Student Names:__________________________________________________________________________________

Team:_____________
Group:____________

Laboratory 1
Logic Circuit I
Objectives:

To learn Boolean expressions for the universal logic gates.

To measure logic levels and output currents
Troubleshooting logic circuit.

Content:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

AND gates
OR gates
Combining logic gates 1
Combining logic gates 2
Not gates and Boolean algebra
Logic levels

1. AND gates
After you complete these laboratory activities you should be able to:
Use AND gate circuit to determine the relationship between the inputs and outputs
Complete the AND gate truth table from experimental results.
Write a Boolean expression for a two AND gate circuit.
Use a two AND-gate circuit to construct a 3input AND gate.

1.1 Equipment required

PU-2000 mainframe: Computer Electronics learning system

Master Board
EB-131: Printed circuit board.

1.2 Starting Up (Ask your instructor for help)

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Locate your PC station. It should be labelled as your group number.

Start your PC with Win95 Os.
Start the software DEGEM.
Place the EB131 PCB on the PU-2000.
Locate the circuit in Figure 1.
Connect 3 jumpers to A, B and C, as indicated in Figure 1. Thus switches A, B, and C, will be connected to the
corresponding inputs.
Turn on the EB-2000 power supply

Figure 1

1.3 Procedure
1.

Determine the truth table of AND gate in Fig 1 by using switches A and B to apply logic high or logic low. Lamp
F1 will be ON to indicate a 1 at the output and OFF to indicate 0.Complete the following truth table:

A
0
0
1
1
2.
3.

F1
0
0
0
1

Write the Boolean expression for this AND gate: F1=________A*B________

Complete the following Truth table:

A
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
4.

B
0
1
0
1

B
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1

C
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1

F2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1

Write the Boolean expression for this logic circuit: F2=______________A*B*C______

Question
What is the difference between the logic circuit in Fig 1 and a 3-input AND gate?
_same circuit____________________________________________________________________________________

1.4 Practice Mode

Practice mode consists of faultfinding procedure. In this mode, the PU-2000 allows some programmed faults to be
introduced into the circuit by changing its configuration. These faults may be an input stuck to 0 or 1, a wrong
connection, a short circuit, etc. To enter this mode just selects it from the software menu.
When you are in the practice mode carry out the following exercise.
Use the switches to complete the following truth table (Just fill with 0 or 1 as it shows from the lamps states
ON or OFF)

A
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1

B
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1

C
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1

F1

F2

Questions:
Is F1 working properly?

__________________________________________________________________________

Is F2 working properly?

__________________________________________________________________________

What line in the truth table is wrong? _________________________________________________________________

1.5 Observations
1. What is the output of AND gate when one of the inputs is LOW?
0
2. In which case the output of AND is HIGH
all inputs are 1
3. What is the logic function of the following logic circuit?

(A*B)*(B*C)
4. Draw a logic circuit which construct the above function using only two 2-input AND gates.

2. Or Gates
After you complete these laboratory activities you should be able to:
Use OR gate circuit to determine the relationship between the inputs and outputs
Complete the OR gate truth table from experimental results.
Write a Boolean expression for a two gates circuit.
Obtain the output of the two OR-gate circuit.

2.2 Starting Up
1
2

Locate the circuit in Figure 1.

Connect 3 jumpers to A, B and C, as indicated in Figure 1. Thus switches A, B, and C, will be connected to the
corresponding inputs

Figure 2.1

2.1 Procedure
1. Complete the truth table

A
0
0
1
1

B
0
1
0
1

F1
0
1
1
1

2. Write the Boolean expression for this OR gate: F1=___A+B_____________

3. Complete the following Truth table:

A
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1

B
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1

C
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1

F2
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

4. Write the Boolean expression for this logic circuit: F2=_______A+B+C_____________

Question
What is the difference between the logic circuit in Fig 2.1 and a 3-input OR gate?
_________________________________same___________________________________________________________
____

2.4 Practice Mode

Select the practice mode. Use the switches to complete the following truth table:

A
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1

B
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1

C
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1

F1

F2

Questions:
Is F1 working properly?

__________________________________________________________________________

Is F2 working properly?

__________________________________________________________________________

What line in the truth table is wrong? _________________________________________________________________

2.5 Observations
1.

In an OR gate which input is dominant (that controls the output) the 1 or the 0 the 1

2.
3.

Which combinations in the inputs result in 0 at the output of an OR gate

000
Write the logic function of the following logic circuit:

A+B+B+C=A+B+C

4.

Draw a logic which implements the above logic function using only two 2-input OR gates.

3. Combining logic gates I

1.
2.
3.
4.

After you complete this laboratory you should be able to:

Obtain the outputs of AND-OR gate combinations.
Construct the truth table of AND-OR gate combinations from experimental results.
Write Boolean equation for combinational logic circuits.

3.1 Starting Up
1.
2.

Locate AND-OR gate circuit (Fig 3.1)

Connect 3 jumpers to A, B, and C.

Figure 3.1

3.2 Procedure
1.
2.

Determine the outputs of gates 5,6 and 7.

Complete the following truth table:

A
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
3.

B
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1

C
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1

F1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1

F2
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1

Write the Boolean expression for these logic gates: F3 = F1+F2

=_A*B+A*C______________________________________

Question
When is F3 ON? when A=B=1 or
A=C=1____________________________________________________________________

3.3 Observations
1.

Write the Boolean equations for F1 and F2 in the logic circuit in Fig 3.2 : A*B+C and
(A+B)*C_________________

2.

When input C is 1 will it control F1, F2? It will control F1,but not
F2_______________________________________________________

3.

When input C is 0 will it control F1, F2? Not F1,but

F2________________________________________________________

Fig3.2

4. Combining Logic gates II

1.
2.
3.

After you complete this experiment you should be able to:

Analyse another AND-OR combination.
Find faults in this kind of circuits.

F3
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1

4.1 Starting Up
3.
4.

Locate AND-OR gate circuit (Fig 4.1)

Connect 3 jumpers to A, B, and C.

Figure 4.1 AND-OR Gate Circuit

4.2 Procedure
4.
5.

Determine the outputs of gates 8 and 9.

Complete the following truth table:

A
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
6.

B
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1

C
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1

F1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1

F2
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1

Write the following Boolean expressions:

F1= _A+B___________________________________
F2= (A+B)*C_________________________________

Question
When is F1 ON? When either A or B are 1
_____________________________________________________________________
When is F2 ON? when either C & A are 1 or C & B are 1
___________________________________________________________________________

4.3 Practice Mode

Enter practice mode, then use the switches that are necessary to complete the following truth table:

A
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1

B
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1

C
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1

F1

F2

Table 4.1 Fault-finding

Questions
Is F1 working properly? ___________________________________________________________________________

Determine where is the fault? _______________________________________________________________________

Figure 4.2
4.4 Observations
4.

Write the Boolean equations for F1 to F5 in the logic circuit in Fig 4.2 :
F1=A*B; F2=C*D; F3=A*B+B; F4=C+(C*D); F5= (A*B+B )* (C + C * D ) ;
__________________________________________________________________

5.

Is the above output F5, affected by input A or D? NO

____________________________________________________

6.

Construct a simplified logic circuit for F5 using only one AND gate.
B*C

1. Not gates and Boolean Algebra

4.
5.
6.

After you complete this experiment you should be able to:

Use a NOT gate.
Verify some laws of Boolean algebra.

1.1 Starting Up
5.

Locate the one input circuit (Fig 5.1)

6.

Connect 1 jumper to A.

Figure 5.1 One input Circuit

1.2 Procedure
1.

Determine the output of gate 10 in fig 5.1. Then complete the following truth table:
A
0
1

2.

A
1
0

Use gates 10 and 11 to verify the Boolean law A=A. Then complete the Truth table:
A
0
1

F1
0
1

3.

Use gates 10 and 12 to verify the Boolean law AA=0. Then complete the truth table:
A
F2
0
0
1
0

4.

Use gates 10 and 13 to verify the Boolean law: A+A=1. Then Complete the truth table:
A
0
1

F3
1
1

Question
When is F2 ON? NEVER
_____________________________________________________________________________
When is F3 OFF? NEVER
___________________________________________________________________________

2. Logic levels
1.
2.
3.

Measure input and output voltages of a gate:

Measure input and output current of a gate.
Find faults in these parameters

2.1 Starting Up
1.
2.

Locate the measurement circuit (Fig 6.1)

Rotate potentiometer PS-1 counter clockwise, this potentiometer is connected internally to supply a variable
voltage named (PS-1)/2. Thus, (PS-1)/2 is set to 0.

Procedure
1. Short the ammeter jacks, connect a voltmeter between ground and the output of the NOT gate 14 as shown in
Fig6.1. Leave RL unconnected.

2. You are going to determine the electrical characteristics of Gate 14. This is a TTL gate and the parameters are:
VIH
VIL
VOH
VOL
IIH
IIL
IOH
IOL

High level input voltage

Low level input voltage
High level output voltage
Low level output voltage
High level input current
Low level input current
High level output current
Low level output current

The actual value of these parameters may vary with each integrated circuit chip tested. However the measurement
results must fall within the specified limits listed in the manufacturers data sheet.

3. Adjust potentiometer PS-1 to obtain: VIL=(Vps-1)/2=0V. This voltage level of 0V determines the logic 0 at
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.

the input of the NOT gate.

Measure the inverter output and record its value.4.4342
Now connect RL to ground. Measure the inverter output and record its value 3.415
Since RL= 1k, calculate and record the value of IOH from: I0H = (0V-VOH)/RL. -3.414 mA
Remove the short-circuit between the ammeter jacks then connect the ammeter. Measure and record the IIL
-0.24mA
You have measured and calculated the four important parameters as shown in Fig 6.2. Observe the direction of
the currents. -inversed
Remove the ammeter then short the ammeter jacks. Connect a voltmeter between groun and the output of NOT
gate and use a jumper to connect the load resistor RL to +5V.
Rotate the potentiometer to obtain VIH=(VPS-1)/2=5V. This equivalent to logic 1.
Measure the inverter output and record VOL. 0.3V
Calculate and record IOL. 0.3mA
Remove the short circuit between the ammeter jacks then connect the ammeter. Measure and record the high
level input current. 0A
You have measured and calculated the other four important parameters shown in figure 6.3. Observe the
direction of the current. reversed
Fill in the values the following table:

Measure Value
VIH
VIL
VOH
VOL
IIH
IIL
IOH
IOL

5V
0
3.415
0.3
0A
-0.24mA
-0.24mA
0

16. Remove the ammeter and short the ammeter jacks.

Figure 6.2 Parameters of a TTL gate

Figure 6.3Parameters of a TTL gate