CHAPTER 12

Romantic Interlude in Japan

(1888)
Rizal was enchanted by the natural beauty of Japan and the well-mannered people
Tokyo
Juan Perez Caballero
- Secretary of the Spanish Legation
- Visited Rizal at his hotel and invited him to live at the Spanish Legation.
- Rizal accepted the invitation because...
1. He could economize his living expenses by staying at the legation
2. He had nothing to hide from the prying eyes of the Spanish authorities
" a young, fine, and excellent writer" and "an able diplomat who had traveled
much."
- Rizal did not know the Japanese language
- In Tokyo, very few spoke English but in Yokohama many speak it.
- Rizal decided to study the Japanese language and was able to speak it within a few
days
"Tokyo is more expensive than Paris. The walls are built in cyclopean manner. The
streets are large and wide."
Rizal and the Tokyo Musicians
- approached a park while promenading the streets of Tokyo
- Heard a Tokyo band playing classical music and was impressed
- He thought, "How admirable was the rendition. I wonder how these Japanese
people have assimilated the modern European music to the extent of playing the
beautiful musical masterpieces of the great European composers so well!"
- It turns out the musicians were Filipinos and the principal instruments in the band
were Japanese, but they were only playing only the secondary instruments.
Rizal's Impression of Japan
- Rizal was not a tourist enjoying attractive sights that appealed to the senses.
- The beauty of the country -- its flowers, mountains, streams and scenic panoramas
2. The cleanliness, politeness, and industry of the Japanese people
3. The picturesque dress and simple charm of the Japanese women
4. There were very few thieves in Japan so that the houses remained open day and
night and in the hotel room one could safely leave money on the table
5. Beggars were rarely seen in the city streets, unlike in Manila and other citites.
the one thing Rizal was not in favor of was the popular mode of transportation by
means of rickshaws drawn by men
Romance with O-Sei-San
One spring afternoon, a few days after he had moved to the Spanish Legation, Rizal
saw a pretty Japanese girl walking past the Legation gate
Rizal was attracted by her regal loveliness and charm
He wanted to meet her - but how?
Rizal learned from a Japanese gardener that she was Seiko Usui and she used to
pass by the legation during her daily afternoon walk.
The following afternoon, Rizal and the Japanese gardener waited at the legation

gate and watched for the girl.

With his entry in his own diary, Rizal bade farewell to lovely O-Sei-San.
Sayonara, Japan
On April 13, 1888, Rizal boarded the 'Belgic' bound for the United States.
He would never again see his beautiful "Land of the Cherry Blossoms" and his
beloved O-Sei-San.
His sojourn in Japan was one of the happiest interludes in his life.
O-Sei-San After Rizal's Departure
Rizal had to carry on his mission in Europe, leaving behind the lovely O-Sei-San
A year after Rizal's execution, she married Mr. Alfred Charlton
He later died and Mrs. Charlton lived in a comfortable home in Shinjuko district,
Tokyo.
She died on May 1, 1947 at the age of 80 and was buried in her husband's tomb at
Zoshigawa Cemetery.
She survived World War II, but her home was destroyed in 1944 by the U.S. bombing
of Tokyo.

Chapter 13 and 14
Rizal's visit to the United States (1888) Rizals Visit to the United States (1888) Rizal
first saw America on April 28, 1888. His arrival in this great country was marred by
racial prejudice. He saw the discriminatory treatment of the Chinese and the Negros
by the white Americans. Arrival in san francisco Saturday,April 28, 1888- The
steamer Belgic docked at San Francisco. American health authorities did not let the
passengers to land for one week because of the rumored cholera epidemic. Rizal
knew there was no cholera epidemic that time and he protest with other passengers
the unjustifiable actions of American authorities He soon discovered that it was
motivated by politics and the ship was carrying 643 Chinese coolies. Rizal in san
francisco May 4, 1888 The day he was permitted to go ashore and registered at
the Palace Hotel which was then considered a first- class hotel in the city May 4 to 6,
1888 Rizal stayed in San Francisco. Across the American continent May 6, 1888 it
was Sunday, 4:30 P.M., Rizal left San Francisco for Oakland, nine miles across San
Francisco Bay, by ferry boat May 7, 1888 it was morning, Rizal awoke and had a
good breakfast at Reno, Nevada, now glamorized by American high-pressure
propaganda as The Biggest Little City in the World. Rizal in New york May 13,
1888 it was Sunday morning when Rizal reached New York. He stayed three days
in this city, which he called the big town. From May 7 to May 13, Rizal wrote in his
diary the beautiful memories from Nevada, Chicago until he reached Albany. May
16, 1888 Rizal left New York for Liverpool on board the City of Rome. Rizal saw the
Statue of Liberty on Bedloe Island. Rizals impression of america The good
impressions were: 1) The material progress of the country as shown in the great
cities, huge farms, flourishing industries, and busy factories
2) The drive and the energy of the American people;
3) The natural beauty of the land
4) The high standard of living;
5) The opportunities for better life offered to poor immigrants.
The bad impression Rizal had of America was the lack of racial equality. 1890 two

years after Rizals visit to the United States, Jose Alejandro, who was then studying
engineering in Belgium, roomed with him. Rizals impression of America is the land
par excellence of freedom but only for the whites. Chapter 14
Rizal in London (1888 - 89) Stay in London Lived in London May 1888 to Mar. 1889
3 reasons why he stayed there:
1. To improve his knowledge of the English Language
2. To study and annotate Morga's Sucesos de Las Islas Filipinas
3. London was a safe place for him to carry onhis figh against Spanish Tyranny
- Filipiniana studies
- Completing annotating Morgas books- Wrote many articles in LaSolidaridad
- Penned Young Women of Malolos Trip across the atlantic - made friends in his
atlantic voyage
- amazed some american and european passengers
- had a chat with newspaper men but became disappointed
-arrived on liverpool May 24, 1888 "liverpool is a big and beautiful city and
celebrated port is worthy of its great fame. the entrance is magnificent and the
custom house is quite good." Life in london - went to London may 25, 1888
- stayed as a guest at Dr. Regidor's home
- became a boarder at the beckett's by the end of May
- was called "pearl of Man" by Dr. Reinhold Rost
- Played cricket and boxing with Dr. Rost's sons.
Good and bad news from home Bad news Persecution of the filipino patriots who
signed the "anti-friar petition of 1888"
- persecution of calamba tenants
-furious attacks on rizal by senator salamanca and vida in the spanish cortes and by
Desenganos (wenseslao E. Retana) and Quioquiap ( Pablo Feced) in spanish
newspapers
- Rizal's brother-in-law, Manuel Hidalgo was exiled in bohol
-Laureano Viado, his friend was arrested and jailed because copies of Noli were
found in his house Good News Rev. Vicente Garcias' defended Noli against the
attacks of the friars. Annotating Morga's books - spent many days in the reading
room of the british museum reading Morga's books and old stories of the philippines
-wrote a letter to Blumentritt on spetember 17, 1888
-Mariano Ponce urged him to edit a newspaper but he refused Short visit to paris
and spain September 1888 - he visited paris for a week
- entertained in a gay french metropolis by Juan Luna and his wife
- He returned to London
- Dec. 11, 1888 - He went to spain
-met Marcelo H. del Pilar and Mariano Ponce Christmas in London -Rizal returned to
London on december 24 1888 and spent his christmas and new year's day with the
becketts.
- He sent a gift to Blumentritt and Dr. Carlos Czepelak
- recieved a gift from Mrs. Beckett Rizal becomes leader of Filipinos in Europe chosen to be honorary president
- wrote a letter of thanks addressed to the members of association La solidaridad on

January 28 1889 - "when defeated, never surrender"

-"great deal of integrity and much good will" letter content Rizal and the la
solidaridad paper - Graciano Lopez founded La Solidaridad on Feb. 15 1889 at
barcelona
- Marcelo H. del Pilar about their newspaper
- Rizal congratulated Lopez jaena and the associates and wrote articles. Writings in
london La vision del fray rodriguez (the vision of fray rodriguez)
-published at barcelona
Letter to the young women of malolos
M.H. del pilar
"praise the young ladies of malolos for their courage to establish a school where
they could learn spanish despite the opposition of Fr. Felipe Garcia, Spanish parish
priest of Malolos." Letter to the young women of malolos a filipino mother should
teach her children love of God, fatherland, and mankind
filipino mother should be glad, like the spartan mother
filipino woman should educate herself, aside frm retaining her good racial virtues
faith is not merely reciting long prayers and wearing relgious pictures, but rahter it
is living the real christian way with good morals and good manners. Romance with
Gertude beckett Gertude beckette Buxom English girl with brown hair blue eyes and
rosy cheeks
eldest of the three sisters
fell in love with rizal
helped him in his painting and sculpture
Rizal finished 4 sculptures prometheus bound
the triumph of death over life
the triumph of science over death
composite carving of the heads of the beckett sisters
Adios, London! - March 19 1889 rizal bids goodbye to the kind beckett family.

CHAPTER 15 AND 16
Chapter 15 Rizals Second Sojourn in Paris and the Universal Exposition of 1889.
Other information, references and images used in this presentation are owned by
their perspective copyright holders. He published his anotated edition of Morga's
successos.
Founded Kidlat Club, Indios Bravos, and R.D.L.M.
He wrote the satire Por Telefono While he's in Paris... The Universal Exposition was
scheduled to open on May 6, 1889.
The cost of living became expensive, much to Rizal's displeasure.
For a short time, he settled at his friend Valentin Ventura's house. Settling in... While
staying there, he polished his annotated edition of Morga's book.
He moved his residence several times.
Finally, he settled in a little room together with Capt. Justo Trinidad and Jose Albert
Settling in... (cont.) Despite the lively and festive life in Paris, Rizal proceed to spend
his time frugally.
He spends his time...
working on the annotated Morga's book,

writing letters to his family and friends,

working out at local gymnasium,
and visiting his friends in Paris. Life in Paris Like any other Filipinos in a foreign land,
Rizal was facinated by the Universal Exposition.
The Eiffel tower is one of the attractions of the exposition.
He and his friends witnessed the cutting of ribbon by President Marie Franois Sadi
Carnot. During the Exposition Eiffel Tower Designed by Engr. Gustave Eiffel
It is the greatest attraction of the Universal Exposition of 1889. The president of the
Third French Republic. Marie Franois Sadi Carnot 3 societies founded by Rizal Kidlat
Club Indios Bravos R.D.L.M. Rizal's research studies in the British Museum in London
and the Bibliotheque Nationale in Paris enriched his historical knowledge. His
splendid annotations in morga's book shows his familiarity with the basic principles
of historiography Rizal as Historian His knowledge of foreign languages enabled
Rizal to read historical documents and
books in the languages in which they
were originally written like piggafetta's
First Voyage Around the world, Marsden, Raffles, Lord Stanley and many more. Mayi
Tawalisi of Ibn Batuta
Filipinas dentro de cien anos (The Philippines within a Century)
Sobre la Indolencia de los Filipinos (The Indolence of the Filipinos)
La Politica Colonial on Filipinas (Colonial Policy in the Philippines) Other Works of
Rizal aside from Morga's book Manila en el mes de diciembre, 1872 (Manila in the
month of December, 1872)
Historia de la Familia Rizal de Calamba (History of Rizal family of Calamba)
Los Pueblos del Achipelago Indico (The Peoples of the Indian Archipelago) Expressed
his views on the Spanish Colonization in the Philippines and predicted with amazing
accuracy the tragic end of Spain's sovereignty in Asia. The Philippines Within the
Century He portrayed at the beginning of his article the glorious past of the Filipino
people then described their economic stagnation and unhappiness under the harsh
bugling Spanish rule An Essay of Rizal which is an able defence of the alleged
indolence of the Filipinos
A prestigious work of historical scholarship
In the spirit of a real scholar, Rizal made a critical study of the causes why his
people did not work hard during Spanish regime
His main thesis was that the Filipinos are not by nature indolent. The Indolence of
the Filipinos Proposed by Rizal and have its inaugural convention in the Capital
He First submitted this idea to blumentritt in the letter dated Jan. 14, 1889 and the
latter gladdly supported him
He wrote the prospectus
The Aim of the association is to study the
Philippines from the scientific and historical point of view. International Association
of Filipinologist The Officers:
President: Dr Ferdinand Blumentritt (Austria)
Vice-President: Mr Edmund Plauchut (French)
Counsellor: Dr Reinhold Rost (Anglo-German) and Dr Antonio Ma. Regidor (FilipinoSpanish)
Secretary: Dr Jose Rizal (Filipino) Establish a modern college in Hong Kong

This college aims to train and educate men of good and family and financial means
in accordance of the demands of modern times and circumstances
A rich Filipino resident in Paris, Mr Mariano
Cunanan, from Mexico, Pampangga, promised to help him raised P40,000 as initial
capital of the college. Project For Filipino
College in Hongkong The curriculum consisted of the following subjects:
Ethics Study of Religion Natural Law Civil Law Deportment Hygiene
Mathematics Physics and Chemistry Natural History Geography Political
Economy
Universal History Philippine History Logic, Rhetoric and Poetics
Gymnastics Equitation Fencing Swimming Music Drawing Dancing Reply to
another slanderer of Noli, Fr Salvador Font, who mastermind the banning of his Noli
Published in a booklet form in Barcelona, 1889
This satirical pamphlet under the authorship of Dimas Alang (one of Rizals pannames) is a witty satire which ridicules Father Font
It describes comical vein a telephone conversation between Father font who was in
Madrid and the father provincial of the San Agustin Convent in Manila Por Telefono
Incidentally, Por Telefono demostrates not only
Rizals sparkling wit, but also his prophetic insight. ts opening paragraph read as
follows:
In the year 1900, the Philippines for the first time was connected to the Metropolis
(Madrid-Z) by means of the telephone laid out by an Anglo-Catalan Company called
the Trans-Oceanic Telephone Company, so well
known in its time for its truly bold ideas. By that opening paragraph. Rizal predicted
much ahead of his time that people could carry on overseas telephonic
conversations. It is amazing how he could have overseen this phenomenon, which
we enjoy now. History shows that the first radiotelegraph signals received by Marconi Across the Atlantic was in 1901 12 years
after the
publication of Rizals Por Telefono December 25, 1889 was a wintry day in Paris
Rizal and Jose Albert plan to have a sumptuous Christmas Dinner. They scraped
enough money to celebrate Yuletide.
They prepare a Christmas dinner with Fried Chicken, rice and vegetables
This dinner proves to be the last Christmas dinner in Paris Christmas in Paris Shortly
after new year, Rizal made a brief visit to London
It may be 2 reasons:
1.To Check up his annotated edition of Morgas Sucesos
with the original copy in the British Museum
2.To see Gertrude Beckett for the last time By the middle of January, he was back in
Paris
He complained of a terrible headache
At that time, an epidemic of influenza was raging in Europe. Unfortunately, he was
not stricken with flu. A purely social society of temporary nature.
Founded on March 19, 1889.
Founded by Rizal to bring together young Filipinos in the French capital so they
could enjoy their sojourn during the duration of Universal Exposition.
Name from lightning, as the club is intented to vanish after the Universal Exposition.

Replaced the Kidlat Club.

Composed of Filipino patriots in Paris.
It's members pledged to be the best in intellectual and physical prowess in order to
win the admiration of the foreigners, particularly the Spaniards.
They practised use of sword and pistol, and studied the Asian art of self-defense,
judo. A mysterious, enigmatic, and confidential society founded by Rizal.
Patterned after Freemasonry.
The initials mean Redencion de los Malayos (Redemption of the Malays).
The society's aim is the propagation of scientific, artistic, and literary knowledge in
the Philippines. Two reasons impelled Rizal to leave in Paris
1. The cost of living in paris was very high because of the Universal Explotion
2. The gay social life of the city hampered his literary works, especially the writing
of his second novel El Filibusterismo.
Ventura his friends invited him to leave with him without paying rent but Rizal could
not accept for he had a high sence of dignity and would not accept charity from any
man. In Belgian Brussels Rizal leave in modest bording house on 38 RUE Philippe
Champagne with Jose Alejandro an Engineering student.
Rizal was busy writing for his second novel which was a continuation of Noli. Aside
from that he wrote an Article of La Solidaridad and letters for his friends and family.
Life in Brussels Articles Published in La Solidaridad 1. "A La Defensa" (To La
Defensa)
2. "La Verdad Para Todos" (The Truth For All)
3. "Vicente Barrantes" (Teatro Tagalog)
4. "Una Profanacion" (A Profanation)
5. "Verdades Nuevas" (New Truths)
6. "Crueldad" (Cruelty)
7. "Differencias" (Differences)
8. "Inconsequencias" (Inconsequences)
9. "Llanto y Risas" (Tears and Laughter)
10. "Ingratitudes" (Ingratitude) Even though Rizal know about foreign languages
and his European knowledge he still loved his own native language.
He was the first to advocate the filipinization of its orthography.
"Sobre La Nueva Ortografia de la Lengua Tagala" (The New Orthography of the
Tagalog Language) was published in La Solidaridad on April 15, 1890. He gave the
credit to Dr. Trinidad H. Pardo de Tavera. New Orthography of Tagalog Language
Rizal received a news from Juan Luna and Valentin Ventura that the Filipinos on
Spain were gambling too much.
Rizal wrote a letter to remind the filipinos in Madrid that they did not come to
Europe gamble, but to work.
The gambling Filipinos were angry when they learned Rizal's moralizing. They call
him "Papa" (Pope) instead of "Pepe" Rizal Criticizes Madrid for Filipinos for Gambling
Chapter 16 In Belgian Brussels, (1890) Calamba agrarian trouble was getting worse.
Dominicans continued to raise the rents until such time that Rizals father refused to

pay his rent.

Other tenants also refused to pay the unreasonable rents.
Dominicans filed a law suit
The tenants including Paciano and his brother-in-laws, Antonio Lopez and Silvestre
Ubaldo were deported to Mindoro.
Another brother-in-law, Manuel T. Hidalgo was banished for a second time in Bohol.
Bad News from Home Rizal had bad dreams because he was always thinking of his
unhappy family in Calamba.
He feared that he would not live long.
He was not afraid to die but he wanted to finish his second novel before he went to
his grave. Presentiment of Death In the face of the sufferings which afflicted his
family, Rizal planned to go home.
All his friends, including Blumentritt, Jose Ma. Basa, and Ponce, were horrified by
Rizals plan to return to the Philippines.
They warned him of the danger that awaited him at home. Preparation to go home
Rizal changed his mind
Paciano wrote to Rizal that they lost the case against the Dominicans in Manila, but
they appealed it to the Supreme Court in Spain, hence a lawyer was needed to
handled it in Madrid.
Rizal wrote to M.H. del Pilar retaining the latters service as a lawyer and informing
Del Pilar that we would supervise the handling of the case. Decision to go to Madrid
It was against a background of mental anguish in Brussels, during those sad days
when he was worried by family disasters, that he wrote his pathetic poem, "A Mi..."
(To my Muse).
This poem lacks the exquisiteness of "To the Flowers of Heidelberg" and is less
polished than "To the Filipino Youth," but it is passionate in feeling. "To My Muse"
(1890) Two things brought some cheer to Rizal before his trip to Madrid
-Madrid Summertime festival in Belgium
- Romance with Petite Jacoby
Like other women, Suzanne fell in love with Rizal.
She cried when he left for Madrid.
Although Rizal was in a faraway place, Suzanne could not forget him. Romance with
Petite Jacoby.

Chapter 16
Brussels capital Belgium
Jose Albert young student from Manila whoaccompanied Rizal in Brussels
Jaceby sisters (Suzanne & Marie) run themodest boarding house
Jose Alejandro engineering student whoreplaced Albert wrote La Solidaridad in Brussels
articles appeared in La Solidaridad
A La Defensa (To LA Defensa) reply to aSpanish author Patricio de la Escosura
La Verdad Para Todos (The Truth For All) defense against the Spanish charges that
thenative local officials were ignorant anddepraved
Vicente Barrantes
Teatro Tagalo-exposesBarrantesignorance on the Tagalog theatricalart
Una profanacion (A Profanation) a bitter attack against the friars for denying
Christian burial to Mariano Herbosa, husband of Luciawho died of cholera

 Verdades Nueva (New Truths) a reply toVicente Belloc Sanchez w/c assertes that
thegranting of reforms in the Philippines wouldruin the peaceful and maternal rule of thefriars.
Crueldad (Cruelty) defense of Blumentrittfrom the scurrilous attacks of his enemies
Diferencias (Differences) reply to biasedarticle Old Truths w/s ridiculed thoseFilipinos
who asked for reforms
Inconsequencias (Inconsequences) defenseof Antonio Luna against the attack of PabloMir
Deas in El Pueblo Soberano
Llanto y Risas (Tears and Laughters) Adenunciation of Spanish racial prejudiceagainst the
brown Filipinos
Ingratitudes (Ingratitude) reply toGovernor Valeriano Weyler who told to the people of
Calamba that they should not allowthemselves to be deceived by the vain promises of their
ungrateful sons.
Rizal was first to advocate the Filipinization of its orthography.
salacot (peasants head-gear)
Sobre la Nueva Ortografia de la LenguaTagala (The New Orthography of the
TagalogLanguage) article published in La Solidaridad.
Dr. Trinidad H. Pardo de Tavera auhthor of ElSanscrito en la Lengua Tagala (Sanskrit in theTagalog
Language)
Laong Laan(Ever Ready)
A Mi. . . ( To my Muse) a pathetic poemthat lacks the exquisiteness of To the Flowersof
Heidelberg and is less polished than To theFilipino Youth but passionate in feeling
2 things brought cheer to Rizal:
summertime festival of Belgium Carnival style
Romance w/ Petite Suzzane Jacoby Belgian girl; pretty nice of his lanladies
Nellie Boustead

Chapter 17
Rizal fought 2 duels: Antonio Luna &Wenceslao E. Retana talented Spanishscholar and press agent of the friars
Leonor Rivera married aBritish(Englishman) engineer
M.H. del Pilar acted as Rizals lawyer
Dr. Dominador Gomez secretary of theAsociacion Hispano-Filipina
Minister of Colonies - Seor Fabie
El Resumen
Madrid newspaper w/csympathized w/ the Filipino cause, To cover the ears, open the purse, and fold the
arms-Spanish colonial policy
Queen Regent Maria Cristina ruler of Spainduring the minority of Alfonso XIII
Jose Ma. Panganiban talented co-worker of Rizal in the Propaganda Movement died
inBarcelona @ 27. (Eulogy for Panganiban)
La Ecopa anti-Filipino newspaper in madrid
Teatro Apolo where gold watch chain with alocket containing the picture of Leonor Riveralost
Pablo Rianzares first proprietor of M.H. DelPilar where he purschased La Solidaridad
election between Rizal & del Pilar for Responsible took place during the 1st week of Feb. 1891
2 hostile camps (Rizalistas & Pilaristas)
Madrid one of gayest cities of the worldaccording to Rizal