradedealtoensurebothpriceand15yearsfloatlifeat20oC
TotalAmount:USD/SETFOB,CHINA
NewsNov2013
Someoneshouldtellthemtherewasanoldfashionedelectricalappliancecalleda"tube"(fortelevisions)andadevicewithapowerdraggingelectricmotorcalledatapeplayerwhichstarted
tobereplacedaroundonedecadeprevious,the"tube"eatsatarateofleast1Kwinputpowercontinuouslywhileongenerallyandwasoftenonallday(pardonthepun)!
GraphoftheDay:Ozhouseholdsslashelectricityuseby23%(28November2013)
Electricityusagedrops,pricesincrease(November26,2013)
Canberra?snewenergymantra:Renewablesbad,demandgood(28thNov2013)energywhitepaper2012Australia?senergytransformation
Amountofyourlatestelectricitybill?
WindSolarHybridkitscanbegotas"CIF"toSydneyPort
14Dec2013(April2013)
Inthis"changing"world,thereisonethingyoucantrustforpricing.Governmentownedprivatisedcompanies.(Thepreviousstatementspeaksforitself).
WhatwasitbasicallyPMTonyAbbottsaid?Eachaveragedomesticpowerbillwouldgodown400dollarsayear,orwasit200,anyhow,thecostsobviouslywentdownforsomeone.
Thereareotherfactorsaffectingpricingofwhateverisgovernmentowned,suchas,BudgetDeficit,Dollarexchangeratevalue,requiredgovernmentloanrepayments,exportsand
industryperformanceandinflation.
Andthenthereisplainraisingthepriceanyhow.
ElectricitypricestostabiliseasgasfacesjumpApril2013(electricitypricesgoup)
ElectricitypriceswillfallwithorwithoutcarbonpriceDec2013(electricitypricesgodown)
ElectricitypricessettodropasEuropeanlinkscomeintoplayApril2013(ALLTOGETHERNOWLADS!!!electricitypricesgoupanddown)
CarbonpricefallexpectedtomoderateelectricitybillsDec142013(Electricitypricesnowbeing"nonchalant")

Thereasonforcompletekitsisalltheturbine,controller,andpanelvoltagesmatch.
NOTE:(VIDEO)SOLARPANELDIYWIRINGCONFIGURATIONSSOLARPOWERDIYGRIDFREEPANELSPHOTOVOLTAICYouTube
Ifyoudonotuseacompleteelectricalsysteminyourhouse(e.g.usegasforcookingorhotwater)andwanttogettheoffgridpowersystempartspiecebypiece,remembertomatchalltogethercontroller
voltagestobatterybankvoltageandturbineinputandsolarinputvoltages!!!
A"10Kwthreephase120vDCto240vACOFFGRIDinverter"willsufficewithanyofthese,IfyourhouseusesLPGcooking(outoftownnotmainsgas)andhaselectrichotwatera4Kwwindturbineand"5kw
ratedhybridcontroller120v"withthesolarintakecustomraisedto3Kwcanbeusedforalargehousewith607080ahdeepcyclebatteriesorifcookingandhotwaterareLPGthena4Kwwindturbineand"5kw
ratedhybridcontroller120vwith1.5Kwsolarintake"and60x80ahbatteries,However,ifyourhousehasaroofmountedevaporationairconditionerthesolarintakeshouldbecustomraisedatthefactoryto4kw
ofpanelsintaketothehybridcontrollerand70x80ahbatteriesused.
Page
Ifthekityoumakeorgetis10Kworlessandis120vDCbatterybankorless(e.g.96vor48v),andyoudonotfindaproblemusingtimingmanagementfortaskswithlargecurrentmachinessuchashotwater,and

4 / 19

voltagestobatterybankvoltageandturbineinputandsolarinputvoltages!!!
A"10Kwthreephase120vDCto240vACOFFGRIDinverter"willsufficewithanyofthese,IfyourhouseusesLPGcooking(outoftownnotmainsgas)andhaselectrichotwatera4Kwwindturbineand"5kw
ratedhybridcontroller120v"withthesolarintakecustomraisedto3Kwcanbeusedforalargehousewith607080ahdeepcyclebatteriesorifcookingandhotwaterareLPGthena4Kwwindturbineand"5kw
ratedhybridcontroller120vwith1.5Kwsolarintake"and60x80ahbatteries,However,ifyourhousehasaroofmountedevaporationairconditionerthesolarintakeshouldbecustomraisedatthefactoryto4kw
ofpanelsintaketothehybridcontrollerand70x80ahbatteriesused.
Ifthekityoumakeorgetis10Kworlessandis120vDCbatterybankorless(e.g.96vor48v),andyoudonotfindaproblemusingtimingmanagementfortaskswithlargecurrentmachinessuchashotwater,and
stovetopoven,foraround5000toSydneyportyoucanacquiretouse80x40ahdeepcyclebatteriesoftherequiredqualityof1600dischargeto30%DODandusagechemicallifecycleof10years@30o
Celsius.(*note:thereasonforleadacidnotgelelectrolytetypeisbecauseitischeaper,andbecausewithlargersizegeneratorkitsthecharge/dischargecurrentlevelsandpriceforlongstringsetsof10
batteries(120vDC)or20(240vDC)requiresmoresetsofserieslinesofbatteriesthisonebasepriceatDec.2013isaround56AUDp/piecebasepriceatfulfilledMOQrequest"soe.g.onlyfor60pieceswould
bevaguelysomethinglike4500toSydneyport").Thiswillonlygiveyouhalfthetimeforusing2stoveandoven(total3)(Thisdevice(8000w/h8Kw/hworth)plussomeextraisthetotal10%15%
"prospectivisedcalculatedstoragebuffer"capacityallowedusedfromthebatterybanktotalp/day)andcanonlybeusedduringthedaysimultaneousoronebyoneafterdark(butshouldalwayshavealagof1/2
hourbetweenlargecurrentapplianceuseexcepttheairconditioner).Thiswouldbringthecostofa10Kwhybridkitdownto19,500AUD@(92centsAUDUSD)approx.
Anoteabout"windsolarhybridcontrollers(thecharger)"...
particularlyifyouwanttoconstructyourownsystembyspecificationsandimportandhandlearound8pickupsandN10importdeclarationsreceiptsandtaxtariffe.t.c.
Notallcontrollersareasfunctionalasothermodelsandmuchthesizeofwindtosolarratioisthesameinallmodelsfromchinaassimilartoastandard.
Itispossibletohaveanyhybridcontrollermodifiedforsolarchargecapacity"upto"thesamequantityasthe"ratedwindinput"chargecapacityinwatts.
***1Oneparticularinterestingfeaturethatissometimesoptionalinhybridcontrollersforthewindturbineiscalled"lowchargevoltagechargingfunction".Oddlyitisnotincorporatetoallchargersandisworth
everypieceofitsexistencebecauseitactssimilartoMPPTbutusesvoltagesgeneratedbytheturbinethatarebelowthebatteryvoltagelevelandwhentheturbineisspinningextremelyslowly.
***2Anotherfeatureis"batterytemperaturechargecompensationfunction".Asyoucanseefromabatterydatasheet,theheldcapacityofthebatteryandtheallowedchargingcurrentmaximumaredifferentat
variousenvironmentaltemperatures.Thisispresentasstandardinmanycontrollersbutsometimesnotothers.
Solar,windorhybridcontrollersrequirematchingvoltagestoinputANDcurrent(amperageorwattage)levels.WithaHybridcontrollertherearesomefeaturestounderstandtosuccessfullymatchinputchargeof
windturbineandPVpanelstothecontroller.
Herearesomespecificationstakenfromacontrollerthatoutputsto96vratedbatterybank.
Systemvoltage96VDC
ThebasicratingofoutputofthecontrollerDCforbatterybankafterprocessingtheinputcharge.However,the
exactvoltagerelates"floatchargevoltage"ofthebatteries.
solarcell90VDC~200VDC
Thisisthesecondmostimportantvoltageforsolarpanelsstringsetsinseries.EachlineofpanelsHASA
"PMax."or"Vmp"MaximumVolts,addstogethereachpanelinseriesuntilitreachestojustunder200VDCvolts
DC.
Whenthepanelsareaddedtogetherthereoftenisn'tenoughtomakethewattagePw(peakwatts)allowedbythe
controller.Addthe"totalofthewattageofthestringofpanelsitrequiredtomatchPMaxandVOC"inseriesuntil
youhavethecorrectmaximumwattagebyasmany"seriesstringsetsofpanels"required,but"notmorethanthe
ratedwattageoftheinput"tothecontrollerforPVpanels.
openvoltage"VOC"240VDC
ThiscalledtheVOCsometimesOVC"OpenCircuitVoltage".TheVOCistheparametertotrytomatchidentically
butmustneverexceed.Whenallthepanelsusedtomakeaserieslineareaddedtogether,alikethePMax.the
VOCofeachpanelmustbeaddedtogetherandmustbejustunderorthesameastheratedVOChereof
240VDC.(note:240vdcisacoincidenceherenotrelatedtootherthingsusing240v)
UsableExampleOnly:
IfwehaveourHybridcontrollerherewiththeseparametersasa4Kwor5kwwindplusstandardsolar
wattage,andrequesttomodifybeforepaymentto4000wsolaralsoatordertimetoadjustitforsimilarsolarinput
wattageasextraWecouldobtainthispanelanduseitbecauseitcalculatesclosetotheuppercontroller
operationboundarywhilenotoverloadingitforthisexamplemodel.
250W260W270WPolySolarPanel
Port:Guangzhou
MinimumOrderQuantity:10Piece/Piecesnegotiable
(260w)(VMP=36v)(OCV=43.9v)(15Panels)
15panelsx260wattseach=3900wattstotal
5panelsX260watts=1300watts
5panelsx36voltsVMP=180voltsVMP
5panelsx43.9voltsVOC=219.5voltsVOC
GoodExample:VMPis21voltsshortofmaximum,VOCis19voltsshortofmaximum
220wSolarPanel
Port:Qingdao
MinimumOrderQuantity:10Piece/Pieces
(220w)(VMP=29.8v)(OCV=36.8v)(18Panels)
18panelsx220wattseach=3960wtotal
6panelsX220watts=1320wattsEACHSERIESSTRINGOFPVPANELS
6panelsx29.8voltsVMP=178.8vVMP
6panelsx36.8voltsVOC=220.8voltsVOC
WINDVOLTAGERANGE90~150VDC
Windvoltagerangeisalittletricky,Whethermeasuredinampsorwattsthecontrollerhasamaximumallowance
"ofmax.turbinewattage"asaratingandsometimesitisonlyexpressedas"amps"(current)oneitherawindor
solarchargecontroller.Youneedtomatchtheturbineforboth"ratedwattage"and"maximumwattage".
Asyoucanseethereisavoltagerangeof90vto150vforaDCturbineorrectifiedACoutput.Thisindicatesthat
eithera110voltor120voltTurbineisappropriate.Theturbineshouldmatchjustnearthemid(120)pointbetween
theupper(150)andlower(90)valuesofvoltage,ifworsecomestoworst,thennearerthebottomofitactuallye.g.a
96voltturbine.
Of2014,hereisacontrollerthatDIYpartbypartisthecorrectsizeforoperatingahomealikehavingthegrid,buteitherwaythegeneratorsizeisveryimportanttopreventbatterieseverbeingdrainedbelow15%
fromthetop(15%DOD).
Highpower8000w48vWind&solarhybridcontrollerchargerwithLCDDisplay,PWM,&Dumploadfunction3000wwind+5000wsolarNOTE:withwindturbinestherearealwaystwodifferentratings"rated"and
"Maximum"!!

Notebeforestarting,thecompaniesforbothbatteriesandhybridpowersystemsmentionedatthebottomofthepageareanextensivesurveyresearchforbestandlargesteconomicallycomparativetonetwork
electricityinAustraliaofwillsupplytheKwpowerlevelrequiredtocompete,theredonotappeartobeanyothersintheseonlinecommercialcatalogs.Ifthesystemwilllastatleasttwelveyearsitwillbesimilarto
evenimplementationcostbutby7yearsuseahybridkitisatleastthesamequantityofelectricityagainstAustraliannetworks10yearssupplyapprox.Kw/heconomically(However,ahybridkitmaybecanbe
twicethereadysupplyusagep/timeunit).
Onecompanyhas5KwpowergenerationGridtieHybridsets2kwsolarand3kwwind,thatisonlysuitableforhousesthatcouncilandneighborsdonotmindthenoiseofthewindturbineandunlikelyincity
suburbswherethatwouldnotbetolerated.NOTE:gridtiedisnotusefultostreetswherehousesaremorethan50meters(probablyonly30meters)apartbecausethesupplylinelosesappreciablechunksofthe
generatedenergybackupthelinetosupply,generallyitwouldtakea10kwgridtiekitthatwouldonlyproduceback5kwintothegridrunningatmaximum,sotheyarenotahugepointexceptinvillagesandvery
smalltownswithlargehouseblocks,butwellworthitiftheyaretolerantofalittleextrahummingnoiseandisalso24/7withwind.Beyond50metersapartitisnotworthgridtieorcostsorimpendinggridprices.

AllAustralianhousesare15Kwpowersystemminimum(oraround8Kwgeneratorpowersystemrequirementif"gasheating,gascookingandgashotwater"areused).
note:thisarticleonlyaccountsarooftopevaporationairconditionernomorethan3Kw.
AscienceshowonceairedonAustralianTVboastedtheycouldoperateanAustralianhomeoffgridusinga3Kwwindturbinegenerator.
AllAustralianhousesbelowasmallmansionrate15Kwincludingflatunitsiftheycontainallthebelowinthetablebecauseofcookingandhotwater.Ahousewith5childrencouldrequirea20Kwinverterand
minimum5kwsolarand5Kwwindhybrid.Asmallmansionwouldrequire10Kwwindand10Kwsolarand20Kwinverter.
1.Electricalappliancesurgedoesnotoftenremainunder3Kwformanyappliancesattimeofstarting.
2.Windgeneratorsonlygeneratewhensufficientwindispresent,Solarpanelsonlyproduceasmallpercentageofwattageduringmiddayhoursinsummer.
3.TherequiredconsumptionlevelsofastandardAustralianhomerequiremuchmorereliablequantityofelectricgenerationrelatingweathercycles(solarorwind).
Link:(PDF)ImportationstepsandprocessesfromdealtocustomswarehouseN30RCRexitafter"cleared"(note:schedule4mentioninthisshouldbe"schedule3",4istheconcessiontypeinformation)

Page 5 / 19

2.Windgeneratorsonlygeneratewhensufficientwindispresent,Solarpanelsonlyproduceasmallpercentageofwattageduringmiddayhoursinsummer.
3.TherequiredconsumptionlevelsofastandardAustralianhomerequiremuchmorereliablequantityofelectricgenerationrelatingweathercycles(solarorwind).
Link:(PDF)ImportationstepsandprocessesfromdealtocustomswarehouseN30RCRexitafter"cleared"(note:schedule4mentioninthisshouldbe"schedule3",4istheconcessiontypeinformation)

OffGridpracticallybycosteffective!
Batteries("Accumulators"amulticellbatterythatisrechargeable)arewhatmakesanoffgridsystem(theconsolationforpriceof"aneffectivesizesystem"andthebatteriesistwicetheelectricityforperiodof
operationsonomoreswitchingoffthefirstworlduntilitmakesnosensehavingallthoseappliances)
.............AscienceshowonceairedonAustralianTVboastedtheycouldoperateanAustralianhomeoffgridusinga3Kwwindturbinegenerator................
Whatmakesthis3Kwsystemfalseistheveryunderpinningtechnology(batteriesdeepcycle)andreasonsfortheirincorporationtothesystem."DeepCyclebatteries"areusedforlargecurrentandvoltage
storagepurposeinthisinstanceand"notUPSbatteries(UninterruptedPowerSupplybatteryforremotetelecommunicationsstations)"becauseoftherequiredinputandoutputcurrent"handling"levels,ifnot
heavycurrent(amps)thenina120vor240vDCsystemcertainlythehighvoltagemustbeconductedefficientlyperamp.ThemostcommonuseofdeepcycleBatterysisforelectricmotorsthathaulweightssuch
asmotorisedwheelchairs,industrial12vhoistoroffgridindustrialpowertoolusage.Deepcyclebatteriesaregenerallyanindustrialdevicebecausetheirpriceandusagewillgenerallybe"profitablefor
circumstanceofgettingapaidjobtooccur"notforcheapelectricitysupply.
Abulkbuyofatleast100batteriesdoesbringthepricetosomethingmoreaffordable(accumulatorAHsizing)perbatterybutisfraughtwithall"transportcosts"(particularlyfromthecustomswarehousein
Australiaandbeyond)andcareofequipment(mainlydischargelevelcalledDOD,orbatterylifecycletotemperatureofoperation).
Transportation(assaidhereinthisarticle)isbestgainedasa"CIF"(CostInsuranceFreight)"tradedealagreement"(personal)usingSeaOceanTransportasBB(BreakBulk)cargoforthese"sizeofbuys",
andChinaonlyshipstoBrisbaneandSydneyPorts(sometimesDarwin)NOFurther!!!.
Batteriesinanoffgridpowersystemare"analogoustofuelinavehiclefueltankandmileage"meaningtheybothrunoutoffuelandburnorwareout,Soataround10,000for100x80ahbatteries(Accumulators)
toyourdoorstepyoudonotwanttosimplyusethembywaitingforcharge,youmustusesomeofandatleast50%directlyfromthechargerequipmentwheninuse,thismeanshavingabigenoughwindturbine
andenoughpanelstosupplysuchaquantity.Againtoo,whenweatherconditionsarenotoptimumandwillnotbegoodforanextendedperiodsuchasdaysthenitrequiresaminimumratingofinputfromthe
situationtochargethebatteriesanditisbettertohavesomeextraabilityinthoseconditionstocommitsomereasonablesupplyofchargeintotheusage,hencewindpower.Tomakemattersworsetwoproblems
canoccur,1.thesystemislocatedinalowwindaveragearea,2.Itcanbeanumberofdaysbeforesunreappears.
Thisisnoweasytounderstandwhya"15Kwpowergenerationratingsystem"forahouseistherequirement,notsimplyoneorthreeKwmaximumgeneration.A10Kwwindturbinealonewouldbeaminimum
andforalowwindareaasitwillonlyproducearound1Kwforthewindspeedandprobablyonly8Kw/hfora24hourdayinagreyheavilyovercastdayinalowwindarea,asmuchonlyaround1Kwmorewitha
hybridwith5Kwofpanels.Batteriesallowthegeneratedchargetobestoredandredischargedevenlywhenrequiredparticularlyifgenerationoutputdropsbelowusageoutputrequirement,butdonotlast
foreverandcanonlyhandleaparticularnumberofdischargecyclesbeforeunusable.Alsotheycanonlydischargearoundamaximumof1/2halfaKiloWatt(500watts)eachandaround5Kwfornomorethan5
to10secondsforsurge(hencethechannelingby80piecesof80ah"accumulators"(rechargeablemulticellbattery)being8linesof10in120vdcsystemsor4linesof20in240vdcsystems).Morethanthis,battery
temperaturerisingabove2025degreesCelsiuscanlowerthelifetimeoftheleadacidbatterytoaslittleasfourtofiveyears(seebelowatthedatasheet).
Butthefinalproblemisasetofbatteriesrequiredtomatchachargerdevice(solarwindhybridcontroller)andadistributordevice(powerinverter)calledabatterybank.Abatterybanksufficienttoholdsome
excessreservechargetooperateanAustralianhouseanditsappliancesfortwodaysisaround400amperehours@240vwhichtranslatesto"100x12volt80ahdeepcyclebatteries".
considernowthatthisisalso2.3tonneofbatteriesataround85USDcostp/batteryatthebasecostandaround100to110per80ahbatterywhenalltransportcostsandtariffandGSTareapplied.Agrand
totalofaround11,000onyourdoorstepfor100batteries(transportcompanyasworstcasescenario).
Thisarticleisaboutwhatlittlecanbedonetoeconomicallycompetesensiblywiththegridasanalternative.Asmuchbecauseof"costandeconomicexchangerateorconstructiondeficitblowout"theminimum
isthegoal,soleadacidaccumulatorsofsometypewithatleastasensible10yearfloatlifecyclechemistryatasensibletemperatureratingisrequired.
It'snotapointtogetaqualityortypetoohighandcausecostblowout.

Howbatteriesoperate
Batteriespresentaproblemononeparticularfeaturethatissubtlebutalwayspresentrequiringassessmentbeforeputtinginasystem.
Currentdraw(amperagewattage)inuse!
Offgrid"SystemStorageVoltage"areoftenanyof48v,96v,120v0r240vDC(DirectCurrent).
Any"DeepCycle"batterycanonlyputoutamaximum200w(16amps@12v)continuouslywithoutdamageandthistotaledaddedtogetherinseriesstringforthepurpose.
Bythiseffectitisnotbeingusedasadeepcyclebattery(currentcapacitysafetyonly)butitmustnoteverbeoverloadedtooperatethe1012yearsofuse.
Sotobestunderstandmeasureofhowmanybatteriestohave,itrequirestounderstandmaximumcurrentdrawsimultaneouslyofanormal"allelectricservicedhouse"beingnominally12Kwformediumsized
homesand15Kwforlargefamiliesorlargeappliancehomesduringheavyusage.
Sothisfollowsthatonseriesstringpervoltagecanoutput:
(NOTE!:Continuousoutputisanythingbeyond30seconds!)
48v=4batteries=800wperstring.(18stringsfor15Kw,or,13strings(52batteries)for12Kwcontinuousoutput)
96v=8batteries=1.6Kwperstring.(9stringsfor15Kw,or,7strings(56batteries)for12Kwcontinuousoutput)
120v=10batteries=2Kwperstring.(8stringsfor15Kw,or,6strings(60batteries)for12Kwcontinuousoutput)
240v=20batteries=4Kwperstring.(4stringsfor15Kw,or,3strings(60batteries)for12Kwcontinuousoutput)
(AminimumofVAGUELY60batteriesarerequiredof80ah=4800ahofbatteries@12vrating(6cells))
Otherfactorsaredutychemistryexplainedelsewhere.
(Note:"deepcyclingisextremelydamagingtoabattery"anda"specialpurposeaction"notaspecialchemistryparticularly!)
OnefinalimportantpieceofinformationrelatingproperbatterysizeandquantityistheclassifiedAHamperehoursizeofthebatteryunder"currentdischarge"conditions.
Whendischargingabatteryof"deepcycle"leadacidtype,generallytheycanhandleupto40amps(1/2Kw)as"deepcycling"sometimesaremanufacturedtowithstand50amps(WARNINGthisisadeep
cyclingdutyforthrowingawayaftercontinuallydrainingto(usuallyaverageisaround120160fulldischargesonlycalled"DeepCycling")maxnumberof90%DODdischargesNOTalongperiod(12years)
powersystemmodeofoperation).
Whatmustbeunderstoodis200wis16ampsandataround24ampsdischargelevelthebatteryAH(AmpereHour)ratingisloweredtoe.g.normal20hourtestrating80AHbecomes60AHand5hourrating,and
at30ampdischargeleveltheAHratingofan80AHbecomes30AHand1hourratinge.tc.....becausethisoccurstoofastforthechemistryontheplatestokeepupwiththedischargeascontinuous.
Thesetypesofspecificationchangewithchemistrytypeandmanufacturetypeandmethodofinternalsandvarygreatly,butthensotoodoesprice!Wecanonlyaffordwhatisrequired!
Itshouldnowbeeasytounderstandthatifyoumadeyourselfa12Kwhouseusagesizesystemandyouhavetwo10Kwinvertersoreventwo8Kwinvertersyoumayneedthesafetyofaminimumof60deep
cyclebatteriesnomattertheactualAHrating,particularlyifyouwereaccidentallytodriveitatthepossible15Kwsizeforasmalltime.
Tounderstandthislastfeaturebetterlookatthedatasheet(PDF)forabatteryprovidedhere,andtheheadings:"ConstantCurrentDischargeCharacteristics:A(25Celsius)"and"RatedCapacity"forthetime
dischargeAHrating.

Ensuringbatteryservicelife
Inanoffgridsystem,asmentionedbefore,batteriesstoragecapacityandleadplate(Kg)areakintoavehiclefueltankandfuel.Toadjuststoragetothecorrectsizeforleadaciddeepcyclebatteries,10%of
batterybankstoragecapacityisaveragedailyuse.30%DODisacommoncapacitymeasurementanditsreasonisbecausethetop30%ofbatterycapacitychargeisusedfor"floatcharging".Toproperly
accountallrequiredstorageONLY10%ofthefloatatthetop(TO10%DOD)isusedbecausethebatteriesmustlastlongerthanthe30%DOD1400discharges(4yearsadaysaverageusageofelectricityper
discharge).Nearto(moreorless)10%isadayselectricityusageanddischargeisnearthreetimesthe30%ratinge.g.10%DOD=1400x3=4200/365=11.5yearswhilekeptunder23degreesCelsiusformost,
also,thisisimpossiblebecauseofsomesummerdaysanddischarge/chargeheatinginternallyandwillmoreequal7yearsbecauseoftheselatterfactorsofdeteriorationandchemicalaging(butthereareways
fora10year20oCelsiuslifecycletypetolast9years).
Remember,sizeofabatterybankandthequantityofbatteries(perserieslinetomakethesystemDCvoltageside)isnotsimplythestoragequantity,itisactuallythe"allowabledischargecurrentlevel"and
"chargingcurrentlevelstressesfrompowerandtemperaturethroughthesetofbatteriesbecauseofbatterypreservationforlifetimeofthebatteries(12years),notmerelythefactthattodischargethestored
capacitytoaparticular%DODcanaffectthelifetimeofthebatteries.
Asexample(belowhere)isthis"DOD/TimeCalculator"forabatterybank.
Iftotalbatterybankstorageampsat12voltsis80AH(almost1Kwhtotal)(e.g.justonebattery)thetheoreticaltimeto30%DOD(1/3discharge)is"17"minutesof1Kw.
Then3x17=51minutes,3x30%=90%ofthebatterystoragesize.
ThefollowingjavascriptformcalculatesthequantityoftimeabatterybankhasifitwerebeingdischargedataconstantKwdrawlevelofcurrent(amperage)use.
TheaverageallexclusivelyelectricalenergysuppliedhouseinAustraliaisbetween25Kwhto35Kwhdaily,
hencedrawat"1Kw"(theselectoptionsfield)downto15%DODshould"hypothetically(notnecessarily)"equal"atleast"around"25hours"inthedecimalfractionhourfield(outputanswer)inthefollowingform,
relatingthesettingsofAH(amperehours)ofbatterybankfilledintothe"batterybanksTOTAL12vworthofAH's"andselectionof"@"X"Kwcurrentdraw"selector.
Ifyouhade.g.12x3000ah"2"volt(not12)batteries,then6batteriesinseriesmakes3000ahof12volts,so12batteries=2linesx3000ah=6000ahTOTAL@12volts.
Whenbatteriesareaddedinlineinseriesthevoltsareaddedtogetherandraised,buttheAHremainthesame.
Whenbatteriesareputinparallel,thaAH'sareraisedbutthevoltsremainthesame.

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Forthestoragequantityby12voltbatteriesthetotalstorageiseasiestby12v.
Ifyouhave80of12vbatteriesthatare80ahbatteriesthatmakes6400ah.Soifallthe80wereparallel(neverdothat)thecalculatorwillsayyouhaveat"1"Kw,"11.566265060240963"hours=11.566265060240963
Kw/h's.
Bythesamepoint,ifour80ah12voltbatterieswerearrangedlikenext,"8linesof""10batteriesinseries"using120vpowersystemstorage,
andweusedacalculationfor120vatcurrent(ampere)drawof1Kwitwouldbeexactlythesame!!!"11.566265060240963"hours=11.566265060240963Kw/h's.!!!
Soyoucanbuildanyvoltagesystemyouwant"with12voltdeepcycleaccumulators"butvoltage(bybatteryarrangement)doesnotandcannotchangethequantityofelectricitystored!
Justaddallthe12vbatteriesAHratingstogetherforthetotal(equivalenttomultiplyingtheAHratingbythenumberofbatteries),orifyouhave2vsinglecelldeepcycleaccumulators(batteries),dividebysixthe
totalnumberofbatteriesandthenmultiplythatnumberofaccumulatorsbytheAHratingtheyhave(theyshouldallbethesame!e.g.3000ahor250ahor80ah...whatevere.t.c...)
Foranactualpermanentoffgridsystem,because"14000ahworthof12v(25Kwh's15%DOD)"sizeistoocostly(fordedicated10+years),andasmuchthepowersystemcanusebymanagement1:1ratio(half
batterysupplyANDhalfwind/sungenerator)of"batterybank"to"directsun/windgeneration"canbetheday/nightefficiencybalancewhenaddedtogether,only6000ahworthof12vfornormalgridmimicis
requiredandaround4000ahforsmallersystemsthehousehashaditsappliancesremodeledforefficiency.

Tomentionithere(forturbinesforprice,it'sbesttotellthelengthsforthe+tothekitsuppliertomatchtheturbineKwandtherequiredlengths)whetherkitoryoubuildpiecebypieceCablesizetovolts,
amps,watts

[AmpsandWattscalculatorforSystemVoltages]
Fillinonefieldonly(numeralsonly)tocalculate!
Ifyouwanttofindtheampsinvarioussystemvoltages,simplychangethevoltselectoraftercalculating!
IFyouwanttofindwatts"FROMAMPS"again,"setthevoltageselectorfirstbefore""clickonclear"atextentryfieldtorewriteinAMPSagainandthenusingtheCalculatebutton!!!
(Volts) 12v

(Amps) AMPS

CALCULATE

(Watts) WATTS

[Wattsisameasureof"jobEnergy"extremely"alike"KiloJoulesorKiloCalories]
Hoursof240vusagefromLeadAcid(Gel/fluid)batterybankstorageof12vAmpereHourstotal(ByDODfloatdischarge)
@"X"Kwcurrentdraw 500w

[REQUIRED]

BatteryBankin12vAHTotal totalInput12vAHhere [REQUIREDnumeralsonly]

CalculateTime

(5yearsMax)Kw/Hoursof240vTo(30%DOD
(10+years)Kw/Hoursof240vTo(15%DOD

hours)(TotalinMinutes
hours)(TotalinMinutes

)
)

WARNING:
[AlwaysresearchGELleadacidfordischargestoprice,apartnormalfluidleadacidtype,anotherisalsoPAM,it'susuallyMOQisthedealproblembutaskthem]
Whilethecalculationaboveshowsyouhowmuchstoragein"thebasicdailyrequirementmustbeavailable",itdoesnottellyoumuchaboutthedifferencesof"LeadAcidtypebatteriesalone"forthepurposeof
lasting12yearsto15%DOD,thefollowingcalculationcanbefedthenumberofdischargesfromthespecificmodels'datasheettoconverttoyearsasadecimalfraction.

Ifthebatteryisasufficientqualityitwillbehavesomethingalikedoublethe30%DODdischargesat15%DOD.
However,generallyonlyhalfofthetotaldailyrequirementis"onesingledischarge"forstorage(amperehours)purpose,andinheavymanagementtacticandmodifiedhouseholdrefitiscalculatedasonly1/3rd
ofthetotalstoragerequirementpersingledischargeforthe12yearperiod.
calculateyears

NumberofDischargestoX%DOD numberofdischarges dischargestoYears

4400dischargesis12years,2200is6years.
Asixyearsystemof80xof"40ah"deepcycleGELto30%DODmaybeamoresuitablestrategyforsome.
withthecalculatorabovethebatterybank"3200AH"timeis23.132hourstotal(23Kw/hworthat30%DOD)perdischargeto30%DOD.
Withthedatasheetbelow,wecanseeitwilllast6yearsatorbelow23oCelsius.
Sotouseasixyearbatterystrategy,in51/2yearsyouresearchandbuyanother80xof40ahaccumulators.
Onefinalpointtothisis40ahdeepcyclearequitesmall,sobesttousenotabove120vBatterybanksystemvoltageyouchoosetoorder.
Therearemanychemicalcombinationtypesofleadacidbatterysystem,relating"LifespanInYears"becauseoftemperatureandchemistrytype!!!
*PAMadditivelonglifeleadacid.Link:PAMadditivedeepcycle
*GELmoreefficientbasicleadacidorwithPAM.
*Lightconstructedshortlifelowdischargequantitylowtemperatureoperation.
*Longerlifespanhightemperature,heavyconstruction.Link:QualityGELleadacid
*AGMAbsorbedGlassMat.

Page 7 / 19

*PAMadditivelonglifeleadacid.Link:PAMadditivedeepcycle
*GELmoreefficientbasicleadacidorwithPAM.
*Lightconstructedshortlifelowdischargequantitylowtemperatureoperation.
*Longerlifespanhightemperature,heavyconstruction.Link:QualityGELleadacid
*AGMAbsorbedGlassMat.
*SiliconLeadAcidwidetemperatureoperationrange.
ThesearethecommonLeadAciddeepcycletypesandefficiencyvariesimmenselywith,
*price(aboveorbelowMOQ,companyandsetquantity)*Note,alwaysbuy"EXW"or"CIF"(particularly)only!!!(*spnote:MOQMinimumOrderQuantitye.g.units:"sets"or"pieces")
*DODdepthofdischargeratings(shorterfloatlifespan15%DODissimilarto30%DODlonglife15%ismoredouble30%)
*withtemperaturefloatlifespan(accumulatormodellifespanshouldbemorethan10yearsalwaysatorabove20oCelsius!)
*localenvironmenttemperatureaffected"ahcapacity".
*currentdraw"rateofdischarge"affected"ahcapacity".
Inshort,therecanbeanycombinationofmentionedaboveoffered,butitisamatterofverifyingtheprice,themodeland"datasheetinformation"areeffectiveata12yearjob.
Youneedtobesureitwilloperatearound50%capacityat10oC,thefloatlifeismorethan12yearsat20oCminimum,anddischargeto30%isatleast1600discharges,andifaGEL.
Inshortalwaysaskforanestimateof15%DODand30%DODandthedatasheet,anditalwaysrequiresahighquality"LeadAcid"tobeeconomicenough.
*Asexplainedlater,therearewaysofkeepingthetemperatureofbatteriesatalevelthatwillgivemorethan10years"floatlife"andaround8090%capacitytochargeto.
RECAPNOTE:Rememberassaidbefore,onlyuseatotallysealedbatterytype,NEVERventilatedtoatmosphere!

Hereisa"DATASHEETExample"ofa200AHGELleadacidbattery"(insufficientversion),theirqualityandspecificationsvarygreatlyalikethestandardsealedfluidlead
acid,howevertheygenerallyhavealiketwicethedischargesofastandardfluidtypeDODtoDODcomparison.Thisoneisnotsufficientbecauseitratedbelow10years@
20oCelsius
Apologies!(oopsblooper!!!thisoneremovedfromlinknextwasalikethebelowat6yearsmaxonlyhttp://mdeng.en.alibaba.com/product/1934106484
221514451/2014_Newly_High_Quality_Gel_Battery_12v_80ah.html)
Hereisasufficientversion80ah100ahGELhttp://ciyibattery.en.alibaba.com/whichthe"20piecesM.O.Q."tradelotwillbemoreexpensive"perpiece"ifonly16werethetradedeal(forsmall48vorsmall96v),
butthepiecequantity(50)iseffectivelyperfectbydischargesforthe120vor240v(240vwouldrequire60pieces)8Kwand10KwHybridpowergeneratorsystemstobetween30%and15%over12years
comparedtothehighqualityleadacidsfullstop!Andanothersufficient80ahGEL(largeMOQtradelotwillbemoreexpensive"perpiece")http://motoma.en.alibaba.com/

Page 8 / 19

LeadAcidBatterytypesmaintenance
Batterycellperformance"measurementsandunits"tutorial
(Quickexplaination)"6monthly"leadacidBattery"Equalisingmaintenance"
"6monthly"leadacidBattery"Equalisingmaintenance"
NOTE:Equalisingleadacidbatteriesshouldbedoneinaccordancewiththerequirementsstipulatedforthe"brand"andmodelwiththemanufacturersinformation,"sealedbatteries"cannotbechemically
testedsoaskforthespecificinformationatordertime.
*Somechargecontrollerscomewithan"equalisationfunction",However,asbefore,askforthespecificmaintenanceinformationonequalisingleadacids'forthemodelatordertime.

HowtoSetachargecontrollerforthebatterymodelusingaDataSheet
Theabovedatasheetisgoodproblemtoshowaboutoneofthemostimportantfeaturesofacontrollerinitssettings!
Achargecontrollermusthavea"settable""Overchargevoltagesetting"andan"Overchargerecoverysetting".
Theoverchargesettingstopsthechargerfromdamagingthebatterybyovercharging,itswitchestheturbinetothedumpload.
Therecoveryfromoverchargeallowsthechargecontrollertochargethebatterybankwhenit'sbeenusedatinypieceandthevoltagehasdroppedaccordingtothesettinggiventoitthatisusuallyonlyhalfa
voltlowerthanthe"overchargedsetting(batterybankisfull)".
Inshort,twomainpropersizeddomestichouse"DCsystemvoltages"for8Kwand10Kwexist,120vDCand240vDCbatterybankandhencechargecontroller!
Tomake120vsystemwith12voltbatteriesrequiresaserieslineof10accumulators.
Tomakealineof240vrequire20accumulators(batteries)inseries.
(Hypothetical)However,therecouldhavebeenabadmishapandlost2batteriesina240vDCbatterybanksystem!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Ifwetakealookattheupperandlowerboundsoftheallowedchargecontrolinputwefindwemayhaveadifferenceofasmuchas30v40vvoltsfrombatterybankfulltobatterybankdrained.
Asbeforealineof20x12vbatteriesthatareemptyare20x11.2volts=224v(lowerbounds).
However,ourDatasheetabovesayseachcellinthe12vbattery(hassixcells)isfullto"ratedAHbatterycapacityfor100%leveltemperature"atapprox.14.4vandshouldbefloatedat2.275vp/cell(13.65v*20=
273volts).
14.4vx20=288voltsmakesaccumulatorbankfullto"ratedAHbatterycapacityfor100%leveltemperature".
224voltsisminimum.(*!nearlyequalisingvoltage4.4v!!!!shouldbemorelike"Overcharged(ataround70%80%Capacitymaximumallowedchargeforbanktemperature):18x13.5=243volts"and
"Overchargedrecovery:239volts").
[Hypotheticalbatterydamageemergencysituationserieslinereshuffle]Removingtwobatteriesoneachlinesoeachserieslineofbatterieshasonly18batteries,atfullmakes18x14.4=259.2volts
Whenyouswitchanapplianceon,thebatteryvoltage(chargequantityrelationship)dropsquicklyforamoment"calledsurgeorappliancesurge"thenrisesbackuptoneartheclosedvoltageandslowlydrops
downwithuse.
Sowhileyoureplacethebatteries,thesystemoverchargesettingcanbe"259volts"andtheoverchargerecoverycanbe"258.5volts"THEORETICALLY.
DataSheetabove:20xbatteriesseriesline=240v,7.5yearsat20oCelsius,100%AHcapacityenabledat20oCelsius
Normaloperationis,itshouldbefloatedat2.275vp/cell(13.65v*20=273volts).
So"overchargesetting"shouldbe288volts.
"overchargerecovery"shouldbe276volts(13.8vp/battery).
Andfloatshouldbe272volts(13.6vp/battery)
Therefore,abatterywith80%capacityofAH'sat20oCelsius,for15yearslifespanatthattemperature,hasitsoverchargerecoverysetatthevoltagethebatterytestoutputsat80%capacityofitsratedAH's.
Whentalkingtothesupplieraboutakitandthecontroller,askifithasautomatictemperaturecompensation,whetherabuiltintemperaturesensororifthefloatandoverchargeshouldbesetmanually.
Hereisanexampleonly:Takealookatthevaluesfor:FloatingVoltage(V),OverVoltageShutoff(V)OverVoltageRecovery(V)

[note:Themostsensibleandeffectivesystemisleadacidaccumulatorchemistryconstructionthatcanhandle30oCelsiusratedat10years(whatittakestogetmorethan10yearsat20degrees),expensive
cheapversion,simplynotcheap,butmoreworthitspointinAustraliaorequatorialandtropicalenvironments]
Batteriesshouldbekeptcontinually20oCelsius24hoursaday,7daysaweek,365daysayear!!!
Buyandstorearound10xof240vACsupplytype50watt100watttemperaturerangeadjustablefishtankheatersanda10gallonplasticfuelcontainerthatcanbesealedwithsiliconsealant.
[NOTE:Thisnextparagraphisalmostredundantandbettersizingtacticsandchemistryarenowknown(80x40ahbatteriesfor6yearsmaybebetterasGELorPAMthenbuyanotherforasixyearperiodin51/2
yearswhenthefirstarenearoutofservice)]
Whenacquiringbatteries"fortheperiodthefirstsetshouldbedesignedtolast7years"(ifnothighqualitysealedleadacid)atleastsoeithermediumorsuperiorleadacidsealedbatteriesshouldbeused.A
mediumqualitybatteryhas[average7yearslifespanat25degreesCelsiusand1400dischargesapproximatelyto30%DOD].Inpowersystemsetlifespanthesecondset7yearslatermaybelowqualityor
anothermediumquality.Superiorqualityfor9yearsfollowedbylowqualityfor4to5yearsservicelifeisanotherstrategy.
Thisiswhythe10yearsat30oCelsiuslifecycletype(highqualitysealedleadacid)isthebestandbasicallyonlychoicetouse,However,understandingits'capacity%ontheLCDscreenreadoutwillappear
annoyingatvarioustemperaturesandwhyalittleadjustmentinhowtoencasethebatterieswithanextra400wsmallhybridsystemand100wfishtankheaterinacompletelysealedplastic10gallonfueldrumto
incubatethehousingorroomtheyarekept,theyareoftenaround75%capacitymaximumbecauseoftemperatureforthechemistrywhenbelow25oCelsius(note,thetemperaturecompensationthermometeris
oftenpartofthecontrollerandmustbeinthesameenvironmentasthebatteries!!!).
Batteryhousingandtemperaturecontrol(a)
(Acoolingfaninsummerisreasonablyoptionalinthebatteryhousing,however,inwinterheatingisnotoptional.Forthebatteriestomaintainusableandchargeablecapacity,inwintertheymustbeheatedinthe
batteryhousing,particularlyhighqualitylonglifecyclebatteries(onlyordinarystandardleadacidtypeaccumulatorsystemisviewedinthisarticlebecauseofcost).Reasonablymuchtoo,forhighqualitylong
lifecyclebatteries,theycanhavedoublewalling,butmediumlowqualityofonly10yearslifeat20oCmusthavetriplewalling)
Aboutbatteryoperationanddatasheets,apointthatisrequiredistonormalisethetemperatureofbatteriesduringuseandstoragebecausetemperaturehasasevereeffectonlifeofthebattery,itcanbeasshort
as4or5yearsifabove20to*"25"degreesCelsius(Somebatteriesarebetterthanothersinthisrespectandtheexampleisasuperiorqualityleadacidsealedbatterycomparedtomostbutdonotleaveittochance
"lifecycletotemperature").Yourbatteryhouseshouldhavetwoflywirecoveredholesof15cmx15cmatthetopofthewallonbothendsofthebatteryhousingtoplacea12vfanintooneofthemforsummerheat
e.g.a50watt(4amps@12v)or100w(8amps@12v)12vfantorunfromthe"loadcircuit(100wor200woutputdependentmodel)"(orusea**"12vDCto240vACinverter"andanormaldomesticroofexhaustfan**
note:12vinvertercontrollervoltageisverygoodtheftdeterrentbecauseonlyamaximumof412vdeepcycleaccumulatorscaneverbeputtogether,becauseonlyinparallelandnomorethan2Kwoutputpoweror
itbecomesdangerousanddamagingtotheaccumulatorsAlsoit'sgoodforrunning100wor200wtropicalfishtankheatersetat2223oCelsiusinasealed10gallonplastictankinthebatterybankhousingin
winter,Inwintercloseofftheairventgapsandlinethewallsandroofwithcardboardasinsulation.Thehighqualitylifecycletemperaturebatteriesmusthaveheatduringwinter,anditwilldolittleagainstthe
mediumlowqualitywithalifecycleofonly10yearsat20oC)ofasolarhybridlamplightcontrolleror(controllers).Thisyoucanusea100w500whybridwindsolarkitwitha100w400wturbineandasmall20w
200wpanelanda12v10ahbattery,usethe"loadoutput"circuitfromthecontrollersettothenumber"alwayson"insummermonthsandformuchofAustraliasettothenumber"ononlyfordaylight"inwinter
months(!mustbehybridsystem).Thetwoholeswillrequiretobeblockedoffifwinterisparticularlycoldasitisinhighlandareas.
note:Thebatteriesinusearehighertemperature(highqualitylifecycleleadacid)batteries1600cyclesto30%DOD.
ANEXAMPLEofaparallel12vsettosetupthechargecontrollerparametersforthebatterybank:
Thismeansat20oCelsius"thebatteryisconsideredfullat13.6v"becauseoftemperature.(Calculatedfromdatasheetfor2.5vtypecellforeachofthesixcellsaddedtogether).
At20oCelsiusthebattery"capacityinAHislowerinrating"only80%forthetotalnominatedAHratingofmodeltypeofbattery(12v6cellleadacid).
Thesewerenominally40AHiwasusingsotheyarenow34AHat20oCelsius.
TheMeaning................:
Shouldhavesetthe"floatvoltagecharge"settingto13.4v
"overcharge"settingat:13.7v
"overchargerecovery"settingat13.5v
Batteryhousingandtemperaturecontrol(b)
Anothercriticalfactorofbatteryhousingsforthebatteriesistherequirementof"triplewalling(againstinfraredtransferbetweenouterandmidwalls)andatripleroof",anouterwallismadetoblockanydirect
sunlightasthesunmovesoverandaroundthehousing.Thisallowsmorecontrolledheatdissipationandblocksthedamagingsummerheat.Theseoutercoversectionsshouldnotbeclosedtoairrainwind(ina
contextofaperfectseal,excepttheroofplateofeachbeingwaterproofandtheinneractualhousingbeingwindrainsplashproof),leaveanairgapof10cmeachcorneroroverlaplength(asyoudesignit),and
shouldhaveaslittlecontactwiththeinnerwallaspossible"nocontactofanyformifpossibleinitsconstruction"(preventconductanceofheatbetweentheinnerandouterwallsandallowairflowtotakeaway
heat).Eachwallsetshouldbearoundonefoot(12inches)apartfromeachface(aboxwithinamidboxwithinanouterboxprincipal).
***Note:(Correctwire)Afeatureofaboveisa"smallpower"400wor300wwindturbine,theseturbinesareoftenthoughtbymanyDIYandpeoplewhomneedsomesmallelectricitysupplytobefaulty.However,
thefaultliesintheinstallerscomprehensionwithatechnicalproblemofwiring.CopperwireintheUSAhasastandardcalled#AWGrelatedtotheamperagethewirecancarrysafely,However,itsnotquitethe
problemhere!
Theproblemistheactualresistanceofthewireagainstcurrentoverlongdistances.Giventheaboveturbinesareusually12volt(someare24vothers48v)normalautomotivewirecanbeboughtcheapbutnot
effective.Sosomeonethinkstoputtheturbineup10meters,away40metersfromthehousewheretherearenotreesbutdoesnotrealise8mm2wireoratleast90amp12vwirewouldberequiredasminimumto
30meters.After20metersitshouldbe8mm2copperandlargeragaintocarrychargewithlowresistanceafter50meters.
Whathappenedisthe400wturbineisonlyproducing100wbecauseofnormalwindbutwhenitgetstothecontrollerthereisonly10wleftfromthetravelbecauseofresistance.Thethickerthewireandstrands
thelesstheresistance.6mm2istheusualsizeto20meters.
***Note:Rechargeablemulticellaccumulatorcellscurrentdirectionoperatesbybiasofthethroughputfromchargingandbatteryengineeringphysicsprincipally,henceusingsix12voltbatteriesinparallelisa
purerecipefordisasterbecauseasmanycellsareavailableinbiasedpowerpressureacross(aweirdbutnominallyelectricallycorrectshortcircuit)astherearealong(6seriescellsx6lineend(terminal)cells),
notupthenegativewireandonaroundthroughthecircuitloop.Theremustbelessparallellinesnumberofendcellsthantheserieslinehascells.
Thereisnotmuchworryofthatbecauseeachlineevenina120vDCratedsystemiseffectively60cellsofbiasandat12lines(12endcells)of"10x12vaccumulatorsinseries"that's60against12(or120against
12inalike240vDCsystem)forapropercircuitthroughputdirection.Eventhen,allthatmainlyoccursistheveryactionofhowchargingbatteriesoccursifonelineisalittleweak,itwillfillthatuntilitbalancesto
thesamevoltagepressure,soineffectnothingisexactlywrong.

(Ensuringbatteryservicelife)Settingthe"DumpLoad"onthechargecontrollerandBatteryLifeCycletotemperatureand"CAorC"capacity

Page 9 / 19

[note:RememberanInverterisadevicefortakingDCbatterybankandconvertingittoACpowersupplyvoltagee.g.240vac,so120vor240vbatterybankisDCandtheinverteroutputsyourpowersupplyatthe

(Ensuringbatteryservicelife)Settingthe"DumpLoad"onthechargecontrollerandBatteryLifeCycletotemperatureand"CAorC"capacity
[note:RememberanInverterisadevicefortakingDCbatterybankandconvertingittoACpowersupplyvoltagee.g.240vac,so120vor240vbatterybankisDCandtheinverteroutputsyourpowersupplyatthe
voltageyouspecifiedtothesupplieratordertime]
Thisisverytrickytoexplain.Butyouwillneedtounderstandaccumulator/batteryDataSheetsandtheirgraphsalittle
First,a"dumpload"isaresistorthechargecontrollerusestothrowawayexcessproducedelectricitywhenthebatterybankisfullorwhenthewindturbineisoverproducinginheavywind,orwhenappliances
arenotbeingusedsufficientlytodrawproducedcharge(forlackofbetterexpressionandsimplicity).
Therearetwofeaturesofthebatterybanksupplyforchargingtoconsiderfromadatasheetoftheaccumulatoryoubuyandusetosetthedumploadonthechargecontrollerforlongservicelife.
1.TherangeofDCbatterybankvoltagetheinverterisallowedtousee.g.a120vdc"rated"inverterwillbeallowedsomethinglikelowerend110volts(1.83voltspercell=11voltsperbattery)toupperbounds150
volts(2.5voltspercell=15voltsperbattery)
Thereasonforthisisbecausewhena12vdeepcyclebatteryisfullychargeditmeasuresnear15voltswhenfull.Whennearemptyitmeasures10voltsorlessdependingtemperatureandbatteryengineering
parametersofelectrolytetypeandplateconductordesign.
2.The"maximumcapacityofthebatteryataparticulartemperature"tomatchwhentosetthedumpload(ifsuchasettingiseverspecificallysuppliedforprogrammingusuallypresetinsideforturbinesystems)
asasyntheticsettingvaluetocommitdumpingrelatingthetemperature.
Onthedatasheetcanbefoundanumberofgraphssomecontainingalinethroughthegraphandanumberandeithertheletter"C"or"CA"withthenumber.Thatnumberonagraphplotlineisa"decimal
fraction"ofthe"C""C"hargecurrentavailableorinanothergraph"CA"the"CA"pacityatthattemperature.
Soyouwouldforanyqualityaccumulatorbankcalculatethevoltagethebankproducesdownoneseriesline(e.g.10batteriesina120vsystem)forthesettingtemperaturetovoltageregardingmainlyonlythe
qualityofthebatteries.
Thismeansyouwouldusetheproducedvoltagelevelat25degreesCelsiusforgoodqualitybatteriestonotexceedandthevoltage20degreesforthelowqualitybatteries.Soyourbankneverchargesbeyond
thatvoltage.
Thismeansyourbatterieswilllastlongerbecausetheyarenotdeterioratedbyoverchargingorchargeoverloading.Effectivelyonthenumberofcyclesbyratingatanypercentageatleastitremainsasmuchlead
asyoudeteriorateawaybynormalusage.
(PDF)HighQualityservicelifeTheaccumulatorisrated10yearsat30oCelsius(HighQuality)***Thesespecificationsaretheonestousebecausetheyneednocoolingandpotentiallycanlast12years,andonly
requiredoublewallingontheirencasingduringsummer.
(PDF)MediumQualityservicelifeTheaccumulatorisrated10yearsat20oCelsius(mediumquality14001600dischargesto30%DOD)**ThisisOKbutrequirestriplewallingagainstdirectsunlightinsummer.
(PDF)MediumQualityservicelifeTheaccumulatorisrated10yearsat20oCelsius(alowendmediumquality)**ThisisOKbutrequirestriplewallingagainstdirectsunlightinsummer.
(PDF)LowQualityservicelifeTheaccumulatorisrated8yearsat20oCelsius(lowquality)*Youwouldusethistypeifyouweremakingasmalldeepcycledsystemthatwasmoderateindailydischargee.g.to
40%DODor50%DOD"roughly",meaningyouunderstandtheirlifecyclewillbehowmuchyouuse.
Afinalnoteaboutbatterybankshedsandbuildings,thetemperaturesensorforcharginglevelcompensationrequiresthecontrollers(s)tobeintheshedwiththebatteriessomuchofthewallingsystemcan
dependonthesideofyourhouseyoubuildtheshedonto,buttwothingtoremember,1.alineofbatteriesinseriescanweigh150Kgfor120vor96vseriesstring.2.Thesideofthehouseyoubuildtheshedonto
dependingthedirectionyourhousefacesandwherethegeneratorwiresneedtoruntodetermineexactlywhichwallsgetdirect(andinrarecircumstancesuchasbrightwallsandwhiteconcretereflectedlight
inclusiveclosewallsaccrossreturninginfrared)sunlight,andwhichwallstodoubleortriplewall.Ifyoucan,cutaholeinthewallinthesideofyourhousetowindowpanethecontrollersbehindsotheconsoles
areusabletoviewforpoweroutput(note:someofthesecontrollerscanbeprefittedwithacomputerUSBconnectorinfodumptoPCandPCsoftware,howfarittransmitsproperlyonwiresidonotknow).

Theproblemwithoffgridpower
Ifthesizeoftheoffgridpowersystemisenough,NOTHINGisaproblemexceptcostofacquiringandinstallingsuchasystem.
Somedifficulties:
1.Largeenoughpoweryieldpanelsettoharvestdirectpowerthroughthechargecontrollerisatleast5Kwofpanels,7Kwratingofpanelspreferred.
2.UnderstandingsolarpanelsthemselveshavevariedyieldofKwrelatingtotemperature(notlighting),e.g.over35degreesCelsiuspanelelectricityproductiondecreasesuntil75oCandisonly80%efficient,
becauseofthesizeofhotwaterservicesandstoveovensatleast5Kwofpanelsminimumandhighendusageofwashingandcookinginsummershouldbebetween8am10amand4pm6pm.
Examplemanufacturergraphinformation:a.(PDF)SolarPanelresearchPakistanb.Sanyo210wsolarpanelwithpowerefficiencygraphinformationandat75oC
3.smallwindturbinesarenotfavorablebelow5Kwbecausewindspeedisoftenonlyhalftheproductionspeedratingoftheturbineatbestuntilwindyweather.e.g.a10Kwwindturbinewillgenerallyonlybe
producing1.5kwto2kwmostofthetime.
4.windcurrentsflowfastermetershighertheairstreamsaltitudesaboveground(from10metersandbelowthereistoomuchslowingturbulencefromtreesandgroundlayerairmovement),placethewind
turbinehigherforgreaterefficiency.e.g.at6meterspoleheight3m/s,at10meterspoleheight5m/s,at15meterspoleheight6.5m/s.Thetoweronanoffgridshouldalwaysbeatleast15metershigh(thisis
justapointaboutthepercentile(statisticsmeasuredpoints)layersofwindp/meter,lowwindareasshouldreallyusealarge8kwor10kwwindturbinegenerator).
5.Generallythereismorewindinsummerthanwinterandthereareonly4hoursofgoodproductivelightforpanelsduringwinter.Thismeansthesystemmustbehybridandrequiresatleast5Kwofpanelsand
5Kwofwindturbinegenerator.
6.ThebatteriesrequiretobeallexactsamemodelandagewithanaverageDODratingto30%ofaround14001600dischargecyclesofuse.
7.Thebatterieswillbeatransportloadofaround23tonne.
8.Theoffgridkitwillbearound1tonneweight,anda10Kwwindturbineweighs300Kg,a5Kwturbineweighs130Kg(approximateestimateonly).
*9.*Thebiggestproblemishowtosafelymount30orso1mx1.7mpanelsagainstgaleforcewindorlargelivestock(2.5metersaboveground)andspaceforthearrays,Asmuchhowtoraise600Kgofwindturbine
andtowertoverticalandseatitsolidly.

Anoteaboutinverters(balancingdutyload)
Oneparticularproblemisinverteroutputsize.Atleast10Kwbutthatrequiresbeingextremelycarefultonotoverloaditduringcookingorhotwaterusewhileotherappliancesareinuse.The15Kwinverterisonly
halfthesizeofanormaldomestichouseinverter"foundonanetworkelectricitypole(30Kw)".Whileyoucanputtwo"offgridinverters"ontothesamebatterybank,undernocircumstanceeverplacethemonthe
samecircuitfortheiroutput.Thisisbecauseoffgridinvertersproducethepowerfromthesamesourceandparticularlytheresonanceofthe50Hzsystemswillnotbeatinphase.Thislastpointisregardlessof
transformertypesortransformerlessinverters,theybothneedproperpoweroutputqualityofresonanceoccurringinphase.
Whatshouldbedoneishave(acquireinthedeal)twoinvertersandputtwoinverters(pairof:10kw'sor8kw'sor5kw's)on"twoseparatedifferentACoutputcircuitwiringsets"e.g.Hotwater,washingmachine
anditsroomandairconditioneronone,theotherinverterwiththestovehotplatesandoven,fridgesotherroomse.t.c..

ADVANTAGE:
Thecostofelectricityisalwaysrisingbutbecausethislevelofsystem(15kW)canSAFELYcopewiththedayswhenlittlewindorlittlesunlightoccurs(althougha10Kw5Kwsolarplus5KwwindwillbeOKifyou
arepreparedtobecarefulofconsumptiononthefewto2weeksworthoffaysinayearthatcouldoccur),itwillproduceenoughelectricityforoveruseongooddaysallowingextrashowering,cleaningandother
activitiesduringsunnyweatherto5Kw/husage,or3kwusageinwindyweather.Waterheatingnolongerhasacarbonfootprintforwashingmachines,airconditionerswillnolongerbepayingpremiumondays
over40degreesCelsius.Morethanthis,winteriscoldand2Kwofbarelementheaterscanbeusedwithnocarbonfootprint.
Becauseofthemuchhighersizeofgeneratorcapacitytodirectlyuseelectricityduringbatterychargingthebatterieswilldischargemuchlessandallowalongerlifeofmaybe10years.In10yearsyouwillhave
usedtwicetheelectricityyouwouldwithmainspower.*ThisisallbecauseonthefewdaysayearwhenthesundoesnotshineandthewinddoesnotblowthesystemMUSTKEEPTHEBATTERIESATOR
ABOVE10percentdischarge(DOD)[90%full]orthebatterieswilldeterioratetoofastafter.
[(NOTE:Thefollowingparagraphisalmostredundantinherefromnewerresearchandwaswrittenasoneoftheearliestdrafts)WhiletheaverageAustralianHouseiscertainlycapableofdrawing15Kwallatthe
onetime,"gridmimic"operationcannotbedonewithouthavingatleasttwo8Kwortwo10Kwinvertersastwodifferentappliancesupplycircuitsystems]5Kwsystemsof3000wwindand2000wsolarwith"two
5Kwoutputinverter"havethepointusuallyonlyofpricebutaregoodfor"mediumtohighwindareaslikemountainregionswithhousesattopsofhillsandfrom20Kminlandtothecoastline"(thiscanbea10Kw
windonlysystemifitisahighwindaverageareaatthetopofamountainorhill)andmoreavailablein120vbatterybankspecificationbywhichmeansbatteryquantityboughtcanbe80batteriesof80ahorlarger
"ah"batteries.
10Kwinvertersonlyhavetheproblemtonothaveusedthehotwatersystembeforeusingtheovenandhotplatesforcooking(YoucannotloadanormalAustralianhouseusingonlyoneinverter!!!).Whenthat
levelofcookingoccursthecurrentdrawwillonlyallowanairconditionerortelevisionandradioandverysmallappliancestooperatewhilethatisoccurringbecausetheinvertercircuitbreakerwillswitchoffthe
inverterifitgetsoverloaded.It'sjustalittleeasytodowitha10Kwinverterwhenhotwaterorawashingmachineandrefrigeratorsareinoperation.Technicallyonlytheovenandtwohotplateplacesonthestove
areusablebecauseofrefrigeratorandfreezer.

WhatdoesitrequiretooperateanAustralianhouseandwithasolarwindhybridoffgridsystem?
Generallyitrequires:
1.15Kw240vac50Hzpowerinverteroreither3phaseorpuresinewavetypeandforappropriatespecifiedbatterybankvoltage
2.100piecesx(12v80ahdeepcyclebatteries"SEALEDNOMAINTENANCEVRLA/SLAorAGM")in5parallelstringsof20for240vdc(voltsDC)or50150ahdeepcyclebatteriesin5parallelstringsof10at
120vdc(voltsDC).
3.Awindturbinegeneratorofatleast5kw"ratedpower"preferred8Kwor10Kwratedwindturbinegeneratorofappropriatevoltageandcurrentoutputratingforthecontrolercharger.
4.minimum5kwofsolarpanels(at250wp/panelmakes20panelsarea)but7Kwpreferred
5.Aspecialchargecontrollerforhybridsystemofmatchingbatterybankvoltageandmatchingboththepanelsandwindturbinevoltages
6.appropriatecorrectspecificationwiring(abletotaketheKwlevelfromthepartsandtransferitfromtheparts)
7.Extrastructurestomountpanels,housebatteriessafefromfloodandweather,andmounttheturbine.
DonotconfuseKiloWatt(Kw)withKiloWatthours(Kw/h)
example:1kw/hisequalto"500wbeingusedfor2hours".
Itrequiresa"15KiloWattpowerinverter"foralmostnormaluseasminimumcomparedtothenetworkmainselectricity(30Kwpowerinverteronyourstreetpole),butsmallercarefullymanagedactivitiescanusea
"10KiloWattpowerinverter"butwillexperiencedifficultywithhighcurrentdrawactivitieswhenmanyappliancesareinuse,suchashotwater,airconditioningandcookingwithhottopsandovenorgrill
elementgrate.Thereasonisthatanyappliancebutparticularlyappliancesusinganelectricmotorsrequire5xto10xthecurrentatnormaloperatinglevelforashortperiodof310secondswhenstartinge.g.a
300wfridgewhenstartingdraws3000wforasecondortwoandasthemotorspeedscurrentdrawdecreasesdownto300w.
Themostdeviousofmachinesinthehouseisthewashingmachine,thisisbecauseitcommitsanactionofagitationrequiringsomesurgepowerevery12secondscausingsuddendrawsoittendstouseat5
timesitsratinganddraws10timesitspowerunderloadatstartup.
Atypicalexampleofrequiredcurrent(nonsurgelevel).

Page 10 / 19

elementgrate.Thereasonisthatanyappliancebutparticularlyappliancesusinganelectricmotorsrequire5xto10xthecurrentatnormaloperatinglevelforashortperiodof310secondswhenstartinge.g.a
300wfridgewhenstartingdraws3000wforasecondortwoandasthemotorspeedscurrentdrawdecreasesdownto300w.
Themostdeviousofmachinesinthehouseisthewashingmachine,thisisbecauseitcommitsanactionofagitationrequiringsomesurgepowerevery12secondscausingsuddendrawsoittendstouseat5
timesitsratinganddraws10timesitspowerunderloadatstartup.
Atypicalexampleofrequiredcurrent(nonsurgelevel).
Thebelowtablenow(updatedandchanged)hasan*asterisksymboltoindicatehowuntruecurrentsurgeandusagevalueisoftenshownonothersitesinformation.Thehighestvalueistheminimumconstant
powersupplysizeofinvertershouldbeused.
Thebelownexttablehasrecentlybeenadjustedbecauseofmeasuringsomevaluesandfindingthemnotmentionedproperlyinclusivethesitethistablehadoriginated
(http://energy.gov/energysaver/articles/estimatingapplianceandhomeelectronicenergyuse)from.
Somelinksrelatinghotwatersystemsshowing"Kw"heaterelementsizesformodels.
(PDF)Duxhotwatersystems[Inacrobatpdfapp.presscntrl+Fkeysandtype"Kw"inthesearch]
(PDF)Rheemhotwatersystems[Inacrobatpdfapp.presscntrl+Fkeysandtype"Kw"inthesearch]
(PDF)WiringManualofhotwatersystems

NOTE:Airconditioner"Kw"KiloWattsrefersto"heatenergyremovalcoolingability",NOTelectricalinputalthoughbothcanbetogetherlabelledinadocumentonthe
subject!
(PDF)AirConditioningpowerconsumptionresearchinformation(alsoWELSWaterEfficiencyLabellingandStandards)
(PDF)AirConditioningandheatingtypes,powerconsumptionresearchinformation(alsoWELSe.t.c.)
"vaguely"averagerequiredcurrent(nosurge)
Airconditioner

3000w

4stovehotplates/placesonhigh

8000w

ovenelement

15002500w

grillelement

10002000w

refrigerator

100700w

freezer

100700w

Domestichotwatersystem

1.5Kw3.6Kw

lighting

500w1000w

desktop(large)computerandperipherals

1000w1500w

stereorecordplayerradio

1000w

digitaltelevision

200w500w

electricfrypan

2000w

32LtMicrowave

*4000wpeaking

airexhaustfan

300w

washingmachine

*4000wpeaking

Clothesdryerorbarheater

1500w

ImportationdealsandHowtotalktothesupplier
First,Youshouldalwaysbuyunder"CIF"tradepaymentterms(actualmoneytransferisbestdonebyyourbanktotheirbankinternationalT/T).NOTE:ItisseriouslyadvisiabletohaveAUD2000moreinthe
accountper10,000ofcost(andmuch"alikeratioofextra"intinyonlineinternationaltransfers/paymentsonexpresssitese.g.ebay)
CIFmeans"CostInsuranceFreight",However"freight"onlymeansinthisinstancetoSydneyportormaybeBrisbaneorDarwinwhereACBPStakeoverfromshipunloading.TheonlyothertousehereinDIY
importis"EXW"whichmeans"EXWorks"whichisnotquiteasdescribedinthisinstanceduetonationalboundarydifficulties.EXWcanbelikenedtoCIFwithouttheinsurance.
Thereisacommonmethodofimportthebiggunsusewhichiscalled"FOB",FOBmeans"freeonboard"whichasyouwouldexpectofjargoncanbearlittlerelationtowhatthewordsare.
FOBmeanstheproductisyoursandyourresponsibilitywhentheproductisloadedontoyourtruckandleavesthedoorsofthefactory/warehouseproperty.Notransportorinsuranceisinvolvedinitsprice.
FOBisalsousedasapickpackingfeenotationofgettingreadyanorder.
Talkingtothesupplier(actually"emailonly"isbestforlanguagereasons)
ThesuppliersalespeopleobviouslydonothaveperfectEnglishlanguageskills,butgoodenoughifyourephraseanythingtheydidnotunderstand.Neitheraretheythereforachatand.."howstheweather"...
AllyouneeddoisuseconciseplainEnglishandtheEN_usspellcheckerinWordorOpenOfficetocreateaclearsimplemessageyouwishsomepricingandinformationbrochuresoftheirproduct,thenplace
themessageintothe"tradesite"supplierrequestformonitsadvertisingpage(asordinarytextpastedin).
Hereisanexampleofamessagetoinitiateinformationrelatingaccumulatorproducts.
However,firstyouwouldfindtheproductonasitesuchasigainedmostofthisinformation,alibaba.comandalsosignupintotheirmessagingcommunicationrepositorysystemwithyouremailaddresstouseit
asaprincipalmethodofcommunicationmessagingalongwithmessagecopiestoyouremailaddress(Yesyoudogetsomebasicadvertisingmailfromthembutitcouldperhapsinterestyou,yournottalkingnic
naceconomicsanyhowsojustignoreitordeleteitifitdoesnotinterestyou,acceptingitispoliterforbothofyou).
Ifyoucannotreadtheinformationinadvertisementsproperly(therearemanylanguagetypos)ontheirsiteoritdoesnotgiveclearinformationorisnotaverifiedsupplier,ignoretheadvertisement,donotbother
withaskingthroughthatadvertisementatleast,simplyfindsomeotheradvertisementsorsuppliergivingtherequiredinformation.
Dearsir/madam
Doyouhave12volt40ah65ah80ahdeepcycleaccumulatorswiththeserequirementspecifications
atleast1400dischargesto30percentDODminimum10yearslifecyclespanusageat30degreesCelsius
(orminimum10yearsat25degreesCelsius)
andwhatwouldbetheCIF80piecesquotebeforeachtypeifyoudohavethemwiththespecifications.
Thankyou.

HereisanexampleforawindHybridsystemtoinitiateinformation.Thefirstlineisactuallypartoftheirtradesitepageform(..."WhatistheFOBpriceonyourWindSolarHybridpowersystem,Cheap20KWwind
solarpower,Homewindandsolarhybridsystem."...),NOTE:Innumbersrefertoaheadingonthetradesitepageofthetypeof"UNIT"quantityinuseforthatproducte.g."pieces"or"sets"!
WhatistheFOBpriceonyourWindSolarHybridpowersystem,Cheap20KWwindsolarpower,Homewindandsolarhybridsystem.
andWhatwouldbeasingleorder(1set)priceofthe15kw120v3phaseHybridpowersystem(ItsMOQis2notone)?
TheseaportwouldbeeitherSydneyorMelbourneAustralia.
Thankyou,waitingforreply.

Justrememberitsnotapointifthereisalittleextrainformationorthesentencestheyusecouldbeconstructedbetter,itdoesinessencedothejobrequiredincontextoftheproductanddon'tasktoomany
questionsatonceperemail.Itcanbeadayortwobeforeareplybecausetheyprocessrequestsallovertheworld.
Sothereisnoneedforthis.

Whenyouplaceyourorder,youwilloftenbechargedaFOBpickpackingfeeandwillrequireoftentopay30%oftotalcostupfrontbeforethepickpackingoccurs(ThesupplierwillsendyoutheT/Tbanking
informationinwhichaccounttosendmoney).
Whentheorderisready,theywillthennotifyyoutopaytheremaining70%andanyothercharges.
Whenpaying,takenoteofthemethodsatthetopoftheadvertisingpagetheyhaveinthe"tradesites"forthe"methodofpayment".SomeuseWesternUnion,T/TorL/C.
However,themostsensiblemethodisT/Tfromyourbank.

Page 11 / 19

Whenyouplaceyourorder,youwilloftenbechargedaFOBpickpackingfeeandwillrequireoftentopay30%oftotalcostupfrontbeforethepickpackingoccurs(ThesupplierwillsendyoutheT/Tbanking
informationinwhichaccounttosendmoney).
Whentheorderisready,theywillthennotifyyoutopaytheremaining70%andanyothercharges.
Whenpaying,takenoteofthemethodsatthetopoftheadvertisingpagetheyhaveinthe"tradesites"forthe"methodofpayment".SomeuseWesternUnion,T/TorL/C.
However,themostsensiblemethodisT/Tfromyourbank.
ImportedItemssizeandweightandpackingmethod
BothyourselfandACBPScustomsneedstoknowthetypeofpackingandweightseachpieceofcargowillbe(bothNetandGrossweights).Thisyoumayneedtopromptthesuppliertotellyouwhenyou
finaliseyourorderwiththembeforeanypayment.Rememberyoucanonlyuseseafreightbecauseofcostandthecargoloadbeingextremelyheavy.Thepackagingsizeandsizeunitsandalsoweightand
weightunitsforeachpiecewhetheraccumulatorsonapalletora350Kgwindturbineonaspecialcustompalletinawoodencartonortheguywiretoweronapalletinvariouscartonsallneedtobeaccounted
forrecognitionandhandlingbyACBPScustomsandforyoutochecksumandhandlewhenyouobtainitfromthecustomswarehouse.
Asimportantly,allthatinformationwillberequiredtobefilledintothe"N10importdeclarationform"forcustomsintheICSelectronicCargosupportsystem.

Moneyandpayment"PersonalImport(CCIDnoABN)"
Generally,youcanuseamajorbankandTT(TelegraphicTransfer)butthereareminordifferencestotheexchangerateyouseeonthemediaandstockexchangefinancialreportingbytypesoftransfer.When
placinganorder,sometimesFOBfeeisrequiredwiththe30%oftotalgoodsvalueispaidbeforepackingtheorder(usuallyonlythe30%prepaidbeforepackinganorder),whenthatisdoneandready,theother
70%isaskedforandthegoodssentwhenthatlast70%ispayedintothesuppliersaccount.
*note:PricingoncommercialexporttradesitesofChinaPRCareusuallyexpressedasUSDforeasiercomprehensionofcost.AcquiringrequiresaknowledgeofAUDtoUSDcurrencyexchangerates,
internationalbankingmethodssuchasT/TTeleTransfer,bulkbuyingdealsandpackingfeesF.O.B.fees,CIF(CostInsuranceFreighttoseaportonlynote:ChinaonlyshipstoBrisbaneorSydneyportsnoothers)
,portdockhandlingchargeswithdockspacerentcharges,and,GSTtax(11%),customstariff(5%totalvalue),CCIDCustomsCustomerIDentitynumberorABN.Transportationandpickupchargesfromfreight
companies(Youshoulduseanappropriatesizetruckto4.5tonneGVM,andliftequipmentwithyourownclassCdriverslicensenotatransportcompany)andhandlingchargesoftypessuchas"lifttruckrequired"at
bothends.

Installing
Requiredspacefora15Kwhybridsystemis10metersx20metersgroundarea(morelike20Mx20Mbutwith1.5tonnecableratingeachguidecableandsetat10mheightonthetowerneckwouldbeOKfor
10x20),however,solarpanelsrequirelocating2metersabovegroundatleasttopreventlargelivestockdamagingthem,ontheflipsideofthisthe15kwkits30panelsrequire3lines10meterslongfourmeters
aparteach.Apartaholeforeachtrellisleg1meterdeeptocementtheleginto,Thisrequires3.0mmx40mmx40mmSHSsquaresteelsectionsofsixlegs("3x(3meter)front"and"3x(4.5meter(approx))back"
and"2x(3meter)2.0mmx20mmx20mmSHSfrontsub"and"2x(4.5meter(approx.))2.0mmx20mmx20mmSHSrearsub")eachtenmeterlineofpanelmounts,and4subsupportlegsbetweenp/10meter
line.
Thelegsshouldbeplacedinaholedugwithapostdigger1meterdeepandtheholefilledwithconcrete(withtheuprightleginitbeforepouringinthecement)toholddownthesailstructure.Toensureitholdsin
thecement,drillaholeatthebottomofeachlegandplaceaboltthroughitprotrudinganincheithersidetoactasananchorinthecement.

Therestismainlyangleasarimandsomearchsupportfromlegstorimmidpoints.Afinalnoteaboutthepanelrowtables,thepanelsdorequirebackingstrutsweldedinaspartoftherimacrossfromtoprimto
bottomrim,thesearetopreventpanelcompressioningaleforcewinds,alledgesofeachpanelmustbefasteneddowntopreventwindcompressiontorsion.
Theguywiretowerswiresrequire5metersatminimumradiuspointsfromthecenterofthetowerand1.5tonnecableSWL/WLL.LiftingthetowermayaswellbeancientEgyptiantricksbutdon'tforgetbeforeit
becomesverticalitcancontinuetotraveldowntheothersideoftheliftpathpastvertical.Second,don'tletitswayfromsidetosideorthebasewhereitispivotingwillslipoutanddowngoes5000ofwind
turbine.
A5kwor10kwwindturbineandtowerweighneartoorjustover1tonne,NEVERtrytouseawalltosupportsuchatower,itwillsimplyteardownthewholewall.
note:LengthsofKwratedelectricalwiring(forbotheitherwindorsolar)aregenerallyofferedinsomelengthsorcustomlengthswiththesekitsastakeorleave,sothereisnothinglikethecorrectwireforthejob.
Toeconomicallydoallthis,learntoweld(AdultlearningcenterorTAFEbasichandymancourseforwelding)witheitheraMIGorArcstickelectricwelder,Arcstickelectricwelderisthebetterbecauseoftheangles
youwillneedtogetatthejointsonthepanelsupportframetableyoubuild,Generallyacheap"arcstickwelder"uptoaround130amps"and"an8Kvageneratorwith240vAC15ampoutletcostsaround700
800forboth,althougha130ampgaslessMIGweldingmachinecanrunwitha5Kvageneratoror4kvageneratorandorfroma10amp240vsocketatapprox600forboth.Youshouldnotrequirebeyonda
3.25mmelectrodewithsome2.5mmelectrodesformildsteel.
note:TheselinkstoequipmentsalesandsuppliesareheretohelpshowexactlythepiecesandproblemsolutionsoflogisticsofDIY
GaslessMIGwelderebay.com.au
4Kvaportablegenerator
Wireless4000LBS/1814kg12VBoatATV4WDElectricWinchAU99.90(postageAU34.90StandardPostage)
ImportantInstallnotes:
*neverraisethewindturbineorspinituntilitisconnectedtoitscontrollerandthecontrollerisboth"on"and"connectedtothebatterybank"ready.Spinningitwithoutconnectioncancauseinternalarcingand
destroytheturbinegenerator.
*neveruseanyelectricwelderonframesandpiecesofmetalconnectedtoorwithcloseproximateortouchingupontheshieldingofsensitiveelectriccomponentsortouchinganyelectricaldevicewithearthing
wiresconnectedtotheweldedmaterial.Thiswillorcaneasilycausedamagetocircuitryoftheotherelectricalequipment.
*DonotconnectPVarraysorturbinetothecontrolleruntilthecontrollerisconnectedtothebatterybankandready,ANDthedumpload(goodreasonforcompletekitsystemstoo)resistorsystemisconnected.
*Largeinvertersdonothavepowersockets,neitheraretheterminalsforthe240vACcircuitoutput"hotwire"typeasfromaninvertertransformerelectricitygridsystem,currentgenuinelyalwaysflowsoneside
thenbacktheotherwayincyclepairs.
*Itisagoodideatoincorporateafuseboxforeachcircuit.Somesuchasthehotwaterheatercircuitmayneeda20Afusewire.
*Whenconnectingtheairconditionercircuitifitsaroofevaporativetype,itmaybea240vDCcircuitandtheconnectionshouldhappenfromoneterminalbehinditsdiodeboxifDCtype.Theamperage
requirementsforthemodelforafuseneedtobedetermined.
*Whenplacingthewindturbineontopofthemountingarea,(regardlesswhethermountingitonthe3meterguytowertubetopsectionoranythingelseanyotherway)blockthegapsbetweenthewiresthat
leavetheturbinebase,andalwayscutathinrubbergasketandusesomesealanttopreventwaterenteringthebaseoftheturbine.Asmuchawindydayandraincanatomisewaterparticlesanditcanblowina
microscopicmistupmanymetersoftubetotheturbineelectricwiringoutletinitsbasecausingcorrosionandpossiblyarcingorshortcircuit.Alwayscarefullysealthoseareasandgapsorjointsassafepractice
oryoucouldloseapproximately4000worthofturbine(a5Kw)justfromthat.
*Ithappenstobeagoodidea(economically)togetthekitsbelowthatarewitha12m(ortallerifoffered)guywiretowerbecauseofcostofbuildingafreestandtoweranditsrequirements.Afreestandtoweras
muchforanoffgridsystemshouldbeaminimumof12metershightositabovetreetopaircurrentturbulence(andsitinthehighermeteorologicalmeasuredpercentilelayerofwind).
*Ifyoubuildafreestandtoweralwaysrememberthattosafelyholditupabasicextraof1/5thofitstotallengthmustbeundergroundencapsulatedincement(example:a12metertowerisnowineffect1440cm
or14.4meterslongwith2metersand40cmofitundergroundencapsulatedbycement(atleast1meterdiametercementeachlegorifsinglepole1.5meterradius).1/5thextraisaddedlengthwhethera20Kw
turbineora300wturbinesystem)whetherasolidpipebaseor3(tripod)or4legsofanEiffeltype.Anyfreestandtowerbasejoiner"mustsupport"atleastaround1tonneofmildsteeltowerflexing(extremely
minimal)inagaleforcewind.

Page 12 / 19

*Anotherpartofconcretingthetowerbaselegsistheholeforeachinsertionmustbeatleast1footdeeperthanthetowerbaselengthwithareadysolidbottomcement.Thelegsofthetowerrequiretobekept

*Ifyoubuildafreestandtoweralwaysrememberthattosafelyholditupabasicextraof1/5thofitstotallengthmustbeundergroundencapsulatedincement(example:a12metertowerisnowineffect1440cm
or14.4meterslongwith2metersand40cmofitundergroundencapsulatedbycement(atleast1meterdiametercementeachlegorifsinglepole1.5meterradius).1/5thextraisaddedlengthwhethera20Kw
turbineora300wturbinesystem)whetherasolidpipebaseor3(tripod)or4legsofanEiffeltype.Anyfreestandtowerbasejoiner"mustsupport"atleastaround1tonneofmildsteeltowerflexing(extremely
minimal)inagaleforcewind.
*Anotherpartofconcretingthetowerbaselegsistheholeforeachinsertionmustbeatleast1footdeeperthanthetowerbaselengthwithareadysolidbottomcement.Thelegsofthetowerrequiretobekept
fromcontactwithearthtolowerthepossibilityofalighteningstrike.Donotputalightningpolewithin80metersofthetower.Toalsoassistlightningstrikeprevention,paintthebaremetalofthetowerwithan
outdoorhightemperatureplastictypepaint.
*Alwaysobtaintheguywiretoweranditspartswiththekit,it'sthecheapestinclusivehavingtotransportit.Thekitwillrequireyoutohireatleasta2tonnevanwithhydraulictaillift.Askthekitsupplieriftheguy
cablesarepartoftheequipmentandifanyotherpiecessuchasthecentralanduppercablepoleclampsareinclusive(Neverpresume).
*Ifyourequiretogetandputinyourownanchorpinsfortheguycables(stabilizercables).Thegroundpinsshouldallgo1.5metersdownandbeatleastencasedincement1footdiameter(encasingisalsoto
preventelectricalearthing).Suchapinonlyneedbeprotrudingnomorethan30cm(1.8mlongtotal)abovegroundandbeofextraheavygalvanizedtube(e.g.8mmwall)setinthecenterofthecement.
*guycables(stabilizercables)maybeinaformatofsetof6or8(3fromthetopand3fromthemiddle,or,4fromthetopand4fromthemiddle).
*Youwillpotentiallyneedalittlehelpfromahiredtransportablemobilecraneifyoudonotunderstandtheengineeringandsafety(particularlydelicatevaluableloads)of"slinging"liftingactions.("LF"forklift
licenseworkcoverNSWtheorybookletscanhelp,ifyoucomprehendtheengineeringreasonsin"jibs"andfork"loadcenterdistancewithheight"slingingshouldnotbeaproblemtoyoutodevisesomeancient
Egyptianmethod).
Ifthatdoesnotinspireyoutocheckfirstanddothingscorrectly(thinkitthroughcarefullyfirstandcheckitisright,"don'tevertry"something),maybethiswill....

Guywiringthetower
=====================
Twothingsyouneedtoknowaboutsettingpositionofthefasteningpegsfortheguywires.
1.Thelengththeguywiresshouldbe.
2.Theexactaccuratepositioninthelayoutthepegsshouldbeplaced.
Todothisyouwillneedtounderstandalittlesimplemathsof...
1.Rightangletriangles.
2.Equalateraltriangles.
Butnotmuchifyoureallydon'twantbecausethereisundefinedextralengthyoumustaddforhandlingtojoinandtieoffattheends,soaccuracywillbeeasyenoughwithashortsquarerootmethod.
Firstwe'llfindtheguywirelengthrequired(calculatormethod).
Thetoweris12meterstallbuttokeeptheturbinebladesclearofthewirestheguywireswillbefastenedtothetowerat10meters.
second,thepegforthefirstguywirewillbe7metersawayfromthebaseofthetowerpole.
Witharightangletrianglethe"trianglebase"isthe10meterside.Theextrasideisthe7metersalongthegroundtothepegfromthetowerpolebase.
Thewirefromuptopatthe10meterpointonthetowertothepegistherightangletriangle"hypotenuse".
Sotofindthelengthofguywirerequiredfromtherightangletriangleruleis:
(7x7[is7squared]=49)+(10x10[is10squared]=100)=149squaremeters.
Youusethesquarerootof149astheabsoluteminimumlengthofcabletomakeanyoneofthethreeguywires.
Thesquarerootof149=12.2metersisanupperguywirelength.
Squarerootcalculator
Findingtheguywirelengthbynoncalculatormethodapartapieceofstring,althoughyoucantakethestringlengthandaddedextraforjoiningtowhereveryougetcablefromchopped,butthisisusually
unpracticalandyouneedtogetacableeachofthecorrectminimumlengthwithsomehandlingandjoiningextralengthonit.
Formathematicalaberrantaccuracysake,itiseasytousethesumofthesquaresoftheothertwosideswhichintheexampleis149sqm.
Whatwedoisfindthetwointegersquarerootsthats'squaringresultsareaboveandbelowtheexamples149sqm.
Youmayneedtodothiswithpenandpaperbutlongmultiplicationatthislevelisquiteeasy(easyonapieceofpaperortoscratchinthedirt).
12mx12m=144sqm(below149)
13mx13m=169sqm(above149)
To"theoreticallyasaberration"findthesquareof12.5m(12metersand50centermeters)
toexamineifitiscloseto149subtractby169144=25
thendivideitby2andaddtheremainderto144soitisasizethatisexactlymidwaybetweenthetwointegersquareresultsrepresenting12.5astheroot.
25/2=12.5(incidentally)
12.5+144=156.5sqm
Thisnowrepresentsanaberrationalsizingofsquareandsquarerootmidwayinrelationalsize.
tomaketheaberrationalsquareroot12.25toseeifitiscloserdivide12.5/2=6.25tomakeitonlyaquarter(0.25isaquarterindecimal)ofthewayfrom144sqmtheresultofthelowerintegersquareroot12.
nowadd144+6.25=150.25sqm(that'sprobablyasgoodasitcaneversafelyaccuratelygetto149sqmasrelational)
12metersand25centermetersappearstobethebasiclengthrequiredtoaddjoinerandhandlingextratofortheguywire.
Alwaysusetheclosestabovesizeforthisroughaccuracytricktoensurethingsreach.
[Note:Motorhomesandcaravanscanoftenonlycram400wofsolarpvpanelsontheroofatmost,butthisisonlyeffectiveduringdaylight.Witha300wor400wwindturbineanda6.5mlong,50mm
diameter(usuallythesize),with4mmwallaluminiumpoleitwouldaddenoughtohelpatbatterychargingovernightandsundryassistanceduring240voutputinverteruse.Smallwindturbinesare5kgto8kgat
thebeforementionedwattlevels]

Second,weneedtoknowwheretoplacetheothertwopegsaccurately.Oddlybecauseweareusingthreeguywiresaroundthetowerpolewehaveaneasywayifweuseanequilateraltriangle.
ThistimewearealsopartlyusingancientEgyptianmeasuringtricks,butfirstunderstandtheprincipleofwhytodothisusinganequilateral!
Weneedtofindtheexactpointrelatingboththetowerbaseandthefirstpegtoplacetheothertwopegsevenlyapart.
Anequalateraltrianglehasallitsinternalcornerangles(acute)as60degreesangle,theyareallthesameangle.
Thesidesofanequilateraltriangleareallthesamelength.
Thismeansfromtheexactmidpointbetweenapairofcorners,wecouldusethatpointtodrawastraightlinefromittothethirdseparateoppositetrianglecornertoachieveitas30degreesfromthatopposite
cornerpointandeithersidetothemidlinewemade.
However,wecannotquitedothatthroughthetowerbaseasmidpoint.
Whatwedoknowisthatifweweretousetheonlypeginplacewehaveandweusethetowerbasepositionforastraightlineitwillbeoneofthesidesthesamelength(7meters)asthetwootherswewouldmake
ifwearrangethesetwoothersideswiththepegandbasepointsideallthesamelength.
Yougettwopiecesof7meterrope,stretchbothoutabsolutestraightwitheachtouchingononetipandtheothertwotips,onetouchesthepegtheothertiptouchesthetowerbase.
Nowwehaveanequilateralwecanusetohelpcreatea30degreeslinefromthepegononeside,andagainthesameactiontohelpmakea30degreesdirectedlinetointersecttheotherpegpositionontheother
side.
30degreesononesideplus30degreesontheothersidemakes60degrees,soourstarterpegisbecomingonecornerofamuchlargerequilateraltriangle.
Now"measuretheexact(foldtohalfandplaceamarkerpin)"midpointpositiononthepieceofropeorstringtouchingthetowerononeendandtouchestheotherropeontheothertip(midpointofthesidePage

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Yougettwopiecesof7meterrope,stretchbothoutabsolutestraightwitheachtouchingononetipandtheothertwotips,onetouchesthepegtheothertiptouchesthetowerbase.
Nowwehaveanequilateralwecanusetohelpcreatea30degreeslinefromthepegononeside,andagainthesameactiontohelpmakea30degreesdirectedlinetointersecttheotherpegpositionontheother
side.
30degreesononesideplus30degreesontheothersidemakes60degrees,soourstarterpegisbecomingonecornerofamuchlargerequilateraltriangle.
Now"measuretheexact(foldtohalfandplaceamarkerpin)"midpointpositiononthepieceofropeorstringtouchingthetowerononeendandtouchestheotherropeontheothertip(midpointoftheside
oppositethefirstpegwehaveinplace).
Nowplaceapieceofstringarounde.g.9metersto12meterslongontotheguywiringpegandkeepitstraightasyoumakealinethroughthatmidpointyoujustfoundandstretchitoutstraightfor9to12meters
andfastenitdowntokeepitstraightandexactlythroughthemidpointtokeepitoffshootingat30degrees.
Somewherealongthe30degreesaimedstraightlineyoujustmadeisthepointtoplaceoneoftheothertwopegs.
Fastenthisnewpieceofropeorstringdownabout912meterslongtoholdthatanglefromtheoriginalpeg.
Nowgetapieceof"exactly7meter"stringandfastenittothetowerbaseandpullitstraightandmovewithitoutstraightaroundthepoleabovethegrounduntilitstipreachesthepieceofstringfastenedat30
degrees.
Thisintersectionofthetipandanglesettingstringisnowthepointwherethosetwomeetandwheretoplacethenextpeg.
Incidentally,The"midpoint"(greeninthediagrampicture)inthecalibratingsmallerequilateralisarightanglecorneratthepointthepegfinderstringcrosses,butthat'snotall,ifyouranut,becauseofit,youcan
dotrigonometryusingthetowerbasetofirstpeglineasitisthehypotenuse(7meterslongand49sqm.)todeterminethebasesidelengthofthenewrightangletriangleandmultiplyby2xtogettheexactlength
ofthenewlargerequilateralsideandsimplymeasurethatalongthepegsettingfinderstretchedoutstring.
However,ifyoursensible,youcansimplyusethatmidpointtofirstpeglengthbygettingapieceofstringandsetthelengthofitfromthepegtomidpoint,thensimplyextendthatlengthofstringfromthemid
pointoutfurtheralongthe30degreessettingstringtocreate2xthelengthofthebaseandthatthenisthepointtoplacethenextpeg!
Asmuchagain,thedistancefromthemidpointpassingasstraightline(orangeline)throughthetowerbasecenteratsomepointintersectsthepegpositionfortheothersideofthelargerequilateral,
however(warning),thedistanceoneithersideofthetowerbasearedifferentnotequal,soasmallequilateralfromthefirstpegandtowerbaseontheoppositesidemustbeusedtoplottheoppositesideline30
degreesanglebutatleastthat'sjust"checking"becauseitisinthisexample7Meters(darkpurpleline)fromthetowerbasetopeg.

LogisticsofwiringandLayout
==================================
Theinverterswillneedtobeasclosetotheinput/outputfuseboxjoinedtotheentrypointofthehousewiringbecausetheywillneedeachapairofwiresratedfor10Kw(for10Kwinverters),thatbeing41amps
@240vandthesameappliestothebatterybankhousing,needstobeneartheinverterswith10KwDCinput(82amps@120v)wirecablespairtotheinverters,thesewiresarehugeandcostsoasshortarunas
possibleisrequired.
Thecontrollermustbewiththebatteriesbecauseitrequirestosensetemperatureproperlytocompensateleadacidbatterychargecharacteristics.
MakesadifficultytoviewtheLCDdisplay,butby"carboardsealedincubationmethodataround2023oCelsius"usingatemperaturesettable(on/offautoswitchingthermostatcontrolledmodel)tropicalfish
tankheater,andreplacingtheheateronceayear,theactualchargeefficiencyisalwaysknownunlesssummerwhenweatherisabove35oCelsiusandheatcannotbetakenawaycompletelybythetriplewall
housingshieldsystem(However,that'sonlyaround30daysp/yearandthebatterychargelevelefficiencywillbehigher).
Therunfromeachserieslineofpanelsmayberequiredtobeseparateandjoinedatentrytothechargecontroller,sofindingthedistanceinvolvedandKwratingofthewireusedfortakeoffcarriageisimportant
toknowasextrasolarcablelengthandextrawindturbinecableset(2(DC)or3(possibleifAC)cables)canbemadepartofthetradedealandappropriate#AWGsizeKwrating.
*Inverterswillneedtobeproperlyhousedagainstfloodingandweatherbutwithairflowtocoolthemrequiringflywirecloseoffagainstinsectsbutalsolargeporousspongeblocksincavityasairfilter.
*(Rememberrainhittingthesideofanenclosurebothbouncesupunderlidsandanoversize(overhang)rooflidshouldextendatleast40cmdownaroundallsidestopreventsplashentryinheavywind).

Choosingawindturbine
Therearefundamentallyonlythreeseriouspointstochoosingawindturbine.
1.Theratedwindturbineoutputvoltagewillmatchthehybridcontrollerwindinputvoltagerating.
2.The"rated"and"ratedmaximum"(wattage)amperagevaluesoftheturbinemustmatchthehybridcontrollers'withbothratings(ratedandratedmaximum)levels.
3.Theelectricaloutputtype(fromtheturbineoutputconnectorwires)oftheturbine,ACorDC,matchesthewindinputelectricaltypeofthecontroller.
(sidenote:it'seasiertobuythesolarpanelslasttobesureofmatchingcontrollerinputparametersifyou'rebuildingpiecebypiece,notbuyingakit).
TheactualpowersystemDCstorage(batterybankandperipheralsside)sideofthecontrollermaydifferandmaydifferwiththesolarvoltagesandamperage'sinputs.
Afinalpoint,wherepossibleifitcanbesuppliedasoptional,useafivebladehubandbladessystemfortheturbine,it'squieter.

WheretolocatetheWindTurbine
Obviouslyasbeforetheturbineneedstobeatleast80metersfromdwellingorresidencesorbuildingsbecauseofnoise.
Italsorequiresplacementawayfromoraboveobstructionsthatcausewindloss.Todothisuseofanumberofweatherdatainformationsitesforyourpostcodeisrequired.
Onesuchsiteisbom.gov.auAustralia'sBureauofMeteorologysitefor"WindRoses".
WindRosesareaspecial"graphmap"representingthecommondirectionswindcomesfrom"outsideacircletowardthecentralpoint".Thecentralpointisthemeasurementstationlocation.
WindRosesbom.gov.au
Asecondhelpfulsiteweathermapisagraphofmanytypesofweatherstatisticsbytownorpostcodeasatimeline.Thishasamenubuttondropdownlisttotherighttopcornerofthepagethatyoucanuseto
selectordeselecttheinformationshownonthegraphictimeline.e.g.windspeed,winddirection,solarradiation,precipitation...
Thereisalsoasearchbarforlocalityinthemidtopofthepage.
ItrequiresAdobeFlashplayerplugininyourbrowser.
WeatherSparkgraphtimelinemap
TheBOMCalculatorallowsconversionofdifferentmeasurementunits.

StepstoAcquiringaHybridpowersystem
PDFCustoms(ACBPS)ProcessingFeesandChargesforImportClearance
PDF(CustomsandBorderProtection)DocumentaryImportDeclarationComprehensiveGuide
PDF16.1LODGINGIMPORTDECLARATIONS?NATUREwww.cargosupport.gov.au
CustomsForms
Themainproblemwithselfimport(apartmoneyandcommittingeverythingatthestipulatedtimeoncall)isrequiringtofilloutsome
annoyingpaperworknowdoneoncomputerbyVPNoverthenetwithcustomsACBPSsiteforimportation(theICSinCImode).
FormostafterregistrationforCCIDandICS,andelectronicfundstransferforcustoms,theN10importdeclaration.
(Youshouldhaveaprivatecomputer,personaldigitalcertificate"gatekeeperindividual"andinternetconnectionforboth
emailtothesuppliersalespeopleandforthe"ACBPScustoms.gov.au"andits"ICSatwww.cargosupport.gov.au")
ICScargosupportsystem"CI"ClientInteractivefirsttimeusers
"Verisign.com.auindividualGatekeeper"DigitalCertificate
CargoSupportICSfirsttimeusers
CargoSupportICSfaqs
CICustomsInteractivewithindividualdigitalcerificate
1.Emailthesupplierandagreeondetailsofthedealandexchangefinalisedagreementemailswithcostsandbankdetailsandyour
detailsaswhomandwherethepayerisforthedeposittotheforeignaccount(notyours,thatwillbeevidentwiththeidentifyingdepositor
detailsinthebankthemoneyissentexchangedmarkedasyouonyourbehalfbythebank).
2.GetaCCID(CustomsCustomerID)forcustomsandtaxationuse,obtainandassesstheoverallsizeandweightofthepacking
materialfortransportationfromthesupplier
3.placeofficialordertosupplieras"CIF"(checktheydoCIFmanydosomedon'tandExWorksisimpossiblefromChina)
4.receiveandpaytheofficialorderbillofFOBfee,and30%upfrontpaymentwithbankingfeeandcurrencyexchangecharges
5.receiveandpaythetransportandinsurancebillswhenthemessagetheorderisreadycomesfromthesupplier
6.usetransportdatesandpackingsizeweighttobookatransportfirmforpickupwith"liftloadingassistance"atbothendsofjourney
7.waitforofficialinformationofshipdockingandunloadingdatefrombothsupplierandportauthority

Page 14 / 19

materialfortransportationfromthesupplier
3.placeofficialordertosupplieras"CIF"(checktheydoCIFmanydosomedon'tandExWorksisimpossiblefromChina)
4.receiveandpaytheofficialorderbillofFOBfee,and30%upfrontpaymentwithbankingfeeandcurrencyexchangecharges
5.receiveandpaythetransportandinsurancebillswhenthemessagetheorderisreadycomesfromthesupplier
6.usetransportdatesandpackingsizeweighttobookatransportfirmforpickupwith"liftloadingassistance"atbothendsofjourney
7.waitforofficialinformationofshipdockingandunloadingdatefrombothsupplierandportauthority
8.obtaindockhandlinganddockspacerentfeesfromportauthorityatthesametimecustomsOK'stheloadandpaythecustomsfees
andGSTanddockrentfeese.t.c.
9.NotifyyourtransportcompanyforpickupXXXNeverdothepreviousits3000AUD(moresensiblyhirea3tonnevan
with500kghydraulictailliftgate)
*Otherrequiredequipmentisapalletjacktrolley,heavyrope,paddingcarpetpatchesandthreeablebodiedpeople.
(PDF)ImportationstepsandprocessesfromdealtocustomswarehouseN30RCRexitafter"cleared"(note:schedule4
mentioninthisshouldbe"schedule3",4istheconcessiontypeinformation)
(PDF)COMPANIESBATTERIESQUOTES(theseareaboutasgoodasitevergets,QuotesareusuallyinUSDasabasecurrency)
(PDF)TypicalDATASHEETfromacompanyMOTOMA100ahdeepcycle"accumulator"(battery)Thistellsyouthequalityofthe
batterymodelanditsoptimumoperatingconditions

Verisign.com.auGateKeeperdigitalcertificateType1
ForICScommunicationwithInternetExplorerusingJavaappletsservedfromtheItegratedCargoSystemcustomersite,
Buythedigitalcertificateonlinethen(approx.aud130AUD).RequirestobephysicallypresentattheAustraliaPostcentre
forproofofidentitycheck.
Verisign.com.auGateKeeperdigitalcertificateType1(EOIIdentityCheckAtAustraliaPostshopcentres)
IntroductiontoDigitalCertificates
HowtoimportandexportpersonalandCAcertificatesintoandfromapplications
PDFImportingyourpersonalcertificate(s)toMicrosoftInternetExplorerfromaBackup(orexport)file
PDFDigitalCertificateandClientRegistrationForm
PDFRegisteringasaclientintheIntegratedCargoSystem
PDFB301_Consent_to_Obtain_Personal_Information_Form
JavaJREApplet/applicationRuntimedownloadsite

PDFACBPSpaymentsystem
PDFACBPSpaymentDDR
PDFACBPSpaymentICSEFTclientauthorisation
PDFACBPSValuationofgoods(referingtoN10)
PDFVisualExaminationofGoodsapplication(prevaluation)
LISTOFDOCUMENTS(PDF)australiancustomscargoadviceswww.cargosupport.gov.au
CustomsForms
ImportForms
PDFLODGINGIMPORTDECLARATIONS?NATURE10
PDFImportDeclaration(N10)
ImportDeclarationform"TariffClassificationNo."
PDFCUSTOMSTARIFFSCHEDULE3
8502"(8502.38502.318502.31.90othergeneratingsets,wind)Electricgeneratingsets
androtaryconverters"(noteonly:8501.61.00photovoltaicnotgreaterthan16Kw)
8507.20.00Otherleadacid"accumulatorsover65ahsealed".(A"primarycellbattery"isathrow
awaybattery)
statisticalcodeunit:80
CargoType:B/B?BREAKBULK(palletswoodcartons)
ValuationBasisType:"TransactionValueTV"(note:S161ofCustomsAct1901(CA))
TreatmentCode:(schedule4)?notdissimilartonext"noapplicableconcession"(science
organisations,universitys,governments)see"amberreason"ifanything.
GSTExemptionCode:"noapplicableexemption"forprivateuse(scienceorganisations,
universitys,governments)see"amberreason"ifanything.
GoodsDescription:12voltdeepcycleleadacidsealednonleakablenonspillableaccumulators
GoodsDescription:solarwindhybrid10Kwoffgridpowersystemset
[NOTE:Customsclearancepickup:Thereisatruckmarshalingarea,butitissecure
andonlyallowedatallocatedtime]NormallyaloadofbatteriesatthisweightcostsAUD
1500AUD2500tofreightalone,but,Ifyouhaveanormalclass"C"driverslicenseyou
canhire/renta4.5TonneGVMvanwithtailliftforsomethinglikeAUD1000forthreedays
orlessfor24hours(ifbatteriesandkitarrivethesamedayorneartoyoucanwaitand
payp/daydockrent(arrangefirst),asmuchifyourkittotalslessorprobablynear3
tonnewithbatteriesyoucanusea3tonnevanortruck),allowingpickupafterall
customsinspectionanddock/handlingfeesGSTandTariffarepaidatthedocks.]
*Otherrequiredequipmentisapalletjacktrolley,heavyrope,paddingcarpetpatches
andthreeablebodiedpeople.
*FortheN10importdeclarationyoushouldalsoget/requestthenameoftheshippinglineandheadofficeaddressand
thenameoftheshipandthevoyagenumber.Theseshouldbeobtainedfromyoursupplier,alsothefirstportofentryto
thecountrybytheshipandthedates/timesfortheserelevantportsincludingportofunloadingofyourgoods.
DECLARATIONNATURETYPESwww.cargosupport.gov.au
PDFWarehouseDeclarationsNature20(Youdon'tneedtoknowthis)
PDFImportDeclarationsNature30
ImportDeclarationsNature30www.cargosupport.gov.au
PDFCustoms(ACBPS)ProcessingFeesandChargesforImportClearance
PDFFeesandChargesforImportClearanceDAFF
PDF(CustomsandBorderProtectionN10forminformation)DocumentaryImportDeclarationComprehensiveGuide
PDF16.1LODGINGIMPORTDECLARATIONS?NATUREwww.cargosupport.gov.au
PDFCARGOREPORTINGANDCLEARANCEREQUIREMENTSwww.cargosupport.gov.au
IntegratedCargoSystem(ICS)andElectronicDataInterchange(EDI)
PDFCargoReportingTimeliness(updated24April2013)
PDFOUTTURNREPORTING:SEACARGOwww.customs.gov.au
WARNING(Around400ah@240vdcrating)For240vdcbatterysystemsuse100x80ahbatteries5stringsof20inseries,for120vdcbatterysystemsuse50x150ahbatteries5stringsof10inseries,or,100x
80ahbatteries10stringsof10inseries.
Australiauses"threephase"240voltAC50Hzoutput.(Modifiedsinewaveisknownas"dirtypower"becauseitswaveformistooviolentason/offandsensitivelowvoltageequipmentgetsdamaged,somehave
aphase/beatswitchbutsomeappliancesdonot)
Generator3phasesystemsrefertoanACalternators'3statorcoilcoreseachwithatakeoffandafourthoutputwiretoneutral(alikeearthpin)fromtheotherendeachthree.
Toharness3phasealternatorrequiresa3pininputtransformerofthemiddlepinisconnectedtothecenteroftheinputcoilandbothsidestothecenterarethesamecoillength.Theoutputcoilsidehas2pins
outforwiring.
3phasepoweritselfissimplythewaveformmodulationoutputbythreecapacitorsfromthepowersupplyinvertertransformer.
Otherinterestingnotes:Asingle12vvehicleordeepcyclebatteryhasenoughpowertokillinstantly,theyarenotatoybattery,theyareanindustrialdevice!
Whilesomeelectriciansknowwhethertheycantouchalivecircuit,essentiallyitisbadpractice.Neverdoit.

WindSolarHybridkitscanbegotas"CIF"toSydneyPort
WARNING:A3phaseinverterusedshouldbe"emulating"3phasewaveformwithonlytwooutputpinsthesameasapuresinewaveinverterhas
twoliveoutputpins.
Checkwithsupplierfirst.Puresinewaveisconsideredsufficient.Modifiedsinewave(sometimesreferredtoassimply"sinewave")isnot,itistoo
coarseandcandamageequipment.
Foshantanfonenergytechnologyco.,LTD,5000wsolar+5000wwind+10Kwinverter(10kinvertersystemtheloadingtrickisagetasecond10kinverter(oriftheycannotrunparallelhavethatsubstitutedwitha
15kwor20kwinverterofthecorrectbatterybankvaluesataprice)forhotwaterwashingmachineandaircond.toleavetheothertothestoveoven)
Page
(PDF)Tanfonoldoutofdatequotepaper5Solar5Wind

15 / 19

Checkwithsupplierfirst.Puresinewaveisconsideredsufficient.Modifiedsinewave(sometimesreferredtoassimply"sinewave")isnot,itistoo
coarseandcandamageequipment.
Foshantanfonenergytechnologyco.,LTD,5000wsolar+5000wwind+10Kwinverter(10kinvertersystemtheloadingtrickisagetasecond10kinverter(oriftheycannotrunparallelhavethatsubstitutedwitha
15kwor20kwinverterofthecorrectbatterybankvaluesataprice)forhotwaterwashingmachineandaircond.toleavetheothertothestoveoven)
(PDF)Tanfonoldoutofdatequotepaper5Solar5Wind
Foshantanfonenergytechnologyco.,LTD(verifiedsupplier)
Foshantanfonenergytechnologyco.,LTD,10,000wwindonly+10kwinverter
Foshantanfonenergytechnologyco.,LTD(verifiedsupplier)
Foshantanfonenergytechnologyco.,LTD,10,000wwind+3000solar+15Kwinverter
(PDF)Tanfonoldoutofdatequotepaper3Solar10Wind
Foshantanfonenergytechnologyco.,LTD(verifiedsupplier)
IfthereisanMOQ(minimumorderquantity)morethanoneyoucanaskiftheywillsellonesetonlyandwhatwouldbetheprice,theywilltellyouifthatcanbedonebutitusuallymeanspayingmorethane.g.half
thepricewouldbeiftheMOQweretwo.(note:3phaseNOTSinglephase)
SuzhouYueniaoMachinery&ElectronicsImp&ExpCo.,Ltd.,5000wsolar+5000wwind10Kwinverter(10kinvertersystemtheloadingtrickisagetasecond10kinverter(oriftheycannotrunparallelhavethat
substitutedwitha15kwor20kwinverterofthecorrectbatterybankvaluesataprice)forhotwaterwashingmachineandaircond.toleavetheothertothestoveoven)
(PDF)SuzhouYueniaoMachinery&ElectronicsImp&ExpCoLtdoldoutofdatequotepaper5Solar5Wind
SuzhouYueniaoMachinery&ElectronicsImp&ExpCo.,Ltd.(verifiedsupplier)
IfthereisanMOQ(minimumorderquantity)morethanoneyoucanaskiftheywillsellonesetonlyandwhatwouldbetheprice,theywilltellyouifthatcanbedonebutitusuallymeanspayingmorethane.g.half
thepricewouldbeiftheMOQweretwo.(note:3phaseNOTSinglephase)
SuzhouYueniaoMachinery&ElectronicsImp&ExpCo.,Ltd.,7000wsolar+8000wwind+15kwinverter
(PDF)SuzhouYueniaoMachinery&ElectronicsImp&ExpCoLtdoldoutofdatequotepaper7Solar8Wind
SuzhouYueniaoMachinery&ElectronicsImp&ExpCo.,Ltd.(verifiedsupplier)
This20KwsystemOnlyfarmswithcommonuseof240vpowertoolsandhoistsandpumpswouldusethis.e.t.c.(3phaseNOTSinglephase)iswhereyouwouldreach"30,000total@95centsAUDtoUSD
rate(or36,000@89centsAUDtoUSDrate)"ifyourequiretotransportbatteriesaround300Kminlandbyatransportcompany,butagoodsizeforfarmsthatuseelectricalpowertoolequipment
SuzhouYueniaoMachinery&ElectronicsImp&ExpCo.,Ltd.,12,000wsolar+8,000wwind+20kwinverter
(PDF)SuzhouYueniaoMachinery&ElectronicsImp&ExpCoLtdoldoutofdatequotepaper12Solar8Wind
SuzhouYueniaoMachinery&ElectronicsImp&ExpCo.,Ltd.(verifiedsupplier)
Thisisan8kwsystem,3KwSolarand5KwWind96Vdc
8kwsystem,5KwSolarand3KwWind96VdcFoshanGreentechyEnergyTechnologyCo.,Ltd.
(PDF)Oldquotebrochure5s3wGREENTECHY(CHINA)INDUSTRIALCO.,LTD.
FoshanGreentechyEnergyTechnologyCo.,Ltd.alibaba.com
Thisisan8kwsystem,5KwSolarand3KwWind
8kwsystem,3KwSolarand5KwWindShandongYanengNewEnergyEquipmentCo.,Ltd.
ShandongYanengNewEnergyEquipmentCo.,Ltd.alibaba.com
ThiscompanyproducesWindSolarHybridkitsinChinaofsizes10Kw(3KwWind7KwSolar)10Kw(5KwWind5KwSolar)8Kw(5KwWind3KwSolar)
FoshanOuyadElectronicCo.,Ltd.
huayaturbineOffersturbinesandsolarpanels.
http://www.huayaturbine.com/
Somebatterycompanytradesitelinksyoumayfindusefulforthetypeofbattery
12V75AHRECHARGEABLELEADACIDBATTERYMOQ:100Piece/Pieces
12V40AHRECHARGEABLELEADACIDBATTERYMOQ:100Piece/Pieces
Solarbattery12v65ah,batterychargersolar65ahMOQ:60Piece/Pieces
12v80ahsolargelbattery,solaraccumulator12v80ahMOQ:40Piece/Pieces
Solarpowergelbattery12v38ahforflashlightMOQ:80Piece/Pieces
*!*!*!12V80AHGEL(*ifyouarenotawareofthese,muchmoreexpensivebutlongerlifeHowever!!!Youmustinput/outputthroughatleast5serieslinesetsofaccumulators)leadacidsolarbatteryforsolar
system(MinimumOrderQuantity:10Piece/Pieces)

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