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ABB Power Systems

FOX515
Synchronisation
User Manual

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

User Guide
FOX Synchronisation
Platform FOX515 Release R8

Release History:

Release 7B:
Release 8B:
Release 8C:

February 2007
December 2008
August 2009
December 2009
May 2010

Copyright and Confidentiality: All rights of this document remain with ABB
Ltd (ABB). This document contains confidential information which is the
property of ABB. It must be held in confidence by the recipient and may not
be used for any purposes except those specifically authorised by contract or
otherwise in writing by ABB. This document may not be copied in whole or in
part, or any of its contents disclosed by the recipient to any third party,
without the prior written agreement of ABB.

Disclaimer:

ABB has taken reasonable care in compiling this document, however ABB
accepts no liability whatsoever for any error or omission in the information
contained herein and gives no other warranty or undertaking as to its
accuracy.
ABB reserves the right to amend this document at any time without prior
notice.

Document number:

1KHW002008

ABB Ltd
Power Systems
Bruggerstrasse 72
5400 Baden Switzerland
ABB Switzerland Ltd, 2010
The right to modifications or deviations due to technical progress is reserved.

1KHW002008

page 2 of 132

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Table of contents

ABB

Precautions and safety

Referenced documents

1 Overview of the NE timing system

The NE timing system


General
PETS/SETS timing and synchronisation functions
SETS with 2 SBUS/ABUS Sectors

9
9
10
11

Clock frequency aspect of the timing system


Block diagram
Source selection
SETS Inter-Sector Synchronisation
Clock recovery
Traffic sources
Dedicated interfaces for timing signals
Status and selection override

13
13
15
15
16
17
17
19

QL-processing aspect of the timing system


UBUS/PBUS traffic units and ESI-PDH
STM-4/1 traffic interfaces and ESI-SDH
ESO-PDH
ESO-SDH
SSI/SSM processing and selection algorithms

20
21
22
24
24
27

Protection
Protection types
SETS Protection
PETS Protection
Status/Maintenance

28
28
28
29
30

Selection of timing sources


Timing sources for PETS
PETS selection algorithms
Clock Recovery
Timing sources for SETS
SETS selection algorithms
Clock Recovery

31
31
31
32
32
32
33

ESO timing signals


ESO-1 3/PDH
ESO-4/SDH

34
34
34

Selection of the equipment timing source

36

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1KHW002008

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

NE without STM-4/1 interface(s)


NE with STM-4/1 interface(s)

1KHW002008

36
37

2 Configuration of the PETS system

41

Traffic (timing) sources

41

Selection algorithm and clock extraction


Timing sources and parameters
Selection Algorithm
Clock Extraction

44
44
46
47

ESO-PDH
Routing Table
Signal squelch

48
48
49

3 Configuration of the SETS system

51

Traffic sources

52

Selection algorithm and clock extraction


Timing sources and parameters
Selection Algorithm

55
55
58

ESO-SDH (Non SETS locked mode)


Timing sources and parameters
Selection Algorithm
Signal squelch

59
59
61
62

ESO-SDH (SETS locked mode)


Routing Table
Signal squelch

63
64
65

4 Routing and mapping tables of units

67

Application

67

LOMIF type E12/P12 traffic signal layer

68

MEGIF type E12/P12 traffic signal layer

70

STM-4/1 MS traffic layer


Input Mapping Table
Output Mapping Table
Routing Table

72
72
73
74

5 Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

75

Generic description

75

PETS layer
Functions and parameters
Use of PETS diagnostic functions and examples

79
79
81

SETS layer

85

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ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Functions and parameters


Use of SETS Timing Sources Status and examples

ABB

85
90

ESO-SDH layer
Functions and parameters
Use of ESO-SDH Timing Sources Status and examples

105
105
108

SETS Protection layer


Functions and parameters
Use of SETS Protection and examples

111
111
112

Alarms & Notifications


Alarms
Notifications

117
117
117

6 Synchronisation networks

119

Introduction

119

Background information

119

Solution / Recommendation
Allocation of clock domains
Synchronisation network robustness
Configuring master-slave synchronisation networks

120
120
122
130

7 Engineering limits

131

Number of intermediate SEC nodes in SDH networks

131

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User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Precautions and safety


For generic information on precautions and safety refer to the user guide
precautions and saftey.
Read carefully through the chapter "Precautions and Safety" before you start
work and ensure that you are familiar with all safety information provided.
Observe all the precautions to limit the risk of personal injury or damage to
equipment. In addition, observe the general safety procedures established
by your company.
Read now "Precautions and Safety".

Referenced documents

1KHW002008

1KHW002000

Precautions and safety

1KHW002045

SYNIO 305 User Guide

1KHW002044

SYNIF 164, 604 & SYNIC 118, 168 User Guide

1KHW002047

SYNUF 606 User Guide

1KHW002041

SYN4E 610 User Guide

1KHW002059

FOX User Guide

1KHW002001

FOX TDM System & Cross Connections User Guide

1KHW002013

COBUX 212, 213, 219, 223 & COBUV 217, 218, 220, 224 User Guide

1KHW002024

LOMIF 158, 152 & LOMI4 159, 151 User Guide

1KHW002032

PHLC3 127 User Guide

1KHW002041

SYN4E 610 User Guide

1KHW002060

UCST / System Operation Basics User Guide

1KHW002061

FOX MCN, Operation and Maintenance User Guide

page 6 of 132

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Technical support
ABB Technical Support is available as follows:

ABB Switzerland Ltd


Power Systems
Utility Communications
Bruggerstrasse 72
5400 Baden
Switzerland

ABB

Phone:

+41 58 589 37 35

or:

+41 844 845 845 (Call Center)

Fax:

+41 58 585 16 82

E-Mail:

utility.communication@ch.abb.com

URL:

www.abb.com/utilitycommunications

page 7 of 132

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User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

1KHW002008

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ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Overview of the NE timing system

Overview of the NE timing system

The NE timing system


General

The FOX provides the SETS and the PETS system for the NE and traffic
signal synchronisation:
PETS (Plesiochronous Equipment Timing Source)
The PETS system synchronises the PDH traffic signals and the ESO-1
3 timing signal outputs of the NE. The ESI-1 2 accept 2 MHz timing
signals for the PETS system.
It is possible to lock PETS to SETS if required. In this case, the SETS
system provides the leading timing source.
The PETS function is implemented on the COBU<X> control unit.
Two redundant control units provide automatically equipment protection
for the PETS function.
SETS (Synchronous Equipment Timing Source)
The SETS system synchronises the STM-4/1 traffic signals and the
ESO-4 timing signal output of the NE. The ESI-1 accepts a 2 MHz timing
signal for the SETS system
Synchronisation via SETS is independent of PETS. It is however possible
to synchronise the PETS system to SETS.
The SETS function is implemented on selected traffic units with STM-4
and STM-1 interfaces:

SYN4E
(SBUS unit)
SYNUF
(SBUS unit)
SYNIF
(SBUS unit)
168 User Guide
SYNIC
(SBUS unit)
168 User Guide
SYNIO
(SBUS unit)

SYN4E 610 User Guide


SYNUF 606 User Guide
SYNIF 164, 604 & SYNIC 118,
SYNIF 164, 604 & SYNIC 118,
SYNIO 305 User Guide

Hence SETS is only available with at least one of the above units implemented in the FOX.
The SYNI<X>, SYNUF, SYN4E and ATIOP units can provide equipment
protection for the SETS function (for details on the availability of the
SETS protection refer to the corresponding unit descriptions and release
notes).

ABB

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1KHW002008

Overview of the NE timing system

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

The COBU<X> control units provide interfaces for external timing signals
(ESI inputs and ESO outputs) as follows:
COBUX, COBUV
support all the interfaces for external timing signals (ESI inputs and ESO
outputs) for the PETS and SETS timing systems.
COBUL, COBUQ
support all the interfaces for external timing signals (ESI inputs and ESO
outputs) for the PETS timing systems only.
Please note that redundancy for the ESO and ESI interfaces always requires
2 control units.

PETS/SETS timing and


synchronisation functions

The PETS and SETS timing systems of the FOX provide the following timing
and synchronisation functions in the NE:
SBUS (and/or ABUS) timing
SETS is
mandatory to operate the SBUS which transports TU-12 and TU-3
traffic synchronously to the STM-4/1 frames between the SBUS units
in the SBUS sector.
not relevant for the operation of the ABUS. The ABUS transports cell
traffic between the ABUS units in the ABUS sector. The ABUS clock
can be locked to SETS or PETS. SETS has no importance for cell
traffic.
However, the ATIOP unit requires SETS for its STM-1 interface.
Selection of a traffic data stream or a timing signal which is input to the
NE for the generation of the NE timing signals:
Configuration of selected timing sources for the generation of timing
signals.
Configuration of the selection algorithm for the timing sources for the
case of failures or degradation of the selected timing signal sources.
Local clock recovery, generation and distribution.
Establishment of the Mapping Tables (if applicable) for the input timing
signals.
Establishment of Routing Tables and Mapping Tables (if applicable) for
the data streams and timing signals leaving the NE.
Implementation of synchronisation information in the data streams leaving the NE.
Since the last 3 functions are implemented on the unit level, the configuration of the timing system affects the NE and the unit level. While the main
part of synchronisation affects the NE, the availability and implementation of
traffic signals depends on the corresponding traffic unit.
The dialogue Timing Sources Status provides diagnostic functions for the
analysis of the NE timing system.
The NE timing system provides separate processing for the clock signals
and their assigned QLs (Quality Levels). The traffic interfaces extract the
quality information from the signal at the input and add the corresponding
quality information to the traffic signal at the output.

1KHW002008

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User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Overview of the NE timing system

The clocks (frequency) use clock bus structures for the distribution of the
timing signals. The QL-processing relies on the internal communication
structure of the FOX.
Please note that most of the synchronisation aspects have their
relevance mainly with TDM traffic signals and units with TDM
traffic interfaces.
For ATM traffic, most of the synchronisation and QL-information
processing functions are not applicable or relevant.
SETS with 2 SBUS/ABUS
Sectors
Application

The UCST R8<X> allows you to operate the 2 SBUS/ABUS sectors of the
FOX515 simultaneously. Depending on the configured traffic units the same
physical bus of a sector transports the SDH traffic of SBUS units or ATM
cells of ABUS units.
It is not possible to simultaneously operate SBUS and ABUS units on the
same bus. A bus sector is either operated as SBUS or ABUS. The 2
SBUS/ABUS sectors of the FOX515
are independent and self-contained from the traffic signal point of
view.
SDH traffic units (SBUS)
The SBUS allows VC-12 and VC-3 cross connections only within this
sector. It is not possible to access the SBUS from other units than the
units in slots with access to the SBUS/ABUS sector.
The SBUS sector is independent of the other sector (applies for the
FOX515 only).

ATM traffic units (ABUS)


The ABUS transports ATM cells between units only within this sector.
It is not possible to access the ABUS from other units than the units in
slots with access to the ABUS sector.
The ABUS sector is independent of the other sector (applies for the
FOX515 only).

build one logical SETS system that synchronises both SBUS/ABUS sectors (if applicable).
This means that all the
SBUS units and ABUS units with SETS (i.e. ATIOP) of both (if applicable) SBUS/ABUS sectors provide potential sources for the NE
SETS system.
ESI input signals (input via COBUX, COBUV) affect the synchronisation in both sectors the same way.
PBUS and other traffic units (if applicable) can provide timing signals
for the NE SETS system.
SBUS units of both (if applicable) SBUS/ABUS sectors use the same
SBUS clock for their traffic signals.
ATIOP units of both (if applicable) SBUS/ABUS sectors use the same
clock for their SDH traffic signals.
The physical implementation of the logical SETS system relies on the local SETS circuits of each SBUS/ABUS sector. The local SETS circuits in
both SBUS/ABUS sectors run synchronously.

ABB

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Overview of the NE timing system

Configuration

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

With the UCST you configure the logical SETS system. The physical SETS
systems (as shown in the block diagram below) are not visible:
The SBUS/ABUS sector where the first SYNI<X>, SYNUF, SYN4E or
ATIOP is (UCST) configured becomes the Prime SETS Sector.
The physical SETS circuit of the Prime SETS Sector provides the master
SBUS synchronisation signal for the NE.
The Prime SETS Sector provides the timing signals for the ESO interfaces of the COBUX or COBUV control units and reads the timing signals
from the ESI interfaces of the COBUX or COBUV.
The other sector automatically becomes the Agent SETS Sector.
The physical SETS of the Agent SETS Sector synchronises its local
SBUS/ABUS clock signal to the master SBUS synchronisation signal.

Protection

It is possible to implement SETS circuit (unit) protection independently for


the Prime and the Agent SETS Sector.
It is not possible to protect the Prime SETS Sector with the Agent SETS
Sector. If the Prime SETS Sector fails, there is no way to recover its SETS
function from the Agent SETS Sector. The Agent SETS sector synchronises
to its local internal clock signal.

1KHW002008

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ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Overview of the NE timing system

Clock frequency aspect of the timing system


Block diagram

The block diagram below shows the clock frequency aspect of the NE timing
system and the QL/SSI processing at the unit interfaces. The block diagram
shows the full physical system including the SETS systems for both
SBUS/ABUS sectors.
In addition, the diagram shows the interaction between the functional blocks
of the timing systems and the corresponding UCST dialogues.
The diagram does not show the internal QL-processing within the SETS and
PETS timing systems. The paragraph "QL-processing aspect of the timing
system" describes this aspect.
If the Prime SETS Sector features redundancy for the SETS and/or the NE
has redundancy for its PETS function, either of the Working or the Protecting
Unit may provide the active Control and Selection block. The active block
drives the timing signals and processes the QL-information. The protecting
block processes the same timing signals and information in parallel but has
high impedance outputs.

ABB

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1KHW002008

Overview of the NE timing system

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Figure 1-1:

Clock frequency aspect of the NE timing system

Agent SETS
Sector

Protecting Unit (Agent SETS Sector)

Unit <n> / SbU <m>


STM-4/1 IF

Working Unit (Agent SETS Sector)

SDH-1 (QL)
SDH-2 (QL)
SDH-3 (QL)

SF

SSM

QLRX

QLAdapted

Mapping
Table

QLTS

Unit <x> / SbU <y>


STM-4/1
SBUS

y
QLOUT

QLAdapted

Protecting Unit (Prime SETS Sector)


Working Unit (Prime SETS Sector)

Unit <n> / SbU <m>


STM-4/1 IF

QLTX

Routing
Table

SETS Input
from Prime

SDH-1 (QL)

SSM/-

Mapping
Table

SETS Inter-Sector
Synchronisation

SDH-2 (QL)
SDH-3 (QL)

Select A

SETS Output
to Agent

SF

Squelch

SSM

QLAdapted

Select C

QLRX

QLTS

ESO-4

Mapping
Table

Internal
QL = 11

Squelch

Unit <x> / SbU <y>


STM-4/1 IF
SBUS

Locked

Select B

Mapping
Table

QLOUT

(PLL)

SETS Inter-Sector
Synchronisation

Holdover
Free-running
SETS Input
from Prime

Prime SETS
Sector

QLAdapted

Internal
Frequency

SETS Output
to Agent

SSM/-

SETG

QLTX

Routing
Table

fO

Source
Monitor

Selection and Control SETS


Unit with STM-4/1 Interface and SETS

PETS locked to SETS


Protecting Unit

Unit <n> / SbU <m>

ESO-4'

Internal source
QL = N

Working Unit
PDH-1 (QL)
PDH-2 (QL)

Select P

PDH-3 (QL)

SSI

SSM

PLL

PBUS

Filter Q
(high/low)

PDH-4 (QL)

SF

ESO-1'

Squelch

QLTS

ESO
PDH

ESI-1'

QLRX

(UBUS)

SSM / SSI /-

QLOUT

ESO-2'
ESO-1

SSI

Unit <x> / SbU <y>

ESO-4

ESO-3'

ESO-2

Routing
Table

QLTX, SSI

ESO-3

ESI-2'

ESI-1
ESI-2

Timing Sources

Selection and Control PETS


COBU<X>

Source Selection
Priorities, QL override
Holdoff time/WTR
ESO-1 ... 3
ESO-4
Squelch
Recovery filter PETS

Equipment Timing Source


Source allocation

Timing Sources Status

Forced synchronisation
Lock out

Temporary
override
SbU n: Synchronisation

Synchronisation
State

Get

Output:
- Routing Table
- QL Mapping Tables
Input:
- QL Mapping Tables

NE Configuration

Unit Configuration

SF Signal Fail
Please note that the FOX512 cannot support the Agent SETS Sector
since it only has 1 SBUS/ABUS sector.

1KHW002008

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ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Source selection

Overview of the NE timing system

In the block diagram, you can easily identify the generic elements of the
SETS (upper part) and the PETS (lower part) system.
SETS
Select A
The Select A pre-selects the timing source for the ESO-4/SDH output
(via Select C) if this output operates in the mode Non SETS locked.
The Select A has access to all SETS compatible traffic sources and
ESI-1.

Select B
The Select B selects the timing source for the SBUS/ABUS and consequently for all STM-4/1 traffic signals leaving the NE. Simultaneously it provides the timing source for the ESO-4/SDH output (via Select C) if this output operates in the mode SETS locked.
The Select B has access to all SETS compatible traffic sources and
ESI-1. Additionally it can select the frequency of the internal source if
no other source is available or during holdover.

Select C
The Select C selects the timing signal for the timing signal ESO4/SDH interface depending on the ESO-SDH mode:
ESO-SDH: Non SETS locked
The timing signal for the ESO-4/SDH is provided via the Select A
switch. A squelch circuit suppresses the ESO-4 timing signal from
Select A if the QL of the selected source signal matches configurable QL values.
ESO-SDH: SETS locked
The timing signal for the ESO-4/SDH is provided via the Select B
switch. A squelch circuit suppresses the ESO-4 timing signal from
Select B if the QL of the selected source signal matches configurable QL values.
A programmable squelch function allows you to suppress the timing
signal at the ESO-4/SDH output for distinct QL values provided with
the selected timing signal.

PETS
Select P
The Select P selects the timing source for the PETS and the
ESO-1 3/PETS interfaces.

SETS Inter-Sector Synchronisation

The synchronisation between the Prime SETS Sector and the Agent SETS
Sector is established via the SETS Inter-Sector Synchronisation signal
(SISS signal):
A dedicated clock bus line (bi-directional) links the Agent SETS Sector to
the Prime SETS Sector. Both sectors access the bus line via a dedicated
SISS switch that connects the SISS signal as an input or output for their
SETS system.
The Prime SETS Sector provides the timing signal of its SETG via the
switch (set to output) and the clock bus line to the Agent SETS Sector.
The Agent SETS Sector feeds the SISS signal from the clock bus line
via its SISS switch (set to input) to its SETS Select B.

ABB

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1KHW002008

Overview of the NE timing system

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

If the Prime SETS Sector fails, the Agent SETS sector synchronises to its
local internal clock signal. The working SETS unit in the Agent SETS Sector
creates the SETS Inter-sector Synchronisation fault and the NE issues a
corresponding alarm.
The ESI and ESO signals of the Prime SETS Sector are automatically linked
with the COBUX or COBUV control unit.

Clock recovery

SETG and Holdover


The SETG (Synchronous Equipment Timing Generator) reconditions the
signal of the selected SDH timing source for the synchronisation of the
NE and if applicable for the ESO-4/SDH.
The Internal Frequency circuit provides a reference clock signal of a very
precisely defined frequency. The SETS system uses the clock of the Internal Frequency in two ways:

Internal frequency reference


After a power-up, the Internal Frequency circuit generates a reference
clock signal with a factory pre-set frequency (f0). The SETS system
synchronises to this clock as long as there is no SDH timing source
with a higher priority or QL available.
This selection corresponds to the Internal selection for the SETS system. The Internal Frequency circuit generates the clock (frequency).
The clock operation mode is Free running and the input provides the
QL = 11 (Internal) that is fixed assigned to this clock selection.
Once SETS synchronises to a SDH timing source, the automatic selection algorithm for timing sources can no longer enter this mode.
However, the synchronisation maintenance functions allows you to
override the automatic selection of the timing sources and force the
clock operation mode to Free running.

Holdover
For clock operation modes Locked the Source Monitor circuit monitors the frequency of the selected timing source signal and makes the
Internal Frequency circuit generate a clock signal of the same frequency (with an accuracy of 0.02 ppm).
If the selected source fails, the Internal Frequency circuit instantly
freezes the frequency of its signal and SETG switches immediately to
this clock signal. The SETS system enters the clock operation mode
Holdover. The frequency of SETS now corresponds very accurately
to the frequency of the SDH timing source before the failure.
In Holdover, the SETS system evaluates an alternative timing source
and the Selector B switches the corresponding signal to the SETG input. During this time, the selector B still provides the QL of the failed
timing source. If the new reference signal is available for the SETG,
the SETS system releases the Holdover mode and SETG switches to
the new reference clock signal. The clock operation mode is Locked
again.
If no SDH timing source is available, the Internal Frequency circuit
continues to provide its clock signal (with the frozen frequency) but
now provides the QL (= 11) for Internal. The clock operation mode is
Locked to Internal.

1KHW002008

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ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Overview of the NE timing system

PETS
The PLL allows you to select a PLL-filter with a high or low Q to adapt the
jitter transfer function of the timing signals.

Traffic sources

The traffic units provide the timing sources that rely on clock signals extracted from the traffic signals. The traffic signal interfaces monitor the quality of the incoming traffic signal and stop providing their clock signal in the
case of TSF (Traffic Signal Fail) or TSD (Traffic Signal Degraded) traffic signal conditions. The interface generates the TSF and TSD flags based on
failures of the layer 1 and other criteria such as TTI mismatch, BER etc.
The subunits extract the SSM and SSI information from the traffic signals at
the traffic signal inputs and adapt the QL if the subunit has a corresponding
Input Mapping Table (SYNI<X>, SYNUF, SYN4E, ATIOP). The subunits provide this QL information (QL-STMIN, QL-PDHIN) for further processing in the
SETS and PETS timing system.
It is possible to assign a traffic source to each of the internal SETS clock
buses and (if applicable) to each of the internal PETS clock buses. In the
mode SETS only the UCST automatically assigns the SETS timing signal
from SETG to the PDH-3 clock bus as the only timing source for the PETS
timing system. In this mode it is not possible to configure timing sources for
PETS.
Please note that the SYN4E has some restrictions with the access
to the internal SETS clock buses and with the selection of PDH
timing signals.

Dedicated interfaces for


timing signals

ABB

The timing systems provide dedicated inputs ESI and outputs ESO for 2048
kHz timing signals. The COBU<X> control unit provides all dedicated interfaces for external timing signals.

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Overview of the NE timing system

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Figure 1-2:

COBU<X> synchronisation interfaces

Please note that the SDH functionalities of the ESI-1 and the
ESO-4 are only available with the COBUX and COBUV control
units!

1KHW002008

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ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Overview of the NE timing system

Figure 1-3: Summary of synchronisation interfaces characteristics


IF

PETS

SETS

Impedance

Galvanic

75

120

separation

ESI-1

(X)

ESI-2

ESO-1

(X)

ESO-2

ESO-3

ESO-4

(S)

(S)

(X) and (S) tagged features are available with the templates and COBU<X>
hardware as follows:
(X), (S)

COBUX

(X), (S)

COBUV

(X)
(X)

COBUL
COBUQ

(R3)
(R4)
(R5)
(R3)
(R4)
(R5)

145, 146
212, 213
219, 223:
137, 237
217, 218
220, 224:

ROFBU 367 103/1 R2B

ROFBU 367 103/2 R1A

(R3) 215
(R4) 216:

ROFBU 367 215/1 R1B

(R3) 144:

ROFBU 367 114/1 R2C

Older COBU<X> hardware does not support the (X) features.


Older COBUX and COBUV hardware does not support the (S) features.
Status and selection override

A comprehensive status menu allows you to read the status of the NE timing
system and to temporarily override the automatic selection to debug and test
the NE timing:
Force the selection of a timing source
Lockout timing sources from the NE timing system
Keep SETS in the Holdover mode

ABB

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1KHW002008

Overview of the NE timing system

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

QL-processing aspect of the timing system


The QL (Quality Level) information for synchronisation purposes is a part of
the SSM (Synchronisation Status Message) signalling system for PDH and
SDH signals.
The table below shows the definition of the QL levels according to the ITU-T
standards (PDH according to ITU-T G.704, SDH according to ITU-T G.707):
Four 4-bit patterns for synchronisation levels are agreed to within ITU-T.
Two additional 4-bit patterns are assigned as follows:

One pattern to indicate that the quality of the synchronisation is unknown (bit pattern 0000)

One pattern to indicate that the signal should not be used for synchronisation (bit pattern 1111)

The remaining codes are reserved for quality levels defined by the individual operators.
Figure 1-4:

Allocation of QL with SSM

QL

Bit Pattern
(Note 1)

Synchronisation Quality Level (QL) description

0000

Quality unknown (existing synchronisation network)

0001

Reserved

0010

Rec. G.811

0011

Reserved

0100

SSU-A (Note 2)

0101

Reserved

0110

Reserved

0111

Reserved

1000

SSU-B (Note 2)

1001

Reserved

10

1010

Reserved

11

1011

Synchronous Equipment Timing Source (SETS)

12

1100

Reserved

13

1101

Reserved

14

1110

Reserved

15

1111

Do not use for synchronisation

NOTE 1 The 4-bit patterns are implemented in the Sa-bits of the TS0 for PDH and
in the S1-bits for the SDH traffic signals.
NOTE 2 Synchronisation Supply Unit (SSU) type A and type B align with the clock
definitions in Recommendation G.812.

In the FOX separate processes handle the QL (Quality Level) information of


the timing signal sources. The SETS and PETS system can use the QL of a
timing source as one of the parameters for the selection of their reference
timing source.

1KHW002008

page 20 of 132

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Overview of the NE timing system

It is possible to manually override the QL of a timing source (with restrictions


however) or to modify the QL-information via mapping tables. If the incoming
signal features no QL information (signals with SSI, none), a default QL will
be assigned to these signals.
The UCST allows you normally (some of the sources provide restrictions) to
assign QL values from 1 14. The FOX uses the QL = 15 to signal Do not
use this traffic signal for synchronisation.
The processing of QL depends on the timing system (SETS, PETS) and the
traffic signal interfaces. The following paragraphs describe some of the most
important processing schemes.

UBUS/PBUS traffic units


and ESI-PDH

The diagram below shows the QL information handling for traffic interfaces
with access to the UBUS/PBUS and for the ESI PDH timing signal interfaces.
Figure 1-5:

QL handling for UBUS/PBUS traffic units and ESI PDH


Select ed Source

Traf f ic signal
Input
QLRX

Ext ract ion of


QL, SSM

QLTS

Override by
QLFix

QLIn

Timing Source
Select ion

QLOut

Override QL by
Rout ing Table

Traf f ic signal
Out put
QLTX

PETS
Received
QLFix

ESI PDH

Do not use
Can be used

QLIn

QL based
select ion
Priorit y based
select ion

Override by
QLFix

QLFix

Unit Conf igurat ion

NE Conf igurat ion

Unit Conf igurat ion

The traffic sources may or may not use SSM and therefore the traffic signal
interface is able or not able to extract a QLRX from the incoming traffic signal:
Traffic source provides a timing signal with SSM
It is possible to configure the timing system so that the
QLTS is forwarded as received
QLTS is overwritten with a specified value
to generate QLIn for the Timing Source Selection.
Timing source without SSM (SSI, none)
It is possible to assign a specified QL to the timing source. Before you
can assign a QL, you have to select a priority for the timing source since
the default of the source is "disabled".
The timing signals that are provided via the ESI PDH interfaces do not carry
SSM information. It is also possible to assign a QL for these signals.

ABB

page 21 of 132

1KHW002008

Overview of the NE timing system

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Values for QL that you assign are "artificial values" without direct
relation to the quality of the timing source.
The traffic signals leaving the NE carry normally SSM information that corresponds to the selected timing source (SETS and PETS). However it is possible to override this information via the
Output Routing Table
The routing table defines for each traffic signal (leaving the NE) whether
the signal can be used or not used for synchronisation purposes.
Depending on the selected source the Routing Table marks the traffic
signal with "Can be used" or "Do not use".
Only the NE with a QL based selection mode interprets the "Do not
use" in the traffic signal. If the signal is input to an NE with a Priority Table based selection algorithm the traffic signal might be used
for synchronisation according to its priority.
STM-4/1 traffic interfaces
and ESI-SDH

The diagram below shows the QL information handling for STM-1 traffic
interfaces and for the ESI SDH timing signal interface.
Figure 1-6:

Traf f ic signal
Input
QLRX

Ext ract ion of


QL, SSM

QL handling for STM-1 traffic units and ESI SDH

QLTS

Input M apping
Table f or QL

QLAdapt ed

QLTS QLAdapted

Override by
QLFix

QLIn

Received
QLFix

Unit Conf igurat ion


ESI SDH

Override by
QLFix

QLIn

QLFix

Select ed Source

QLIn

Timing Source
Select ion

QLOut

Out put M apping


Table f or QL

QLAdapt ed

Override QL by
Rout ing Table

Traf f ic signal
Out put
QLTX

SETS
QLOut QLAdapt ed

QLIn

Do not use
Can be used

QL based
select ion
Priorit y based
select ion

NE Conf igurat ion

1KHW002008

page 22 of 132

Unit Conf igurat ion

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Overview of the NE timing system

The STM-4/1 traffic based synchronisation system provides the following


functional blocks for the QL processing at the input:
Input Mapping Table
The Input Mapping table for the STM-4/1 traffic signals maps the QLRX information that is extracted from the traffic signal to new QL values
QLAdapted.
Override by QLFix
It is possible to configure the timing system so that the

QLAdapted is forwarded as received

QLAdapted is overwritten with a specified value

to generate QLIn for the Timing Source Selection.


ESI SDH
The timing signal that is provided via the ESI SDH interface does not
carry SSM information. It is also possible to assign a QL for this signal.
Before you can assign a QL, you have to select a priority for the timing
source since the default of the source is "disabled".
Values for QL that you assign are "artificial values" without direct
relation to the quality of the timing source.
The traffic signals leaving the NE normally carry SSM information that corresponds to the selected timing source (SETS and PETS). However it is possible to override this information via the
Output Mapping Table
The Output Mapping Table for STM-4/1 traffic signals maps the QLOUT for
the NE timing to new values QLAdapted.
Output Routing Table
The routing table defines for each traffic signal (leaving the NE) whether
the signal can be used or not for synchronisation purposes.
Depending on the selected source the Routing Table marks the traffic
signal with "Can be used" or "Do not use".
Only the NE with a QL based selection mode interprets the "Do not
use" in the traffic signal. If the signal is input to an NE with a Priority Table based selection algorithm the traffic signal might be used
for synchronisation according to its priority.

ABB

page 23 of 132

1KHW002008

Overview of the NE timing system

ESO-PDH

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Figure 1-7:

QL handling for the ESO-1 3/PDH outputs


Selected Source

from Timing
Signal Sources
for PETS
QLIn

Timing Source
Selection

QLOut

Output Mapping
Table for QL

Squelched

Override QL by
Routing Table

PETS
(SETS for "SETS
only")
Squelch
Do not squelch

ESO- 1 3
PDH
Timing signal
without QL

Do not use
Can be used

QL based selection
Priority based
selection
Timing Signal is suppressed for
- "Squelch" and
- "Do not use" respectively

NE Configuration

The timing source selection for the ESO-1 3/PDH depends on the selected Equipment Timing Source:
SETS and PETS
The PETS system has its own sources which steer the Routing Tables of
the ESO-1 3/PDH outputs.
SETS only (PETS locked to SETS)
The PETS system is locked to the SETS system which provides the timing sources to steer the Routing Tables of the ESO-1 3/PDH outputs.
The Output Mapping Table for QL allows you to squelch (suppress) the timing signal for selectable QL values. A squelched timing signal is suppressed
and no longer available at the ESO interface.
The Routing Table suppresses the timing signal for an ESO depending on
the selected reference timing source. For this purpose it is possible to configure the Routing Table "Do not use" or "Can be used" for all timing sources
of the ESO-1 3/PDH.
If any of the Mapping Table or Routing Table sets the timing signal to "Do
not use" the corresponding ESO interface is switched off.

ESO-SDH

The ESO-4/SDH operates in 2 principally different modes:


SETS locked mode
Non SETS locked mode

SETS locked mode

1KHW002008

In the SETS locked mode, the SETG of the SETS system provides the timing signal for the ESO-4/SDH. The timing sources for the ESO-4/SDH are
the same as for the Select B.

page 24 of 132

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Overview of the NE timing system

Figure 1-8:

QL handling for the ESO-4 SDH output


SETS locked mode
Select ed Source

f rom Timing
Signal Sources
f or SETS
QLIn

Timing Source
Select ion
SETS
ESO SETS locked
(Select B)

QL based
select ion
Priorit y based
select ion

ESO-4
SDH
Out put M apping
Table f or QL
QLAdapt ed

QLOut

Squelch (Do not use)


QLOut QL = 15
Do not squelch
(Can be used)
QLOut QLOut

Override QL by
Rout ing Table

Timing
signal
w it hout QL

Do not use
Can be used

Timing Signal is suppressed


f or
- " Squelch" and
- " Do not use" respect ively

Unit Conf igurat ion

NE Conf igurat ion

The Output Mapping Table for QL allows you to squelch (suppress) the timing signal for selectable QL values. A squelched timing signal is suppressed
and no longer available at the ESO interface.
The Routing Table suppresses the timing signal for the ESO depending on
the selected reference timing source. To this purpose, it is possible to configure the Routing Table "Do not use" or "Can be used" for all timing sources
of the ESO-4/SDH.
If any of the Mapping Table or Routing Table sets the timing signal to "Do
not use" the ESO-4/SDH interface is switched off.

ABB

page 25 of 132

1KHW002008

Overview of the NE timing system

Non SETS locked mode

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

In the Non SETS locked mode, the ESO-4/SDH uses its own selector switch
(Select A) for the selection of the timing signal. The Select A provides the
same timing sources as the Select B but the internal source. The selection
processes and parameters implemented for the Select A are the same as for
the Select B but without the holdover function and the free running mode.
Figure 1-9:

f rom Timing
Signal Sources
f or SETS
QLIn

QL handling for the ESO-4 SDH output


Non SETS locked mode

Timing Source
Select ion

QLOut

ESO SDH
Non SETS locked
(Select A)

QL based
select ion
Priorit y based
select ion

Out put M apping


Table f or QL

ESO-4
SDH
QLAdapt ed

Timing signal
w it hout QL

Squelch (Do not use)


QLOut QL = 15
Do not squelch
(Can be used)
QLOut QLOut
Timing Signal is suppressed
f or
- " Squelch" (" Do not use" )

Unit Conf igurat ion

NE Conf igurat ion

The Output Mapping Table for QL allows you to squelch (suppress) the timing signal for selectable QL values. A squelched timing signal is suppressed
and is no longer available at the ESO-4/SDH interface.
Due to the individual selector switch for the Non SETS locked ESO-4/SDH
the function of the Output Routing Table becomes obsolete. The selection
switch allows you to eliminate timing signals from sources not suitable for
the ESO-4/SDH.

1KHW002008

page 26 of 132

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Overview of the NE timing system

The FOX allows the simultaneous operation of timing sources and output
devices that use traffic signals with SSI and SSM.

SSI/SSM processing and


selection algorithms

This parallel processing of synchronisation status protocols creates special


cases for the QL-handling and the selection of timing sources when the priority based selection algorithm is selected.
Figure 1-10:

Input
SSI
0

QL processing for SSI/SSM inputs and timing source selection for priority based selection algorithms
QL IN

State
Input

Selected QL SELECTED
source

SSM
(0) -

15

1 (15) -

QL IN

LOS

15

15

15

15

114

114

LOS

15

1)

1)

1)

15

4)

To Mapping Tables
and squelch
SSI

SSM

QL SELECTED

3)

QL SELECTED

3)

QL SELECTED

3)

Failed

New S.

Ok

Input

Failed

New S.

Ok

Input

2)

QL IN

QL SELECTED

3)

Ok

Input

2)

QL IN

QL SELECTED

3)

OK

Input

2)

QL IN

QL SELECTED

3)

Failed

New S.

QL SELECTED

3)

2)

QL IN
15

15

4)

4)

LOS Loss Of Signal


1)

A fixed assigned QL or an input Mapping Table (where applicable) define or change these QLs.

2)

Input is selected if the priority based selection algorithm selects the


input as the highest priority timing source.

3)

The Output Mapping Tables (squelch for given QL) and Output Routing Tables (squelch for selected timing source) can override the QL
SELECTED of the selected timing source and transmit an adapted QL
with the output signal.

4)

It is possible to select a timing source with QL = 15.

If the selection algorithm for the NE timing source is QL based, the selection
of the timing source looks for the best QL level, which is at least the QL = 14
of the internal source.

ABB

page 27 of 132

1KHW002008

Overview of the NE timing system

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Protection
Protection types

In the block diagram shown in the paragraph "Clock frequency aspect of the
timing system" you can identify Working and Protecting Units (thus 2 units)
for each of the SETS (Prime, Agent) and the PETS selection and control
systems:
SETS Control and Selection
The protecting block is required to implement the SETS equipment protection. Each SETS control block resides on a SYNI<X>, SYNUF, SYN4E
or ATIOP unit.
You can implement SETS equipment protection independently for each
of the SBUS/ABUS sectors.
However, it is not possible to protect the Prime SETS Sector function with
the units of the Agent SETS Sector.
PETS Control and Selection
The protecting block is required to implement PETS equipment protection. Each PETS control block resides on a COBU<X> control unit.
It becomes also evident that the redundancy of the ESI and ESO interfaces always requires equipment protection of the control unit.
The SETS/PETS equipment protection is system inherent and thus requires
no special configuration for the timing systems but the implementation of
protecting units.

SETS Protection

SETS equipment protection requires the implementation of two


SYNIF/SYNIC/SYNUF/SYN4E units (SBUS) or two ATIOP units (ABUS) in
pre-defined paired slots within the SBUS/ABUS sector:
The unit in the left slot of the SBUS/ABUS sector provides the working
(master) SETS circuit which is active under regular operating conditions.
The unit in the right slot of the same SBUS/ABUS sector provides the
protecting (slave) SETS circuit.
You can implement SETS equipment protection for the Prime and/or the
Agent SETS Sector (if applicable). The Prime and Agent Sectors can host
any mixtures of SBUS and ABUS (STM-4/1 interfaces provided).
The structure of the SBUS implies some rules for the slot allocation
of the SYNIF/SYNIC/SYNUF/SYN4E and ATIOP units that shall
provide SETS equipment protection.
Normally, the working and the protecting SETS circuits are synchronised to
the same timing source. Both circuits thus provide identical timing signals for
the NE. However, only the timing signals of the active unit drive clock lines,
while the outputs of the line drivers of the standby unit are high impedance.
Even if the synchronisation is a NE feature and is configured at the NE level,
the unit with a SETS circuit provides the alarms for the failures of its SETS
circuit. Consequently, both units normally generate the same SETS related
alarms (if any) and there are no particular alarms for the SETS protection
function.

1KHW002008

page 28 of 132

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Overview of the NE timing system

For details on these alarms, refer to the user guides of the corresponding
units.
The following events can trigger a SETS switchover:
Figure 1-11:

Events and switchover of the SETS circuit

Event

Switchover

Description

UC

Failure of the SETS


circuit

yes

One or more of the monitored internal clock


signals is/are missing.

Unit or circuit failures

yes

Failure of the local microprocessor system


(bootloader, ESW, clock and watchdog
reset)

SETS Source out of


limits

yes

The SETS circuit produces a clock signal


with a frequency or phase shift that is/that
are out of the tolerated limits.

SETS not calibrated

The internal reference frequency is not


calibrated or the corresponding entry in the
inventory data block is corrupted.
No switchover. This condition initiates the
distribution of the QL (Quality Level) value
DNU (Do Not Use) with the timing signals
within the SETS timing signal domain.

Manual

yes

Command issued via the Timing Sources


Status dialogue of the UCST.

Legend:
UC

Unconditional switchover
The local clock drivers are shut down independently of whether a protecting unit is available or not. If a protecting unit is available, it now
provides the SETS function for the NE.

Conditional switchover
If a protecting unit is available the local clock drivers are shut down to
allow the protecting unit to take over the SETS function for the NE.
The switchover from the working to the protecting unit and vice
versa is not hitless for the internal clock signals and thus may affect the synchronisation and the traffic signals.

PETS Protection

The equipment protection for the control unit provides at the same time the
PETS equipment protection.
For details on the protection of the control unit, refer to the COBUX/COBUV
User Guide.

ABB

page 29 of 132

1KHW002008

Overview of the NE timing system

Status/Maintenance

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

The UCST provides status/maintenance functions for SETS/PETS protection


via the
Timing Sources Status dialogues in the NE configuration menu that allow you to control manually the activation of redundant SETS circuits
(NEs with COBUX and COBUV only).
Board layer Status/Maintenance dialogues of the COBU<X> that allow
you to manually control the operation of redundant control units and thus
the PETS timing system.
The block diagram that is shown in the paragraph "Clock frequency aspect
of the timing system" indicates the interaction between the functional blocks
of the timing system and the corresponding UCST dialogues.

1KHW002008

page 30 of 132

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Overview of the NE timing system

Selection of timing sources


Timing sources for PETS

The PETS system provides the following timing sources and internal clock
buses:
PDH-1 4 which can provide timing signals from units with PBUS and
UBUS access and corresponding traffic interfaces. The suitability of a
traffic signal as timing source can depend on the interface operation
mode and the extraction of the timing information (e.g. CES signals of the
ACONV). For details of this aspect, refer to the unit descriptions.
If the NE uses the synchronisation mode SETS only, the SETG provides
the timing signal for PETS via the PDH-3 bus.
The UBUS units have access to the PDH-1 and 2 buses only. It is possible to use the timing signals on these two buses for PETS and SETS.
The COBU<X> provides the ESI-1 2/PDH interfaces for external
2048 kHz timing signals.
COBU<X> internal PDH timing source
The PETS system can use the internal PDH timing source on the
COBU<X> if there is no other timing source available.
This source has an accuracy of 50 ppm according to ITU-T G.703. It is
possible to assign a QL from 12 to 14 to the internal source.
Normally all timing sources of the PETS system provide a QL and a priority.

PETS selection algorithms

The PETS system selects its reference timing source from among the available timing signals with the criteria SF, QL and Priority in the following order:
1

SF (Signal Fail) for the timing source

QL (Quality Level) provided with the timing source

Priority of the timing source

This selection mode implies that all timing sources provide an appropriate
priority and QL value. Depending on the selected algorithm, the QL criterion
is omitted for the selection of the reference source.
Selection via Priority
The PETS system selects the timing source with the highest priority. If
the selected source fails, the algorithm selects the source with the next
highest priority (available). If a source with a higher priority becomes
available, the algorithm selects this source (revertive switching).
If the selected level of priority has more than one timing source, the algorithm selects any of the sources. In the case where the selected timing
source fails, another source of the same level of priority is selected (nonrevertive switching).
The selection algorithm does not consider the QL criterion!
Selection via QL
The algorithm selects the timing source with the highest QL. If there are
signals with the same QL, the priorities assigned to the timing sources
decide on the selection.
The selection algorithm considers the QL and the Priority criterion!

ABB

page 31 of 132

1KHW002008

Overview of the NE timing system

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

For details on source selection in systems with SSI and SSM timing sources,
refer to the paragraph "SSI/SSM special" in the description of the QLprocessing aspect of the timing system.

Clock Recovery

The Clock Extraction provides a filter with a selectable filter characteristic.


A wide (low Q) or narrow (high Q) filter characteristic allows the adaptation
for a pre-defined jitter transfer function:
Standard setting for multiplexer in public networks.
Low Q:
High Q: For multiplexers with interfaces to ONP.
For more information, refer to the COBUX/COBUV User Guide.

Timing sources for SETS

The SETS system provides the following internal timing sources and clock
buses:
SDH-1 3 which can provide timing signals from STM-4/1 traffic
sources.
PDH-1 2 which can provide timing signals from units with PBUS and
UBUS access.
If the NE uses the synchronisation mode SETS only, the SETG provides
the timing signal for PETS via the PDH-3 bus.
The COBU<X> provides the ESI-1/SDH interface for an external
2048 kHz timing signal.
SYNI<X>/SYNUF/SYN4E/ATIOP internal SDH timing source
The SETS system can use the internal SDH timing source on a unit with
an STM-4/1 interface (SYNI<X>/SYNUF/SYN4E/ATIOP) if there is no
other timing source available.
The internal timing source has an accuracy of 4.6 ppm. The internal
source has a fixed priority of 8 and a fixed QL of 11.
Normally all timing sources of the SETS system provide a QL and a priority.
It is possible to specify for each of the SETS timing sources a Hold-off and
WTR (Wait To Restore) time:
Hold-off time
The Hold-off time ensures that short (re-)activations of the SF (Signal
Fail) are not passed to the timing source selection process.
WTR time
The WTR time ensures that the selection process only considers a previously selected and failed timing source as available again if this source
remains fault free for the WTR time.
The Hold-off and WTR time de-bounce the selection of timing sources if the
sources provide temporary unstable timing signals.

SETS selection algorithms

1KHW002008

The SETS system selects its reference timing source from among the available timing signals with the criteria SF, QL and Priority. The SETS system
uses the same selection processes as PETS. For more information, refer to
the paragraph "PETS selection algorithms".

page 32 of 132

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Overview of the NE timing system

The following parameters and functions influence the selection process of


the SETS system:
Hold-off and WTR time
Holdover circuit
For details on source selection in systems with SSI and SSM timing sources,
refer to the paragraph "SSI/SSM special" in the description of the QLprocessing aspect of the timing system.

Clock Recovery

ABB

The SETS system does not provide configurable parameters for this function.

page 33 of 132

1KHW002008

Overview of the NE timing system

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

ESO timing signals


ESO-1 3/PDH

The ESO-1 3/PDH provide the clock signal of the PETS system. If the
Equipment Timing Source is SETS only, the PETS system synchronises to
SETS as the only source and provides the clock for ESO-1 3/PDH.

ESO-4/SDH

The ESO-4/SDH has 2 modes of operation with significant differences for the
timing signal:
SETS locked mode
The ESO-4/SDH provides a timing signal from the SETG clock recovery
circuit (via Select B). SETG reconditions the timing signal for the ESO4/SDH.
Non SETS locked mode
The ESO-4/SDH provides the timing signal from the selected timing
source (via Select A). The signal of this timing source is switched directly
to the ESO-4/SDH interface without clock recovery circuits or jitter reconditioning.
Reconditioning of the clock and elimination of jitter is required for timing signals extracted at the end of a chain with serial timing provisioning via several
NEs. The Non SETS locked ESO-4/SDH allows external reconditioning of
the extracted timing signal from an SDH interface and its feed back to the
NE e.g. via ESI-1/SDH as a new synchronous timing reference.
Figure 1-12:

Reconditioning of the SDH timing


Non SETS locked mode

SDH-1 2

PDH IF
unit

PDH-1 2

"Poor Quality"
SDH Clock

STM-1

2 Mbit/s

Select
A

Squelch

ESI-1/SDH
2 MHz

SASE

NE

Timing Sources
STM-1 IF
unit

Select
C

ESO-4/SDH
COBU<X>

COBU<X>

SETS

Select
B

2 MHz

Clock Recovery
&
Jitter
Elimination

Squelch

SETG
(PLL)

NE internal timing
SBUS, STM-1

Internal

"High Quality" SDH Reference Clock


2 MHz

SASE Stand Alone Synchronisation Equipment


The "poor quality" SDH timing source (SDH or PDH) is input to the Select A
which routes this clock via the Select C to the ESO-4/SDH. The external
SASE reconditions this clock signal and eliminates the jitter.

1KHW002008

page 34 of 132

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Overview of the NE timing system

The output of the SASE is a "high quality" SDH clock signal that the SASE
feeds to the ESI-1/SDH of the NE.
The NE selects the signal at its ESI-1/SDH as an SDH timing source with
high priority and high QL for the SETG (via Select B).

ABB

page 35 of 132

1KHW002008

Overview of the NE timing system

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Selection of the equipment timing source


To configure the NE timing system select the menu
NE Configuration Timing Sources.
The dialogue that pops up is context sensitive. This means that the dialogue
provides parameters and tabs for functional layers depending on
Availability of STM-4/1 interfaces
Synchronisation mode of the PETS system if STM-4/1 interfaces are
available.
For an explanation of the functions and the relationship between the functions, refer to the previous paragraphs ("Overview of the NE timing system").
The following paragraphs describe the configuration and parameters of the
timing system.
Please note that your NE should now contain all units that provide
traffic signals or which contribute functions to the timing system of
the NE.
The configuration of the units and subunits should correspond to
the final configuration, especially the configuration of the relevant
parameters implied with synchronisation (SSM-, SSI-mode, Terminated etc.).
The menu File Print... <Print Object = Timing Sources> allows you to
print the configuration of the timing system.
For more information on the print function and print samples, refer to UCST /
System Operation Basics User Guide.

NE without STM-4/1 interface(s)

1KHW002008

The Timing Sources dialogue for NEs without STM-1 interface(s) has no
tabs for the functional layers of SETS or selections for related parameters.
The default dialogue looks as follows:

page 36 of 132

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Figure 1-13:

Overview of the NE timing system

Timing Sources sample dialogue


NE without STM-4/1 interface(s)

The tab Traffic sources only provides the


PDH clock buses PDH-1 4
for the selection of traffic (timing) sources.
The other tabs allow the configuration of the PDH timing system (PETS,
ESO-PDH, ESO-PDH QL).
The default value for all traffic (timing) sources is "Not used".
For details on the configuration of the PDH timing system, refer to the descriptions "Configuration of the PETS system".

NE with STM-4/1 interface(s)

ABB

The Timing Sources dialogue for NEs with STM-4/1 interface(s) provides
tabs for the functional layers of SETS, PETS and related parameters. The
default dialogue looks as follows:

page 37 of 132

1KHW002008

Overview of the NE timing system

Figure 1-14:

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Timing Sources sample dialogue for SETS and PETS


NE with STM-4/1 interface(s)

The tab Traffic sources provides the


SDH clock buses SDH-1 3
PDH clock buses PDH-1 4
for the selection of traffic (timing) sources.
The other tabs allow the configuration of the SDH timing system (SETS,
ESO-SDH, ESO-SDH QL) and the PDH timing system (PETS, ESO-PDH,
ESO-PDH QL).
The default value for all traffic (timing) sources is "Not used".
The first step of configuration for a timing system with SETS is the definition
of the Equipment Timing Source. This selection decides whether your NE
has independent timing systems for PETS and SETS or not.

1KHW002008

Select

SETS and PETS

from the Equipment Timing


Source field in the dialogue if you
need independent PDH and SDH
timing systems (refer to the dialogue above).

or select

SETS only

from the Equipment Timing


Source field in the dialogue if you
want to lock the PDH timing system to the SDH timing system (refer to the dialogue below).

page 38 of 132

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Overview of the NE timing system

Figure 1-15:

Timing Sources sample dialogue for SETS only


NE with SYNIF STM-1 interface

Since this selection of the Equipment Timing Source mode is the


leading parameter for the NE synchronisation, a later change
modifies automatically the configuration of your timing system.
You lose parts of your configuration if you switch back and forward
between the settings!

ABB

page 39 of 132

1KHW002008

Overview of the NE timing system

1KHW002008

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

page 40 of 132

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Configuration of the PETS system

Configuration of the PETS system

The following paragraphs describe the configuration of the PETS system in


an NE that has
STM-4/1 interface(s)
Equipment Timing Source parameter: SETS and PETS.
The configuration of PETS in an NE without STM-4/1 interface(s) is identical
for the PETS part. However, the context suppresses all SETS relevant parameters and functional layers in the dialogue.

Traffic (timing) sources


The PETS system uses 3 types of timing sources
Traffic (timing) sources
ESI-PDH timing signal inputs
Internal timing source
This paragraph describes the allocation of the Traffic (timing) sources for the
PETS system. The other timing sources do not require such an allocation.
Select the menu

NE Configuration Timing Sources.


A dialogue as shown in the previous paragraph pops up.

ABB

Select the tab

Traffic Sources

if not already selected.

Select from the

Unit/SubUnit

combo boxes that belong to the


lines assigned to the Traffic
Sources PDH-1 4.
The combo boxes display all available timing sources for the selected Traffic Source as a list of
<Unit> <Subunit>.

page 41 of 132

1KHW002008

Configuration of the PETS system

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Figure 2-1:

Timing Sources / Traffic Sources sample dialogue


NE with STM-4/1 interface(s)

Please note that:


It only is possible to allocate UBUS units (such as the MEGIF)
to the Traffic Sources PDH-1 and 2 but not to the Traffic
Sources PDH-3 and 4!
You can allocate the PBUS units to the Traffic Sources
PDH-1 4.
It is not possible to use the UNIDA and DATA<X> subunits (n x
64 kbit/s etc.) as Traffic Sources!
You must allocate the Units/Subunits that you need for the
PETS and the SETS system to the Traffic Sources PDH-1 and
2 since these sources are available for the SETS and the PETS
system.
It is not recommended to use the SYNAC subunits as PETS
traffic sources!
The dialogue below shows the allocation of the PETS Traffic Sources.

1KHW002008

page 42 of 132

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Figure 2-2:

Configuration of the PETS system

Timing Sources / Traffic Sources sample dialogue


NE with STM-4/1 interface(s)

The allocation of the SDH-1 3 Traffic Sources is part of the configuration


of the SETS system.

ABB

page 43 of 132

1KHW002008

Configuration of the PETS system

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Selection algorithm and clock extraction


Timing sources and parameters

The selection algorithm for PETS requires that each PETS timing source has
Priority
Quality Level QL
This and the following paragraphs describe the allocation of these parameters to the timing sources of the PETS system.
Select the menu

NE Configuration Timing Sources.

Select the tab

PETS if not already selected.

Figure 2-3:

Timing Sources / PETS sample dialogue


NE with STM-4/1 interface(s)

The dialogue displays a line for each timing source of the PETS system. The
lines with the traffic (timing) sources appear only if allocated previously.
With the exception of the Internal source all the timing sources are disabled
(column Priority). It is not possible to disable the internal timing source.
Assign a

1KHW002008

Priority

page 44 of 132

to each of the sources:


- Highest priority:
1
- Lowest priority:
7

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Configuration of the PETS system

It is possible to assign the same


priority to more than one source.
Disable sources that cannot contribute to synchronisation.
Define the

Quality Level

handling for each of the sources:


- QL as received with source
- Assign a QL
For sources providing a QL value
the parameter is normally set to:
Received (= default)
For timing sources that provide no
QL or if you want to fix the QL for a
source assign a QL.
- Highest QL: 1
- Lowest QL:
14.

The use of some of the QL values is standardised (according to


ITU-T G.704 for PETS and ITU-T G.707 for SETS).
The dialogue below shows a sample of fully configured PETS timing sources.
Figure 2-4:

ABB

Timing Sources / PETS sample dialogue


NE with STM-4/1 interface(s)

page 45 of 132

1KHW002008

Configuration of the PETS system

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

If you want to use exclusively the selection algorithm Priority Table based,
you do not need to configure the QL part for the traffic sources.
Please note that:
It is not possible to assign 15 as a QL. This is because a QL =
15 means for the system "Do not use" the timing source.
If the SSM function of a unit is not active (e.g. Sa mode = SSI
G.704 for LOMIF), it is not possible to set the QL to "Received".
The MEGIF cannot handle SSM. It is not possible to set the QL
to "Received".
The ESI-1 2/PDH provide parameter ranges as follows:
Priorities: 1 6
QLs:

1 14

Internal/PDH provides parameter ranges as follows:


Priorities: 1 7
QLs:
Selection Algorithm

12, 13 and 14

Select the menu

NE Configuration Timing Sources.

Select the tab

PETS

Tag the box

Priority Table based in the field Selection Algorithm to


make the PETS selection priority
table based (the selection algorithm disregards the QLs).

or tag the box

Quality Level based to make the PETS selection QL


based (the selection algorithm
considers first the QL and then the
Priority!).

if not already selected.

Please note that:


If some timing sources forward their QL as Received and others sources have assigned QLs, make sure that the assigned
QLs do not always prime the received QLs.
If each timing source in a QL based source selection system
has an assigned QL, the selection algorithm corresponds to a
14 level priority scheme.
The definition of the PETS selection algorithm as described above requires
one of the following basic conditions for the NE timing system:
NE with PDH equipment only (no STM-4/1 interfaces)
Equipment Timing Source: SETS and PETS
The PETS systems requires no selection algorithm in the case of the Equipment Timing Source SETS only (PETS locked to SETS) because the SETS
system provides the one and only timing source for the PETS system.
The dialogue below illustrates this fact:

1KHW002008

page 46 of 132

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Figure 2-5:

Configuration of the PETS system

Timing Sources / Traffic Sources sample dialogue


NE with STM-4/1 interface(s)
SETS only (PETS locked to SETS)

The dialogue does not provide the functional layer for PETS (tab PETS) and
the corresponding parameters. However, the functional layers for the ESOPDH (Routing Tables) and the ESO-PDH QL (Squelch Functions) are still
available. It is possible to configure all the parameters of these functional
layers.
The PDH-3 traffic source locks the PETS system to the SETS timing signal .

Clock Extraction

Select the menu

NE Configuration Timing Sources.

Select the tab

PETS if not already selected.

Tag the box

Low Q

for a wide band clock recovery.


This is the standard setting.

or tag the box

High Q

for narrow band clock recovery.


This setting is used for NEs with
interfaces to ONP networks.

For detailed information on these filters and the clock recovery, refer to
COBUX 212, 213, 219, 223 & COBUV 217, 218, 220, 224 User Guide.

ABB

page 47 of 132

1KHW002008

Configuration of the PETS system

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

ESO-PDH
Routing Table

The Routing Table for the ESO-PDH defines whether the output provides its
timing signal depending on the selected timing source.
Select the menu

NE Configuration Timing Sources.

Select the tab

ESO-PDH

Figure 2-6:

if not already selected.

Timing Sources / ESO-PDH sample dialogue


NE with STM-4/1 interface(s)

The default value for all ESO-PDH and timing sources is "Can be used".

1KHW002008

Tag the

combo box

in the column allocated to the ESO


and in the line allocated to the timing source for which you want to
change the parameter.

Select

Do not use

in the combo box for the outputs


you want to become inactive in
the case where the corresponding
timing source is selected.

or select

Can be used

in the combo box for the outputs


you want to remain active in the
case where the corresponding timing source is selected.

page 48 of 132

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Signal squelch

Configuration of the PETS system

The Squelch Function for the ESO-PDH QL defines whether the ESO transmits its timing signal or not depending on the QL of the selected timing
source.
Select the menu

NE Configuration Timing Sources.

Select the tab

ESO-PDH QL

Figure 2-7:

if not already selected.

Timing Sources / ESO-PDH QL sample dialogue


NE with STM-4/1 interface(s)

The default value for all ESO-PDH QL is "Not squelched".


Tag the

box

in the column allocated to the QL


and in the line allocated to the
ESO for which you want to change
the parameter.
The tagging toggles the setting between timing signal Squelched =
[] and
Not Squelched = [ ].

Press

ABB

[OK]

to apply your new configuration


and quit to the main menu.

[Cancel]

to disregard all the changes of


your configuration and quit to the
main menu.

page 49 of 132

1KHW002008

Configuration of the PETS system

1KHW002008

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

page 50 of 132

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Configuration of the SETS system

Configuration of the SETS system

The following paragraphs describe the configuration of the SETS system in


an NE with STM-4/1 interface(s).
Please note that the SBUS/ABUS sector in which you have configured your first SYNI<X>/SYNUF/SYN4E/ATIOP unit becomes irrevocably the Prime SETS Sector.
If you want to change this allocation, you must delete all the
SYNI<X>/SYNUF/SYN4E/ATIOP units from your configuration
and restart the configuration by configuring the first
SYNI<X>/SYNUF/SYN4E/ATIOP in the SBUS/ABUS sector
that should become the Prime SETS Sector.
You can control the assignment of the Prime SETS Sector under the SETS tab in the Timing Sources dialogue.

ABB

page 51 of 132

1KHW002008

Configuration of the SETS system

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Traffic sources
The SETS system uses 3 types of timing sources
Traffic (timing) sources
ESI-SDH timing signal input
Internal timing source
This paragraph describes the allocation of the Traffic (timing) sources for the
SETS system. The other timing sources do not require such an allocation.
Select the menu

NE Configuration Timing Sources.

Select the tab

Traffic Sources

if not already selected.


A dialogue that may show no configuration or a configuration for
PETS pops up.

Figure 3-1:

Timing Sources / Traffic Sources sample dialogue


NE with STM-4/1 interface(s)
before the configuration of the SDH-<x> sources

The SETS system allows the allocation of Traffic Sources for the sources
SDH-1 3
The SETS system uses these sources exclusively. It is not possible to
use these sources for the PETS system. The only possible sources are
STM-4 and STM-1 interfaces.
PDH-1 and 2
The SETS and the PETS system share these sources. It is possible that
these sources are already allocated to Traffic Sources for the PETS system (configured with the PETS system).
To allocate Traffic Sources

1KHW002008

page 52 of 132

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Configuration of the SETS system

select from the

Unit/SubUnit

combo boxes that belong to the


lines assigned to the Traffic
Sources SDH-1 3.
The combo boxes display all available timing sources for the selected Traffic Source as a list of
<Unit> <Subunit>.

and if applicable

Unit/SubUnit

combo boxes that belong to the


lines assigned to the Traffic
Sources PDH-1 2.
The combo boxes display all available timing sources for the selected Traffic Source as a list of
<Unit> <Subunit>.

Figure 3-2:

Timing Sources / Traffic Sources sample dialogue


NE with STM-4/1 interface(s)
when configuring the SDH-<x> sources

Remark:
The "SYNAC <6> Termination-2" in the dialogue above is not part of the
SDH-1 timing source selection but is the selected timing source for PDH-2.
Please note that:
It only is possible to allocate UBUS units (such as the MEGIF)
to the Traffic Sources PDH-1 and 2 but not to the Traffic
Sources PDH-3 and 4!
You can allocate the PBUS units to the Traffic Sources PDH-1
4.
It is not possible to use the UNIDA and DATA<X> subunits (n x
64 kbit/s etc.) as Traffic Sources!
You must allocate the Units/Subunits that you need for the
PETS and the SETS system to the Traffic Sources PDH-1 and

ABB

page 53 of 132

1KHW002008

Configuration of the SETS system

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

2 since these sources are available for the SETS and the PETS
system.
The dialogue shows the integrity of the SETS system: There is
only 1 SETS system for all the SDH units in the 2 SBUS/ABUS
sectors of the FOX515.
Do not use SYNAC subunits as SETS traffic sources!
The dialogue below shows a typical allocation for the SETS (and PETS)
Traffic Sources.
Figure 3-3:

1KHW002008

Timing Sources / Traffic Sources sample dialogue


NE with STM-4/1 interface(s)

page 54 of 132

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Configuration of the SETS system

Selection algorithm and clock extraction


Timing sources and parameters

The selection algorithm for SETS requires that each SETS timing source has a
Priority
Quality Level QL
This and the following paragraphs describe the allocation of these and other
parameters to the timing sources of the SETS system.
Select the menu

NE Configuration Timing Sources.

Select the tab

SETS if not already selected.

Figure 3-4:

Timing Sources / SETS sample dialogue


NE with STM-4/1 interface(s)

The dialogue displays a line for each timing source of the SETS system. The
lines with the traffic (timing) sources appear only if allocated previously.
The right hand status field at the bottom of the dialogue indicates
which of the 2 SBUS/ABUS sectors is the Prime SETS Sector
(here the left hand sector).

ABB

page 55 of 132

1KHW002008

Configuration of the SETS system

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

With the exception of the Internal source all the timing sources are disabled
(column Priority). It is not possible to disable the internal timing source or
to change its priority.
Assign a

Priority

to each of the sources:


- Highest priority:
1
- Lowest priority:
7
It is possible to assign the same
priority to more than one source.
Disable sources that cannot contribute to synchronisation.

Define the

Quality Level

handling for each of the sources:


- QL as received with source
- Assign a QL
For sources providing a QL value
the parameter is normally set to:
Received (= default)
For timing sources that provide no
QL or if you want to fix the QL for a
source assign a QL.
- Highest QL: 1
- Lowest QL:
14.
The use of some of the QL values
is standardised.

Select the

Hold-off Time

for each of the sources:


- Range:
0 60 s
- Default value:
0s
It is not possible to assign a Holdoff Time for Internal.

Select the

WTR Time

for each of the sources:


- Range:
0 720 s
- Default value:
30 s
It is not possible to assign a WTR
Time for Internal.

The dialogue below shows a sample of fully configured SETS timing


sources.

1KHW002008

page 56 of 132

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Configuration of the SETS system

Figure 3-5:

Timing Sources / SETS sample dialogue


NE with STM-4/1 interface(s)

The above given values for the Hold-off and WTR times are proven
values for practical use. The UCST offers these values in the
combo boxes.
The UCST allows you to edit the selected value in the combo box
and select values as follows:
Hold-off time:

n x 100 ms (0, 0.1, 0.2 59.9, 60.0 s)

WTR time: n x 1 s (0, 1, 2 719, 720 s)


These ranges largely include the requirements of the EN 300 4176-1 standard.
If you want to use exclusively the selection algorithm Priority Table based,
you do not need to configure the QL part for the traffic sources.
Please note that:
It is not possible to assign 15 as a QL. This is because a QL =
15 means for the system "Do not use" the timing source.

ABB

page 57 of 132

1KHW002008

Configuration of the SETS system

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

If the SSM function of a unit is not active (e.g. no SSM on the


MS layer of the SYNI<X>/ATIOP), it is not possible to set the
QL to "Received".
The MEGIF cannot handle SSM. It is not possible to set the QL
to "Received".
The ESI-1/SDH provides parameter ranges as follows:
Priorities: 1 7
QLs:

1 14

Internal/SDH provides fixed parameters as follows:


Priority: 8
QL:
Selection Algorithm

11

Select the menu

NE Configuration Timing Sources.

Select the tab

SETS

Tag the box

Priority Table based in the field Selection Algorithm to


make the SETS selection priority
table based (the selection algorithm disregards the QLs).

or tag the box

Quality Level based to make the SETS selection QL


based (the selection algorithm first
considers the QL and then the Priority!).

if not already selected.

Please note that:


If some timing sources forward their QL as Received and others sources have assigned QLs, make sure that the assigned
QLs do not always prime the received QLs.
If each timing source in a QL based source selection system
has an assigned QL, the selection algorithm corresponds to a
14 level priority scheme.

1KHW002008

page 58 of 132

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Configuration of the SETS system

ESO-SDH (Non SETS locked mode)


The configuration of the ESO-SDH parameters depends on the selector
switch that provides a timing signal for the ESO-SDH. The paragraph below
describes the configuration for the ESO-SDH in the Non SETS locked
mode (timing signal via the Select A).
Select the menu

NE Configuration Timing Sources.

From the field

ESO-SDH

Figure 3-6:

select the parameter non SETS


locked if not already selected.

Timing Sources / Traffic Sources sample dialogue


NE with STM-4/1 interface(s)

In this mode, the functional layer ESO-SDH provides the same functions for
the selection of a timing source as the SETS functional layer.

Timing sources and parameters

The selection algorithm for the ESO-SDH requires that each timing source
has a
Priority
Quality Level QL

ABB

Select the menu

NE Configuration Timing Sources.

Select the tab

ESO-SDH

page 59 of 132

if not already selected.

1KHW002008

Configuration of the SETS system

Figure 3-7:

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Timing Sources / ESO-SDH sample dialogue


NE with STM-4/1 interface(s)
ESO-SDH non SETS locked

The dialogue displays a line for each timing source of the SETS system. The
lines with the traffic (timing) sources appear only if allocated previously. Internal is not available as a timing source for the ESO-SDH.
For the configuration and parameters, refer to the corresponding paragraphs
for the functional layer SETS.
The dialogue below shows a sample of fully configured SETS timing
sources.

1KHW002008

page 60 of 132

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Figure 3-8:

Selection Algorithm

Configuration of the SETS system

Timing Sources / ESO-SDH sample dialogue


NE with STM-4/1 interface(s)
ESO-SDH non SETS locked

Select the menu

NE Configuration Timing Sources.

Select the tab

ESO-SDH

if not already selected.

For the configuration and parameters, refer to the corresponding paragraphs


for the SETS functional layer.

ABB

page 61 of 132

1KHW002008

Configuration of the SETS system

Signal squelch

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

The Squelch Function for the ESO-SDH QL defines whether the ESO transmits its timing signal depending on the QL of the selected timing source.
Select the menu

NE Configuration Timing Sources.

Select the tab

ESO-SDH QL

Figure 3-9:

if not already selected.

Timing Sources / ESO-SDH QL sample dialogue


NE with STM-4/1 interface(s)
ESO-SDH non SETS locked

The default value for all ESO-SDH QL "Not squelched".


Tag the

box

in the column allocated to the QL


and in the line allocated to the
ESO for which you want to change
the parameter.
The tagging toggles the setting between timing signal Squelched =
[] and
Not Squelched = [ ].

Press

1KHW002008

[OK]

to apply your new configuration


and quit to the main menu.

[Cancel]

to disregard all the changes of


your configuration and quit to the
main menu.

page 62 of 132

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Configuration of the SETS system

ESO-SDH (SETS locked mode)


The configuration of the ESO-SDH parameters depends on the selector
switch that provides a timing signal for the ESO-SDH. The paragraph below
describes the configuration for the ESO-SDH in the SETS locked mode
(timing signal via the Select B).
Select the menu

NE Configuration Timing Sources.

From the field

ESO-SDH

Figure 3-10:

select the parameter SETS locked


if not already selected.

Timing Sources / Traffic Sources sample dialogue


NE with STM-4/1 interface(s)

In this mode, the functional layer ESO-SDH provides a Routing Table for the
ESO-4/SDH.

ABB

page 63 of 132

1KHW002008

Configuration of the SETS system

Routing Table

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

The Routing Table for the ESO-SDH defines whether the output provides its
timing signal depending on the selected timing source.
Select the menu

NE Configuration Timing Sources.

Select the tab

ESO-SDH

Figure 3-11:

if not already selected.

Timing Sources / ESO-PDH sample dialogue


NE with STM-4/1 interface(s)
ESO-SDH SETS locked

The default value for all timing sources of the ESO-4/SDH and is "Can be
used".

1KHW002008

Tag the

combo box

in the line allocated to the timing


source for which you want to
change the parameter.

Select

Do not use

in the combo box for the outputs


you want to become inactive if
the corresponding timing source is
selected.

or select

Can be used

in the combo box for the outputs


you want to remain active if the
corresponding timing source is selected.

Press

[OK]

to apply your new configuration


and quit to the main menu.

[Cancel]

to disregard all the changes of


your configuration and quit to the
main menu.

page 64 of 132

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Signal squelch

Configuration of the SETS system

The Squelch Function for the ESO-SDH QL defines whether the ESO-4/SDH
transmits its timing signal or not depending on the QL of the selected timing
source.
Select the menu

NE Configuration Timing Sources.

Select the tab

ESO-SDH QL

if not already selected.

The parameters are identical to the parameters of the ESO-SDH in the Non
SETS locked mode. For the configuration and parameters, refer to the corresponding paragraphs for the ESO-SDH in the Non SETS locked mode.

ABB

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Configuration of the SETS system

1KHW002008

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

page 66 of 132

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Routing and mapping tables of units

Routing and mapping tables of units

Application
The routing and mapping tables for traffic signals belong to the unit level.
Since both functions are a part of the overall NE timing system, the following
paragraphs provide some basic information on the configuration of these
functions in the units.
The availability of the routing and mapping tables depends on the unit and
the traffic signal (SSM, SSI, none).

ABB

page 67 of 132

1KHW002008

Routing and mapping tables of units

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

LOMIF type E12/P12 traffic signal layer


The LOMIF type E12/P12 traffic layer is used in most traffic units with E12
interfaces and/or P12 functionality. This implementation of the E12/P12 traffic layer is generic for the FOX and the corresponding traffic units.
Depending on the P12- and the Sa-mode the LOMIF type E12/P12 traffic
layers provide
SSM, SSI or none
Routing Table
For details on these functions and corresponding parameters, refer to the
corresponding traffic unit descriptions/user guides or LOMIF 158, 152 & LOMI4
159, 151 User Guide.
Select menu

Figure 4-1:

Unit Configuration Parameters


to open the Unit Configuration
Parameters dialogue
LOMIF: Unit Configuration Parameters sample dialogue

Select Sa mode

and configure SSI, SSM G.704 or a NT1 mode.

Press

[ ]

in the column Routing table in the


line allocated to the subunit you
want to configure.
The PDH Routing Table dialogue
pops up.

1KHW002008

page 68 of 132

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Figure 4-2:

Routing and mapping tables of units

E12/P12: PDH Routing Table sample dialogue

The Routing Table allows you to define for each PDH timing source, what
synchronisation information the traffic signal leaving the subunit (2 Mbit/s
traffic signal layer) carries when a particular timing source becomes active.
Accordingly, it is possible to select between 2 states for any of the possible
timing sources:
Do not use
means, that the traffic signal carries information that says that the signal
should not be used for synchronisation purposes. The corresponding parameters are set as follows:

SSI:
SSM:

Sa5 = 0
QLTX = 15

Can be used
means, that the traffic signal carries information that says that the signal
can be used for synchronisation purposes. The corresponding parameters are set as follows:

Press

SSI:
SSM:

Sa5 = 1
QLTX as provided with the NE timing signal

[OK]

to apply your new configuration


and quit to the traffic layer.

[Cancel]

to disregard all the changes of


your configuration and quit to the
traffic layer.

For more information on the configuration of SSI- and SSM-mode, refer to


the corresponding Unit Descriptions and User Guides.

ABB

page 69 of 132

1KHW002008

Routing and mapping tables of units

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

MEGIF type E12/P12 traffic signal layer


This implementation of the E12/P12 traffic layer applies only for legacy traffic
units (e.g. MEGIF, TUNOP etc.).
The interfaces of the MEGIF type E12/P12 traffic layer provide
SSI or none
Routing Table

Select menu

Figure 4-3:

Press

Unit Configuration Parameters


to open the Unit Configuration
Parameters dialogue
MEGIF: Unit Configuration Parameters sample dialogue

[ ]

in the column Routing table in the


line allocated to the subunit you
want to configure.
The PDH Routing Table dialogue
pops up.

Figure 4-4:

2 Mbit/s: PDH Routing Table sample dialogue

The Routing Table allows you to define for each PDH timing source, what
synchronisation information the traffic signal leaving the subunit (E12/P12
traffic signal layer) carries when a particular timing source becomes active.
However, it is not possible to alter the synchronisation information in the traffic signals leaving the MEGIF unit for some of the timing sources:
Traffic Sources allocated to the PDH-3 and 4 clock buses

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User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Routing and mapping tables of units

ESI-2/PDH
For all the other timing sources, you can select between 2 states. Since the
MEGIF provides only the SSI mode, the traffic signal uses the Sa5 bit for information:
Do not use
means that the traffic signal carries information that says that the signal
should not be used for synchronisation purposes:

SSI:

Sa5 = 0

Can be used
means that the traffic signal carries information that says that the signal
can be used for synchronisation purposes:

Press

SSI:

Sa5 = 1
[OK]

to apply your new configuration


and quit to the traffic layer.

[Cancel]

to disregard all the changes of


your configuration and quit to the
traffic layer.

For more information on the configuration of SSI- and SSM-mode, refer to


the corresponding Unit Descriptions and User Guides.

ABB

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Routing and mapping tables of units

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

STM-4/1 MS traffic layer


The STM-4/1 MS traffic layer is used in traffic units with STM-4/1 interfaces
and is generic for the FOX and the corresponding traffic units.
The STM-4/1 MS functional layer (SYNI<X>/SYNUF/SYN4E/SYNOT and
ATIOP) provides
SSM or none (note that on SYN4E SSM is always enabled)
Routing Table
Input Mapping Table
Output Mapping Table
For details on these functions and corresponding parameters, refer to the
corresponding traffic unit SYNIO 305 User Guide and PHLC3 127 User Guide.
Select menu

Unit Configuration Parameters


to open the Unit Configuration
Parameters dialogue.

Select the tab

MS

Figure 4-5:

Input Mapping Table

Press

if not already selected. The SSM


Mode is enabled if the corresponding subunit (STM-<X>) is a Traffic
(timing) Source for SETS.

SYNIO: Unit Configuration Parameters / MS


sample dialogue

[ ]

in the column Input Mapping


Table in the line allocated to the
subunit you want to configure.
The Input Mapping Table dialogue pops up.

Figure 4-6:

1KHW002008

STM1-<X>: Input Mapping Table


sample dialogue

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User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Routing and mapping tables of units

The Input Mapping Table translates the QLTS that the subunit extracts from
the incoming traffic signal to any value QLAdapted. The default translation is a
1:1 translation (QLAdapted = QLTS). The QLAdapted is now valid for the corresponding traffic source.
It is possible to assign any value from 1 15 to any of the QLTS.
Press

[OK]

to apply your new configuration


and quit to the traffic layer.

[Cancel]

to disregard all the changes of


your configuration and quit to the
traffic layer.

Please note that the configuration of the Input Mapping Table is


rare!
For most applications, the Mapping Table provides a 1:1 QL translation.

Output Mapping Table

Press

[ ]

in the column Outing Mapping


Table in the line allocated to the
subunit you want to configure.
The Output Mapping Table dialogue pops up.

Figure 4-7:

STM-<X>: Output Mapping Table


sample dialogue

The Output Mapping Table translates the QLOut of the SETS timing signal to
any new value QLAdapted. The default translation is a 1:1 translation (QLAdapted
= QLOut). The QLAdapted is now valid for the SETS timing signal.
It is possible to assign any value from 1 15 to any of the QLOut.
Press

[OK]

to apply your new configuration


and quit to the traffic layer.

[Cancel]

to disregard all the changes of


your configuration and quit to the
traffic layer.

Please note that the configuration of the Output Mapping Table is


rare!
For most applications, the Mapping Table provides a 1:1 QL translation.

ABB

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Routing and mapping tables of units

Routing Table

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Press

[ ]

in the column Routing Table in the


line allocated to the subunit you
want to configure.
The SDH Routing Table dialogue
pops up.

Figure 4-8:

STM1-<X>: SDH Routing Table


sample dialogue

The Routing Table allows you to define for each SDH timing source, what
synchronisation information the traffic signal leaving the subunit (STM-1 MS
traffic signal layer) carries when a particular timing source becomes active.
Accordingly, it is possible to select between 2 states for any of the possible
timing sources:
Do not use
means that the traffic signal carries information that says that the signal
should not be used for synchronisation purposes:

SSM:

QLTX = 15

Can be used
means that the traffic signal carries information that says that the signal
can be used for synchronisation purposes:

Press

SSM:

QLTX as provided with the NE timing signal


[OK]

to apply your new configuration


and quit to the traffic layer.

[Cancel]

to disregard all the changes of


your configuration and quit to the
traffic layer.

For more information on the configuration of units with STM-4/1 traffic interface units, refer to the corresponding Unit Descriptions and User Guides.

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User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

Status/Maintenance of the
NE timing system

Generic description
The UCST provides diagnostic functions that allow you to read the status of
the timing sources and of the NE timing system. For maintenance purposes,
it is possible to manually override the automatic selections.
The main purpose of these maintenance functions is to dynamically
test/debug the NE synchronisation system and if applicable to monitor the
influence on the network synchronisation.
To access these functions
select the menu

NE Configuration Timing Sources Status .

To use the diagnostic functions the UCST requires management


communication with the NE!
If the communication path is not yet available the UCST requests
you to connect the EM to the NE.
For more information on the management communication, refer to
the corresponding chapters in UCST / System Operation Basics
User Guide.
The Timing Sources Status dialogue provides functional layers for the
PETS, SETS, ESO-SDH (Non SETS locked mode) system.
The dialogues are generic for all 3 functional layers. However, the availability of some functions and parameters depends on the corresponding
functional layer (tab PETS, SETS and ESO-SDH).
additionally the SETS Protection tab for NEs with SETS equipment protection.
The Timing Sources Status dialogue comes automatically with this tab if
the NE has SETS equipment protection.
The SETS Protection layer is different from the PETS, SETS and
ESO-SDH layers.
The paragraphs under "SETS protection layer" at the end of this
chapter describe the corresponding dialogue and functions.

ABB

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Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

The dialogue below illustrates the structure and parameters of the diagnostic
menu with an example of the status dialogue for the SETS layer (examples
shown with the SETS Protection tab).
Figure 5-1:

Timing Sources Status / SETS sample dialogue

The Timing Status dialogues provide 2 types of data: Timing system configuration data and status information.
Configuration data (static information)
The UCST reads the corresponding values back from the Timing Sources
configuration data:

Source identification
Priority of the timing sources
Selection Algorithm for clock extraction

Status data (dynamic information)


The UCST reads the values from the NE (management communication!):
QLs (Quality levels) of the timing sources
Status of the timing sources and maintenance functions
Selected Source
Output Status (ESO-<X>)
etc.
The dialogues group this data and display the corresponding parameters as
follows (overview):
Timing Sources and associated parameters (in columns)
Source
Source provides the identification of the timing source. The names
correspond to the allocated timing sources of the PETS, SETS or
ESO-SDH layer.

1KHW002008

Priority
Priority displays the priority of the allocated timing source.

QL
QL reflects the value QLIn of the allocated timing source.

page 76 of 132

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User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

Status
Status describes the disposability of the allocated timing source.
The possible reported states depend on the functional layer.

Command
Command provides a field that has a double function:
You can force the selected timing source to change its (system)
state for maintenance purposes.
It provides information on the forced status of the timing source.
These manual commands override the automatic selection. They
however are not configuration data and thus not stored in the MIB database.
The commands available depend on the selected functional layer.

Source selected
The field displays the presently selected timing source for the functional
layer.
Miscellaneous control and monitor functions
The bottom part of the Timing Source Status dialogue gives room to 4
fields. Corresponding fields of the functional layers always take the same
position in the dialogue. The availability of the fields depends on the selected functional layer. The 4 fields provide functions as follows (left to
right):

Selection Algorithm
This field indicates the configured Selection Algorithm for the timing
sources of the selected functional layer:
Priority Table based
Quality Level based
This field is available with all the PETS, SETS and ESO-SDH layers.

Clock Operation Type


This field allows you to force the Clock Operation Mode for the SETS
and PETS system:
Auto selection
Forced free-run
Forced holdover (SETS only)
This field is not available with the ESO-SDH layer.

Clock Operation Mode


This field monitors the present operation mode of the SETS system:
Locked
Free-running
Holdover
This field is not available with the PETS and the ESO-SDH layers.

Output Status (not shown in the sample dialogue above)


This field monitors the status of the timing signals at the ESO for the
PETS and the ESO-SDH systems:
Active
Squelched
This field is not available with the SETS layer.

ABB

page 77 of 132

1KHW002008

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

The UCST adapts the layers of the Timing Sources Status dialogue to the
configuration of the NE and the timing system. Thus, it is possible that the
Timing Sources Status dialogue provides at that time the functional layers
for
1

PETS, SETS, ESO-SDH

SETS and PETS


ESO-SDH: Non SETS locked

PETS, SETS

SETS and PETS


ESO-SDH: SETS locked

SETS, ESO-SDH

SETS only: PETS locked to SETS


ESO-SDH: Non SETS locked

SETS

SETS only: PETS locked to SETS


ESO-SDH: SETS locked

PETS

No STM-4/1 interfaces

For timing systems with the SETS layer but no ESO-SDH layer (ESO-SDH:
SETS locked, cases 2 and 4 above) the SETS layer provides the ESO-SDH
monitor.
Refer to the paragraphs below for detailed information on the functions and
parameters of the Timing Sources Status menu.

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User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

PETS layer
Functions and parameters

Select the menu

NE Configuration Timing Sources Status.

Select the tab

PETS

for the PDH timing system.

Press

[Get]

to update the parameters of the


dialogue.

Figure 5-2:

Timing Sources Status / PETS sample dialogue

The PETS layer provides the following commands and status monitors for
the allocated timing sources:
Priority (column Priority):
Priority displays the configured priority of the allocated timing source.
Parameter range: 1 7
QL (column QL):
QL reflects the value QLIn at the input of Select P of the allocated timing
source.
Parameter range: 1 15
States (column Status):
- Available

Timing source and timing signal


are available.

Failed

Timing source and timing signal


are not available (= signal is not
usable for synchronisation purposes).

Not Supervised

Configured timing source that is


disabled ("Priority" = "Disabled").

Commands (Command column):


The commands override the automatic selection of timing sources:

ABB

page 79 of 132

1KHW002008

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Forced switch

forces the selection algorithm to


synchronise the PETS system to
this source.
If the source is not available (=
failed) Internal is selected.

Set lock out

forces the selection algorithm to


disregard this timing source for the
selection of a timing source.

Release

removes any existing forced"


state.

After selection, the UCST confirms the acceptance of the command in


the field as
<Command> (Done)
The UCST always issues this confirmation independently of whether the
command is active in the NE (for rules, refer to notes below). To confirm
the real state read the status back from the NE via a Get command.
Commands Status (Command column):
The [Get]-function allows you to refresh the status information in the Timing Sources Status dialogue. The Command column displays "forced"
states for the corresponding timing source as follows:
-

Forced switch active

indicates that a maintenance


command forces the PETS system
to synchronise to the corresponding timing source.

Locked out

indicates that a maintenance


command disqualifies the corresponding timing source for the
PETS system.

Please note that:


The PETS layer allows you to apply one command (e.g. the
Lock out command) to one timing source at a time. This means
practically:
It is not possible to have more than 1 timing source of the
PETS system with a "forced" state.
If you force a state for a new source while some other
source is already in a "forced" state, the latter is released
and the last selected source now enters a "forced" state.
The Release command removes any forced" state independently of the timing source for which you apply the command.
The PETS layer provides the following commands and monitor functions for
synchronisation and the ESO interfaces:

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User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

Clock Operation Type:


- Auto selection

Forced free-run

allows the PETS system to use the


configured Selection Algorithm to
select the timing source for synchronisation.
forces the PETS system to synchronise to the internal PDH timing
source.

Output Status (ESO-1 3/PDH):


The Output Status monitors the states of the ESO-PDH as follows:
-

ESO-<X> Active

indicates that the corresponding


output can provide its timing signal.

ESO-<X> Squelched

indicates that the corresponding


output cannot provide its timing
signal. The signal is squelched
due to the
- ESO Routing Table
- ESO Squelch function.

The [Get]-function allows you to refresh the display of the timing system
status. You select the ESO-<X> via the scroll bars to the right of the display.
The application of "forced" states (sources, selection) generates
the COBU<X> alarm:
Board

Use of PETS diagnostic


functions and examples

Sync. maintenance function active

The following examples illustrate the use and possibilities of the Timing
Sources Status menu.
Please note that:
The examples are for demonstration of the diagnostic functions
only!
The configurations shown do not claim to be examples for the
implementation of the NE timing system.
It is not recommended to use SYNAC subunits as a timing
source for the PETS system.
Consider the special cases of QL processing and timing source
selection as described in the paragraphs "SSI/SSM processing
and selection algorithms".

ABB

page 81 of 132

1KHW002008

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

Figure 5-3:

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

PETS maintenance sample

The example illustrates the behaviour for the Priority Table based Selection
Algorithm. The states and (for the example) relevant parameters of the
PETS system are:
Sources
Failed:
None
Command Status: None
Source selected:

SYNAC <6> Termination-2

Clock Operation Type:

Auto selection

Output Status:
ESO-1:
ESO-2:
ESO-3:

Active
Squelched
Active

The "Not Supervised" state in the status column indicates a configured timing source that is disabled ("Priority" = "Disabled" in the
Timing Sources dialogue).

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User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Lock out a source

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

Lock out source

SYNAC <6> Termination-2

Press

[Get]

Figure 5-4:

PETS maintenance sample

The state and relevant parameters of the PETS system are now:
Sources
Failed:
Command Status:

None
SYNAC <6> Termination-2 Locked out

Source selected:

LOMIF <1> 2Mbit/s-4 yourLabelSub-4

Clock Operation Type:

Auto selection

Output Status:
ESO-1:
ESO-2:
ESO-3:

Active
Active
Squelched

The Output Status changes due to the selected source (Routing Table) and
to the QL (QL Squelch) of the new source.
Force switch

ABB

For some reason the source LOMIF <1> 2Mbit/s-4 fails.


Force switch

LOMIF <1> 2Mbit/s-4

Press

[Get]

page 83 of 132

1KHW002008

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

Figure 5-5:

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

PETS maintenance sample

The state and relevant parameters of the PETS system are now:
Sources
Failed:
Command Status:

LOMIF <1> 2 Mbit/s-4 (QL = 15!)


LOMIF <1> 2 Mbit/s-4 Forced switch active

Source selected:

Internal

Clock Operation Type:

Auto selection

Output Status:
ESO-1:
ESO-2:
ESO-3:

Squelched
Squelched
Squelched

The command forces the synchronisation to LOMIF <1> 2 Mbit/s-4 which is


apparently not available (Failed). The PETS system synchronises to Internal.
Of course it is possible to switch to any available timing source.
Leaving the NE with "forced" states might create failures of synchronisation.
"Forced" states persist until you remove them!

1KHW002008

Select the tab

SETS or ESO-SDH

to access the maintenance functions for the corresponding layer.

Press

[Close]

to close Timing Sources Status


and quit to the main menu.

page 84 of 132

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User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

SETS layer
Functions and parameters

All the SETS status and diagnostic functions are for the logical
SETS system which is physically the SETS system in the Prime
SETS Sector.
Select the menu

NE Configuration Timing Sources Status.

Select the tab

SETS

for the SDH timing system.

Press

[Get]

to update the parameters of the


dialogue.

Depending on the operation mode of the ESO-SDH, the SETS layer provides the field for Output Status parameters (ESO-4):
The SETS Status dialogue has no Output Status indication for
1

PETS, SETS, ESO-SDH

SETS and PETS


ESO-SDH: Non SETS locked

SETS, ESO-SDH

SETS only: PETS locked to SETS


ESO-SDH: Non SETS locked

Figure 5-6:

Timing Sources Status / SETS


ESO-SDH Non SETS locked sample dialogue

The SETS Status dialogue has an Output Status indication for

ABB

PETS, SETS

SETS and PETS


ESO-SDH: SETS locked

SETS

SETS only: PETS locked to SETS


ESO-SDH: SETS locked

page 85 of 132

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Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

Figure 5-7:

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Timing Sources Status / SETS


ESO-SDH SETS locked sample dialogue

The SETS layer provides the following commands and status monitors for
the allocated timing sources:
Priority (column Priority):
Priority displays the configured priority of the allocated timing source.
Parameter range: 1 7, 8 for Internal
QL (column QL):
QL reflects the value QLIn at the input of the Select B of the allocated timing source.
Parameter range: 1 15
States (column Status):
- Not Supervised

Available

is the state information for disabled


inputs of the SDH timing system (=
no source allocated).
Timing source and timing signal
are available.
The source enters this state after
the elapse of the WTR time.

Holdoff

is indicated for the source after the


source failed (after a short time or
permanently) and while its Holdoff
time is running.

Failed

Timing source and timing signal


are not available (= signal is not
usable for synchronisation purposes).
The source enters this state after a
permanent failure and the expiry of
the Holdoff time.

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User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

WTR (Wait To Restore)

is indicated for the source if the


source is available again after a
(permanent) failure and while its
WTR time is running.

Commands (Command column):


The commands override the automatic selection of timing sources:
-

Forced switch

forces the selection algorithm to


synchronise the SETS system to
this source.
If the source is not available (=
failed) Internal is selected.

Manual switch

forces the selection algorithm to


synchronise the SETS system to
this source.
However, the switch request is
only honoured if the (for the switch
command) selected source is
available. A source is not available
if its state is:
- Failed
- WTR
- Forced switch active
etc.

Clear switch

releases Forced switch active for


the selected timing source.

Set lockout

forces the selection algorithm to


disregard this timing source for the
selection of a timing source.

Clear lockout

releases Locked out for the selected timing source. The source
becomes selectable again.

Clear WTR

clears the WTR state for the selected timing source. The source
becomes available.

After selection, the UCST confirms the acceptance of the command in


the field as
<Command> (Done)
The UCST always issues this confirmation independently of whether the
command is active in the NE (for rules, refer to notes below). To confirm
the real state read the status back from the NE via a Get command.
Commands Status (Command column):
The [Get]-function allows you to refresh the display of the timing system
status. The Command column displays a "forced" status for the corresponding timing source as follows:
-

ABB

Forced switch active

page 87 of 132

indicates that a diagnostics command forces the SETS system to


synchronise to the corresponding
timing source.

1KHW002008

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Manual switch active

indicates that a diagnostics command forces the SETS system to


synchronise to the corresponding
timing source.

Locked out

indicates that a diagnostic command disqualifies the corresponding timing source for the SETS
system.

Please note that:


The SETS layer allows you to apply the Set lockout command
to several sources at a time.
It is only possible to have Forced switch active for 1 timing
source at a time. If you apply a Forced switch to a new source,
the UCST clears the Forced switch active state for the other
source.
It is not possible to override a Locked out source with a switch
command (Although confirmed with "Forced/Manual Switch
done", [GET] provides the current state Locked out). However,
it is possible to lock out a source with a Forced switch active
state.
It is only possible to apply a Manual switch command if you
remove a pending Forced switch active previously.
The Clear commands remove the corresponding "forced" state
only from the timing source for which you apply the command.
The SETS layer provides the following commands and monitor functions for
the synchronisation system:
Clock Operation Type:
- Auto selection

allows the SETS system to use the


configured Selection Algorithm to
select the timing source for synchronisation.

Forced free-run

forces the SETS system to synchronise to Internal.

Forced holdover

forces the SETS system to enter


the holdover state. The SETS system synchronises to Internal.
Internal provides a clock frequency
that corresponds closely to the
clock frequency that the selected
source provided at the time of the
forced holdover.

Clock Operation Mode:


- Locked

1KHW002008

Free-running

page 88 of 132

indicates that the SETS system is


synchronised (= locked) to the selected timing source.
indicates that the SETS system
has no timing source and synchronises to Internal.

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

Holdover

indicates that the SETS system is


in the Holdover state and synchronises to Internal.
Internal provides a clock frequency
that corresponds exactly to the
clock frequency that the selected
source provided at the time of the
(forced) holdover.

ESO-SDH SETS locked only Output Status (ESO-4):


The Output Status monitors the state of the ESO-SDH as follows:
-

ESO-4 Active

indicates that the ESO-4 interface


can provide its timing signal.

ESO-4 Squelched

indicates that the ESO-4 interface


cannot provide its timing signal.
The signal is squelched due to the
- ESO Squelch function.

The [Get]-function allows you to refresh the display of the timing system
status.
The application of "forced" states (sources, selection) generate the
COBU<X> alarm:
Board

ABB

Sync. maintenance function active

page 89 of 132

1KHW002008

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Use of SETS Timing Sources The following examples illustrate the use and possibilities of the SETS status
menu.
Status and examples
Please note that:
The examples are for demonstration of the diagnostic functions
only!
The configurations shown do not claim to be examples for the
implementation of the NE timing system.
Do not use SYNAC subunits as a timing source for the SETS
system.
Consider the special cases of QL processing and timing source
selection as described in the paragraphs "SSI/SSM processing
and selection algorithms".
Figure 5-8:

SETS maintenance sample

After any command (especially the Holdover command), allow the


system to synchronise before you press [Get]. This may last a couple of seconds.
The example illustrates the behaviour for the Priority Table based Selection
Algorithm. The states and relevant parameters of the SETS system are:
Sources
Failed:
Holdoff:
WTR:
Command Status:

None
None
None
SYNIF <4> STM1: Locked out

Source selected:

ESI-1

Clock Operation Type:

Auto selection

Clock Operation Mode:

Locked

All the Holdoff and WTR times are 60 s.

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User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Holdoff, WTR and Holdover

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

The source ESI-1 fails.


To illustrate the Holdover process and the Holdoff and WTR times, refer to
the dialogues below.
Press
Figure 5-9:

[Get]
SETS maintenance sample

The state and relevant parameters of the SETS system are now:
Sources
Failed:
Holdoff:
WTR:
Command Status:

None
ESI-1 (QL = 3)
None
SYNIF <4> STM1: Locked out

Source selected:

ESI-1

Clock Operation Type:

Auto selection

Clock Operation Mode:

Holdover

The SETS system immediately switches to Holdover as a Clock Operation


Mode. The SETS system keeps this mode (with the old ESI-1 QL = 3) until
the Holdoff time for the ESI-1 source (= Holdoff status) expires.
Read the Timing Sources Status again after the expiry of the Holdoff time:
Press

ABB

[Get]

page 91 of 132

1KHW002008

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

Figure 5-10:

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

SETS maintenance sample

The state and relevant parameters of the SETS system are now:
Sources
Failed:
Holdoff:
WTR:
Command Status:

ESI-1 (QL = 15)


None
None
SYNIF <4> STM1: Locked out

Source selected:

SYNIF <2> STM1

Clock Operation Type:

Auto selection

Clock Operation Mode:

Locked

The selection algorithm selects SYNIF <2> STM1 as the new timing source
since SYNIF <4> STM1 is Locked out and not available for selection.
The ESO-1 source becomes available again.
Press

1KHW002008

[Get]

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ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Figure 5-11:

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

SETS maintenance sample

The state and relevant parameters of the SETS system are now:
Sources
Failed:
Holdoff:
WTR:
Command Status:

None
None
WTR (QL = 15)
SYNIF <4> STM1: Locked out

Source selected:

SYNIF <2> STM1

Clock Operation Type:

Auto selection

Clock Operation Mode:

Locked

Until the WTR time of the now available ESI-1 source expires (= WTR
status), the SETS system continues to synchronise to SYNIF <2> STM1.
Via the Clear WTR command, it is possible to cut the WTR period and force
the synchronisation back to the ESI-1 source:
Select

ABB

Clear WTR

page 93 of 132

command for the ESI-1 timing


source (no [Get] this time!).

1KHW002008

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

Figure 5-12:

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

SETS maintenance sample

After the Clear WTR command or the expiry of the WTR time, the SETS
timing system is back again to its initial state.
Press
Figure 5-13:

[Get]
SETS maintenance sample

The states and relevant parameters of the SETS system are:


Sources
Failed:
Holdoff:
WTR:
Command Status:

1KHW002008

page 94 of 132

None
None
None
SYNIF <4> STM1: Locked out

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Manual and forced switches

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

Source selected:

ESI-1

Clock Operation Type:

Auto selection

Clock Operation Mode:

Locked

The ESI-1 has failed.


Read the Timing Sources Status again after the expiry of the Holdoff time:
Press
Figure 5-14:

[Get]
SETS maintenance sample

The state and relevant parameters of the SETS system are now:
Sources
Failed:
Holdoff:
WTR:
Command Status:

ESI-1 (QL = 15)


None
None
SYNIF <4> STM1: Locked out

Source selected:

SYNIF <2> STM1

Clock Operation Type:

Auto selection

Clock Operation Mode:

Locked

Select

ABB

Manual switch

page 95 of 132

for the ESI-1 timing source (no


[Get] this time!).

1KHW002008

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

Figure 5-15:

Press
Figure 5-16:

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

SETS maintenance sample

[Get]
SETS maintenance sample

The state and relevant parameters of the SETS system are the same as before! There is no change of the timing system and source selection.
The UCST cannot honour the Manual switch request since the timing source
involved has failed.

1KHW002008

Select

Force switch

Press

[Get]

page 96 of 132

for the ESI-1 timing source.

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Figure 5-17:

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

SETS maintenance sample

The state and relevant parameters of the SETS system are now:
Sources
Failed:
Holdoff:
WTR:
Command Status:

ESI-1 (QL= 15)


None
None
SYNIF <4> STM1: Locked out
ESI-1:
Forced switch active

Source selected:

Internal

Clock Operation Type:

Auto selection

Clock Operation Mode:

Holdover

The command forces the SETS system to synchronise to ESI-1 although this
source is not available. The SETS system synchronises to Internal and the
Clock Operation Mode becomes Holdover.

ABB

page 97 of 132

1KHW002008

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

Clock Operation Types

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

If a selected source fails all the synchronisation recovery attempts create the
Clock Operation Modes Holdover or Locked. The UCST provides commands to allow you to change the Clock Operation Modes and also select
the mode Free-running.
The dialogue below shows the initial state of the SETS system:
Figure 5-18:

SETS maintenance sample

The state and relevant parameters of the SETS system are:

1KHW002008

Sources
Failed:
Holdoff:
WTR:
Command Status:

None
None
None
SYNIF <4> STM1: Locked out

Source selected:

ESI-1

Clock Operation Type:

Auto selection

Clock Operation Mode:

Locked

Select

Forced free-run

Press

[Get]

page 98 of 132

for Clock Operation Mode to disable the selection algorithm.

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Figure 5-19:

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

SETS maintenance sample

The state and relevant parameters of the SETS system are now:
Sources
Failed:
Holdoff:
WTR:
Command Status:

None
None
None
SYNIF <4> STM1: Locked out

Source selected:

ESI-1

Clock Operation Type:

Forced free-run

Clock Operation Mode:

Free-running

The SETS system synchronises now to Internal (frequency f0). The ESI-1
remains the pre-selected timing source.
If the ESI-1 source fails, the source enters the Holdoff state. After the expiry
of the Holdoff time, the selection algorithm pre-selects the source SYNIF
<2> STM1.
Press

ABB

[Get]

page 99 of 132

1KHW002008

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

Figure 5-20:

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

SETS maintenance sample

The Clock Operation Mode remains Free-running and the SETS system
synchronises to Internal.
Select

Auto selection

Press

[Get]

Figure 5-21:

for Clock Operation Mode to reenable the automatic selection algorithm.

SETS maintenance sample

The state and relevant parameters of the SETS system are now:
Sources
Failed:
Holdoff:
WTR:
Command Status:

1KHW002008

ESI-1 (QL = 15)


None
None
SYNIF <4> STM1: Locked out

page 100 of 132

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

Source selected:

SYNIF <2> STM1

Clock Operation Type:

Auto selection

Clock Operation Mode:

Locked

The SETS system synchronises to the pre-selected timing source and the
Clock Operation Mode is now Locked.
It is also possible to force the SETS system to Holdover.
Select

Forced holdover

Press

[Get]

for Clock operation Mode to disable the selection algorithm and


enter Holdover.

After the Holdover command, allow the holdover circuit to synchronise before you press [Get]. This may last a couple of seconds.
Figure 5-22:

SETS maintenance sample

The state and relevant parameters of the SETS system are now:
Sources
Failed:
Holdoff:
WTR:
Command Status:

ESI-1 (QL = 15)


None
None
SYNIF <4> STM1: Locked out

Source selected:

SYNIF <2> STM1

Clock Operation Type:

Forced holdover

Clock Operation Mode:

Holdover

The SETS system is now in Holdover with the frozen frequency of the
SYNIF <2> STM1 timing source (and its QL).

ABB

page 101 of 132

1KHW002008

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

If the ESI-1 source becomes available again, the SETS system pre-selects
the ESI-1 only after the expiry of the WTR. You can use the command Clear
WTR to clear the WTR time or wait until the WTR time expires.
If you use the Forced switch (Manual switch is not possible) command during the WTR time, the SETS system pre-selects Internal until the WTR time
expires:
Select

Forced switch

to force the selection of the ESI-1.

Press

[Get]

while the WTR time runs.

Figure 5-23:

SETS maintenance sample

The state and relevant parameters of the SETS system are now:
Sources
Failed:
Holdoff:
WTR:
Command Status:

None
None
ESI-1
SYNIF <4> STM1: Locked out
ESI-1:
Forced switch active

Source selected:

Internal

Clock Operation Type:

Forced holdover

Clock Operation Mode:

Holdover

During the WTR time Internal is pre-selected since the ESI-1 is not yet available (WTR state). After the WTR time expires the SETS system pre-selects
the ESI-1.
Press

1KHW002008

[Get]

page 102 of 132

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

Figure 5-24:

SETS maintenance sample

Since the Clock Operation Type was Holdover during the whole
selection process, the holdover circuit still freezes the frequency of
SYNIF <2> STM1.
Select

Auto selection

as Clock Operation Type to reenable the automatic selection algorithm.


The switch command still overrides the selection (although here
both create the same selection).

Press
Figure 5-25:

[Get]
SETS maintenance sample

The SETS system is now Locked again to the ESI-1 source.

ABB

page 103 of 132

1KHW002008

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Leaving the NE with forced synchronisation conditions might create failures of synchronisation.
"Forced" states persist until you remove them or the NE has a
power reset!

1KHW002008

Select the tab

PETS or ESO-SDH

to access the maintenance functions for the corresponding layer.

Press

[Close]

to close Timing Sources Status


and quit to the main menu.

page 104 of 132

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

ESO-SDH layer
Functions and parameters

This layer is not available if the ESO-SDH is locked to SETS!


The ESO-SDH requires the mode Non SETS locked.
Select the menu

NE Configuration Timing Sources Status.

Select the tab

ESO-SDH

for the ESO-SDH timing system.

Press

[Get]

to update the parameters of the


dialogue.

Figure 5-26:

Timing Sources Status / ESO-SDH


SETS locked sample dialogue

The ESO-SDH layer provides the following commands and status monitors
for the allocated timing sources:
Priority (column Priority):
Priority displays the configured priority of the allocated timing source.
Parameter range: 1 7
QL (column QL):
QL reflects the value QLIn at the input of the Select A of the allocated timing source.
Parameter range: 1 15
States (column Status):
- Not Supervised

ABB

Available

page 105 of 132

is the state information for disabled


inputs of the ESO-SDH timing system (= no source allocated).
Timing source and timing signal
are available.

1KHW002008

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

The source enters this state after


the elapse of the WTR time.
-

Holdoff

is indicated for the source after the


source failed (after a short time or
permanently) and while its Holdoff
time is running.

Failed

Timing source and timing signal


are not available (= signal is not
usable for synchronisation purposes).
The source enters this state after a
permanent failure and the expiry of
the Holdoff time.

WTR (Wait To Restore)

is indicated for the source if the


source is available again after a
(permanent) failure and while its
WTR time is running.

Commands (Command column):


The commands override the automatic selection of timing sources:
-

Forced switch

forces the selection algorithm to


synchronise the ESO-SDH timing
to this source.
If the source is not available (=
failed) ESO-SDH is squelched.

Manual switch

forces the selection algorithm to


synchronise the ESO-SDH timing
to this source.
However, the switch request is
only honoured if the (for the switch
command) selected source is
available. A source is not available
if its state is:
- Failed
- WTR etc.

Clear switch

releases Forced switch active for


the selected timing source.

Set lockout

forces the selection algorithm to


disregard this timing source for the
selection of a timing source.

Clear lockout

releases Locked out for the selected timing source. The source
again becomes selectable.

Clear WTR

clears the WTR state for the selected timing source. The source
becomes available.

After selection, the UCST confirms the acceptance of the command in


the field as
<Command> (Done)

1KHW002008

page 106 of 132

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

The UCST always issues this confirmation independently of whether the


command is active in the NE (for rules, refer to notes below). To confirm
the real state read the status back from the NE via a Get command.
Commands Status (Command column):
The [Get]-function allows you to refresh the display of the timing system
status. The Command column displays a "forced" status for the corresponding timing source as follows:
-

Forced switch active

indicates that a diagnostics command forces the ESO-SDH timing


to synchronise to the corresponding timing source.

Manual switch active

indicates that a diagnostics command forces the ESO-SDH timing


to synchronise to the corresponding timing source.

Locked out

indicates that a diagnostic command disqualifies the corresponding timing source for the ESO-SDH
timing.

Please note that:


The ESO-SDH layer allows you to apply the Set lockout command to several sources at a time.
It is only possible to have Forced switch active for 1 timing
source at a time. If you apply a Forced switch to a new source,
the UCST clears the Forced switch active state for the other
source.
It is not possible to override a Locked out source with a switch
command. However, it is possible to lock out a source with a
Forced switch active state.
The Clear commands remove the corresponding "forced" state
only from the timing source for which you apply the command.
The ESO-SDH layer provides the following monitor functions for the synchronisation system:
ESO-SDH SETS locked only Output Status (ESO-4):
The Output Status monitors the state of the ESO-SDH as follows:
-

ESO-4 Active

indicates that the ESO-4 interface


can provide its timing signal.

ESO-4 Squelched

indicates that the ESO-4 interface


cannot provide its timing signal.
The signal is squelched due to the
- ESO Squelch function.

The [Get]-function allows you to refresh the display of the timing system
status.
The application of "forced" states (sources, selection) generates
the COBU<X> alarm:
Board

ABB

page 107 of 132

Sync. maintenance function active

1KHW002008

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

Use of ESO-SDH Timing


Sources Status and examples

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

The ESO-SDH provides a subset of the diagnostic functions that the SETS
layer provides. The ESO-SDH has no Clock Operation Type and Mode functions.
The following examples illustrate some particularities of the ESO-SDH status
menu. The example illustrates the behaviour for the Priority Table based Selection Algorithm.
Please note that:
The examples are for demonstration of the diagnostic functions
only!
The configurations shown do not claim to be examples for the
implementation of the NE timing system.
Do not use SYNAC subunits as a timing source for the SETS
system.
Consider the special cases of QL processing and timing source
selection as described in the paragraphs "SSI/SSM processing
and selection algorithms".
Some of the timing sources of the ESO-SDH system might fail:
Press
Figure 5-27:

[Get]

to update the state.

ESO-SDH maintenance sample

The states and relevant parameters of the ESO-SDH system are:

1KHW002008

Sources
Failed:
Holdoff:
Not supervised:
Command Status:

None
SYNIF <2, 4>, SYNIO <15>, SYNAC <6>
ESI-1
None

Source selected:

SYNIF <4> STM1

Output Status:
ESO-4:

Active

page 108 of 132

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

After failure, the failed timing sources are in the Holdoff state. The ESO-SDH
still synchronises to SYNIF <4> STM1.
The block diagram of the synchronisation system shows that the Select A for
the ESO-SDH has no access to Internal and has no Holdover circuit. Therefore, the ESO-SDH system disposes of no recovery process during the
Holdoff time.
The ESO-4/SDH interface is not able to provide a timing signal
during Holdoff time.
After the expiry of the Holdoff time, the system reports the timing sources as
Failed and the selection algorithm can switch to the only remaining timing
source.
Press
Figure 5-28:

[Get]
ESO-SDH maintenance sample

The states and relevant parameters of the ESO-SDH system are:

ABB

Sources
Failed:
Holdoff:
Not supervised:
Command Status:

SYNIF <2, 4>, SYNIO <15>, SYNAC <6>


None
ESI-1
None

Source selected:

MEGIF <10> 2Mbit/s-2

Output Status:
ESO-4:

Active

Select

Lock out

Press

[Get]

page 109 of 132

for the source MEGIF <10>


2Mbit/s-2

1KHW002008

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

Figure 5-29:

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

ESO-SDH maintenance sample

The states and relevant parameters of the ESO-SDH system are:


Sources
Failed:
Holdoff:
Not supervised:
Command Status:

SYNIF <2, 4>, SYNIO <15>, SYNAC <6>


None
ESI-1
MEGIF <10> 2Mbit/s-2:
Locked out

Source selected:

None

Output Status:
ESO-4:

Squelched

The ESO-SDH system now has no timing source for synchronisation!


The same Source Selected (None) results if you force the ESO-SDH system
to switch to ESI-1 (disabled) or one of the failed timing sources.
Leaving the NE with forced synchronisation conditions might create failures of synchronisation.
"forced" states persist until you remove them!

1KHW002008

Select the tab

PETS or SETS

to access the maintenance functions for the corresponding layer.

Press

[Close]

to close Timing Sources Status


and quit to the main menu.

page 110 of 132

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

SETS Protection layer


Functions and parameters

Please note:
This layer is only available if the UCST recognises a configuration with SETS equipment protection in the Prime SETS Sector!
There is no status and diagnostic possible for SETS equipment
protection in the Agent SETS Sector.
Select the menu

NE Configuration Timing Sources Status.

Select the tab

SETS-Protection

to access the maintenance and


status control for SETS equipment
protection.

Press

[Get]

to update the parameters in the


dialogue.

Figure 5-30:

Timing Sources Status / SETS Protection


sample dialogue

The dialogue SETS Protection provides the following commands and status
monitors:
Status (Status field):
- Active SETS
-

Get

loads state information of the currently active SETS circuit to the


dialogue.

Control (Control field):


- Switch Working <-> Protecting

ABB

informs on the unit with the currently active SETS circuit.

page 111 of 132

allows you to manually force a


switchover from the now active
SETS system to the protecting circuit.

1KHW002008

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

After switchover, the command button becomes shaded grey until you
press the GET button again.
The SETS circuit switchover does not generate an alarm but creates an entry in the logbook:
SYNI<X> <n> Board SETS protection switch: Active
You have to read the message as
"The SETS circuit of the SYNI<X> <n> unit became active".

Use of SETS Protection and SETS equipment protection is an internal process of the NE with (almost) no
interaction to the outside world. The example of a NE logbook illustrates
examples
typical sequences for manually and system triggered switchovers.
The description of the events and the logbook contents below rely on the following simple configuration of the SETS timing system:
Figure 5-31:

Timing Sources Status / SETS sample dialogue

The example below shows the main steps of the SETS protection switching
process as it is recorded in the FOX logbook.
To keep the logbook short and expressive, the following artificial
measures were taken:
Simple configuration for SETS with few sources:
SYNIF <2>, SYNIF <4> and ESI-1 as SETS timing sources.
ESO-SDH: all timing sources are disabled.
The FOX515 uses both SBUS/ABUS sectors. The SETS
protection sequence is for the Prime SETS Sector with the 2
SYNIF units.
The event monitoring in all alarm configuration layers but the
board layers of the affected traffic units are set to NMON.

1KHW002008

page 112 of 132

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

This prevents the FOX from monitoring the traffic signals for
failures and flooding the logbook with data (the failure of the
SETS function is created via a complete failure of the SYNIF).
Real FOX applications show a lot more events in their logbooks if
the SETS protection becomes active. However, the SETS protection related events correspond to the events shown in the example
below.

Figure 5-32:

NE Logbook reporting samples of SETS switching

D
C
B
A

The logbook allows you to monitor the following states and events (refer to
letters in the figure above):
A

The events recorded during phase A are of no importance here.

The logbook reports a switchover of the active SETS function from the
SYNIF <2> to the SYNIF <4>. It becomes not directly visible that the
switchover results from a manual switchover.
This event is recorded in the logbook as follows:
Unit/SubUnit

Event Description

SYNIF <4>
SYNIF Board

SETS protection switch: Active

State

The SETS circuit of the SYNIF <4>


becomes active.

Please note that the protection switching does not create alarms!

ABB

page 113 of 132

1KHW002008

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

The SYNIF <4> and with it the local SETS circuit fails (here the unit is
removed from the subrack). This triggers an unconditional switchover
of the active SETS function from the SYNIF <4> to the SYNIF <2>
and creates the following sequence of entries in the logbook:
Unit/SubUnit

Event Description

SYNIF <2>
SYNIF Board

SETS protection switch: Active

State

The SETS circuit of the SYNIF <2>


becomes instantly active after the
failure of the SYNIF <4> SETS circuit.

SYNIF <4>
SYNIF Board

Unit Not Available

On

The SYNIF <4> has completely failed


(SYNIF <4> is removed).
SYNIF <2>
SYNIF Board / Clock Source
SDH-2

Loss of Signal

On

The SYNIF <2> reports the loss of


the timing signal from the SYNIF <4>
(assigned to SDH-2).

Please note that the protection switching does not create alarms.
However, the failed unit and the loss of the Clock Source SDH-2 (provided by the SYNIF <4>) generate alarms.
D

The SYNIF <4> starts up and becomes available again (here the unit
is re-inserted into the subrack). This starts the reconfiguration of the
unit. The corresponding entries in the logbook are:
Unit/SubUnit

Event Description

SYNIF <4>
SYNIF Board

Unit SW installed

State

To power-up the SYNIF <4> the


COBU<X> must re-install the SYNIF
ESW.
SYNIF <2>
SYNIF Board

Unit Not Available

Off

The SYNIF <4> is now operating and


ready (the state reports the alarm
turned off!).

1KHW002008

page 114 of 132

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

The logbook reflects the start up of the SETS circuit of the SYNIF <4>
until it is resynchronised and available for SETS protection again.
Please note that the SETS circuit of the SYNIF <4> performs a powerup!
The corresponding entries in the logbook are:
Unit/SubUnit

Event Description

State

SYNIF <4>
Board / SETS

PLL Out of Lock

On

The NE starts a timeout for the


SETS function of the SYNIF <4>
to allow the local SETS system to
stabilise and synchronise.
The timeout expires after ca. 60
seconds.
SYNIF <4>
Loss of Signal
SYNIF Board / Clock Source SDH-2

On

The timing signal from its own


STM-1 port (SYNIF <4>) is not yet
available (the IF is not yet up).
SYNIF <4>
SYNIF / SETS

Source Not Primary

On

After the power-up, the local


SETS circuit of the SYNIF <4> is
free running and thus not synchronised according to the configuration. The configuration requires with the highest priority
synchronisation to ESI-1.
SYNIF <4>
SYNIF Board

SETS synchronisation source


switch
The local SETS circuit of the
SYNIF <4> selects a new timing
source.

SYNIF <4>
SYNIF Board / SETS

Source Not Primary

Off

The local SETS circuit of the


SYNIF <4> now synchronises to
the timing signal of ESI-1 (highest
priority).
SYNIF <2>
Loss of Signal
SYNIF Board / Clock Source SDH-2

Off

The STM-1 IF of the SYNIF <4> is


up and the timing signal from the
IF is available. The SYNIF <2>
now has the timing signal from the
SYNIF <4> (assigned to SDH-2).
SYNIF <4>
Loss of Signal
SYNIF Board / Clock Source SDH-2

Off

The SYNIF <4> now has the


timing signal from its own STM-1
IF (assigned to SDH-2).

ABB

page 115 of 132

1KHW002008

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Unit/SubUnit

Event Description

State

SYNIF <4>
SYNIF Board / SETS

PLL Out of Lock

Off

The timeout for the SETS function


of the SYNIF <4> has expired.
The local SETS function of the
SYNIF <4> is now available.

Please note that:


During phase C it is not possible to manually switch back the
SETS function to the unit <4>.
The UCST issues only a Layer 7 error!
During and after phase E the SETS function of the SYNIF <2>
is still active and provides SETS for the NE!
Thus, the SETS protection switching is non revertive.
The FOX515 uses both SBUS/ABUS sectors. The SETS protection sequence is for the Prime SETS Sector with the 2
SYNIF units.
The logbook shows no event for the Agent SETS sector (with a
SYNIO unit). This is normal, since the inter-sector SETS signal
for the Agent SETS Sector is always available. Thus the synchronisation of the Agent SETS Sector is not affected.

1KHW002008

Select the tab

PETS or SETS

to access the maintenance functions for the corresponding layer.

Press

[Close]

to close Timing Sources Status


and quit to the main menu.

page 116 of 132

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

Alarms & Notifications


Alarms

Depending on the unit, the Board layer provides some timing system related
alarms for configuration.
For details, refer to the corresponding unit user guides.

Notifications

The units with SETS issue the following notifications on the Board layer for
the NE logbook:
Figure 5-33:

Board layer
Notification
Localisation
<Unit> <s> <Sub>

Description

Notification text
SEC synchronisation source
switch
ESO synchronisation source
switch
ESO squelch: ON

Issued when a new SEC synchronisation source is selected.


Issued when a new ESO synchronisation source is selected.
Indicates the commencement of ESO squelching phase.

ESO squelch: OFF

Indicates the ending of ESO squelching phase.

SETS active/standby switch

Issued when the currently standby SETS becomes active.

s
SEC
Sub
Unit

ABB

Notifications on the Board layer

=
=
=
=

slot number
Synchronous Equipment Clock
Identification of the subunit/layer
ATIOP, SYNIO, SYNIF, SYNUF, SYN4E, SYNIC

page 117 of 132

1KHW002008

Status/Maintenance of the NE timing system

1KHW002008

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

page 118 of 132

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Synchronisation networks

Synchronisation networks

Introduction
This section provides an introduction in planning the synchronisation of
2048 kbit/s and SDH hierarchy transport networks based on FOX network
elements. The main focus is on SEC-level solutions with the nodes in a master-slave relationship.

Background information
A synchronisation network is a set of clock nodes that are kept in synchronisation with one another. To achieve this, it is necessary to transfer synchronisation reference information between nodes so that their relative synchronisation may be monitored and maintained.
Apart from the clock information, the timing reference signal contains also information (synchronisation status message, SSM) about the quality the signal can be traced back to.
In general a network will be synchronised to a primary reference clock
(PRC). However in the case of small networks without any connections to
other clock domains, the clock quality of the synchronisation network may be
as low as a synchronous equipment clock (SEC).
The main reasons for providing a synchronisation network are:
NEs terminating the 2048 kbit/s (P12s) signals in order to cross connect
the P0 and P0nc channels require a synchronised network to avoid loss
of information as a result of buffer under or overflow. The loss or the reinsertion of a byte is scarcely audible on A-law coded voice, but it is not
acceptable anymore for data services like ISDN.
Networks to operate synchronously should meet the slip performance requirements according to ITU-T Recommendation G.822.
The NEs within an SDH network are to be synchronised to eliminate high
phase excursions on 2048 kbit/s payload signals due to pointer adjustments.
Circuit emulation over a packet based network may require a common
clock to restore the synchronous payload signal (e.g.: CES over ATM applying SRTS which makes use of the network clock as a reference)

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Synchronisation networks

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Solution / Recommendation
Allocation of clock domains
Given an example of an access network, variants of defining the clock domains are being discussed.
Variant 1

Figure 6-1: Regional broadband network without direct access to PRC

PRC

NE2..NEn

NE1

UMUX 1500

UMUX 1500
STM-1

Regional Broadband
STM-N
SDH
Network
(existing)

STM-1

SYNUF <x> STM-1

SETS
only

V5.2
(nx E12/P12s)

SDH
PSTN
(existing)

SYNUF <x> STM-1

PRC

SETS
only

PRC

Synchronisation network
The regional broadband network and the network elements NE1 to NEn
belong to the clock domain of the public switched telephone network
(PSTN).
The connection to the primary reference clock (PRC) of NE1 to NEn and
the regional broadband network is established via the V5.2 /E12 interface
of the PSTN. FOX NEs are linked in terms of clock via the STM1 sections
to the regional broadband network. (Protection of the synchronisation trail
is not shown).
In all FOX NEs the equipment timing source is set to SETS only (SEC
level).

1KHW002008

Pros

Cons

Both the SDH and 2048 kbit/s hierarchies bound to the same clock. Fully
synchronised SDH part does not suffer
from pointer adjustments.

In terms of services, the regional broadband network is confined to establish


subscribers access to the PSTN (public
switched telephone network).

No byte slips on SDH management


communications channel.

Large clock domain. Wander issue has


to be carefully looked at. NE1 eventually
to be upgraded to a source SSU if there
is no sink SSU with the NE providing the
V5.2 interface on the PSTN side.

page 120 of 132

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Variant 2

Synchronisation networks

Figure 6-2: Regional broadband network as a clock domain of its own.

Synchronisation network
On STM-1 level all the network elements NE1 to NEn belong to the clock
domain of the regional broadband network. However on PDH level, NE1
to NEn are synchronised to the PSTN.
Pros

Cons

All the SDH signals are synchronised,


which helps to avoid excessive phase
deviations due to pointer adjustments.
The PSTN and the regional broadband
network remain autonomous with respect
to the choice of their PRCs. The fact that
the PETSs of all FOX NEs are tied to a
common source (PSTN) will avoid frame
slips on the 2048 kit/s side.

The asynchronism between the SDH and


PDH clock domains can lead to some
VC12 <-> P12s mapping jitter on the
2048 kbit/s signals

Risk of byte slips on SDH management


communications channel due to the
asynchronism between SDH and PDH
transport network.

ABB

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1KHW002008

Synchronisation networks

Variant 3

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Figure 6-3: Regional broadband network with direct PRC access

Synchronisation network
On STM-1 level all the network elements NE1 to NEn belong to the clock
domain of the regional broadband network.
Pros

Cons

The asynchronism between the clock


The PSTN and the regional broadband
network remain autonomous with respect domain of the regional broadband network which includes also NE1 to NEn
to the choice of their PRCs.
and the PSTN may lead to frame slips on
the P12s level. The slip rate however
should be below the limits as set by
ITU-T Recommendation G.822
No byte slips on SDH management
communications channel.

Synchronisation network
robustness
Using Synchronisation Status
Messages (SSM)

It is preferable if all node clocks and network element clocks are able to recover timing from at least two synchronisation distribution trails, if possible
over diversely routed paths. Both the G.812 (SSU) and G.813 (SEC) clocks
may have to reconfigure and recover timing from one of their alternate synchronisation distribution trails. The SSM coding scheme (acc. to ITU-T
G.704) is provided to allow selection and confirmation of the synchronisation
trail, traceable back to the best possible clock source quality level.
Table 6-1:

1KHW002008

QL interpretation

SSM code [MSBLSB]

QL interpretation

0000

INV0

0001

INV1

0010

PRC (ITU-T G.811)

0011

INV3

0100

SSU-A (ITU-T G.812)

page 122 of 132

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Network examples with SEC


network elements

ABB

Synchronisation networks

SSM code [MSBLSB]

QL interpretation

0101

INV5

0110

INV6

0111

INV7

1000

SSU-B (ITU-TG.812)

1001

INV9

1010

INV10

1011

SEC (ITU-T.813)

1100

INV12

1101

INV13

1110

INV14

1111

DNU (Do Not Use)

Note: The synchronisation protection mechanism of the example networks


shown in this chapter is based on one reference clock supplied by a STM-N
transport network element via two independent synchronisation trails (STM11 and STM1-2).
The selection algorithm in the FOX network is set to priority based, which
implies that a QL in the range from 1 to 14 does not affect the selection.

page 123 of 132

1KHW002008

Synchronisation networks

Ring topology with VC-12


path traffic protection

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Figure 6-4: SDH ring with access to transport network by SYN4E

Under normal operating conditions the STM1-1 input of NE1 and the STM1
input of SYNUF<4> of all other NEs (NE2-NE6) are used as the active timing references.
Timing source selection and routing tables:
NE1: SETS only
Timing Sources

Synchro. Out

Source

Priority

QL

SYN4E<2>
STM1-1

SYN4E<2>
STM1-2

SYN4E<2>
STM1-3

SYN4E<2>
STM1-4

SYN4E<2> STM1-1

Do not use

Do not use

Can be used

Can be used

SYN4E<2> STM1-2

Do not use

Do not use

Can be used

Can be used

ESI-1

Disabled

Internal

11

Can be used

Can be used

Can be used

Can be used

1KHW002008

page 124 of 132

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Synchronisation networks

NE2-NE6: SETS only


Timing Sources

Linear FOX network with


MSP

Synchro. Out

Source

Priority

QL

SYNUF<2>

SYNUF<4>

SYNUF<4>

Can be used

Do not use

SYNUF<2>

Do not use

Can be used

ESI-1

Disabled

Internal

11

Do not use

Do not use

Figure 6-5:

Linear SDH network with access to transport network by


SYN4E

Under normal operating conditions the STM1-1 inputs of NE1, NE2 and NE3
are selected as the active timing references.
Timing source selection and routing tables
NE1: SETS only
Timing Sources

Synchro. Out

Source

Priority

QL

SYN4E<2>
STM1-1

SYN4E<2>
STM1-2

SYN4E<2>
STM1-3

SYN4E<2>
STM1-4

SYN4E<2> STM1-1

Do not use

Do not use

Can be used

Can be used

SYN4E<2> STM1-2

Do not use

Do not use

Can be used

Can be used

ESI-1

Disabled

Internal

11

Can be used

Can be used

Can be used

Can be used

ABB

page 125 of 132

1KHW002008

Synchronisation networks

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

NE2: SETS only


Timing Sources

Synchro. Out

Source

Priority

QL

SYN4E<2>
STM1-1

SYN4E<2>
STM1-2

SYN4E<2>
STM1-3

SYN4E<2>
STM1-4

SYN4E<2> STM1-1

Do not use

Do not use

Can be used

Can be used

SYN4E<2> STM1-2

Do not use

Do not use

Can be used

Can be used

ESI-1

Disabled

Internal

11

Do not use

Do not use

Do not use

Do not use

NE3: SETS only


Timing Sources

Network example with SEC


and SSU network elements

Synchro Out

Source

Priority

QL

SYN4E<2>
STM1-1

SYN4E<2>
STM1-2

SYN4E<2> STM1-1

Do not use

Do not use

SYN4E<2> STM1-2

Do not use

Do not use

ESI-1

Disabled

Internal

11

Do not use

Do not use

The synchronisation protection mechanism of the example networks shown


in this chapter is based on one reference clock supplied by a single STM-N
transport network element by means of two independent synchronisation
trails (STM1-1 and STM1-2).
The selection algorithm in the FOX network is set to priority based, which
implies that a QL in the range from 1 to 14 does not affect the selection.
Please note that the present design of the NE Configuration / Timing Sources / Configuration function does not allow to setup a synchronisation network as depicted in this section. The SEC synchronisation trail towards NE 4 which is equipped with an SSU
cannot be protected since the routing table mechanism is fixed
to the SETS selection mode and does therefore not allow to configure a network setup without timing loops.
The routing configuration of the SDH ports from the NE timing
(SETS, T0) or from the SSU timing (ESO-SDH, T4) will be available in a future release.

1KHW002008

page 126 of 132

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

SDH ring topology

Synchronisation networks

Figure 6-6: Ring SDH network with sink SSU

PCR

STM-N Transport Network

SSU
1

STM1

STM1

SYN4E<2>

SYNUF<2>

STM1

NE2

LOMIF<5>

SYNUF<4>

SYNUF<2>

LOMIF<5>

SYNUF<4>

SYNAC<3>

NE6

SYNAC<3>

STM1

SSU
1

NE1
=8x E12
=8x E12

NE4

Selection A

SYNUF<4>

LOMIF<5>

SYNAC<3>

STM1

SYNUF<2>

SYNUF<4>

LOMIF<5>

STM1

SSU
2

NE3

SYNAC<3>

SYNUF<2>

SYNUF<4>

LOMIF<5>

SYNUF<2>

SYNAC<3>

NE5

T4

STM1

STM1

=8x E12

Selection B

=8x E12

=8x E12
SSU
2

T4

ESI-1

Under normal operating conditions, the STM1-1 input of NE1 and the STM1
input of SYNUF<4> of all other NEs (NE2-NE6) are used as the active timing references.
Timing source selection and routing tables
NE1: SETS only
Timing Sources
Source

Synchro Out
Priority

QL

SYN4E<2>
STM1-1

SYN4E<2>
STM1-2

SYN4E<2>
STM1-3

SYN4E<2>
STM1-4

SYN4E<2> STM1-1

Do not use

Do not use

Can be used

Can be used

SYN4E<2> STM1-2

Do not use

Do not use

Can be used

Can be used

ESI-1

Disabled

Internal

11

Can be used

Can be used

Can be used

Can be used

T0

T0 has to be activated to synchronise the routing table with the selection of T0 (Selector B in figure <>-7).
The feature will be available in a future release.

ABB

page 127 of 132

1KHW002008

Synchronisation networks

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

NE2-NE3, NE5-NE6: SETS only


Timing Sources
Source

Synchro Out
Priority

QL

SYNUF<2>

SYNUF<4>

SYNUF<4>

Can be used

Do not use

SYNUF<2>

Do not use

Can be used

ESI-1

Disabled

Internal

11

Do not use

Do not use

T0

T0 has to be activated to synchronise the routing table with the selection of T0 (Selector B in figure <>-7).
The feature will be available in a future release.
NE4: Block diagram of SETS with ESO-SDH set to non
SETS locked and SSU added

Figure 6-7:

ESO-SDH non
SETS locked
T1:
SYNUF <2> STM1

external
equipment

Squelch set to QL> 2

T4

T1:
SYNUF <4> STM1
T3: ESI-1

Select A

SSU 2

Squelch

Disabled

3
2

SETG
(PLL)

T3: ESI-1 Select B


1
8

T0
PBUS
SBUS
ABUS

SSM not
supported

Internal

Denotes priority

Note: The figure shows the actual configuration. Unused functions are not
shown.

1KHW002008

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User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Synchronisation networks

NE4: SETS configuration


Timing Sources
Source

Priority

QL

SYNUF<4>

SYNUF<2>

ESI-1

Internal

11

NE4: ESO-SDH configuration (non SETS locked)


Timing Sources

ESO-SDH QL

Source

Priority

QL

SYNUF<4>

SYNUF<2>

ESI-1

Disabled

ESO-4 squelched

3-15

The parameters Priority, Holdoff, QL and WTR for the


sources used in common with tables ESO-SDH configuration (non
SETS locked) and SETS configuration must be identical.
(ESI-1 and Internal are used only with SETS)
NE4 SYNUF<2>: STM1 Routing Table T4
Timing Sources
Source

Synchro Out
SYNUF <2>

T4

SYNUF<2>

Do not use

Can be used

SYNUF<4>

Can be used

Do not use

ESI-1

Do not use

Do not use

Internal

Do not use

Do not use

SYNUF <4>

T4 has to be activated to synchronise the routing table with the selection of T4 (Selector A in figure <>-7).
The feature will be available in a future release.
Points to be considered when
using the SSU layer network The PRC autonomy of an SSU is longer than that of an SEC node (higher
stability internal oscillators).
In terms of wander, the maximum number of SEC nodes between adjacent SSU nodes is 20.

ABB

page 129 of 132

1KHW002008

Synchronisation networks

Configuring master-slave
synchronisation networks
Scope of applications

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

The focus of FOX SDH networks will be on the following types of applications:
SEC level subnetworks slaved to a master transport network. In terms of
synchronisation network rather at the bottom of the synchronisation tree.
SDH island in a PDH environment. In order to avoid pointer adjustments,
the SDH network needs to be synchronised at least to SEC quality. The
2Mbit/s is mapped asynchronously into the VC-12. Therefore its timing is
independent of the SDH network clock.
In both types of applications, the synchronisation network will be on SEC
level unless the number of cascaded network elements requires an SSU to
keep the wander in tolerable limits.

Planning steps
Define the required quality of the (FOX) SDH network clock.
With the FOX network as a slave to the master transport network, the
network clock in general will be traceable to PCR. The synchronisation
reference signal directly at the interface to the FOX subnetwork may be
filtered by means of an SSU. Depending on whether the SSU is placed
on the transport network side or on the slave network side, the SSU has
to be of the source or of the sink type. (Refer also to chapter Network
example with SEC and SSU network elements on page 6-126).
Since automatic restoration is mandatory, the reference clock has to be
provided at least by two independent synchronisation trails.
Examine if there is a need to upgrade some of the NEs from SEC to SSU
with respect to the wander aspects.
Determine the parameters of the SSM algorithm for all NEs within the
subnetwork. Doing so, it is essential to avoid timing loops in any case of
synchronisation trail disruption.
Simulate the synchronisation trail recovery, to identify failed reconfigurations and timing loops.
Specify the test cases, to verify the quality and robustness of the synchronisation network.
Maintenance

Appoint a responsible person to release any modifications affecting the


synchronisation network
Repeat the verification with updated test specifications
For further information refer to ITU-T recommendation G.803, chapter 8 and
Appendix III.

1KHW002008

page 130 of 132

ABB

User Guide FOX Synchronisation (R8)

Enigneering limits

Engineering limits

Number of intermediate SEC nodes in SDH networks


In all SDH networks, be they linear, tree or ring networks, the clock distribution is structured from a clock source (PRC) to a clock sink (SEC) in a linear
way. Intermediate SSU (synchronous slave unit, ITU-T G.812) are used to
keep accumulated wander in tolerable limits.
The number of SEC network elements between adjacent SSU network elements is limited to 20, with the total number of SEC connected to a PRC limited to 60 (refer to section Synchronisation network robustness
on page 6-122 and to ITU-T G.823 and ETSI EN 300 462-2-1 V1.2.1).
Fig. 7-1: Synchronisation network reference chain

ABB

page 131 of 132

1KHW002008

For more information please contact:


ABB Switzerland Ltd
Power Systems
Utility Communications
Bruggerstrasse 72
5400 Baden
Switzerland
Phone: +41 58 589 37 35
or: +41 844 845 845 (Call Center)
Fax: +41 58 585 16 82
E-Mail: utility.communication@ch.abb.com
www.abb.com/utilitycommunications

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